Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Age-Related Cognitive and Volumetric Changes in the Brain of African Grasscutter (<i>Thryonomys swinderianus</i> (Temminck, 1827)).","authors":"Hounakey M Afanvi, Maman You Esperance Broalet, Ouattara Niemtiah, Yaovi James, Brahima Doukoure, Neme Antoine Tako, Kossi Metowogo, Kwashi Eklu-Gadegbeku, Kodjo Aklikokou","doi":"10.1155/vmi/3349981","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/3349981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The African grasscutter (AGC) (<i>Thryonomys swinderianus</i>) is the second largest rodent in sub-Saharan Africa. It is bred for its organoleptic and culinary properties but also serves as a research model. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age-related changes in brain weight, brain volume, and spatial and nonspatial memory performance in the AGC. A total of forty-two (42) captive-derived AGCs were divided into seven age groups: 6 neonates (6 days), 6 juveniles (1 month), 6 pubertals (3 months), 6 subadults (8 months), 6 young adults (2 years), 6 middle adults (4 years), and 6 old adults (5 years). The subjects were given a series of tests to assess their spatial memory (location test) and their nonspatial memory (object recognition test). Brain samples were then collected using basic neuroanatomical techniques. The weight and volume of the brain samples were determined and their encephalization quotient (EQ) was also calculated. The results showed that spatial and nonspatial memory in AGC develops into adulthood and then declines with age. Mean brain weight increased from neonates to mid-adulthood (5.20 ± 0.31 g-11.76 ± 0.23 g) and decreased in older AGC (11.75 ± 0.22 g). In contrast, the mean weight of the olfactory bulb (OB) increased from neonates to young adults (0.28 ± 0.02 g-0.80 ± 0.03 g) and the cerebellum increased from neonates to older (0.59 ± 0 0.01 g-1.86 ± 0.06 g). Finally, the EQ decreased with age (0.73 ± 0.05-0.29 ± 0.01). Mean brain volume increased with age from neonates to young adult (5 mL-11.25 mL). Conversely, the mean volume of the OB and cerebellum increases from neonates to older age (0.33 ± 0.03 mL-0.95 ± 0.04 mL). This study shows that spatial and nonspatial memory declines during the aging process in AGC. Neonates and juveniles have higher cognitive abilities than adults and older AGC. The weight of the brain, OB, and cerebellum increases from neonates to adult and decreases slightly from middle to old adults. However, the volume of the OB and cerebellum increases with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3349981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Utilization and Its Implications Among Ruminant Farmers and Stakeholders in Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia.","authors":"Nurul Jannah, Fahrunnisa, Yudith Vega Paramitadevi, Heryudianto Vibowo, Fariz Am Kurniawan, Nurul Amri Komarudin, Aceng Hidayat","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6519659","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/6519659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in antimicrobial resistance is a vital concern, and various factors, such as the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture, have contributed to its development and spread. Livestock farmers, veterinarians, and pharmacies are key prescribers of antibiotics for disease prevention, control, and treatment of ruminant animals. A qualitative study in the Sumbawa District examined their awareness, attitudes, and practices concerning antibiotic use, residues, and resistance, underscoring their vital role in tackling this challenge. The study utilized nine key informant interviews, sixteen in-depth interviews, a single focus group discussion, and on-farm observations using semistructured formats and thematic analysis to identify and explore themes. This revealed a common practice of antibiotic self-medication among ruminant farmers in the Sumbawa Regency, driven by limited knowledge and leading to medicine store purchases based on advice from veterinary paraprofessionals or for unregulated self-treatment. Factors contributing to antibiotic misuse include trust in veterinary paraprofessionals, economic limitations, lack of targeted antiresistance programs, and insufficient regulation of antibiotic sales. Enhancing veterinary paraprofessionals' awareness of their ethical duties, launching educational programs for actors, providing financial support for these initiatives, and strict enforcement of regulations by the local government are strategies that could collectively promote responsible antibiotic use and stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6519659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Ozonated Jerusalem Artichoke Ointment on the Healing of Surgically Created Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wounds in Rabbits.","authors":"Ali Ghazi Atiyah, Mustafa Salah Hasan, Maher Saber Owain","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9966943","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9966943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jerusalem artichoke (J.A.) tubers contain compounds that exhibit anti-inflammatory effects and can minimize tissue damage. Ozone is an alternative antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agent for promoting tissue regeneration. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the ozonated J.A. ointment on a surgically created full-thickness cutaneous wound in rabbit models. The previously prepared J.A. ointment was ozonated using a Herrmann generator, followed by a subsequent evaluation of its physical and antibacterial properties. Thirty healthy male albino rabbits were used in this study. The animals were divided into two equal groups: the control and treated group. An excisional wound model was used to assess wound healing activities. All of the animals underwent surgical preparation of their dorsal surfaces, and excisional lesions of 3 cm in diameter were created on each animal's dorsal surface of the thoracolumbar region. In the control group, the wounds were left untreated. The animals in the treatment group received a topical application of ozonated J.A. ointment twice daily for five days following the injury. The animals were euthanized on Days 7, 14, and 21 after the injury for histological evaluation. The agar well diffusion method demonstrated the antimicrobial efficacy of the ozonated J.A. ointment. Also, macroscopic and histopathological results showed a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase in wound area contraction with enhancement re-epithelization in the treated group compared to the control group. In conclusion, the ozonated ointment derived from J.A. tubers has antibacterial properties and can promote and enhance the wound healing process.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9966943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Serum Protein Profile in Laying Hens Housed in a Cage-Free System.","authors":"Csilla Tóthová, Edina Sesztáková, Blanka Galiková, Veronika Glembová, Veronika Oršuľaková, Oskar Nagy","doi":"10.1155/vmi/4135744","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/4135744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to characterize the distribution of serum proteins in laying hens reared under cage-free open farm conditions and to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of serum protein fractions throughout the 1-year laying period. Ten Dekalb White white-egg-laying hens were blood sampled from the wing vein at 17, 22, 29, 38, 50, 60, and 70 weeks of age. Egg laying was observed at 18 weeks of age. The average daily egg production in the initial phase of laying (week 22) was 6.3, reaching the maximum (8.5 eggs) in week 38. After a slight decrease, from week 60, the egg production increased repeatedly and stayed relatively constant till the end of the study (8.1-8.3 eggs). The serum samples were analyzed for the concentrations of total proteins and the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins. Five protein fractions were identified on the serum protein electrophoretogram of the hens, including albumin, <i>α</i> ₁-, <i>α</i> ₂-, <i>β</i>-, and <i>γ</i>-globulins. The size and shape of the fractions differed significantly according to the stage of the laying period. Significant changes were detected in the ratio of all individual protein fractions as well as in the concentrations of total proteins and protein fractions. The concentrations of total proteins, albumin, <i>α</i> ₂-, <i>β</i>-, and <i>γ</i>-globulins decreased significantly after the beginning of egg production compared to values recorded before laying (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and started to increase after reaching the maximum egg production in week 38. The A/G ratios were higher before and at the beginning of the laying period, and the lowest values were obtained in weeks with the highest egg production. These findings suggest that the beginning of egg production is the most critical period in the laying cycle of hens reared under alternative farming conditions characterized by the most marked alterations in the serum protein profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4135744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Molecular Identification of <i>Coenurus cerebralis</i> in Sheep and Goats in Mpwapwa District, Tanzania: Factors to Consider in Control Plans.","authors":"Veneranda Philipo, Athumani Msalale Lupindu, Jahashi Saidi Nzalawahe","doi":"10.1155/vmi/5055115","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/5055115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral coenurosis is a significant disease that affects sheep and goats worldwide. Studies conducted in northern and southern Tanzania have determined its magnitude and determinants. However, limited information from other regions of the country hinders the development of comprehensive national control plans. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, knowledge, risk factors, and molecular identity of <i>Coenurus cerebralis</i> in sheep and goats in Mpwapwa District, Tanzania, in order to establish the preliminary status of the disease in the central regions. Data were collected through postmortem examinations of 84 sheep and 295 goat heads for cysts, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing for species identification, and a structured questionnaire of 303 small ruminant keepers for knowledge and identification of risk factors. The overall prevalence of cerebral coenurosis in sheep and goats was 13.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 10.3-17.2). In goats, the prevalence of cerebral coenurosis was comparatively higher 15.9% (95% CI 11.9-20.6) than in sheep 4.8% (95% CI 1.3-11.8) (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the origin of sheep and goats (Chipogoro: odds ratio (OR) = 7.54, 95% CI 1.96-28.97, and Iwondo: OR = 3.90, 95% CI 1.04-14.61) as a risk factor. The average knowledge score among small ruminant keepers on disease detection was 60.7%, on disease infection cycle and control was 10.85%, and on zoonotic potential was 1.39%. Phylogenetic analysis of Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (CO1) gene partial nucleotide sequences revealed the two distinct clusters of <i>Taenia multiceps</i>, one from Saudi Arabia in 2021 and another from Egypt in 2018, Peru in 2017, and China in 2016. These findings suggest cerebral coenurosis is locally widespread and highlight the importance of considering animal movement patterns, livestock keeper's knowledge, and good husbandry practices when planning for control measures of cerebral coenurosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5055115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fowl Cholera in Chickens: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Phenotypic Drug Resistance in Gondar City, Ethiopia.","authors":"Abdo Megra Geda","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6613019","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/6613019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethiopia, with an estimated chicken population of 17 million, serves as a source of high-quality animal protein, helping to reduce malnutrition, improve nutritional status, and provide food and food products. However, Ethiopia has not fully leveraged the value of chicken production due to various bacterial diseases, with fowl cholera (FC) being the most common. Therefore, the objective of this review is to highlight the current trends in the diagnosis of FC in chickens and asses its phenotypic drug resistance patterns in Gondar City. FC is an infectious disease caused by <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> (<i>P. multocida</i>), which poses significant health and financial losses to the poultry industry. Culturally, the bacterium <i>P. multocida</i> can be isolated using bacteriological and biochemical tests from chicken infected with FC. Molecular-based techniques such as capsular and lipopolysaccharide genotyping, as well as nucleic acid amplification tests through PCR assays, are also among the best methods used to detect <i>P. multocida</i>. In conclusion, understanding the current trends in diagnosing FC and assessing its phenotyping drug resistance, which helps in choosing effective antibiotics in Gondar City, is essential. It is also important to assess the disease-associated factors that enhance the occurrence of the disease, in addition to providing the disease preventive and control measures and vaccination programs based on the diagnosis of its causative agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6613019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Population Dynamics of <i>Clinostomum</i> spp. Using Comprehensive Bioinformatics Approaches.","authors":"Sk Injamamul Islam, Mohamed H Hamad, Wanarit Jitsamai, Channarong Rodkhum, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6924523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6924523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clinostomum</i> species, a parasitic pathogen of freshwater fish, is widely distributed and infects various host species. Recently, the pathological effect due to <i>Clinostomum</i> metacercarial infection was described in aquaculture in Thailand; however, the global genetic diversity and population structure of this species have not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a detailed description of genetic diversity and population dynamics of the digenean <i>Clinostomum</i> isolated from <i>Trichopodus pectoralis</i> with globally recorded <i>Clinostomum</i> species. The species was characterized molecularly by analyzing 18S rDNA and inter-transcribed spacer biomarker genes (ITS1 and ITS2). A BLAST search discovered that the 18S rDNA and ITS sequence had a 100% sequence similarity with <i>Clinostomum piscidium</i> isolated from India and Thailand. A comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of 12 distinct haplotypes among the <i>Clinostomum</i> populations. This study suggests that distinct patterns of genetic variation were identified by analyzing molecular variance, pairwise Fst, and employing structure analysis. It was observed that a gradient of genetic variation exists within continents, characterized by higher levels within different groups and lower levels of genetic differentiation. Additionally, a notable presence of mixed haplotypes was observed. The results of neutrality testing suggest that there has been a significant expansion in the populations of <i>Clinostomum</i> in India, America, and Kenya. The discoveries from this study will provide a valuable contribution to comprehending the genetics and evolution of <i>Clinostomum</i> species. Furthermore, key findings will be essential in developing efficient management approaches to prevent and control this parasite.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6924523"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hydatidosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Bishoftu Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia, and Assessment of Its Economic Loss and Community Awareness.","authors":"Tesfaye Bekele, Nigate Fentaw, Ayichew Teshale, Solomon Mosu","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6938807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6938807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hydatid disease is a zoonotic disease caused by the intermediate stage of dog tapeworm <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i>. <b>Objectives:</b> The study investigated the prevalence of hydatid cysts and the risk factors in cattle slaughtered at the Bishoftu municipal abattoir. It also analyzed the economic loss and community's awareness of this matter. <b>Animals</b>: 480 cattle brought for slaughtering were included in the study. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to April 2023 in Bishoftu municipal abattoir involving antemortem examination of cattle and postmortem hydatid cyst investigation, assessment of associated economic loss, and community awareness survey. Animals were selected systematically and cysts were investigated using standard meat inspection procedures. <b>Results:</b> 10.4% of the slaughtered cattle were found positive for hydatid cysts, with no statistically significant association with the considered risk factors. From 85 collected cysts, the lungs accounted for 55.3%, the liver for 29.4%, and the remaining 15.3% were from the spleen, kidney, and heart. About 47.1% of the cysts were fertile and 52.9% were infertile, of which, 37.5% were nonviable. In a survey of 100 individuals, 33.0% were unaware of hydatid disease, and 61.0% were unaware that the disease is zoonotic. Annual economic loss due to the case was estimated at 5,444,564.4 ($97,224.4). <b>Conclusion:</b> This study identified hydatid disease as a significant issue in cattle in Bishoftu, indicating the need for preventative and control measurements. Strategies such as deworming, controlling street dogs, establishing standardized abattoirs, and raising public awareness should be applied to alleviate the problem in Bishoftu and nationwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6938807"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices on Antimicrobial Use in Animals Among Livestock Sector Stakeholders in Kenya.","authors":"Jack O Omolo, Ruth Omani, Mark A Caudell, Tabitha Kimani, Stella Kiambi, Folorunso O Fasina","doi":"10.1155/2024/8871774","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8871774","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; Antimicrobials are used on farms to manage livestock diseases. In many developing countries, antimicrobial use (AMU) is insufficiently controlled, and antimicrobials are prone to misuse and abuse, thereby fostering the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR remains a challenge in Kenya, and the extent remains unknown. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding AMU among multisectoral stakeholders in Kenya. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The cross-sectional survey was conducted in August 2021 among 381 livestock farmers in Busia, Nakuru, and Isiolo Counties, while 47 animal health service providers (AHSPs) and 32 One Health practitioners (OHPs) were enrolled across Kenya. The data collection tool uploaded on KoBoCollect software was used to collect information on demographics, farming systems, KAP on AMR and AMU, and sources of information. Descriptive statistics were performed. Knowledge was either correct or incorrect, while practices were assigned as desirable or undesirable. Bivariable analysis to assess factors associated with KAP using odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence level (CL). The Pearson correlation test was conducted to test the correlation between demographic independent variables and farmers' KAP, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Most farmers, 234 (61.4%), were young adults between 30 and 49 years old. Additionally, 48.9% of the farmers had less than 5 years of experience in farming. Among the AHSPs, 76.6% were male, with 21 (44.7%) having 2-5 years of experience. All (32) OHPs had over 15 years of experience. Correct knowledge in AMR/AMU was observed in 52.6% of the farmers, 88.2% of AHSPs, and all OHPs. Desirable practices were observed in 133 (34.9%) of farmers, 22 (45.1%) of AHSPs, and 25 (76.4%) of OHPs. Among the farmers, having basic education was associated with correct knowledge (OR 4.07, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=0.0007); however, being male (OR 1.584, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=0.0456) and having a higher education level (OR 1.582, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;=0.0165) were associated with desirable practices. There was a significant positive correlation between having correct knowledge and level of education (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001), years of farming, and correct knowledge (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). However, years of farming negatively correlated with the desirable practices (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001). Farmers' preferred sources of information regarding AMR/AMU were friends 130 (33.9%), farmer meetings/workshops 99 (25.9%), and radio 41 (10.7%). AHSPs obtain information from scientific conferences/trainings (17) (65.4%), workshops (13) (50.0%), and TV and radio (12) (46.2%), while OHSPs mostly get information through college training (14) (58.3%) and workshops (8) (33.3%). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Correct knowledge of AMR/AMU did not result in adopting the desirable practices. A better understanding of the socioeconomic aspects of welfare, good livestock production measures, and AMU stewardship will be desired. This study provides a foundation for ","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8871774"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11599476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Biomarkers and Their Importance in Canine Enteropathies.","authors":"Iago Martins Oliveira, Rafaela Rodrigues Ribeiro, Maria Eduarda Cardoso Cysneiros, Larissa Barbosa Torres, Vanessa Rezende Moraes, Lucas Rodrigues Ferreira, Wanessa Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva, Murilo Rodrigues de Souza, Rafael Antônio Lopes Xavier, Paulo Renato Dos Santos Costa, Danieli Brolo Martins, Naida Cristina Borges","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7409482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/7409482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enteropathies are prevalent in dog internal medicine, and their diagnosis involves a lengthy process. One of the tests requested is for biomarkers, which are important as they can provide data on intestinal functionality, intensity of inflammation, and response to treatment, and can help determine the prognosis. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on the main serum and fecal intestinal biomarkers in dogs and proposed to refine the correlations between these indicators and enteropathies. It was observed that the main biomarkers used in the intestinal evaluation of dogs were alpha 1-proteinase inhibitory factor, immunoglobulin A, methylmalonic acid, serum folate, serum cobalamin, C-reactive protein, fecal and serum calprotectin, and dysbiosis index. However, we suggest that more research be carried out to clarify the relationship between enteropathies and intestinal biomarkers. We noticed a lack of studies on specific intestinal markers and indicator variables in healthy dogs and those with various enteropathies; moreover, no data are available on the association of these laboratory parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7409482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}