Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Outbreak Investigation, Isolation, and Molecular Characterization of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in Cattle from North West Oromia Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Workisa Chala, Kasaye Adamu, Hawa Mohammed, Getaw Deresse, Shimelis Tesfaye, Esayas Gelaye","doi":"10.1155/2024/6038724","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6038724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically significant viral disease because of its high morbidity and high production loss. Vaccination of cattle using LSD vaccines is a more effective disease preventive and control strategy in endemic countries such as Ethiopia. Despite high vaccination coverage, there is an increasing number of field reports of the disease outbreaks. Thus, an observational study was designed to investigate disease, characterize the disease-causing agent, and isolate the virus from a local isolate for future vaccine development. Wera Jarso and Amuru districts in North West Oromia were chosen based on outbreak occurrence. For this study skin, 13 pooled biopsy samples were collected from affected cattle. In this outbreak investigation, the morbidity rate was 6.50%, the mortality rate was 0.50%, and the case fatality rate was 7.77%. The virus was isolated from all skin samples on both lamb testis and lamb kidney primary cells and confirmed to be LSDV using conventional and real-time PCR genotyping. Therefore, after each suspected LSD outbreak, a molecular test should be carried out to confirm the cause of the disease, targeting the previously suggested RPO30 or GPCR genes. Further studies targeting more regions and outbreaks, including full genome sequencing to check for genetic differences between the field viruses and vaccine strains, are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6038724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Manifestation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Peste des Petits Ruminants in Local Iraqi Breed Sheep in Al-Diwaniyah Province.","authors":"Khalefa A Mansour, Muthanna H Hussain, Saad H Al-Husseiny, Asaad J Abid, Qassim H Kshash","doi":"10.1155/2024/5579913","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5579913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), a contagious virus that infects sheep and goats, damages livestock globally. This study examined the clinical features and phylogenetic analysis of the PPR virus in Iraqi breed sheep from Al-Diwaniyah province. A clinical trial of 610 sheep from different flocks found 150 oral lesions. Special primers for RT-PCR and Mega11 for phylogenetic analysis were used to study the PPR virus nucleoprotein (N) gene. The PPR infection rate was 44.6% in 4-12 month olds (<i>n</i> = 33/131) and 4.8% in 36-48 month olds (<i>n</i> = 3/75). A 608-bp PPR virus partial N gene sequence was found in 49.3% of samples by RT-PCR. In leucine, isoleucine, proline, glycine, alanine, glutamine, asparagine, threonine, serine, arginine, and lysine codons, 25 amino acid alterations were found. The protein codon 56 alanine-valine alteration was most significant. Moving from a smaller hydrophobic amino acid to one with a bigger side chain may reduce protein stability. Steric hindrance or protein shape change from Valine's extended side chain may impact folding, stability, functionality, and interactions with other molecules. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis showed that the Nigerian strain (MN271586) was most similar to our Iraqi strain, with 100% identity and coverage. This study found the Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) virus in sheep flocks in Al-Diwaniyah Governorate, Iraq, which is genetically similar to neighboring countries. PPR virus strains must be monitored and genetically characterized since N gene alterations can affect infection and propagation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5579913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Macleaya</i> Extract versus Pregabalin Therapeutic Effectiveness for Neuropathic Pain in Dogs.","authors":"Saowanee Petchnamthong, Titiyaporn Krambunlue, Nirut Suwanna","doi":"10.1155/2024/9939754","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9939754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dogs suffer from neuropathic pain due to several neurological disorders, particularly intervertebral disc disease. We aimed to identify alternative therapeutics for neuropathic pain relief in dogs by comparing the treatment efficacy of pregabalin and <i>Macleaya</i> extract against neuropathic pain from cervical spinal hyperesthesia caused by intervertebral disc disease in dogs. We evaluated 10 dogs suffering from cervical intervertebral disc disease for neuropathic pain using the filament von Frey aesthesiometer (VFA). The dogs were randomly divided into two groups, G1 (<i>n</i> = 5) was treated with 4 mg/kg of pregabalin/12 hours orally for 14 days, and G2 (<i>n</i> = 5) was treated with 15 mg/kg <i>Macleaya</i> extract once daily orally for 14 days. To detect neuropathic pain, the VFA was used to measure the sensory threshold (ST) on days 0, 7, and 14. The results revealed decreases in all ST outcomes with no significant differences between the groups on day 14 posttreatment, as well as a decrease in the severity of neurological disease in both groups on day 7 posttreatment. No significant differences were detected in hematological and biochemical profiles (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum creatinine (SCR), urea nitrogen (BUN), and total protein (TP)) in both groups between pre- and posttreatment were not significantly different. The <i>Macleaya</i> extract can reduce neuropathic pain in a similar pattern to pregabalin. <i>Macleaya</i> extract may be effective for the treatment of neuropathic pain in dogs with spinal hyperesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9939754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical Principles of Palliative Care in Veterinary Oncology: Alleviating the Suffering of the Animal, Owner, and Veterinarian.","authors":"Beatriz F Paz, Marília G P A Ferreira, Ketlyn R Martins, Lucas Uccella, Andrigo Barboza de Nardi","doi":"10.1155/2024/5565837","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5565837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Palliative care for pets is a developing area that encompasses animals with cancer and other chronic and degenerative diseases.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To elucidate the guiding principles of palliative care in veterinary oncology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article was structured from an extensive literature review and addresses the growing need for improved palliative care in veterinary medicine. Methods of quality of life assessment in animals with cancer, owner education, and the importance of an interdisciplinary team approach are discussed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Palliative care aims to improve the animal's quality of life, alleviating its physical, emotional, and social suffering. Through attentive communication, palliative care also seeks to alleviate owners suffering from the moment of diagnosis to mourning the patient's death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The importance of offering palliative care alongside anticancer techniques and treatments should not be underestimated and should ideally use a multidisciplinary team approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5565837"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11260215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induced Ruminal Lactic Acidosis in Sheep Treated with Various Remedial Agents in Libo Kemkem Districts, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Balemual Abebaw, Achenef Melaku, Shimelis Dagnachew","doi":"10.1155/2024/5595475","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5595475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Grain overload is a ruminant metabolic disorder associated with overingestion or a sudden change to rapidly fermentable concentrate feeds.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>A randomized clinical trial was carried out in Libo Kemkem districts to investigate vital signs, ruminal fluid, and hematological changes in sheep related to grain overload and to assess the treatment efficacy of various remedial agents in Farta sheep breeds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All sheep were selected by using the simple random process, and categorized into four groups of eight animals groups I, II, and III in which each sheep was given 80 g of wheat flour per kg of body weight then baking soda, Magnalax, and digestive powder were treated successively, but group IV was the negative control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current clinical trial explained that all acidotic sheep had statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.0002) lower body temperature, rumen motility, protozoa activity, and ruminal fluid pH with 38.48 ± 0.20, 0.5 ± 0.89, 6 (75%), and 5.37 ± 0.34 mean value successively. Nevertheless, there were significant (<i>p</i> < 0.0059) increments in hematological variables including total red blood cell, total white blood cell, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin estimation with 14.05 ± 1.27, 12.71 ± 0.99, 40.78 ± 5.24, and 14.78 ± 1.83 mean value, respectively, before treatment in acidotic sheep. There were also vital sign increments including pulse rate, respiratory rate, skin turgor, and capillary refill time with 123.5 ± 27.1, 73.75 ± 12.71, 3 ± 1.78, and 3.37 ± 1.77 mean values, respectively, before medical treatment in acidotic sheep. Digestive powder was the first drug of choice, followed by Magnalax, and baking soda was ranked at the end based on clinical recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The treatment effectiveness illustrated that all treatments could cure the grain overload. Nevertheless, digestive powder is the drug of choice based on the clinical and systemic recovery of the sheep. In addition to this, sheep should be introduced gradually to concentrate rations over 2-3 weeks with a mixture of concentrate in the milled feed containing roughage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5595475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11257759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic Analysis of the Beef Cattle Digits Slaughtered after 114 Days of Confinement.","authors":"Wanessa Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva, Paulo José Bastos Queiroz, Paulo Henrique Jorge da Cunha, Antônio Dionísio Feitosa Noronha Filho, Emmanuel Arnhold, Juliano José de Resende Fernandes, Kaique de Souza Nascimento, Naida Cristina Borges","doi":"10.1155/2024/5512555","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5512555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foot disorders are responsible for up to 5% of confinement losses. Identifying the cause of lameness and applying the correct treatment are crucial measures. The possibility of determining the probable origins of digital lesions, their extension, and assistance in cases in which it was not possible to reach a definitive clinical diagnosis demonstrates that the radiographic evaluation provides information of great importance on cattle digits. Thus, this study aimed to investigate possible radiographic changes in the hoof, bone structures, and soft tissues of the digits of Nelore bulls at the end of the confinement period. Regarding the main signs, 100% (<i>n</i> = 24) showed proliferation of enthesophytes and osteophytes and irregular contours, 62.5% (<i>n</i> = 15) enlargement of vascular channels, 37.5% (<i>n</i> = 9) osteolysis, 33.4% (<i>n</i> = 8) gas content in the white line region, 20.84% (<i>n</i> = 5) gas content in the dorsal lamina region, and 4.16% (<i>n</i> = 1) presented palisade periosteal reaction. Ten (41.7%) out of 24 (100%) animals evaluated at the end of the confinement presented lameness, three animals of score three, four animals of score two, and three animals of score one. The higher the score indicating the severity of the signs observed in the visual assessment of the radiographs, the higher the internal angle values (moderate correlation of 0.5 and <i>p</i> < 0.05). A higher prevalence of osteo-proliferative radiographic changes was identified at the end of the 114-day confinement period in the third phalanx of Nellore cattle even in animals that had no lameness.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5512555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11226336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Thai Dairy Farmers on the Use of Antibiotics.","authors":"Niorn Ratanapob, Aksorn Saengtienchai, Theera Rukkwamsuk","doi":"10.1155/2024/5553760","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5553760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotics have been used regularly in dairy farms by veterinarians; however, they were also used occasionally by farmers without any veterinary prescriptions. Because knowledge, attitude, and practice are important for sustainable antibiotic use, the levels of these aspects among farmers and associated factors should be determined to improve antibiotic use in dairy farming. The study was carried out in 89 Thai dairy farmers, using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The questions were scored and the total scores were calculated for each aspect. Factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were identified using the multivariate linear regression. The mean scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 62%, 86%, and 78%, respectively. Higher education, participation in a training related to antibiotic use, and being supervised by the Veterinary Teaching Hospital Nong Pho were associated with a higher knowledge score (<i>p</i> < 0.050). Farmers with less experience received a higher attitude score (<i>p</i> = 0.020). Acquiring antibiotic knowledge from other farmers was associated with a lower practice score (<i>p</i> = 0.005). A positive association was found between knowledge and attitude scores (<i>p</i> = 0.021) and practice and attitude score (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Due to the insufficient knowledge on antibiotic use, there is a need to fill the gap to ensure prudent antibiotic use by farmers. Recommendations including training farmers by veterinarian to perceive the prudent antibiotic uses, encouraging young generation with higher education to participate in dairy farming, providing antibiotic use protocols, and decreasing the availability of antibiotics should be implemented to limit overuse by farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5553760"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11226334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaplasmosis in Simmental Cattle in the Peruvian Amazon.","authors":"Hugo Frias, Luis Murga, William Bardales, Vanessa Frias, Segundo Melecio Portocarrero-Villegas, Tatiana Segura Portocarrero, Miguel Arista, José Américo Saucedo-Uriarte","doi":"10.1155/2024/4634440","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4634440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaplasmosis, transmitted biologically and mechanically, is one of the most prevalent diseases responsible for high production costs worldwide. In this research, the prevalence and risk factors of anaplasmosis in Simmental cattle raised in the Peruvian Amazon were evaluated. 266 blood samples were collected from bovines of different categories such as calves male, calves females, heifers <1.3 years, heifers >1.3 years, steers, bulls, and cows from the districts of Omia and Molinopampa. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to detect antibodies against <i>Anaplasma marginale</i>. Of the 266 animals sampled, 67% were positive for A. marginale. A higher prevalence was determined in the district of Omia (99.3%), while in the district of Molinopampa, 28.7% was obtained. A prevalence of <i>A. marginale</i> was recorded in females (67.7%) and in males (64.8%) (<i>p</i> > 0.05). There is a significant association of the disease with the category of cattle, verifying the highest prevalence of <i>A. marginale</i> in calves male, heifer >1.3 years, and bull. The multiple correspondence analysis shows that San Mateo, Puma Marca, Mashuyacu, Primavera, and Los Olivos have a higher prevalence of anaplasmosis, associated with altitude of 1701-2000 m, spray baths and paddock rotation. Anaplasmosis is prevalent in Simmental cattle from the Peruvian Amazon, with a higher incidence in Omia and in females, considering May to August the critical months and the altitude less than 2000 meters above sea level.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4634440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11208101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Lumpy Skin Disease in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from 2007 to 2023.","authors":"Balemual Abebaw","doi":"10.1155/2024/9991106","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9991106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important, transboundary viral disease of cattle caused by LSD virus. This systematic review and meta-analysis are concerned with summarizing the status of lumpy skin disease in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature searches between 2007 and 2023 were conducted using different database searches: Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct, and then the required information were extracted. A random effect model was used to pool estimates of prevalence at 95% CI. Publication bias was assessed by applying funnel plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled estimated prevalence of LSD was 54% (95% CI: -0.09-1.18), with individual study prevalence ranging from 6 to 89%. Subgroup analysis showed that the random pooled prevalence of LSD was 28% (95% CI: -1.48-2.03) in Ethiopia, 37% (95% CI: -3.79-4.52) in Uganda, 88% (95% CI: -0.11-1.28) in Zimbabwe, and 58% (95% CI: -6.96-8.72) in Egypt. No single study was documented from western and northern Africa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The estimated pooled LSD prevalence was investigated as high and indicated nonsignificant variation among study countries. Thus, vaccination of cattle, quarantine, and biting insect control should be applied to control the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9991106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11168804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Rhythms Fluctuate the Treatment Effects of Intravesical Treatments on Rat Urinary Frequency Models.","authors":"Tomofumi Watanabe, Takuya Sadahira, Yusuke Tominaga, Yuki Maruyama, Naoya Nagasaki, Takanori Sekito, Kohei Edamura, Toyohiko Watanabe, Motoo Araki, Masami Watanabe","doi":"10.1155/2024/6505595","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6505595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>It is still not clear how the intravesical instillation of drugs affects rat urinary frequency. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of intravesical treatments' treatment effect on rat urinary frequency models by real-time and extended monitoring using a novel continuous urination monitoring system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine eleven-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups to receive intravesical instillation of 0.1% acetic acid (AA), 1.0% AA, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Thirty minutes later, these drugs were voided, and rats were moved to a continuous urination monitoring system, UM-100. UM-100 monitored rat urination quantitatively and continuously for 24 hours. Rats were then euthanized, and histopathologic examinations using a damage score validated the severity of bladder inflammation. We used nine additional rats to determine the treatment effect of various drugs against the urinary frequency. These rats were also treated with 1.0% AA in the same way and divided into three groups (<i>n</i> = 3 each) to receive intravesical instillation of lidocaine, silver nitrate (AgNO₃), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively. Thirty minutes later, rats were catheterized again and moved to the UM-100, and their voiding was monitored for 24 hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intravesical instillation of AA increased the urinary frequency and decreased the mean voided volume (VV) in a concentration-dependent manner, with statistical significance at a concentration of 1.0% (urinary frequency; <i>p</i>=0.0007, mean VV; <i>p</i>=0.0032, respectively) compared with PBS. Histopathological analysis of these models demonstrated a significantly higher damage score of bladder mucosa in both 0.1% AA and 1.0% AA compared with PBS, with the severity in concordance with the clinical severity of urinary frequency (0.1% AA: <i>p</i> < 0.0001, 1.0% AA: <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Moreover, intravesical instillation of lidocaine, AgNO₃, and DMSO decreased the urinary frequency. Continuous monitoring with UM-100 also demonstrated that the treatment effect of these intravesically instilled drugs occurred only at night.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The extended monitoring of rat urination by UM-100 revealed a significant fluctuation in the treatment effect of intravesically instilled drugs between day and night. These findings may help establish novel therapies for urinary frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6505595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}