Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Isolation, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> in Diarrheic Calves in Sebeta, Ethiopia.","authors":"Atinafu Regasa Hailu, Fikru Gizaw Gurmessa, Teshita Edaso Bariso, Shubisa Abera Leliso","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7166641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/7166641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calf diarrhea is a major constraint to dairy production in Ethiopia, resulting in substantial economic losses and potentially complicated by antimicrobial-resistant bacterial pathogens. This study aimed to determine the isolation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> in diarrheic calves, identify associated risk factors, and assess antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. A cross-sectional study was conducted in calves less than 2 months of age in and around Sebeta Town. The study area and districts were selected purposively, dairy farms were selected by simple random sampling, and diarrheic calves were selected purposively. A total of 129 fecal samples were collected and examined using standard bacteriological techniques and Biolog identification. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> were isolated from 65 (50.3%; 95% CI: 41.6-59.1) and 8 (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.98-10.4) of the 129 samples, respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, sex, age, colostrum feeding, bedding, and housing were significantly associated with increased odds of <i>E. coli</i> isolation. For <i>Salmonella</i> sex, age, and bedding were significantly associated with increased odds of isolation. Most <i>E. coli</i> isolates were susceptible to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (93.85%), polymyxin B (78.46%), gentamicin (76.92%), and ampicillin (73.85%), whereas tetracycline showed the highest resistance (58.46%). Among the 20 <i>E. coli</i> isolates exhibiting resistance to two or more antimicrobial agents, three of twenty (15.0%) fulfilled the predefined multidrug resistance criterion. All <i>Salmonella</i> isolates were susceptible to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim and polymyxin B, while 87.5% were susceptible to tetracycline and ampicillin. These findings demonstrate the isolation of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> among diarrheic calves and highlight important calf-management factors associated with bacterial isolation, as well as tetracycline resistance among <i>E. coli</i>. Improved calf management, appropriate colostrum feeding, adequate bedding, and prudent antimicrobial use are recommended. Further molecular characterization is warranted to determine the specific diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> pathotypes and clarify their contribution to calf diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7166641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Bovine Mastitis, Bacteriological Culture, and Antimicrobial Use on Tropical Dairy Farms.","authors":"Giovanny Torres-Lindarte, Julián Reyes-Velez, Mónica Jiménez-Serna, Arley Caraballo-Guzmán","doi":"10.1155/vmi/3663657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/3663657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global concern, strongly linked to the misuse of antimicrobials in livestock production. In dairy farming, producers, milkers, and veterinarians play key roles in antimicrobial decision-making. This study aimed to characterize knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to bovine mastitis, bacteriological culture, and antimicrobial use on tropical dairy farms in Colombia and to explore their association with sociodemographic factors. A total of 366 farm decision-makers were surveyed across five municipalities in Antioquia. 56.6% of respondents had never used microbiological culture for mastitis diagnosis, and only 41.3% kept records of antimicrobial use. Most participants (98.6%) considered antimicrobials easy to obtain, while only 34.3% routinely consulted veterinarians before use. Blanket dry cow therapy was common practice (81.2%). KAP scores were positively correlated, with higher values associated with larger herd size and greater farming experience, whereas lower educational attainment and reliance on manual milking were linked to poorer scores. Although awareness of AMR was high (88.0%), half of the respondents (50.5%) did not perceive it as a threat to their farms. These findings highlight persistent gaps in antimicrobial stewardship and diagnostic use, underscoring the need for targeted educational interventions, improved access to on-farm diagnostic tools, and strengthened regulatory frameworks to promote sustainable antimicrobial use in tropical dairy systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3663657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13581408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Indigestible Foreign Bodies in the Forestomach of Slaughtered Cattle: A Cross-Sectional Study in Eastern Ethiopia.","authors":"Andnet Yirga Assefa, Mekoya Tefera Mamo, Temesgen Sendekie Ayalew","doi":"10.1155/vmi/1616641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/1616641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indigestible foreign bodies (IFBs) can impair digestion and reduce animal productivity, thereby posing a serious economic burden on livestock owners and the national economy. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2024 to March 2025 to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of IFBs in the forestomach of cattle slaughtered at Haramaya University and Haramaya Municipal Abattoirs, Oromia region, Eastern Ethiopia. A total of 384 cattle were selected randomly and examined postmortem for the presence of IFBs. The overall prevalence of IFBs in cattle was 35.7% (137/384; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.1%-40.6%). The most important risk factors significantly associated with the occurrence of IFBs were poor body condition (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.7; 95% CI: 1.72-8.0), older age (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: 2.41-9.97), being from rural areas (AOR = 2.2; CI: 1.15-4.39), and being female (AOR = 3.8; 95% CI: 2.10-7.03), while breed of cattle showed no significant association. Among the forestomach compartments, a higher prevalence of foreign bodies was detected in the rumen (67.15%) than in the reticulum (32.85%). Nonmetallic materials accounted for the majority of detected IFBs (80.3%), with plastic objects being the most common (37%). The high prevalence observed in this study underscores the widespread environmental contamination and inadequate solid waste disposal practices in the area. Therefore, public awareness and the implementation of proper waste management systems are needed to minimize the ingestion of foreign materials by cattle and improve animal health and production.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1616641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Natural Peptides Against Hemagglutinin-Esterase of Bovine Coronavirus Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies.","authors":"Mohammed Adnan Hashim Al-Battat, Marzieh Gharouni, Mohammadreza Nassiri, Ali Javadmanesh, Ahmad Asoodeh, Reza Tohidi","doi":"10.1155/vmi/2269384","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/2269384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein of bovine coronavirus is required for virus attachment and entry into host cells. It is thus an attractive target for the development of peptide-based antiviral agents. In the present study, molecular docking was performed to identify bioactive peptides with high binding potential toward the HE protein, followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A total of 16 bioactive peptides were initially evaluated by molecular docking, and 3 peptides with favorable interactions at the HE protein functional site were subsequently subjected to MD simulations. After the simulation run, among the investigated peptides, Peptide 16 exhibited the most favorable interaction with the HE protein. Structural interaction analysis revealed the formation of two salt bridges, two hydrogen bonds, and forty hydrophobic interactions at the binding interface. Furthermore, the averaged MD analyses demonstrated that the HE protein-Peptide 16 (bLFcin <i>f</i>) complex remained structurally stable throughout the simulations. These findings suggest that Peptide 16 is a promising candidate for further experimental evaluation as a peptide inhibitor targeting the HE protein of BCoV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2269384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection and Characterization of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> species in Chickens From Commercial Farms and Live Bird Markets in Ibadan, Nigeria.","authors":"Martina Oluwatimileyin Oyedepo, Omolade A Oladele, Adetolase A Bakre, Olayinka Remilekun Anifowose, Foluke Adedayo Akande, Opeyemi K Olofintuyi, Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola","doi":"10.1155/vmi/3818821","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/3818821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cryptosporidiosis is an important intestinal disease of poultry with zoonotic implications. However, routine molecular surveillance remains limited in Nigeria's commercial poultry sector. This study aimed to detect and characterize <i>Cryptosporidium species</i> in commercial chickens and live bird markets (LBMs) in Ibadan, Oyo State, using microscopy and molecular methods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 179 pooled dropping samples were collected from commercial farms and LBMs across eight sampling locations in seven local government areas. Samples were examined using modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and processed by nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microscopy revealed an overall detection rate of 18.99% (34/179). Prevalence was higher in commercial farms (21.13%) than in LBMs (10.81%). Layers showed greater infection (23.17%) than broilers (15.46%), with birds aged 21-40 weeks most affected. Of the 34 microscopy-positive samples, five (14.70%) were PCR-confirmed: <i>Cryptosporidium baileyi</i> (4/34; 11.76%) and the zoonotic <i>C. meleagridis</i> (1/34; 2.94%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The detection of zoonotic <i>C. meleagridis</i> highlights a public health risk. These findings emphasize the need for enhanced biosecurity, targeted management practices, molecular surveillance, and farmer awareness to reduce cryptosporidiosis in poultry systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3818821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13556165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Immunomodulatory Benefits of DDGS in Broiler Growth and Meat Quality.","authors":"Ayman S Salah, Ayman E Taha, Rasha I M Hassan, Esraa M Mohamed, Asmaa H Abd Elkareem, Afnan H Saaty, Mahmoud Alagawany, Khan Md Shaiful Islam, Hala Y Amer","doi":"10.1155/vmi/2796378","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/2796378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of corn-based distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on various parameters in broilers, including immune modulation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, growth performance, carcass traits, blood hematology, serum parameters, meat quality, and economic efficiency. A total of 150 one-day-old broiler chicks were assigned to five groups, including a control and four groups with increasing levels of DDGS (8%, 16%, 24%, and 32%). The inclusion of DDGS significantly improved growth performance (<i>p</i> < 0.05) without affecting carcass traits (<i>p</i> < 0.05). DDGS supplementation led to a significant increase in the weight of immunological organs, particularly the bursa of Fabricius (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and altered hematological parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.05), including RBCs, WBCs, Hb, and PCV. Serum total protein and globulin levels were increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while uric acid levels decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Lipid profiles also improved with reductions in triglycerides, cholesterol, and HDL-C (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and thyroid hormones G3 and G4 increased (<i>p</i> < 0.001). DDGS supplementation enhanced antioxidant and immune markers, including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), IL-10, and IgA, IgG, and IgM, while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meat quality was slightly improved in terms of dry matter and ash content, without changes in protein or fat levels. In addition, DDGS inclusion reduced feed costs, enhancing economic efficiency. In conclusion, DDGS can be included up to 32% in broiler diets as a cost-effective protein source, improving health parameters and meat quality without adverse effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2796378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endemic Persistence of Bovine Leukemia Virus in aHigh-Producing Brazilian Dairy Herd: Seroprevalence Across Production Strata, Vertical Transmission, and Mortality Risk.","authors":"Karla Cristina Resplandes da Costa Paz, Leonardo Costa Paes, Dirceu Guilherme de Souza Ramos, Rosângela Maria Rodrigues, Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes, João Batista Alves de Souza, Adeliane Castro da Costa, Ísis Assis Braga, Cecília Nunes Moreira","doi":"10.1155/vmi/5252185","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/5252185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is globally distributed and remains difficult to control. The infection is associated with substantial economic losses resulting from reduced productivity and early culling. Seroepidemiological studies conducted in Brazil have demonstrated that BLV prevalence rates range from 18.30% to 46.76%, with prevalence estimates reaching up to 90% in Goiás State, where the present study was performed. This study investigates the silent epidemiological persistence of BLV in a high-producing dairy herd, highlighting category-specific seroprevalence patterns, serological evidence suggestive of possible vertical exposure, and the association between BLV seropositivity and mortality. A total of 570 Girolando females were divided into the following groups for analysis of anti-BLV antibodies: multiparous (I), primiparous (II), bred nulliparous heifers (III), and nonbred heifers (IV). We performed the analysis using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our research group evaluated the impact of BLV seropositivity on milk yield (MY), somatic cell count (SCC), services per conception (SC), and calving interval (CI). In addition, serological evidence suggestive of possible vertical exposure and herd incidence rates were assessed during a 3-month follow-up period. Prevalence of BLV seropositivity was 59.82% (95% CI: 55.75%-63.77%). Cows in Group I showed a significantly higher likelihood of seropositivity than those in Group IV, with an approximately 8.6-fold (95% CI: 4.96-15.03) increased risk of BLV seropositivity. Serological findings suggestive of possible vertical exposure were detected in 13.59% of the evaluated neonates, and the BLV incidence rate in the herd was 34.06 new seropositive cases over the 3-month follow-up period. Despite the high seroprevalence observed in the herd, no adverse effects were associated with productive or reproductive parameters. No significant association was observed between BLV seropositivity and lymphocytosis (<i>p</i> > 0.05). In contrast, mortality was significantly higher among BLV-seropositive cattle than among seronegative cattle (RR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.19-1.67). The impact of this disease on the lifespan of the herd should not be underestimated, particularly when considering mortality rates, incidence, and vertical transmission, which underscore the progressive nature of the virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5252185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13543665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near-Whole-Genome Sequencing of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Lineage IV From the Savannah District, Northern Côte d'Ivoire in 2023.","authors":"Konan Ange-Sylvestre Goli, Jean Nepomuscene Hakizimana, Augustino Alfred Chengula, Kiffopan Benjamin M'Bari, Charlie Franck Amoia, Melvyn Quan, Mariam Makange, Peter N Thompson, Gerald Misinzo","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6654668","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/6654668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting sheep and goats, causing substantial economic losses in endemic countries. In the Savannah district of Côte d'Ivoire, knowledge of the genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of the PPR virus (PPRV) remains limited. This study investigated the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of PPRV circulating in this region using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September and December 2023. Nasal swabs collected from sheep and goats were screened for PPRV ribonucleic acid (RNA) using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Samples with low quantification cycle (Cq) values of less than 35 and successful multiplex PCR amplification profiles were selected for sequencing using the Oxford Nanopore MinION platform. Near-complete consensus genomes were generated through reference-based assembly and analysed alongside representative strains from all recognised PPRV lineages. Of the 355 samples analysed, 25 (7.0%) tested positive for PPRV RNA, with positive detections in all three surveyed regions (Poro, Tchologo and Bagoué). The four samples with the lowest Cq values, originating from all three administrative regions, were successfully sequenced, generating genomes that covered 82.0%-86.2% of the reference genome at a depth of ≥ 10 ×. The missing regions were mainly located at the 5' and 3' genomic termini, as well as in limited internal regions associated with amplicon dropout. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all four sequences belonged to lineage IV and exhibited high nucleotide similarity (98.1%-99.9%). The Ivorian strains clustered with recent lineage IV viruses from West, North and Central Africa, whereas historical Ivorian lineages I and II formed distinct clades. These findings confirm the predominance of lineage IV in northern Côte d'Ivoire and provide baseline genomic data to support molecular epidemiological surveillance in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6654668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Toxoplasmosis Among Veterinary and Human Health Professionals in Central Ethiopia.","authors":"Derara Bidira, Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin, Tolesa Negasa, Isayas Asefa Kebede","doi":"10.1155/vmi/4281345","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/4281345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasmosis, caused by the intracellular protozoan <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, poses significant public health and veterinary challenges worldwide. In Ethiopia, understanding the awareness and behaviors of both animal and human health professionals is vital for the effective prevention and control of diseases. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of veterinary and public health professionals regarding the zoonotic importance of toxoplasmosis in Central Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 to July 2024 in Holeta and Burayu towns and Addis Ababa city, Central Ethiopia. A total of 411 veterinary and health professionals were selected using a multistage sampling approach and completed a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed using STATA Version 14 to identify factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices scores. The findings showed that 79.3% of respondents had good knowledge, 83% had a positive attitude, and 90% demonstrated good practice. Professionals over 41 years of age were more likely to have a positive attitude compared to those aged 18-30 years (OR = 3.5; 95% CI: 1.1-11.0; <i>p</i> = 0.033). Regarding practice, those residing in Addis Ababa had higher odds of good practice than those in Holeta (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2-6.2; <i>p</i> = 0.018), and veterinarians were significantly more likely to exhibit good practice compared to human health professionals (OR = 11.4; 95% CI: 1.5-86.5; <i>p</i> = 0.019). However, no factors were significantly associated with knowledge levels. A considerable proportion of veterinary and health professionals in Central Ethiopia demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes, and sound practices regarding toxoplasmosis. Strengthening health education and improving healthcare infrastructure are recommended to further enhance awareness and mitigate zoonotic risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4281345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Investigation of <i>Plasmodium spp</i> From Faecal Samples of <i>Macaca fascicularis</i> in Indonesia.","authors":"Josephine Elizabeth Siregar, Firmanul Hasan, Normalita Eka Pravitasari, Andreas Yoga Aditama, Wanda Kuswanda, Lis Rosmanah, Uus Saepuloh, Huda Shalahudin Darusman, Fauzi Muh, Ita Margaretha Nainggolan, Syahputra Wibowo, I Made Artika","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9331597","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9331597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Threats to Malaria Elimination Program (MEP) are arising, such as drug-resistant parasites, insecticide-resistant mosquitos and zoonotic malaria. In Southeast Asia, zoonotic emergence of macaque malaria, <i>Plasmodium knowlesi</i>, has been a major concern to the MEP. This parasite is recently established and potentially localised in wild populations of <i>Macaca fascicularis</i> (long-tailed macaques), which are indigenous to South-East Asia. Besides <i>P. knowlesi</i> infection, the macaque is also infected by <i>P. inui</i> and <i>P. cynomolgi</i>, which could be transmissible to humans. However, the parasitology data from Indonesian macaque populations are sparse. Noninvasive sampling methods are the primary tool for primate infectious disease ecology. The present study aimed to investigate <i>Plasmodium spp</i> from faecal samples collected (of long-tailed macaques) in Indonesia. Faecal samples from semicaptive breeding sites and wild <i>M. fascicularis</i> have been collected. A total of 122 <i>M. fascicularis</i> faecal samples were collected from Java (West Java) and Sumatra (Lampung, Palembang and Jambi). DNA samples were extracted and subjected to nested polymerase chain reactions (nPCR) analysis using sets of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) primers to detect <i>Plasmodium</i> genus. There were 46 (37.7%) samples positive of malaria, and four species of <i>Plasmodium</i> parasites (<i>P. inui</i>, <i>P. cynomolgi</i>, <i>P. coatneyi</i> and <i>P. fieldi</i>) were detected in their natural host. None of the faecal samples were identified as being <i>P. knowlesi</i> positive. This study provides baseline information on the occurrence and diversity of simian malaria parasites in <i>M. fascicularis</i> populations in Indonesia using noninvasive samples and highlights the importance of further studies on simian malaria parasites in wildlife hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9331597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}