Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research最新文献

{"title":"Anatomical Study of Variations in the Branching Patterns of Neurovascular Pedicle of Latissimus Dorsi","authors":"K. Naik, Ashel Chelsea Dsouza, P. Ranganath, M. Parthasarathi","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Variations in the branching and position of the dominant pedicle of the Latissimus Dorsi (LD) muscle has been noted during dissection of the posterior aspect of the cadaver. Knowledge about the point of branching of the pedicle is highly valuable for the surgeon while performing various reconstructive surgeries. Aims and Objectives To analyze and study the insertion and branching of the dominant neurovascular pedicle of LD. Material and Methods A total 40 LD muscles were excised from the point of origin and retracted superior-laterally towards its insertion. The pedicle was then cleared of any unwanted fascia by strip dissection and the point of branching was identified with respect to the level of the inferior scapular angle (ISA). Results An anatomical variation was observed in the study of the branching of the neurovascular pedicle. Upon consideration via statistical calculations, the following levels of branching locations were noted. ~12.5% - 2.0-inch superior to level of ISA ~37.5% - 1.0-inch superior to level of ISA ~25.0% - 1.5-inch superior to level of ISA ~25.0% - 0.4-inch inferior to level of ISA The first three types were considered as early branching whereas the last type was considered as late branching of LD. Conclusion This study shows the variations in the branching in the pedicle of the LD at various points that were considered. This is hence of surgical importance that must be noted to prevent surgical vascular damage that may occur during procedures and increase the methodology of pre-operative planning","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127916155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (Norm) In Jos North, Nigeria. A Case Study of the Utan Artisanal Tin Mining Sites","authors":"Ini Godwin, V. Yakovleva, Ninyio Noel Nyabai","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.16","url":null,"abstract":"Tin mining and milling can be an avenue for economic and technological development. Mining of this mineral contributes significantly to the distortion of the natural distribution of radioisotopes in the environment. This study assesses the concentration of natural radioactivity due to radioactive elements such as 40K, 238U and 232Th. Soil samples were taken from 20 distinct locations within the Utan mining sites, Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria. Potassium, radium, and thorium in soil samples from mining sites were determined by measuring their concentration activities using the gamma-ray spectroscopy method. Activity concentrations of potassium, radium and thorium were determined. In soil samples, activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra and 232Th were established. 40K 196.07±4.91 to 608.07±1.44 with an average of 386.48, 226Ra 0.71±0.02 to 5.11±0.07 with an average of 2.35 and 232Th 14.91±0.74 to 63.71±0.97 with average activity concentrations of 54.78. The average concentration activity of potassium and thorium was slightly above the world recommended average of 370.00 and 40.00 respectively, while radium was below the recommended average. The mines mean absorbed and annual effective dose rates were 14.27-nGy h−1and 18.62 μSvy-1, respectively. This average calculated absorbed dose rate in the air was found to be much less, than the global average of 57-nGy h−1. The absorbed dose is considered low compared to the external natural radiation of about 2000 μSv.y-1, to which no harmful effect is expected directly. However, the mean measured dose rate and calculated dose parameters for the mine were higher than the regulatory limit for public exposure.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129333591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification and Risk Assessment of PAHs in Street Dust from Functional Areas of Khamis-Mushait, Saudi Arabia","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.11","url":null,"abstract":"The average value of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Khamis-Mushait street dust was 2809.46 ng/g, ranging from 1250.41-4249.29 ng/g. Incinerator and industrial locations had the highest concentration of fossil PAHs (∑FPAHs), accounting for 69.62% of PAHs. The highest concentrations of carcinogenic PAHs (∑CARC) and combustion PAHs (∑COMB) were found in the King Fahd Garden and Al-Hayat National Hospital regions, accounting for 41.70 % and 27.46 % of PAHs, respectively. Naphthalene (NAP), Acenaphthylene (ACY) and Acenaphthene (ACE) were > effective range low (ERL). However, ACE was > effective range medium (ERM), and ACY, ACE, and DBA (dibenzo anthracene) were > Probable Effect Level (PEL). Furthermore, the effects of NAP, fluoranthene (FLT), pyrene (PYR), and benzo (a)pyren (BaP) were greater than the threshold effect level (TEL). The order of Hazardous indices (HI) for both children and adults were ACE > ACY > NAP > PYR > fluorene (FLR) > FLT > benzo (ghi) perylene (BghiP) > phenanthrene (PHN) > ANT. However, total HI for non-cancer risks for PAHs were 2.69×10-2 -9.91×10-5 and 2.50x10-2 - 9.22×10-4 to adults and children, respectively. These values considered safe level and insignificant to adults and children. In addition, ACE may pose risk based on acute and intermediate oral exposure. The cluster analysis of dust samples declared the following order from different sources: traffic > industrial > commercial.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123483985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered Expression of Superoxid Dismutase (SOD) Isoforms Is Necesary For Better Performance of A Recently Developed Drought-Tolerant Mutant of Rice Under Dehydration Stress","authors":"Rahele Panahabadi, A. Ahmadikhah","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses, which annually reduces agriculture production worldwide. With regard to the occurrence of successive drought stress in the life period of crop plants, dealing with the stress, particularly in rice growing regions needs special attention. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and to compare a recently-developed drought-tolerant mutant line under dehydration stress with its original parental cultivar (Neda). Mutant line performed better than its original parental cultivar Neda at seedling and whole plant stages under dehydration and drought stresses, respectively. For gene expression analysis, dehydration stress was mimicked by polyethylene glycol 6000 (osmotic pressure of -6 bar), and sampling was done at 0, 12, 24 and 36 hours after the stress, and expression of two isoforms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR method. Assessment of relative expression of superoxide dismutase isoform OsMnSOD at different times after stress showed that the expression of this gene in the parental cultivar was not significantly altered after the stress, while in the mutant line MT149 it was significantly decreased within early hours after stress but was significantly increased up to 11-fold within 24 hours after stress, and the expression of another isoform of superoxide dismutase, OsCu-ZnSOD, in mutant line MT149 also was first decreased and then increased up to 9-fold within 24 hours after stress. On the basis of the results of this research it can be concluded that probably one of the reasons for higher drought/dehydration tolerance of the mutant MT149 compared to Neda, is the increased expression of both isoforms of OsMnSOD and OsCu-ZnSOD within first 24 hours of exposing to the stress, making it possible to overcome the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS).","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129628350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Klebsiella Pneumonia St4 Coharboring Qnrb1, Aac-Ib-Cr, CTX-M-15 and SHV 11 in A Tunisian Hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiresistant Klebsiella pneumonia are predominant cause of hospital acquired infection. This work describes the molecular epidemiology of these isolates in Tunisian Hospital. Methods: Between October 2010 and June 2013, 50 non-duplicated clinical K.pneumoniae were selected based on nalidixic acid (NA) resistance and were characterized. Isolates were identified using APi 20E system. Susceptibility testing was determined using the disc diffusion method and the micro dilution technique to determine the MIC of ciprofloxacin. PMQR and ESBL genes were detected by PCR and positive results were confirmed by direct sequencing of PCR products. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to determine the genetic relationship among isolates. Conjugation and transformation were done to know if PMQR and ESBL were carried with one or two plasmids. Results: 20 PMQR harboring K.pneumoniae representing 40% of all NA resistant isolates were characterized. Among PMQR positive K.pneumoniae 13 were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ticarcilline, piperacillin, cefaloridine, cefotaxime (CTX) and ceftazidime. The rate of resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin were 85%, 95% and 25% respectively. Out of 20 K.pneumoniae (60%) were qnr positive (1 qnrA6 and 11 qnrB1) and (60%) were aac-Ib-cr positive. 33.3% harbored the aac-Ib-cr and qnrB1 determinants. Out of all PMQR positive strains, 65% harbored ctx-M-15 gene. It was associated to shv11 in three cases and tem1 in two cases. The predominant types were ST4 (35%) and ST15 (20%). ST 101(15%) and ST 147 (10%) come in second order. one case of each ST14,ST86,ST336 and ST307 were also observed. qnrB1, aac-Ib-cr, Ctx-m-15 can be carried with more than one plasmid in the same bacteria. Conclusion: The co-existing of different genes conferring resistance among the same and different family of antibiotics is a big threat to patient because it limits the therapeutic process. This phenomenon is a problem of concern that needs to improve the resistance surveillance of multi gene carrying K pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130826167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Analysis, Elemental and Amino Acid Composition of Wool and Silk","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.15","url":null,"abstract":"The ash content of wool and silk was determined by burning the corresponding samples. The elemental composition of wool and silk was determined by ICP-mass spectral analysis, 26 macro- and microelements were found. Phosphorus has the maximum content in wool and silk samples, magnesium has the minimum content for wool, and potassium for silk. Chromato-mass spectrometry revealed 17 amino acids in wool and silk samples. Wool is characterized by a high content of phenylalanine, glycine, tyrosine, while silk is characterized by a high content of serine, glycine and threonine. Wool and silk proteins are also balanced in terms of nonessential amino acids. The analysis of the obtained IR spectra of proteins from wool and silk is carried out, absorption bands for the corresponding groups are marked. The corresponding vibrations of the amino groups of the carbonyl group are shown, which have an essential role in the structure of proteins.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"43 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114042404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food and Nutritional Security Impact of Exploiting Opportunities and Developing Strategies in Increase Yam (Dioscorea Spp.) Production in Ethiopia","authors":"Demilew Deres","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.08","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the prospects available and to provide solutions for increasing yam production in Ethiopia. To design strategies to boost production of underutilized food and nutritional security crops like yams in Ethiopia, it is necessary to first understand the gaps and opportunities. Design/Methodology/Approach: I began by reviewing the literature on yam production challenges and solutions from throughout the world. I’ve also looked at the global yam production trend, with a particular focus on Ethiopian yam production. Then I went over and over the yam production constraints in Ethiopia, analyzing them and coming up with strategies to improve yam production. Findings: The availability of a widely diverse landrace, large tracts of arable land, and newly released cultivars holds much promise for Ethiopia’s yam production. Practical Implication: This paper proposes that (1) increasing yam land cover; (2) increasing research investments in seed tuber production technologies and the development of biotic and abiotic stress-resistant varieties; and (3) increasing seed tuber production cooperatives of farmer-preferred varieties will significantly increase yam production in Ethiopia. Theoretical Implication: Efforts to investigate, invest in the development/adoption, and promote the use of yam technology could assist Ethiopia in improving food security by increasing yam production. Originality/Value: Understanding the opportunities and proposing strategies for agricultural research, extension, and development policies in Ethiopia helps them focus on the importance of research, yam technology adoption and extension, and seed producing cooperatives for increased yam productivity and production in Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126176686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Propagation of Clitoria Ternatea L., - A Valuable Medicinal Plant","authors":"C. Mohan, P. Manjula, B. Kumar, B. Naresh, B. Ramadevi, B. Devi","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"Clitoria ternatea L. is commonly known as ‘butterfly pea’ or “shankhapushpi” and it is a traditional ayurveda medicinal plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. The ayurveda drug ‘Shankhapushpi’ is made from the leaves, roots and seeds of Clitoria ternatea and treated as a worthy tonic for nerve disorders. In vitro propagation is an alternative method for proliferation as well as conservation of the plant. The explants are cultured on MS medium containing different concentration and combinations of growth regulators. Multiple shoot buds were regenerated successfully from the nodal explants and efficiently rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA. The regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to the glasshouse, acclimatized and transferred to the field.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122576575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LC-MS/MS Based Label Free Quantitative Shotgun Proteomics Revealed Contrasting Responses of Rice Germplasms towards Salinity and Identified Expression of Redox-Regulatory Proteome","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High throughput proteomic studies are extremely important in investigating reprogramming of gene expression in plants grown under environmental stress. Though there are plenty of evidences of salt inducible proteins characterized through different proteomic investigations in rice, but scant attentions are paid in identifying salt-responsive proteomes in rice that are involved in redox regulation necessary for combating oxidative stress induced by salinity, and hence is the objective of the present investigation. Results: Imposition of post-imbibitional salinity stress (PISS) to the experimental rice cultivars differing in sensitivity towards salinity (Oryza sativa L., Cultivars Patnai and IR29) in general revealed strong correlation between the parameters of oxidative damages (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation) and redox status (endogenous level of total ROS, H2O2, and total radical scavenging properties). Cultivar Patnai with better redox-regulatory attributes at metabolic interface under PISS, exhibited better germination phenotypes (T50 value of germination). The level free quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis through LC-MS/MS identified a number of salinity-responsive proteins, whose abundance changes significantly in response to PISS, particularly for the redox competent and tolerant germplasm Patnai. The greater abundance of expressed proteins is associated with the biological, cellular and molecular processes for the tolerant germplasm Patnai grown under PISS in contrast to its counterpart IR29. Comparative GO analysis of separated proteins revealed an abundance of expressed proteins involved in the regulation of redox homeostasis, like ascorbate-glutathione cycle, hydrogen peroxide metabolic process, hydrogen peroxide –responsive proteins, cellular redox homeostasis, hydrogen peroxide signalling proteins etc. Conclusion: Comparative proteomic investigation through LC-MS/MS identified a number of salinity-responsive proteins whose abundance changes significantly under PISS, particularly for the tolerant rice cultivar Patnai, confirming the role of redox-regulatory proteins in redox–regulation at metabolic interface necessary for salinity tolerance.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122141089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Genetic Resources of Microorganism as Response of Climate Change","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.04.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.04.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying previously unknown genetic loci directing microbial adaptation holds great promise for using such discoveries to increase biomass yield Researchers are using genetic, genomic, and systems biology approaches to screen micro bialgenomes for genes and gene segments linked Such screens could reveal new insight into adaptation and nutrient use Metabolism. Novel pathways and master regulatory genes also may emerge from such investigations. Examples of screening techniques and associated approaches follow. Microbial communities can be analyzed using many techniques; microscopic, cultivation, immunological and nucleic-acid based molecular techniques. During the last years, nucleic-acid based molecular techniques have been used to identify and quantify microorganisms in the environment and technical applications. Most of these techniques are based on the extraction of DNA from cultures, bioreactors or environmental samples, followed by the amplification of extracted DNA using the Polymerase Chain Reaction, and finally analysis of the amplification products. In most of cases, the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of prokaryotic cells is analyzed for the PCR-based identification of bacteria. To address the biodiversity and to identify new species generating evident for Use Genetic Technology to Discover Genes Controlling Biomass with hypothesize that microbe that plays a biological role in adaptations to environmental factors. Where metabolic engineering has been defined as the direct improvement of product formation through the modification of specific biochemical reactions or the introduction of new ones, so it is implementation on microorganism and plant leading to drug discovery. Some critical steps enclose a well-organized and competent way and optimal metabolic engineering Moreover, the use genomics data for the activation of silent metabolic clusters can be incorporated.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128247030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}