Vestnik oftalmologii最新文献

{"title":"[Effect of the amount of inferior rectus muscle recession on lower eyelid position in thyroid eye disease].","authors":"Y O Grusha, M S Sergeeva, S S Danilov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614204114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma202614204114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study evaluated the relationship between the amount of inferior rectus muscle (IRM) recession and subsequent lower eyelid (LE) retraction in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 40 patients (40 eyes) with inactive TED and IRM involvement confirmed by multislice computed tomography of the orbits. All patients underwent IRM recession of 4.5 to 9 mm. Before and after surgery (on days 1 and 7, at 2-3 months, and at 6 months), LE position was photoregistered with the head and gaze in the primary straight position. The distances from the center of the pupil to the lower eyelid margin (MRD2) and from the lower limbus to the eyelid margin (MLD2) were measured using Adobe Photoshop software, with pixels converted into millimeters. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 2.0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the obtained data, lower eyelid position changed on day 1 in 100% of cases, and MRD2 and MLD2 values increased compared with preoperative values. LE retraction significantly increased over time in the postoperative period, reaching maximum values by the third month, further changes were minimal. Analysis of data on day 1 after surgery showed no significant correlation between the amount of IRM recession and the degree of LE retraction. However, analysis at 3-6 months revealed a weak positive correlation: the greater the amount of IRM recession, the higher the degree of LE retraction by this time point.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The degree of LE retraction increases during the postoperative period and reaches maximum values by 3-6 months. After LE position stabilizes at 3 months or later, a weak positive correlation is observed between the amount of IRM recession and the degree of LE retraction. However, its severity appears to depend not only on the amount of recession but also on a complex of individual anatomical features and the degree of tissue involvement in the pathological process.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 4","pages":"14-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Potential of OCT angiography in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment for choroidal melanoma (preliminary results)].","authors":"A S Stoyukhina, S A Smolin","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614202171","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614202171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is an informative method for identifying and evaluating the vascular network of small choroidal melanomas (CM). It is also valuable for monitoring tumor regression and vascular changes after radiation therapy. However, there is only a limited number of studies specifically focused on treated CM.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to determine OCT-A signs associated with different outcomes of eye-preserving treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>OCT-A was performed in 12 patients (12 eyes) after eye-preserving treatment for CM. At the time of examination, the mean follow-up period after treatment was 66 months (ranging from 4 to 374 months). Six patients were examined after brachytherapy, three - after transpupillary thermotherapy, two - after destructive laser photocoagulation, and one - after stereotactic radiosurgery. Image analysis was performed using customized segmentation to improve the accuracy of data interpretation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Large straight vessels were identified in the areas of chorioretinal scars, and at the border between scars and preserved retina there were looped vessels (loss of terminal capillaries with formation of loops). No vascular signal was detected in areas of pigment hyperplasia. Numerous thin vessels forming anastomoses with retinal vessels were observed in regions of residual tumor. Vascular network including arches and arcs appeared in cases of continued tumor growth. Dense vascular networks without a distinct pattern or anastomoses with retinal vessels were detected in areas of reaction to radiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OCT-A is a valuable method for monitoring tumor regression and vascular changes after radiation therapy, but accurate interpretation of its data requires careful customized segmentation. Large-caliber linear vessels should be differentiated from projection artifacts. Moderate tortuosity and large atypical choroidal vessels may represent compensatory remodeling of the vascular bed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 2","pages":"71-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ciliary body medulloepithelioma associated with fungal endophthalmitis (clinical observation)].","authors":"I E Panova, E V Samkovich, A A Pimenova, S L Vorobyev","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614201187","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614201187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents two clinical cases of medulloepithelioma of the nonpigmented epithelium of the ciliary body, an extremely rare congenital intraocular tumor that may follow either a benign or malignant course. In the presented cases, late disease manifestation was observed in the presence of similar medical histories and comparable clinical and instrumental findings; in both cases, histopathological examination revealed fungal flora. The article also discusses epidemiological aspects, clinical manifestations, and morphological features of this pathological condition, aiming to improve early diagnosis and enable organ-preserving treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 1","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dry eye disease in young and middle-aged adults].","authors":"S V Yanchenko, B G Hamroev, A V Malyshev, Sh J Teshaev, E A Kharibova, G R Odilova, S S Davlatov, O K Bekmurodova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma2026142011112","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma2026142011112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to publications from 2016-2025, the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) based on the assessment of clinical signs and symptoms in young and middle-aged adults may exceed 30.8-41.43%, while based on symptoms the prevalence ranges from 41.5% to 55%, highlighting the need for further evaluation and investigation. In these age groups, evaporative DED (DEWS II criteria), corresponding to hypersecretory DED, is more commonly diagnosed. One of its major risk factors is computer vision syndrome, which leads to increased tear film evaporation due to reduced blink rate, an increased number of incomplete blinks, and the development of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Other DED risk factors may include exogenous and systemic stimuli, as well as changes of the ocular surface, including MGD. This article presents an analysis of data on the epidemiology and clinical features of DED in young and middle-aged adults, as well as potential therapeutic strategies, including elimination of modifiable risk factors, differentiated tear replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory treatment, and eyelid hygiene, including the use of Blepharogel Ochischenie cleansing gel, Blepharolosion lotion, Blepharosalfetka wipes, Blepharogel 1, Blepharogel 2, and Blepharogel Forte.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 1","pages":"112-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Modern diagnostic possibilities for peripapillary neovascular membranes. Report 2. Differential diagnostic features].","authors":"I V Andreeva, A S Stoyukhina, S A Smolin, Hamza Viem","doi":"10.17116/oftalma20261420515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma20261420515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemangiomas of the optic nerve head (ONH) is a rare hamartoma that in some cases requires differential diagnosis with peripapillary subretinal neovascular membranes (SNMs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to identify the clinical and tomographic differential diagnostic signs of ONH hemangiomas and juxtapapillary SNMs.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 61 patients aged 22-90 years: 14 eyes with ONH hemangiomas and 58 eyes with SNMs of various etiologies (neovascular age-related macular degeneration, angioid streaks, pachychoroid neovasculopathy, and chronic central serous chorioretinopathy). In addition to standard ophthalmic examination, all patients underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) using the OCT-2 Spectralis system (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ONH hemangiomas were detected in younger patients (46±17 years), whereas SNMs were found in older patients (65-76 years). Hemangiomas were located juxtapapillary, with no preferred side relative to the ONH, whereas SNMs were located predominantly temporal to the ONH and were often bilateral. Retinal thickness at the lesion site was significantly greater in hemangiomas (962±336 µm vs 424-563 µm in SNMs). Subfoveal choroidal thickness in hemangiomas corresponded to the age norm, whereas in SNMs it varied depending on the etiology. OCT showed that ONH hemangiomas were characterized by a \"honeycomb-like\" intraretinal structure, absence of edema over the lesion, and an intact Bruch's membrane; SNMs were characterized by intraretinal edema, pigment epithelial detachment, and accumulation of intraretinal and subretinal fluid. OCT-A showed that vessels in ONH hemangiomas were located in the superficial or deep retinal capillary plexus, whereas in SNMs they were located at the level of the avascular retinal layers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ONH hemangiomas are unilateral lesions detected in young patients and primarily affecting the inner retinal layers with formation of a \"honeycomb-like\" structure. SNMs are more often a bilateral process involving the outer retinal layers and associated with age-related or pathologic choroidal changes. An important differential diagnostic feature is the level of localization of the pathologic vessels on OCT-A. Therefore, comprehensive diagnostics, including ophthalmoscopy, OCT, and OCT-A, are important for diagnosis and for choosing the correct treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 5","pages":"5-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Morphologic types of idiopathic epiretinal fibrosis based on immunohistochemistry data].","authors":"S V Kolesnik, S A Borzenok, D S Ostrovskiy, A S Zhuravlev, A I Kolesnik, M Kh Khubetsova, T Z Kerimov","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614201136","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614201136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The least studied component of idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs), one of the manifestations of which is known as idiopathic epiretinal fibrosis (iERF), is the extracellular matrix (ECM). Investigation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the ECM, as well as the structural organization of its components, may be useful for determining the clinical course of iERF.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify features of the protein profile and architecture of iERMs and to assess various variants of development and clinical course of the disease.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 32 patients who underwent surgery for iERF. Standard ophthalmologic examinations and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed. During surgical treatment, excised tissue was collected for immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Membrane specimens were fixed according to the proposed method of the author, followed by IHC analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three morphological types of iERMs were identified, differing in ECM composition, degree of adhesion to the retinal internal limiting membrane (ILM), postoperative visual acuity and visual quality parameters, and the dynamics of their growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Determination of iERM morphological types using IHC methods may serve as a prognostic factor for postoperative visual acuity and the dynamics of visual recovery in iERF.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 1","pages":"36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema: etiopathogenesis and vitreoretinal surgery as one of the methods of treatment].","authors":"R R Fayzrakhmanov, D V Petrachkov, O A Pavlovskiy, A O Martynov, S N Saraeva","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614202186","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614202186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complications of diabetes mellitus such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) remain major global health concerns. DME leads to swelling of the central retina and consequently to decreased visual acuity. The pathogenesis of these conditions is complex and multifactorial, and continues to be the subject of scientific research. Currently, intravitreal injections of angiogenesis inhibitors are considered the main method of DME treatment. However, their prolonged use may lead to patients developing treatment resistance. With the advancement of vitreoretinal surgery, its therapeutic potential in DME management is being actively explored. In patients with diabetes mellitus and DME, resistance may develop to antivasoproliferative therapy, laser treatment, or dexamethasone implant therapy. Introduction of vitreoretinal surgical techniques into DME management allows for improvement of anatomical and functional outcomes within a short time in patients with this pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 2","pages":"86-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical case of an inherited retinal disease with late manifestation].","authors":"Kh Kh Altemirova, I A Ronzina, A A Plyukhova, N L Sheremet","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614202150","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614202150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rod-cone dystrophy (RCD) is one of the forms of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) caused by photoreceptor degeneration and leading to significant loss of visual function. In some cases, patients with late-onset RCD do not independently report complaints typical of IRDs, and standard and additional ophthalmological examinations performed using conventional methods fail to reveal pathological changes, which complicates and delays diagnosis. This article presents a case of late-onset RCD diagnosed through the active identification of characteristic complaints, thorough medical history taking, and targeted use of modern functional and structural retinal imaging techniques with an extended visualization range.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 2","pages":"50-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Functional aspects of intraocular lens replacement].","authors":"N P Sobolev, O V Fomina, V V Teplovodskaya","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202614204177","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202614204177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in surgical techniques and intraocular lens (IOL) design have reduced the incidence of complications requiring lens removal and replacement. However, complications requiring IOL removal/replacement may still occur in clinical practice. In addition to the main indications for IOL replacement, such as incorrect IOL power calculation, IOL opacification, damage to the IOL haptics, IOL dislocation, decentration, or displacement, there are less common causes associated with disturbing light phenomena, optical aberrations, and low uncorrected visual acuity at preferred viewing distances. We observed 3 patients (4 eyes) who underwent IOL replacement due to disturbing light phenomena and low uncorrected visual acuity at preferred viewing distances. In the first clinical case, an Extended Depth-of-focus IOL was replaced with a trifocal IOL in both eyes. In the second case, a monofocal IOL was replaced with a trifocal IOL. In the third, a bifocal IOL was replaced with a trifocal IOL. All patients noted an improvement in visual acuity at their preferred viewing distances after IOL replacement, complaints of disturbing photic phenomena resolved. The trifocal IOL best met the patients' vision quality needs (in patients without severe corneal, retinal, or optic nerve pathology, and with preserved pupillary function) and ensured spectacle independence. In all three clinical cases, the original IOL was replaced with a trifocal IOL due to its ability to provide spectacle independence at different distances and maximum subjective satisfaction with vision quality. In patients dissatisfied with the refractive performance of monofocal or bifocal IOLs or experiencing disturbing optical phenomena, IOL replacement may be recommended in the absence of retinal pathology, provided that the capsular bag and lens ligaments are intact and the endothelial cell density is sufficient (>1000 cells/mm²).</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"142 4","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Progressive outer retinal necrosis caused by varicella zoster virus].","authors":"A M Ryumin, A A Pavlova, D M Sobchak, I A Otmahova","doi":"10.17116/oftalma202514101199","DOIUrl":"10.17116/oftalma202514101199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ophthalmic herpes zoster is the second most common form of herpes zoster and can lead to complete vision loss. Since necrotizing herpetic retinopathies are relatively rare and often reported as isolated clinical cases, establishing a unified approach to managing such patients is challenging. The aim of this study was to summarize current knowledge on the etiopathogenesis, diagnostic features, and treatment of progressive outer retinal necrosis. A total of 30 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2011 and 2019 and accessible through the EBSCO database were analyzed. The search employed relevant keywords and abbreviations: varicella zoster virus (VZV), herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO), necrotizing herpetic retinopathies (NHRs), and progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN). The results of this analysis present the current understanding of the prevalence, clinical features, and management strategies for progressive outer retinal necrosis caused by VZV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23529,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik oftalmologii","volume":"141 1","pages":"99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}