Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Fowl Cholera in Chickens: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Phenotypic Drug Resistance in Gondar City, Ethiopia.","authors":"Abdo Megra Geda","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6613019","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/6613019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethiopia, with an estimated chicken population of 17 million, serves as a source of high-quality animal protein, helping to reduce malnutrition, improve nutritional status, and provide food and food products. However, Ethiopia has not fully leveraged the value of chicken production due to various bacterial diseases, with fowl cholera (FC) being the most common. Therefore, the objective of this review is to highlight the current trends in the diagnosis of FC in chickens and asses its phenotypic drug resistance patterns in Gondar City. FC is an infectious disease caused by <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> (<i>P. multocida</i>), which poses significant health and financial losses to the poultry industry. Culturally, the bacterium <i>P. multocida</i> can be isolated using bacteriological and biochemical tests from chicken infected with FC. Molecular-based techniques such as capsular and lipopolysaccharide genotyping, as well as nucleic acid amplification tests through PCR assays, are also among the best methods used to detect <i>P. multocida</i>. In conclusion, understanding the current trends in diagnosing FC and assessing its phenotyping drug resistance, which helps in choosing effective antibiotics in Gondar City, is essential. It is also important to assess the disease-associated factors that enhance the occurrence of the disease, in addition to providing the disease preventive and control measures and vaccination programs based on the diagnosis of its causative agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6613019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Population Dynamics of <i>Clinostomum</i> spp. Using Comprehensive Bioinformatics Approaches.","authors":"Sk Injamamul Islam, Mohamed H Hamad, Wanarit Jitsamai, Channarong Rodkhum, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6924523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6924523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clinostomum</i> species, a parasitic pathogen of freshwater fish, is widely distributed and infects various host species. Recently, the pathological effect due to <i>Clinostomum</i> metacercarial infection was described in aquaculture in Thailand; however, the global genetic diversity and population structure of this species have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a detailed description of genetic diversity and population dynamics of the digenean <i>Clinostomum</i> isolated from <i>Trichopodus pectoralis</i> with globally recorded <i>Clinostomum</i> species. The species was characterized molecularly by analyzing 18S rDNA and inter-transcribed spacer biomarker genes (ITS1 and ITS2). A BLAST search discovered that the 18S rDNA and ITS sequence had a 100% sequence similarity with <i>Clinostomum piscidium</i> isolated from India and Thailand. A comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of 12 distinct haplotypes among the <i>Clinostomum</i> populations. This study suggests that distinct patterns of genetic variation were identified by analyzing molecular variance, pairwise Fst, and employing structure analysis. It was observed that a gradient of genetic variation exists within continents, characterized by higher levels within different groups and lower levels of genetic differentiation. Additionally, a notable presence of mixed haplotypes was observed. The results of neutrality testing suggest that there has been a significant expansion in the populations of <i>Clinostomum</i> in India, America, and Kenya. The discoveries from this study will provide a valuable contribution to comprehending the genetics and evolution of <i>Clinostomum</i> species. Furthermore, key findings will be essential in developing efficient management approaches to prevent and control this parasite.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6924523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hydatidosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Bishoftu Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia, and Assessment of Its Economic Loss and Community Awareness.","authors":"Tesfaye Bekele, Nigate Fentaw, Ayichew Teshale, Solomon Mosu","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6938807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6938807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hydatid disease is a zoonotic disease caused by the intermediate stage of dog tapeworm <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i>. <b>Objectives:</b> The study investigated the prevalence of hydatid cysts and the risk factors in cattle slaughtered at the Bishoftu municipal abattoir. It also analyzed the economic loss and community's awareness of this matter. <b>Animals</b>: 480 cattle brought for slaughtering were included in the study. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 in Bishoftu municipal abattoir involving antemortem examination of cattle and postmortem hydatid cyst investigation, assessment of associated economic loss, and community awareness survey. Animals were selected systematically and cysts were investigated using standard meat inspection procedures. <b>Results:</b> 10.4% of the slaughtered cattle were found positive for hydatid cysts, with no statistically significant association with the considered risk factors. From 85 collected cysts, the lungs accounted for 55.3%, the liver for 29.4%, and the remaining 15.3% were from the spleen, kidney, and heart. About 47.1% of the cysts were fertile and 52.9% were infertile, of which, 37.5% were nonviable. In a survey of 100 individuals, 33.0% were unaware of hydatid disease, and 61.0% were unaware that the disease is zoonotic. Annual economic loss due to the case was estimated at 5,444,564.4 ($97,224.4). <b>Conclusion:</b> This study identified hydatid disease as a significant issue in cattle in Bishoftu, indicating the need for preventative and control measurements. Strategies such as deworming, controlling street dogs, establishing standardized abattoirs, and raising public awareness should be applied to alleviate the problem in Bishoftu and nationwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6938807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices on Antimicrobial Use in Animals Among Livestock Sector Stakeholders in Kenya.","authors":"Jack O Omolo, Ruth Omani, Mark A Caudell, Tabitha Kimani, Stella Kiambi, Folorunso O Fasina","doi":"10.1155/2024/8871774","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8871774","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Antimicrobials are used on farms to manage livestock diseases. In many developing countries, antimicrobial use (AMU) is insufficiently controlled, and antimicrobials are prone to misuse and abuse, thereby fostering the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR remains a challenge in Kenya, and the extent remains unknown. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding AMU among multisectoral stakeholders in Kenya. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2021 among 381 livestock farmers in Busia, Nakuru, and Isiolo Counties, while 47 animal health service providers (AHSPs) and 32 One Health practitioners (OHPs) were enrolled across Kenya. The data collection tool uploaded on KoBoCollect software was used to collect information on demographics, farming systems, KAP on AMR and AMU, and sources of information. Descriptive statistics were performed. Knowledge was either correct or incorrect, while practices were assigned as desirable or undesirable. Bivariable analysis to assess factors associated with KAP using odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence level (CL). The Pearson correlation test was conducted to test the correlation between demographic independent variables and farmers' KAP, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Most farmers, 234 (61.4%), were young adults between 30 and 49 years old. Additionally, 48.9% of the farmers had less than 5 years of experience in farming. Among the AHSPs, 76.6% were male, with 21 (44.7%) having 2-5 years of experience. All (32) OHPs had over 15 years of experience. Correct knowledge in AMR/AMU was observed in 52.6% of the farmers, 88.2% of AHSPs, and all OHPs. Desirable practices were observed in 133 (34.9%) of farmers, 22 (45.1%) of AHSPs, and 25 (76.4%) of OHPs. Among the farmers, having basic education was associated with correct knowledge (OR 4.07, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=0.0007); however, being male (OR 1.584, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=0.0456) and having a higher education level (OR 1.582, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=0.0165) were associated with desirable practices. There was a significant positive correlation between having correct knowledge and level of education (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), years of farming, and correct knowledge (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). However, years of farming negatively correlated with the desirable practices (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). Farmers' preferred sources of information regarding AMR/AMU were friends 130 (33.9%), farmer meetings/workshops 99 (25.9%), and radio 41 (10.7%). AHSPs obtain information from scientific conferences/trainings (17) (65.4%), workshops (13) (50.0%), and TV and radio (12) (46.2%), while OHSPs mostly get information through college training (14) (58.3%) and workshops (8) (33.3%). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Correct knowledge of AMR/AMU did not result in adopting the desirable practices. A better understanding of the socioeconomic aspects of welfare, good livestock production measures, and AMU stewardship will be desired. This study provides a foundation for ","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8871774"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11599476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Biomarkers and Their Importance in Canine Enteropathies.","authors":"Iago Martins Oliveira, Rafaela Rodrigues Ribeiro, Maria Eduarda Cardoso Cysneiros, Larissa Barbosa Torres, Vanessa Rezende Moraes, Lucas Rodrigues Ferreira, Wanessa Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva, Murilo Rodrigues de Souza, Rafael Antônio Lopes Xavier, Paulo Renato Dos Santos Costa, Danieli Brolo Martins, Naida Cristina Borges","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7409482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/7409482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enteropathies are prevalent in dog internal medicine, and their diagnosis involves a lengthy process. One of the tests requested is for biomarkers, which are important as they can provide data on intestinal functionality, intensity of inflammation, and response to treatment, and can help determine the prognosis. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on the main serum and fecal intestinal biomarkers in dogs and proposed to refine the correlations between these indicators and enteropathies. It was observed that the main biomarkers used in the intestinal evaluation of dogs were alpha 1-proteinase inhibitory factor, immunoglobulin A, methylmalonic acid, serum folate, serum cobalamin, C-reactive protein, fecal and serum calprotectin, and dysbiosis index. However, we suggest that more research be carried out to clarify the relationship between enteropathies and intestinal biomarkers. We noticed a lack of studies on specific intestinal markers and indicator variables in healthy dogs and those with various enteropathies; moreover, no data are available on the association of these laboratory parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7409482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrtional and Phytochemical Characterstics of Fruits and Vegetable Wastes as Livestock Feed: A Case Study in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Mitiku Yohannes, Yisehak Kechero, Yilkal Tadele","doi":"10.1155/2024/4427876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4427876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit and vegetable producers were creating a large amount of waste in homes, cafeterias, and agroprocessing units. The majority of this waste is composted and disposed in landfills and waterways. Recycling these wastes as animal feedstuffs will lessen food-feed competition and minimize environmental hazards. This study was carried out in the Gamo zone of southern Ethiopia, in the heart of the southern rift valley, to ascertain the nutritional profiles of fruit and vegetable by-products in relation to livestock feed potentials. All fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) samples were collected from homes, marketing facilities, restaurants, and waste disposal facilities. Proximate, detergent fiber component, minerals, and antinutritional factors were among the analyses performed on the collected samples. The results showed that, highest CP values recorded from banana leaf, 15.8 ± 0.8 (%DM) followed by avocado peel (14 ± 0.8) among fruit by-products and that of highest values of vegetable components were obtained from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> strip (20.6 ± 1.25) sweet potato (18.5 ± 1.55), respectively. The highest ME (MJ/kg DM) contents obtained from avocado and mango by-products among fruit wastes, while that of highest values recorded for cassava and potato peel (12.2 ± 0.4) and (11.3 ± 0.1) among vegetable components, respectively. The antinutrients included in FVW, namely, tannin, oxalate, and phytate, did not exceed the maximum permissible level for animal needs, which is less than 5% of DM. The macro- and micromineral profiles of these by-products also show encouraging results that contribute to maintaining the mineral needs of farm animals. FVW can be a viable and alternative source of supplemental feed for farm animals that primarily rely on low-quality natural pasture and crop residues, and can partially replace more expensive feedstuffs and their efficient reuse would minimize environmental impacts associated with the disposal of such wastes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4427876"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Bovine Hydatidosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Nekemte Municipal Abattoir, Western Ethiopia.","authors":"Abdu Muhammed, Yobsan Tamiru, Felmata Kenei, Nezif Zenu","doi":"10.1155/2024/4978078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4978078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydatidosis (cystic echinococcosis) is one of the major serious parasite infectious diseases that cause poor weight gain and organ condemnation, which contributes to Ethiopia's low cattle industry production. A cross-sectional study was performed at the Nekemte Municipal Abattoir, Western Ethiopia, from October 2020 to August 2021 with the aim of determining the prevalence of bovine hydatid cysts, assessing the related risk factors, and evaluating the organ level of distributions of the cysts. An antemortem examination and postmortem examination were performed as usual on all 220 chosen slaughtered cattle. We evaluated the organs of systemically selected cattle through visual inspection and palpation. Of the total number inspected, 44 (20%) had one or more hydatid cysts in one or more of their organs. Both age and sex of the cattle were significantly associated with the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis (<i>X</i> ² = 5.928; <i>p</i> = 0.015; and <i>X</i> ² = 4.086; <i>p</i> = 0.043, respectively) among the risk factors evaluated. 44 (20%) of the 220 animals evaluated were positive for hydatidosis. In terms of organ distribution, the liver accounted for 27 (61.4%), the lung for 16 (36.3%), and the spleen for 1 (2.3%). 34 (55.8%) of the 62 cysts counted and characterized were found in the liver, 27 (53.6%) in the lung, and 1 (2.3%) in the spleen. 22 (35.5%) of the 62 cysts collected were calcified, and 31 (50%) were found to be fertile. Of the 31 fertile cysts discovered, 7 (22.6%) were found in the liver, 23 (74.2%) in the lungs, and 1 (2.3%) in the spleen. Hydatidosis is still one of the most critical diseases that need careful consideration for prevention and control measures in the East Welega Zone, even with the moderate level of infection currently detected. This is because there appears to be a socioeconomic environment that is conducive to the disease. Therefore, the installation of regulated, well-equipped abattoirs, public awareness campaigns, and stray dog control are crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4978078"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and Serological Detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in Dairy Cattle From Sylhet, Bangladesh: Implications for Zoonotic Transmission.","authors":"Md Mukter Hossain, Md Masudur Rahman, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Hemayet Hossain, Ruhena Begum, Md Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Md Rafiqul Islam, Md Bashir Uddin","doi":"10.1155/2024/3653654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3653654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and molecular detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>M. tuberculosis</i>) in dairy cattle using ELISA and PCR techniques. A total of 500 samples (250 blood and 250 milk) were collected from various farms in Sylhet, Bangladesh. The seroprevalence was found to be 5.6% in blood samples, with PCR confirming 1.60% and 2.80% positivity in blood and milk samples, respectively. These findings highlight the zoonotic potential and public health significance of <i>M. tuberculosis</i> in cattle, suggesting a need for integrated One Health surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3653654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Agricultural, Livestock, Poultry and Fish Sectors: COVID-19 Impact on Agriculture, Livestock, Poultry and Fish Sectors.","authors":"Yashpal Singh Malik, Mohd Ikram Ansari, Rasha Gharieb, Souvik Ghosh, Ratan Kumar Chaudhary, Maged Gomaa Hemida, Dayan Torabian, Farzad Rahmani, Hadis Ahmadi, Pouneh Hajipour, Sina Salajegheh Tazerji","doi":"10.1155/2024/5540056","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5540056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>COVID-19 pandemic is considered a global crisis that adversely impacted the world economy. The virus possessed a serious threat to different sectors including agricultural, livestock, poultry and fish sectors in both developing and developed countries. COVID-19 pandemic and the associated lockdown for a long period have not only caused enormous distress to the millions of poor and marginal farmers for saving their crops and/or livestock but also affected livestock, poultry production systems and associated value chains, nutrition, health care and labour availability. In addition, COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the fishery sector through disruption in fish supply and value chains and had noteworthy effects on income of fish stakeholders, especially in developing countries. In this regard, the current review discussed the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural, livestock, poultry and fish sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5540056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11537744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal Wellness: The Power of Multiomics and Integrative Strategies: Multiomics in Improving Animal Health.","authors":"Ratan Kumar Choudhary, Sunil Kumar B V, Chandra Sekhar Mukhopadhyay, Neeraj Kashyap, Vishal Sharma, Nisha Singh, Sina Salajegheh Tazerji, Roozbeh Kalantari, Pouneh Hajipour, Yashpal Singh Malik","doi":"10.1155/2024/4125118","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4125118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The livestock industry faces significant challenges, with disease outbreaks being a particularly devastating issue. These diseases can disrupt the food supply chain and the livelihoods of those involved in the sector. To address this, there is a growing need to enhance the health and well-being of livestock animals, ultimately improving their performance while minimizing their environmental impact. To tackle the considerable challenge posed by disease epidemics, multiomics approaches offer an excellent opportunity for scientists, breeders, and policymakers to gain a comprehensive understanding of animal biology, pathogens, and their genetic makeup. This understanding is crucial for enhancing the health of livestock animals. Multiomic approaches, including phenomics, genomics, epigenomics, metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics, and metaproteomics, are widely employed to assess and enhance animal health. High-throughput phenotypic data collection allows for the measurement of various fitness traits, both discrete and continuous, which, when mathematically combined, define the overall health and resilience of animals, including their ability to withstand diseases. Omics methods are routinely used to identify genes involved in host-pathogen interactions, assess fitness traits, and pinpoint animals with disease resistance. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) help identify the genetic factors associated with health status, heat stress tolerance, disease resistance, and other health-related characteristics, including the estimation of breeding value. Furthermore, the interaction between hosts and pathogens, as observed through the assessment of host gut microbiota, plays a crucial role in shaping animal health and, consequently, their performance. Integrating and analyzing various heterogeneous datasets to gain deeper insights into biological systems is a challenging task that necessitates the use of innovative tools. Initiatives like MiBiOmics, which facilitate the visualization, analysis, integration, and exploration of multiomics data, are expected to improve prediction accuracy and identify robust biomarkers linked to animal health. In this review, we discuss the details of multiomics concerning the health and well-being of livestock animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4125118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}