Veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Establishment and validation of a real-time fluorescent PCR freeze-dried type assay for 11 sheep and goats pathogens","authors":"Liting Ke ,&nbsp;Guangzheng Hou ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Cao ,&nbsp;Yanlei Ding ,&nbsp;Changxu Zhao ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Yingqiu Liu ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Fan ,&nbsp;Qiqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small ruminants are economic mainstay in developing countries because of its direct contribution to food security, but the occurrence of epidemics poses a continuous threat. Early diagnosis can strengthen the prevention of zoonosis. Therefore, a high-sensitivity real-time fluorescent PCR freeze-dried type assay that can be stored and transported at room temperature was developed for 11 sheep and goats pathogens in this study. The results showed that there was no non-specific amplification in systems containing different pathogen positive controls; The areas under the ROC curves were all in the range of 0.99–1.00; The LOD counted by Digital PCR were 194, 96, 84, 40, 265, 68, 208, 236, 118, 53 and 723 copies/mL for <em>M. ovis</em>, Pathogenic <em>Leptospira</em>, <em>C. burnetii</em>, BTV, PPRV, <em>Brucella</em>, exJSRV, <em>C. abortus</em>, ORFV, FMDV and CPV, respectively. The coefficients of variation of both intra-group and inter-group replicate tests were less than 5.00 %; The accelerated thermostatic lyophilization test was used to predict the validity period; The LOD of each positive pathogen was still detected after 6 days at 56 ℃, suggesting that the validity period can be at least 567 days at room temperature. In this study, a high-sensitivity real-time fluorescent PCR freeze-dried type assay that can be stored and transported at room temperature was developed for 11 sheep and goats pathogens, which were <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em> (<em>M. ovis</em>), Pathogenic <em>Leptospira</em>, <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> (<em>C. burnetii</em>), Bluetongue virus (BTV), Peste des pestis ruminants virus (PPRV), <em>Brucella</em>, exogenous jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (exJSRV), <em>Chlamydia abortus</em> (<em>C. abortus</em>), Orf virus (ORFV), Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), and Capripox virus (CPV).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spitz-like tail carriage in two domestic cats","authors":"Morgane J.R. Van Belle ,&nbsp;Noema Gajdoš Kmecová ,&nbsp;Christel P.H. Moons ,&nbsp;Frank A.M. Tuyttens ,&nbsp;Daniel S. Mills ,&nbsp;Tiny C.B.M. De Keuster","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Domestic cats use visual cues to communicate with conspecifics and humans. This includes the position and movement of the tail. The tail up signal (i.e. tail held vertically with the tip curled) has been identified as a friendly greeting signal between cats and from cats to humans. We present here a report of two cats unable to display the classic tail up signal due to Spitz-like (curled) tail characteristics, a morphology not previously reported in the scientific literature. The cats, a British Shorthair (Mn, 2 y) and Domestic Longhair (Fn, 8.5 y), belonged to different households and were participants in a study of intraspecific social interactions. Video recordings show the cats displaying normal tail movements (waving, swishing, twitching) and position when the tail was hanging down. However, once the tail was raised to a vertical position, it immediately curled over the back. This Spitz-like tail posture was displayed both when greeting people and other cats. It had reportedly been present since adoption. There was no underlying medical history of injury or pain to indicate this was an acquired state. We suggest this Spitz-like tail is a spontaneously occurring anomaly, that does not seem to noticeably impair the cats’ communicative abilities, as normal affiliative behaviours were observed during interactions with the cohoused cat. We discuss the significance of this finding in relation to the formation of social bonds and the signalling of affiliative intent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the genetic basis of behavioral traits in dogs: Observed-trait GWAS and latent-trait GWAS analysis reveal key genes and variants","authors":"Maryam Mahmoodi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ayatollahi Mehrgardi ,&nbsp;Mehdi Momen ,&nbsp;James A. Serpell ,&nbsp;Ali Esmailizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dogs exhibit remarkable phenotypic diversity, particularly in behavioral traits, making them an excellent model for studying the genetic basis of complex behaviors. Behavioral traits such as aggression and fear are highly heritable among different dog breeds, but their genetic basis is largely unknown. We used the genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify candidate genes associated with nine behavioral traits including; stranger-directed aggression (SDA), owner-directed aggression (ODA), dog-directed aggression (DDA), stranger-directed fear (SDF), nonsocial fear (NF), dog-directed fear (DDF), touch sensitivity (TS), separation-related behavior (SRB) and attachment attention-seeking (AAS). The observed behavioral traits were collected from 38,714 to 40,460 individuals across 108 modern dog breeds. We performed a GWAS based on a latent trait extracted using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method with nine observable behavioral traits and compared the results with those from the GWAS of the observed traits. Using both observed-trait and latent-trait GWAS, we identified 41 significant SNPs that were common between both GWAS methods, of which 26 were pleiotropic, as well as 10 SNPs unique to the latent-trait GWAS, and 5 SNPs unique to the observed-trait GWAS discovered. These SNPs were associated with 21 genes in latent-trait GWAS and 22 genes in the observed-trait GWAS, with 19 genes shared by both. According to previous studies, some of the genes from this study have been reported to be related to behavioral and neurological functions in dogs. In the human population, these identified genes play a role in either the formation of the nervous system or are linked to various mental health conditions. Taken together, our findings suggest that latent-trait GWAS for behavioral traits in dogs identifies significant latent genes that are neurologically prioritized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does cruciate ligament rupture treatment affect range of motion in dogs?","authors":"S. Pinna,&nbsp;M. Di Benedetto,&nbsp;C. Tassani","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed at evaluating the changes in passive range of motion (ROM) of the stifle joint associated with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture in dogs and assessing whether the surgical treatment carried out on the affected joints affected additional changes. A retrospective cohort study design was used. The clinical records of dogs treated with tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA), tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) and tight rope (TR) were reviewed as were the extension angle (EA), flexion angle (FA) and lameness. The data recorded at T0, before surgery, were compared with the data at 1 month and 6 months post-surgery. The data were classified as normal or abnormal.</div><div>The main results obtained one month after surgery indicated that dogs treated with TTA showed a significant worsening of flexion (the FA was abnormal in 69.6 % of dogs at T0 and 80.4 % at T1 with <em>p</em> = 0.0208). Dogs treated with TPLO achieved asignificant improvement in extension (the EA was normal in 16.7 % of dogs at T0 and in 33.3 % at T1 with <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), and in flexion (the FA was normal in 23.8 % of dogs at T0 and 43.5 % at T6 with <em>p</em> = 0.0434). The dogs treated with TR showed a significant worsening of extension (the EA was abnormal in 68.8 % of dogs at T0 and in 81.3 % at T1 with <em>p</em> = 0.0024). Six months post-surgery, the ROM value was not normal in 100 % of the stifle joints; however, the lameness significantly improved with each procedure. This study confirmed the influence of surgical procedures on changes in ROM and provided useful indications for planning therapy to improve and speed up the postoperative rehabilitation process in dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imipramine in dogs: A pharmacokinetic study following oral administration under fasted and fed conditions","authors":"C. Fadel ,&nbsp;B. Łebkowska-Wieruszewskac ,&nbsp;A. Lisowski ,&nbsp;F. Serih ,&nbsp;A. Poapolathep ,&nbsp;N. Čudina ,&nbsp;M. Giorgi","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the pharmacokinetics (PK) of imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant used in human psychiatric disorders and increasingly considered in veterinary medicine. Despite its longstanding use in canines, prior research on imipramine's PK in dogs is lacking. This study aimed to determine the PK of imipramine in dogs in regards to feeding conditions, and to ascertain whether desipramine (active metabolite) is formed or not. In this study, six male Labrador dogs underwent oral administration (1.5 mg/kg) of imipramine tablets (10 mg each; Tofranil®, Novartis) in both fasted and fed conditions. Dogs were randomly allocated to one of two treatment groups, employing an open, single-dose, two-treatment, two-phase, cross-over design, with a washout period of one week. Blood was drawn from the left cephalic vein to heparinized tubes at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, and 48 h. Plasma concentrations were quantified using a validated HPLC method, and the data were analyzed using PKanalix™ software with a non-compartmental approach.</div><div>Concentrations of imipramine remained quantifiable up to 1.5 hr after administration under both conditions. Desipramine, in both feeding states, was detectable for a short duration, but not quantifiable. No significant differences were observed in the PK parameters of imipramine between the fasting and fed states. The rapid attainment of maximum concentration (C_max) occurred within 0.25 h, indicating a swift absorption rate. Notably, the terminal half-life in dogs was remarkably short at 0.25 h, prompting a re-evaluation of dosing strategies. Considering the recommended therapeutic plasma concentrations in humans, the administered dose might result in effective levels for a brief period of time. Future research should explore intravenous administration, multiple-dose studies, and metabolic investigations to further elucidate imipramine's PK in dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of general anaesthesia on body temperature of dogs subjected to ovariohysterectomy or orchiectomy performed by veterinary students in a teaching hospital","authors":"N. Wenham ,&nbsp;L.C.P. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypothermia during anaesthesia is a significant concern in veterinary practice, as it can lead to various complications, making it essential to understand the factors that contribute to temperature regulation in animals undergoing surgical procedures. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the change in body temperature over the course of anaesthesia in dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy and orchiectomy, and determine the effect of gender, dose of premedication, weight, age and duration of anaesthesia of the change of body temperature over time. One-hundred and ten dogs (n=110) that underwent elective ovariohysterectomy (n=75) and orchiectomy (n=35) surgery performed by veterinary students at the University of Adelaide were enrolled in this study. Dogs’ anaesthesia records were evaluated for change in body temperature over the course of anaesthesia, and correlated with gender, two premedication doses of acepromazine (mg/kg), body weight (kg), age (months) and anaesthesia times (minutes). The analyses were performed at TPm (temperature at premedication), T0 (induction), T15, T30, T60, T90, T120 and TRec (recovery) minutes. Statistical analysis was performed using the GenStat software and included repeated measures analysis and ANOVA. Significance was considered when p &lt; 0.05. The data showed a significant time-by-gender interaction with female dogs experienced a greater degree of heat loss than male dogs at T60 (p&lt;0.01), T90 (p&lt;0.01) and T120 (p&lt;0.01). At recovery, female average temperature was higher than in males (p&lt;0.01). There was no significant difference in body temperature when other covariates were used in the analysis. The core body temperature of female dogs decreased significantly over time compared to males, with the most pronounced differenced during the intraoperative period. However, the study’s retrospective nature and limited sample size may influence the generalizability of these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental factors of equine osteochondrosis and fetlock osteochondral fragments: A scoping review – Part 1","authors":"B. Van Mol ,&nbsp;M. Oosterlinck ,&nbsp;S. Janssens ,&nbsp;N. Buys ,&nbsp;F. Pille","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various environmental and genetic risk factors are linked to the pathogenesis of equine osteochondrosis and osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joint. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to describe current evidence linking genetic factors and environmental factors of these osteochondral disorders. This article constitutes the first part of this scoping review and focuses on environmental factors, with the second part addressing genetic factors. To identify potentially relevant papers online bibliographical databases PubMed and Web of Science were utilised, supplemented with articles listed on the OMIA website (OMIA:000750–9796). After entry collection, removing duplicates, screening titles, abstracts, and full-text documents for eligibility, and manually searching reference lists of the remaining articles, a total of 212 studies was identified for this scoping review. First, an overview of the current understanding of the etiopathogenesis of equine osteochondrosis and osteochondral fragments in the fetlock joint is given. Subsequently, the article delves into the environmental factors associated with the prevalence of these disorders, which are categorized into foetal programming, biomechanical trauma and exercise, growth, anatomic conformation, nutrition, weaning, hormonal factors, bacterial infection, sex, date of birth, and other environmental factors. In conclusion, future research should adopt a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing longitudinal studies and precise phenotype definitions. This strategy will help elucidate the complex relationships between environmental factors and OC, DOF, and POF, considering the dynamic nature, varying phenotypes, and scarcity of research in some domains of these osteochondral disorders. This approach will be crucial in developing effective management strategies aimed at improving equine orthopaedic health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of maternal bromoform supplementation in late gestation on blood parameters of cows and their progeny","authors":"M. Dasari ,&nbsp;C.J. Keller ,&nbsp;B.R. Costa Alves ,&nbsp;K.M. Wenham ,&nbsp;C.L. Trengove ,&nbsp;S.J. Lee ,&nbsp;W.S. Pitchford ,&nbsp;N.W. Tomkins ,&nbsp;M. Caetano","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bromoform supplementation has been successful in reducing enteric methanogenesis in ruminants; however, the impacts on the health of these animals are still limited. The current study evaluates the impact of maternal bromoform supplementation on the health of late-gestation cows and their progeny. Pregnant Angus cows (<em>n</em> = 42) were allocated into a control or bromoform group (<em>n</em> = 21 cows per treatment). Bromoform extracted from <em>Asparagopsis armata</em> (7,372 mg/kg) was supplemented once daily. Blood samples were collected from cows before supplementation (baseline). Within 24 h of parturition, blood and colostrum samples were collected from each cow and blood from neonates. Colostrum brix was measured to indicate immunoglobulin content. All data was analysed using the MIXED procedure in SAS.</div><div>Supplementation of cows with bromoform resulted in increased blood urea to creatinine ratio (<em>P</em> = 0.048), base excess (<em>P</em> = 0.049), total carbon dioxide (TCO₂; <em>P</em> = 0.048) and a decrease in blood glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH; <em>P</em> = 0.031) compared to the control group. For cows in the bromoform group, a trend was observed for higher levels of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO₂; <em>P</em> = 0.070) and bicarbonate (HCO₃^-; <em>P</em> = 0.052), and lower levels of partial pressure of oxygen (pO₂; <em>P</em> = 0.058) compared to the control group. Blood gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was elevated in offspring of cows fed bromoform (<em>P</em> = 0.050). The lower blood pO₂ of pregnant cows fed bromoform and elevated blood GGT levels in offspring are not well understood and highlight the need for further investigation. Additionally, the low-dose bromoform supplementation affected various blood gas parameters of cows and calves, demonstrating the importance of monitoring these parameters when using different doses of halogenated compounds in livestock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of colistin following intravenous, and single and repeated oral dosing in domestic geese (Anser anser domesticus)","authors":"Krzysztof Bourdo ,&nbsp;Charbel Fadel ,&nbsp;Mario Giorgi ,&nbsp;Anna Gajda ,&nbsp;Magdalena Bilecka ,&nbsp;Amnart Poapolathep ,&nbsp;Beata Łebkowska-Wieruszewska","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colistin, also known as polymyxin E, is a member of the polymyxin group of antibiotics. It is approved in Europe to treat enteric infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as <em>Escherichia coli,</em> in poultry, although the similarity of infections between species make it likely used off-label in geese as well.This study investigated the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of colistin in geese through <em>in vivo</em> experiments. The study involved longitudinal open studies on 16 healthy adult male geese, divided into three phases separated by one-month washout period. Geese were administered colistin via intravenous (IV, 1 mg/kg), single oral (PO, 30 mg/kg), and multiple oral (SID, 2.5 mg/kg for five consecutive days) routes, with blood samples drawn at specific intervals. Tissue samples were also collected at pre-assigned times for subsequent analysis. Colistin levels in geese plasma were quantified using a fully validated UHPLC-MS/MS method.</div><div>Plasma concentrations could be quantified up to 24 h for the single PO (n= 2) and IV (n= 4) routes, and up to 10 h (n= 6) from the last dose administered for the multiple PO route (n=6). The bioavailability was significantly low, averaging 3 %. The terminal half-life in geese was 2.18 h following IV administration, similar to values found in other avian species. Following IV administration, clearance and volume of distribution values were 0.11 mL⋅h⁻¹⋅g⁻¹ and 0.41 mL⋅g⁻¹, respectively. The body extraction ratio was low at 0.2 %, indicating minimal hepatic and renal elimination of colistin. Multiple oral doses showed no plasma accumulation, and tissue levels consistently remained below the maximum residue limit (MRL) set for food-producing animals. This study highlights the minimal systemic bioavailability and tissue penetration of colistin in geese, consistent with findings in other poultry and mammals. Future research should focus on intestinal colistin content in geese to optimize dosing strategies and minimize anti-microbial resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023324001849/pdfft?md5=6bb1cf743b0c93a273e3074699585960&pid=1-s2.0-S1090023324001849-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose titration of intravenously administered gamma-hydroxybutyric acid for sedation in Holstein-Friesian calves","authors":"C. Cuypers ,&nbsp;B. Alonso ,&nbsp;M. Devreese ,&nbsp;S. Schauvliege","doi":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a short-chain fatty acid that can potentially provide safe, prolonged sedation with minimal cardiorespiratory effects. This preliminary trial, performed in 10 three-week-old male Holstein-Friesian calves, investigated the effects of GHB administered intravenously over 5 min at a dose of 100 (G100, <em>n</em>=2), 150 (G150, <em>n</em>=4) or 200 mg/kg (G200, <em>n</em>=4). Once lateral recumbency was achieved, scores for sedation depth (range: 0 = no sedation to 3 = marked) and response to noxious stimulation (range: 0 = strong to 3 = absent), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and arterial blood gases were monitored every 15 min until sternal recumbency. Times from end of administration to lateral recumbency and return to sternal/standing positions were recorded. Dose G100 resulted in mild sedation and ataxia without decubitus. Doses G150 and G200 respectively resulted in time to lateral recumbency 8 ± 2 and 9 ± 3 min, lasting 189 ± 41 and 283 ± 29 min, while overall median (range) scores for sedation were 3 (1−3) and 3 (2−3) respectively and response to noxious stimulation 0 (0−3) and 0 (0−3) respectively. The mean ± SD for HR was 110 ± 10 and 106 ± 11 bpm respectively; for MAP 87±9 and 94±5 mmHg respectively; and for RR 28 ± 5 and 26 ± 5 bpm respectively. The mean ± SD for arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) at these two dose rates was 74 ± 6 and 74 ± 2 mmHg respectively, while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide oxygen (PaCO₂) was 53 ± 3 and 47 ± 0.8 mmHg respectively. Based on these preliminary results we conclude that GHB has the potential to be used as a long-acting sedative in calves. Further studies are needed to confirm this.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23505,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary journal","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 106246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}