Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"A Study on Indigenous Knowledge on Animal Disease and Medicinal Plants Used in Animal Disease Management in Benatsemay Woreda, South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.","authors":"Asrat Solomon Kenasew, Yebelayhun Mulugeta Tesfaye, Bakalo Basa Langana, Mulugeta Kusa Masha","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9951667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/9951667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study was conducted in South Omo Zone, Benatsemay Woreda of South Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia from July 2023 to June 2024 to assess and document the indigenous knowledge on animal disease and medicinal plants used to manage animal diseases. The study population was individual healers who were residents of Benatsemay Woreda with different sociodemographic characteristics. An ethnoveterinary botanical survey was conducted to gather information on the traditional usage of plants in the livestock healthcare system. Information was collected by direct interview with 40 known traditional healers and 8 key informants. Animals reared in the area include cattle, goats, sheep, poultry, equine, dogs, and cats. The animals were ranked based on their population number and importance to the livelihood of the family. Accordingly, cattle are ranked first based on both criteria. Diseases of animals prevailing in the study area were identified and ranked based on their morbidity and mortality rates as well. From the diseases of cattle, CBPP is ranked first based on both morbidity and mortality rates via pairwise ranking. Among the diseases of goats, CCPP and salmonellosis were important diseases. The prevalent sheep disease is ovine pasteurellosis with the highest mortality rate. Among poultry diseases, NCD, fowl cholera, and fowl pox were the dominant diseases in the area. Epizootic lymphangitis and rabies were the most important diseases in equine and dogs/cats, respectively. Traditional healers use different plant species to treat these diseases. Twenty-three plant species were collected, preserved, and botanically named. Root, leaves, seeds, and other plant parts were recorded that could be employed to treat sick animals. The most widely practiced administration of medicinal plant preparations was the oral administration of infusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9951667"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectoparasites of Camels <i>(Camelus dromedaries)</i> in Afar Pastoral Areas of Ethiopia.","authors":"Angesom Hadush Desta","doi":"10.1155/vmi/5550074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/5550074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Camel external parasites are important health problems that have the potential to affect camel welfare and productivity. A cross-sectional study using ectoparasitic examination and key informant interviews was done in camels (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) in some districts of Afar region, Northeast Ethiopia, to investigate major external parasites and to collect the required information. A total of 384 camels were examined for the presence of any external parasite and 368 (95.8%) of them were infested at least with one of the different genera of ticks, sucking lice, Sarcoptes mange, and a camel nasal fly called <i>Cephalopina titillator</i>. Tick infestation (89.1%) followed by mange (36.7%) were the main ectoparasites found in the study area. Mixed infestations of ticks with mange (30.2%) and ticks with lice (19.8%) were higher than the other types of camel ectoparasite infestation. Around 1424 male and female ticks were collected and identified as the genera of <i>Amblyomma</i>, <i>Hyalomma</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus</i>, and <i>Boophilus</i>. A higher incidence and spread of external parasites have occurred in areas having cross-border salt trade by camels and mixing of herds at the feeding and watering points. Hence, education on modern camel husbandry and management to the camel owners and regular antiparasitic treatment and preventive measures has to be conducted continuously.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5550074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Analysis and Bioinformatics Assessment of Full-Length L1 Gene of Bovine Papillomavirus Type-1 as a Potential DNA Vaccine Study.","authors":"Hassan Hadi Abdul-Zahra, Yahia I Khudhair, Husam Raheem Al-Hraishawi","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6785087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6785087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Papillomaviruses (PVs) infect animals and humans and are linked to 27%-30% of cancers. The L1 protein is a cornerstone in bovine PVs (BPVs), being the main components of the viral capsid and playing pivotal roles in infectivity and antigenicity. <b>Objective:</b> The current study aims to characterize the genetic variation in the L1 gene of the BPV, explore in silico the protein structure, predict epitopes, and evaluate the impact of mutation on the epitope conservancy. <b>Methods:</b> Fifty tumor samples were collected from cattle with papilloma lesions from Babylon, Wasit, and Al-Qadisiyah provinces, Iraq. Samples were submitted to PCR to amplify the complete L1 gene. Phylogeny was performed to assess the L1 gene. Various bioinformatics tools were utilized to analyze physicochemical properties, secondary structure of the deduced protein, and predict immunodominant epitopes for B and T cells. <b>Results:</b> BPV DNA was detected in 42 (84%) samples. Sequence analysis of 10 samples revealed that BPV-1 was the predominant type circulating in study regions. Phylogeny demonstrated that analyzed strains were aligned with a distance value of 1%-15% to strains of delta PVs. Amino acid characterization indicated two amino acid mutations compared with reference strain (X02346.1) including SER31/ASN and Ala 55/ASP. The 3D model revealed L1 that formed from hexameric subunits, each subunit with six loops. ALA 55/ASP substitutions are located in the Loop1. The predicted B- and T-cell epitopes showed that L1 protein has highly potent epitopes and can be a promising target for nucleic acid vaccine design to elicit an anti-BPV humeral and cellular immune response. <b>Conclusions:</b> The current investigation has provided crucial insights into BPV-1 type and diversity in the middle provinces of Iraq. These predominant strains have been identified and registered at NCBI for the first time. The amino acid mutations in the L1 protein have been highlighted. The conserved T- and B-cell epitopes that can detect BPV-1 type have been stablished. Finally, this project is the initial phase of creating a DNA-based vaccination for preventative and treatment purposes against BPV-related illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6785087"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Dynamic Compression Angle-Stable Interlocking Intramedullary Nail: Description, Validation, and Model Evaluation.","authors":"Luís Gustavo Gosuen Gonçalves Dias, Thiago André Salvitti Sá Rocha, Caio Afonso Santos Malta, Bruno Watanabe Minto, Alefe Luiz Caliani Carrera","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7875699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/7875699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stabilization of long-bone fractures using intramedullary nails offers significant biological advantages for bone healing. Nevertheless, the mechanical stability of the implant-bone interface remains suboptimal due to the absence of models capable of generating interfragmentary compression at the fracture site. To address these limitations, this study aims to describe and evaluate a novel dynamic compression angle-stable interlocking intramedullary nail (DCASIN), designed for use in conjunction with a compression device (CD). Its performance was compared with conventional and angle-stable interlocking intramedullary nails. Implantation was demonstrated using a tube-based bone model with transverse fractures. Compression was achieved in the proximal aspect of the DCASIN through an oblong hole that allowed the insertion of a Steinmann pin, which was then subjected to the thrust of the CD's primary screw (PS). To evaluate dynamic compression, a load cell connected to the Arduino/Genuíno Uno software was utilized. Three groups of interlocking nails were assessed: G1 (conventional), G2 (angle-stable), and G3 (DCASIN), with measurements taken at four time points (M1: prelocking, M2: after the first screw or PS for the DCASIN, M3: after the second implant, and M4: one-minute post-M3). No statistically significant differences in compression forces were observed for G1 and G2 across the measured time points. In contrast, G3 exhibited significantly higher compression at M2 than at M3 and M4, and its compression forces at M2, M3, and M4 were significantly greater than those in G1 and G2. Finite element analysis revealed no significant deformation in G3 during compression. In conclusion, the DCASIN combined with the CD achieved and sustained superior compression forces compared to conventional and angle-stable nails, thereby offering a promising alternative for the internal fixation of long bones.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7875699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Isolated Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses Circulating in Cattle in The Mekong Delta Provinces, Vietnam.","authors":"Nguyen Phuc Khanh, Tran Duy Khang, Nguyen Thanh Lam, Chau Thi Huyen Trang, Le Trung Hoang","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6680850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/6680850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-footed livestock caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). FMD has significant impacts on farmers and national economies. The evolution and mutation of FMDV have contributed to the emergence of new strains of FMDV. Sequences of VP1 from 11 FMDV isolates in the Mekong Delta Provinces were obtained by Sanger sequencing technology. The phylogenetic analysis of VP1 sequence elucidated that 8 FMDV isolates including O-VN-CTU-VL01 (PP897837), O-VN-CTU-VL02 (PP897838), O-VN-CTU-TV01 (PP897840), O-VN-CTU-TV02 (PP897841), O-VN-CTU-TV03 (PP897842), O-VN-CTU-TV04 (PP897844), O-VN-CTU-BT04 (PP897847), and O-VN-CTU-BT05 (PP897847) were clustered into Group 1. On the other hand, 3 FMDV isolates including O-VN-CTU-BT01 (PP897844), O-VN-CTU-BT02 (PP897844), and O-VN-CTU-BT03 (PP897844) were clustered into Group 2. In addition, the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of VP1 in Group 1 were closely related to lineage Mya-98, topotype SEA, and Type O (89%-93% nucleotide identity and 91%-99% amino acid identity). The similarity of FMDV isolates in Group 2 was closely related to lineage Pan Asia, topotype ME-SA, Type O (91.13%-94.53% and 96%-99.44% nucleotide and amino acid similarities, respectively). Analysis of amino acid sequences of VP1 illustrated several substitution mutations detected at amino acid positions 133-158 (the main antigenic site) in lineages Mya-98 (O/SEA) and Pan Asia, (O/ME-SA). Notably, a substitution mutation at position M144V was detected in FMDVs O-VN-CTU-VL1 (PP897837) and FMDV O-VN-CTU-TV1 (PP897840). No recombinant events were detected at VP1 sequences. In brief, genetic analysis of VP1 nucleotide and amino acid sequences of isolated FMDVs contributed to detecting the mutation which was able to cause the emergence of new strains as well as to elucidate the evolution of FMDVs circulating in the Mekong Delta Provinces.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6680850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and Associated Factors of Small Ruminant Brucellosis in the Dubti District of the Afar Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Teshager Dubie, Trhas Kasa, Getachew Kinfe, Abdallah Bulbula, Hagos Asgedom","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7469192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/7469192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic disease that leads to reproductive losses in animals, posing significant public health risks and economic challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. This study aims to estimate the seroprevalence and identify risk factors associated with small ruminant brucellosis in the region. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2022 in six selected kebeles of the Dubti district in the Afar region of Ethiopia to investigate the seroepidemiology of ovine and caprine brucellosis. Researchers collected 300 serum samples from apparently healthy sheep (69) and goats (231). The samples were initially screened for brucella antigens using the rose bengal plate test (RBPT). Reactors identified by the RBPT were then confirmed using the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) at the Animal Health Institution (AHI). The study employed descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square (<i>X</i> ²), and univariable logistic regression analyses to analyze the data. <b>Results:</b> The overall seroprevalence of brucella infection in small ruminants in this study was 6.7% (20 out of 300). Specifically, the seroprevalence rate in sheep was 7.2% (5 out of 69), and in goats, it was 6.5% (15 out of 231). The chi-square and univariable logistic regression analyses showed no significant association between brucella seropositivity and factors such as species, sex, age, parity, district, or abortion history (<i>p</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings of this study reveal that brucella infection is circulating in small ruminants in the study area and the broader Afar region. Further research should be conducted across the entire region that focuses on determining the regional seroprevalence of brucella, conducting molecular-based isolation, and identifying biotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7469192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Subclinical Mastitis Among Dairy Cows in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tsegaye Asredie Kolech, Abebe Belete Bitew, Sefinew Alemu Mekonnen","doi":"10.1155/vmi/2401778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/2401778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an inflammation of the mammary glands without visible changes on milk or under. In dairy cattle production, it is the common and economically significant form of mastitis. Despite such impacts, little is known about its prevalence and associated factors in the different regions of Ethiopia. Hence, this review aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of SCM from studies reported on Ethiopian dairy cows and explore factors associated with the prevalence of SCM. Articles reporting SCM in the Ethiopian dairy cows, published between 2012 and 2022, were searched from EMBASE, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus databases, and Google scholar. Article identification, screening, and inclusion were made following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Data were extracted independently and reviewed by two reviewers, and the trim-and-fill method was used to assess publication bias between studies. Data were managed using statistical tools in … software (Version …). Thirty-four eligible cross-sectional studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of SCM in Ethiopian dairy cows was found to be 43.19% (95% CI: 38.24%-48.13%). It was found that the prevalence of SCM varied between studies (<i>I</i> ² = 97.12%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Based on subgroup and meta-regression analyses, Addis Ababa had the highest estimated prevalence of SCM at 54.11% (95% CI: 40.18-68.03), followed by Amhara region at 52.07% (95% CI: 34.49-69.66). The review revealed that SCM is prevalent in Ethiopian dairy cows, with different factors associated with its prevalence. To ensure dairy cows' welfare as well minimize the public health risks from the milk, early detection and proper management of SCM would be crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2401778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Human Taeniasis and Other Intestinal Parasites in Narok County, Kenya.","authors":"D O Oduori, P M Kitala, T M Wachira, E Mulinge, T Irungu, E Zeyhle, R Ofwete, S Gabriël, P B Gathura","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9226601","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9226601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data are sparse on the epidemiological picture of <i>Taenia saginata</i> taeniasis in Kenya. Infections are underreported, and their persistence nonetheless negatively impacts the beef industry. Populations vulnerable to taeniasis in the developing world are commonly burdened with other intestinal parasites, ubiquitous in unsanitary environments. This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of human taeniasis in Narok County, Kenya, and screen for the presence of other intestinal parasitic infections. A community-based survey was conducted in five pastoral wards, and stool samples, mainly from adults, subjected to multiple diagnostic tests. One sample tested positive for <i>Taenia</i> spp. by coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (0.3%, 95% CI, 0-1.6, <i>n</i> = 360), and all samples tested negative on multiplex copro-polymerase chain reaction targeting the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene and copromicroscopy. Microscopy (<i>n</i> = 361) additionally identified <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>/<i>dispar</i>/<i>moshkovskii</i> at a prevalence of 15.5% (95% CI, 12.1-19.6), <i>Giardia</i> spp. at 5.3% (95% CI, 3.4-8.1), <i>Hymenolepis</i> spp. at 1.1% (95% CI, 0.4-2.8), and hookworm at 0.3% (95% CI, 0-1.6). Grazing livestock near the homestead (< 2 km) and a formal education background were associated with a reduced likelihood of <i>Giardia</i> spp. infection (AOR 0.07, 95% CI 0-0.36, <i>p</i>=0.011, and AOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.50, <i>p</i>=0.014, respectively). Our findings suggest a very low prevalence of human taeniasis in the population. The occurrence of other pathogenic zoonotic intestinal parasites highlights a public health concern and calls for a One Health approach in the enhancement of hygiene initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9226601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calf Morbidity and Mortality: Critical Challenges for Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Northern Ethiopia.","authors":"Gebreyohans Gebru, Gebregergs Tesfamaryam, Dawit Gebremichael, Gebremedhin Romha, Angesom Hadush, Tsriti Gebremeskel, Kiros Kelkay, Moges Gebremichael, Alem Beyene, Haftom Hadush","doi":"10.1155/vmi/2388659","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/2388659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calf morbidity and mortality pose significant economic challenges for smallholder dairy farms in Ethiopia, resulting in direct losses from calf deaths, replacement costs, treatment expenses, and reduced lifetime productivity. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the magnitude and epidemiological characteristics of calf morbidity and mortality in Northern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study with mixed approaches was carried out from December 2019 to September 2020. A total of 183 questionnaire survey, four focus group discussion (FGD), and 17 key informant interviews (KII) were included in the study. Furthermore, participatory epidemiological appraisals were incorporated to triangulate and strengthen survey evidences. Analysis of survey results revealed that 69.4% of the farmers have experienced calf morbidity, while 63.9% of them have encountered calf mortality. Similarly, results of proportional piling indicated that calf morbidity and mortality were estimated to occur in 75.5% and 55.9% of the farms, respectively. Moreover, all KIIs had encountered calf morbidity, while 88.2% of them had faced calf mortality. Ninety percent of KIIs, 66.2% of the participants of community-based epidemiology, and 27.87% of questionnaire survey respondents suggested that calf morbidity and mortality occur in less than one-week-aged calves. Regarding the potential risk factors, source of water, frequency of barn disinfection, breed types, health status of dams, using separate calf housing, amount of colostrum provided to calves, and cleaning frequency of barns had statistically significant association with the occurrence of calf morbidity and mortality (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, results of participatory appraisal, FGDs and KIIs showed that calf diarrhea, nutritional disorder, pneumonia, and navel ill were the leading causes of calf morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, observation assessment showed that most dairy farms were surrounded by dense human settlements, livestock markets, and municipal slaughtering houses. Hence, the farms had critical space limitation (for animals to exercise) as well as poor drainage systems and hygienic practices. Our assessment also showed that lack of veterinary services, shortage of water supply, and poor artificial insemination services were the major challenges of dairying in the area. In conclusion, the present study revealed that calf morbidity and mortality were critical challenges for dairying in Northern Ethiopia. Furthermore, the study highlighted the epidemiological characteristics and potential risk factors associated with calf morbidity and mortality, awareness gaps in calf management, as well as key bottlenecks in dairy farming. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive study, continuous capacity building initiatives, improved infrastructure, and services to mitigate calf losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2388659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11964709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices to Foodborne Zoonotic Diseases and Their Associated Factors in and Around Debre Tabor City, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Balemual Abebaw, Sisay Assefie","doi":"10.1155/vmi/8360480","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/8360480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Foodborne zoonotic diseases are a widespread public health problem globally. Infections are naturally transmitted between animals and humans through food. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2024 to evaluate the awareness of foodborne zoonotic diseases and their associated factors in and around Debre Tabor city, Northwest Ethiopia. In this study, 771 participants were involved in which, a single individual over the age of 18 was chosen from each family using a simple random sampling method for data collection. Data were processed using Epi Info Version 7, and the analysis was conducted with SPSS Version 20 software. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were utilized to examine the influence of different factors on the dependent variable's level. <b>Results:</b> A total of 771 participants took part in the study, resulting in an overall response rate of 95.7%. The number of participants having a good knowledge and practice towards meat-borne zoonoses were 378 (49%) and 412 (58.6%), respectively. The knowledge of the respondents on tuberculosis, anthrax, taeniasis, and cysticercosis was 192 (24.9%), 335 (43.5%), 313 (40.6%), and 266 (34.5%), respectively. Educational status and access to information sources of respondents were significantly associated with knowledge as <i>p</i> value < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. <b>Conclusion:</b> The level of knowledge and practice was poor about foodborne zoonotic diseases in this study. This is because of the habit of backyard slaughtering and consumption of raw meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8360480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}