Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Pre- and Postvaccination Effects on Milk Yield and Quality Among Dairy Farms and Lactating Cows in Mekelle, Ethiopia: An Ambispective Study.","authors":"Tadelech Yilma Sisay, Mastewal Addisu Kitambo, Kidist Derbew Gebru, Mebrahtu Weldegebriel Hailu, Haftom Yirga Tsegay","doi":"10.1155/vmi/2417101","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/2417101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vaccination plays a critical role in improving animal health and productivity; however, its impact on milk yield and quality under field conditions remains insufficiently quantified in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the pre- and postvaccination effects on milk yield and quality among medium-dairy farms and lactating cows in Mekelle, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ambispective study design was employed, integrating retrospective data (June 2023-May 2024) and prospective observations (October 2024-May 2025). A total of 156 dairy farms were selected using stratified random sampling for the assessment of vaccination status and milk yield. Additionally, 56 lactating cows were selected for milk quality evaluation, with pre- and postvaccination comparisons. Milk composition analysis was conducted on a subset of 40 cows meeting strict inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using R software (version 4.3.3).</p><p><strong>Major findings: </strong>Vaccination coverage reached 78.85% in 2023/24 and 73.08% in 2024/25, mainly against anthrax, blackleg, and lumpy skin disease. Most farmers (80.71%) observed a short-term decline in milk yield postvaccination, while 68.29% reported no long-term yield change. Prior vaccination was a significant predictor of higher yield postvaccination (<i>β</i> = 2.93, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Laboratory results showed significant reductions in bacterial load (<i>p</i> = 0.0019) and significant increases in milk fat (<i>p</i> = 0.0218), protein (<i>p</i> = 0.0123), SNF (<i>p</i> = 0.0056), lactose (<i>p</i> = 0.0023), and ash (<i>p</i> = 0.0088).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cattle vaccination improved milk quality while causing only temporary yield declines. Strengthening regular vaccination programs and farmer awareness could enhance milk safety, nutritional value, and farm profitability, supporting Ethiopia's broader food security and One Health goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2417101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Health Management Practices and Disease Occurrence in Pond and Cage Aquaculture Systems in the Pwani, Dar es Salaam, and Mwanza Regions, Tanzania.","authors":"Jestina O Ntaguda, Aviti J Mmochi, Amr A A Gamil, Stephen Mutoloki, Øystein Evensen","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6596164","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/6596164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed fish farms, general fish health management, disease occurrences, and management practices in Tanzania's pond and cage culture systems. Data were collected using semistructured questionnaires from operational farms across three regions (Pwani, Dar es Salaam, and Mwanza). The questionnaire survey assessed farmers' demographic data, general pond management practices, and health management issues, including pond treatment, the use of disinfectants and antibiotics, disease and mortality, fish waste management, and net handling. The results showed that the majority (93.2%) of respondents were male, and 34.1% were aged 40-49 years. Most farmers owned ponds/tanks (69.7%), and the remaining owned cages (30.3%). Tilapia was the most farmed fish species (97.0%), followed by the polyculture of tilapia and catfish. Except for the lake, where all cage farms were located, rivers, springs, wetlands, boreholes, and municipal piped water were other sources of water. All water sources for pond-based farms lacked pretreatment reservoirs. Most fish farms (87/131) had experienced fish diseases and mortalities. Only 20.6% of respondents reported receiving training in fish health and disease management. Most respondents knew that fish could get sick, but training in disease diagnosis was poor. The clinical signs that respondents listed included decreased feed intake, erratic movements, skin ulcers, a distended abdomen, darkened skin, white skin patches, fin rot and scale erosion, stunted growth, and protruding eyes. The survey suggests that training attendance and self-reported diagnostic capacity were limited among farmers in the surveyed regions. Training and capacity building for farmers in disease diagnosis and management are a way forward for enhancing the sustainability and profitability of tilapia farming in Tanzania.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6596164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13377208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic and Abdominal Radiologic Anatomy of the Greater Cane Rat (<i>Thryonomys swinderianus</i>).","authors":"Mazengo Masigati, Mirende Kichuki, Modesta Makungu","doi":"10.1155/vmi/5558928","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/5558928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The greater cane rat (<i>Thryonomys swinderianus</i>) is widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa, including western, central, eastern and southern Africa. It is the African's second-largest rodent. This study was done to describe and establish the normal reference values for radiographic anatomy of the thorax and abdomen in greater cane rats for biomedical and related research, teaching comparative veterinary anatomy and clinical uses. Radiography of the thorax and abdomen was performed under general anaesthesia in ten (10) wild adult greater cane rats. Right lateral (RL), left lateral (LL), dorsoventral (DV) and ventrodorsal (VD) radiographic projections of the thorax were taken. For the abdomen, RL and VD projections were obtained. All greater cane rats had 13 thoracic vertebrae with corresponding pairs of ribs. The number of lumbar vertebrae was mainly six. The sternum consisted of manubrium sterni, xiphoid process and four sternebrae. The anticlinal vertebra was mainly the 11th thoracic vertebra, and the sacrum consisted of four fused sacral vertebrae. Reference ranges for thoracic and abdominal organs/structures were established, such as the tracheal diameter (6.8 mm), angle between the mainstem bronchi (DV: 47.8°; VD: 46.4°), and gastric axis angle (77.6°). Further, ratios like the vertebral heart size (VHS) (RL: 9.70, LL: 9.83, DV: 10.46 and VD: 10.45), caudal vena cava diameter to length of thoracic vertebra above the carina (0.86), tracheal diameter to thoracic inlet diameter (0.32), and cardiothoracic (DV: 0.63, VD: 0.64) were calculated. Measurements of sternebrae, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are provided. Differences and similarities with other rodents have been highlighted. Information from this research will serve as a reference for routine veterinary clinical procedures and biomedical studies and for teaching veterinary comparative anatomy and diagnostic imaging. Additionally, the use of ratios of absolute measurements of thoracic and abdominal organs/structures to relevant skeletal structures is recommended to overcome intraspecies variability in body size.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5558928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13367225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148449704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between the nt230(del4) Mutation and c.-6-180T>G Polymorphism in the Canine ABCB1 Gene.","authors":"Orsolya Palócz, Réka Wágner, György Csikó","doi":"10.1155/vmi/1075604","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/1075604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 4-base pair deletion in the ABCB1 (MDR1) gene, resulting in a frameshift and truncated, nonfunctional P-glycoprotein, is frequently observed in certain dog breeds and is known to cause drug sensitivity. Another variant, a single nucleotide substitution (c.-6-180T > G) located near the gene's promoter region, has also been identified; however, its clinical significance remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the genotype distribution of the nt230(del4) deletion and the c.-6-180T > G substitution across various dog breeds and to evaluate whether an association exists between these variants. A total of 263 client-owned dogs from 17 breeds were genotyped for both mutations. Genomic DNA was extracted using a spin column-based method. The deletion was detected using a modified allele-specific real-time PCR assay, and the SNP was assessed via PCR followed by RFLP analysis. The nt230(del4) mutation was identified exclusively in collie-lineage breeds, including collie, Shetland sheepdog, Australian shepherd, bobtail, and white Swiss shepherd. The c.-6-180T > G SNP was widespread across all breeds, with a G allele frequency of 35%. Genotype distribution included 111 T/T homozygotes, 119 T/G heterozygotes, and 33 G/G homozygotes. Notably, all individuals carrying the deletion also possessed at least one G allele, suggesting a co-occurrence between the two variants. The observed association between the nt230(del4) deletion and the c.-6-180T > G SNP in this cohort may reflect shared ancestry and/or local linkage disequilibrium. Further research is warranted to explore the functional consequences of this SNP and its potential role in canine drug response.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1075604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the 2014-2016 El Niño on Geohelminth Control in Stray Dogs and Cats Without Anthelmintic Treatment.","authors":"Prasit Na-Ek, Attarat Pattanawongsa, Patthanasak Khammaneechan, Blego Sedionoto, Witthaya Anamnart","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9294504","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9294504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Soil-transmitted helminthiases (STHs) in stray dogs and cats, including hookworm infection, strongyloidiasis, and toxocariasis, are prevalent globally. The lack of STH control in these stray animals leads to an increased prevalence of STHs in southern Thailand. Suddenly, the El Niño 2014-2016 induced a 14-month-long drought. We thus aimed to compare the prevalence of STHs in stray cats in artificial wet sandy soil (unaffected area) and dry sandy soil (affected area) before and after drought. Furthermore, we also observed the prevalence of STHs in stray dogs in another study area before and after drought.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative study was conducted on 77 stray cats, 17 in the unaffected area and 60 in the affected area. Stools were collected before (2014) and after the drought (2016 and 2020). In study area 2, the respective 122 and 131 stools were collected from stray dogs before (2014) and after the drought (2020). STHs were detected using a modified formalin-ether concentration technique, agar plate culture, and 1:20 water-diluted stool suspension. Rainfall and rainy-day data, serving as drought indicators, were retrieved from the two nearest local meteorological stations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In stray cats, the prevalence of STHs in the unaffected area remained unchanged pre- and postdrought. In the affected area, the prevalence of hookworm infection, but not strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis, decreased after drought. However, over time, the unchanged prevalence of strongyloidiasis in 2016 decreased in 2020 compared to that in 2014. Furthermore, the prevalence of hookworm infection in stray dogs in study area 2 decreased after the drought, while eliminating strongyloidiasis and toxocariasis. Notably, the prevalence of <i>Spirometra</i> spp. infection in stray dogs and in cats in the unaffected area remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>El Niño 2014-2016-induced drought, one of the climatic factors, demonstrates the significant impact of climatic factors on STH transmission in stray animal populations where anthelmintic treatment is not applied, highlighting the need to integrate climate forecasting into future control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9294504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and Morphometric Characterization of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> in Sheep From Minas Gerais, Brazil.","authors":"Cintia Aparecida de Jesus Pereira, Valdir de Miranda Brito, Ana Luisa Gomes, Raphael Meira Becattini, Gabriel Luiz Vieira Mendes, Samuel Tadeu Rocha, Weder Gomes Oliveira, Guilherme Henrique Rosemberg Silva, Sabrina Aparecida Batista Maia de Oliveira, Walter Dos Santos Lima","doi":"10.1155/vmi/8489002","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/8489002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In livestock production, the health of slaughtered animals is crucial to ensuring food safety. In this context, animal cysticercosis poses serious problems within production systems. Cysticercosis caused by <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> (larval stage of <i>Taenia hydatigena</i>) is common in pasture-raised ruminants. Although this helminthiasis is of low pathogenicity for production animals, it is difficult to diagnose during inspection procedures. Animals become infected by ingesting eggs present in water and/or feed contaminated with feces from domestic or wild canids. In this study, viscera from Dorper/Santa Inês crossbred sheep raised under a semiextensive system were evaluated in situ during four slaughter events in a slaughterhouse in the metropolitan region of Minas Gerais. Among 700 sheep slaughtered, 113 cysticerci were recovered and stored at 4°C for 3 h. They were then subjected to evagination using 1% hydrochloric acid/pepsin at 37°C for 10 min. Stereomicroscopy revealed cysticerci measuring 0.6 cm in length and 0.2 cm in width when invaginated and ranging from 2 to 7 cm in length and 1.5 to 8 cm in width when viable and evaginated forms. A total of 25.7% of parasites were found in the liver and 74.3% in the omentum, mesentery, and associated tissues. Microscopy also allowed the observation of rostellar hook morphology regarding number, width, and total length of large and small hooks. This study reports the first occurrence of ovine cysticercosis by <i>C. tenuicollis</i> in Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8489002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13338628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impacts of Local Anesthetics and Surgical Trauma on Immunity.","authors":"Maranata Milkias Kasto","doi":"10.1155/vmi/3876353","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/3876353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Local anesthetics exert anti-inflammatory effects through mechanisms that extend beyond mere sodium channel blockade. Surgical trauma is a potent iatrogenic trigger of systemic immune dysregulation. The stress response to surgery activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system. Local anesthetics modulate nearly every facet of the innate immune response and modulate adaptive immunity. Local anesthetics, via their inhibition of cytokine production and leukocyte activation, may consequently mitigate DAMP release by attenuating the amplification of tissue damage within the inflammatory cascade. Preexisting patient comorbidities significantly modulate the immune response to anesthesia and surgical intervention. Bupivacaine and ropivacaine exhibit differential effects on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. The immunomodulatory effects of local anesthetics exhibit heterogeneity dependent on the route of administration, dosing regimens, and frequency of application. Hypoxia serves as a critical modulator of anesthetic-immune interactions. Surgical trauma frequently establishes a localized hypoxic microenvironment at the wound site. The interaction between anesthetic agents and anticancer therapies represents a burgeoning field of significant clinical relevance. Many chemotherapeutic agents exert their antitumor effects via immune-mediated mechanisms, thereby suggesting that anesthetic-induced immunosuppression could theoretically attenuate their efficacy. Surgical trauma and local anesthetics exert distinct yet interconnected influences on the immune system. Despite this observed potential, current evidence remains insufficient to warrant modifications in clinical practice. Addressing this knowledge gap necessitates large-scale randomized controlled trials, comprehensive molecular-level mechanistic investigations, and the development of validated immune biomarkers to inform perioperative anesthetic selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3876353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13333658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Veterinary Education: Integrating Wildlife Medicine Into Undergraduate Training in Kenya.","authors":"Grace Watene, Dale Smith, Tequiero Abuom, Ambrose Kipyegon, Isaac Lekolool, Ruth Omani, Magda Scarlett","doi":"10.1155/vmi/4418942","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/4418942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Veterinary education has traditionally focused on domestic animals, yet the expanding role of veterinarians in wildlife health necessitates the integration of wildlife medicine into undergraduate training. In Kenya, despite the ecological and economic importance of wildlife, veterinary curricula provide limited structured exposure to wildlife medicine. This study aimed to (i) identify gaps in undergraduate veterinary training related to wildlife health and (ii) use these findings to inform the design of a stakeholder-driven pilot training model. A mixed-methods approach was applied using two structured surveys administered to veterinary students and graduates (<i>n</i> = 83) and employers (<i>n</i> = 33). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative responses were examined through a thematic analysis. The findings were further refined through a stakeholder validation workshop involving academia, wildlife practitioners, and conservation stakeholders. While 71% of respondents expressed interest in wildlife health, only 22% felt adequately prepared for practice. Key gaps included insufficient curriculum content, limited time allocation, and lack of practical exposure. Employers reported variability in graduate competence, reinforcing the need for improved training. These findings informed the development of a 10-module pilot training program combining theoretical instruction with field-based experiential learning. The study highlights the feasibility of a research-informed, stakeholder-driven approach to curriculum development in wildlife medicine. However, the effectiveness of the intervention was not evaluated, and further longitudinal research is required to assess its impact on competencies, career outcomes, and workforce preparedness in wildlife health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4418942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Review of Blood Collection Techniques in Swine: Practical Guidelines for Veterinary Practice.","authors":"Giusy Romano, Carla Bresciani, Martina Rega, Federico Righi, Giulia Catellani, Martina Gavezzoli, Claudio Mazzoni","doi":"10.1155/vmi/5499360","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/5499360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Swine veterinary practice involves a range of invasive procedures, including venipuncture and catheterization, for diagnostic, therapeutic, and epidemiological purposes. With the global expansion of pig production and the growing need for effective health monitoring, particularly in the context of infectious disease control programs, such as Aujeszky's disease and swine vesicular disease, the implementation of efficient and welfare-conscious blood collection methods has become a priority. The selection of an appropriate venous access route is particularly critical due to the wide variation in pig size, age, and behavior, as well as the general resistance of adult pigs to human handling, which directly affects operator safety, procedural success, and animal welfare. Commonly employed sites include the jugular and ear veins, while alternative routes-such as the cranial vena cava, orbital venous sinus, tail vessels, cephalic and femoral veins, percutaneous cardiac puncture, subcutaneous abdominal vein, and the mammary vein in lactating sows-may be chosen according to the animal's physiological status and the specific purpose of sampling. Each technique presents distinct advantages and limitations in terms of vein visibility, obtainable blood volume, repeatability, restraint requirements, and potential welfare implications. Forced restraint, required for most methods, can induce substantial stress, alter biological parameters such as serum cortisol, and compromise both sample reliability and animal well-being. While long-term catheterization provides repeated access with minimal handling, its use is typically confined to research settings due to the need for anesthesia, surgical expertise, and individual housing. This review presents a comprehensive anatomical and procedural overview of major blood collection techniques in pigs, critically evaluating their feasibility, invasiveness, and welfare impact. By offering a comparative analysis of each method's suitability across clinical and field scenarios, this work aims to guide swine practitioners in selecting the most appropriate venipuncture or catheterization approach, balancing diagnostic accuracy with ethical responsibility toward animal welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5499360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13331877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological and Biochemical Assessment of Camel Milk in Protective and Therapeutic Aspirin-Induced Gastric and Liver Damage in Rabbits.","authors":"Hayder Dawood Saleem, Zeid Muhsen Alsadoon, Ali Hussein Fadhil, Anfal Jabbar Taher","doi":"10.1155/vmi/2850214","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/2850214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of camel milk against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury. The role of camel milk therapy in improving health status in rabbits was investigated through diagnostic and histological examinations of gastric tissues. All rabbits, 32 New Zealand white rabbits weighing between 1200 and 1800 g and aged between 3 and 5 months, were housed in standard laboratory environments (60% humidity, 20°C-25°C, and typical field rearing), and the animals were randomly divided into four groups, each containing eight rabbits. The control Group S represented the control group, while Group S1 received camel milk (15 mL/day) orally once daily. The Group S2 received a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight (BW) of the drug aspirin once daily oral dose. Whereas the Group S3 received a 15 mL/day dose of camel milk, Group S3 received camel milk 15 mL/day together with aspirin 150 mg/kg BW/day. The drug aspirin was administered once daily. The experiment lasted for a period of 70 days in a controlled environmental laboratory after performing a histopathological examination of the stomach tissues, as well as a biochemical analysis of liver function markers. The incidence and severity of gastric ulcers were significantly reduced in the camel milk-treated group compared to the aspirin group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, the significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in liver function were observed in variation in ALT, DB, TP, albumin, and ALP in Group S1 in comparison to Group S. The results show a nonsignificant decrease in AST and TB levels in both Groups S1 and S3, compared to Group S. The histological results also showed a decrease in inflammatory infiltration and tissue damage in the rabbit Group S3 compared to the Group S2 that consumed aspirin only. In conclusion, the results showed that one of the properties of camel milk, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, is highly effective in preventing and treating aspirin-induced gastric and liver damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2850214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13326578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148376406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}