Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Detection and Multidrug Resistance of Shigella spp. Isolated from Wild Waterfowl and Migratory Birds in Bangladesh","authors":"Jarna Karmoker, M. Saiful Islam, Md. Liton Rana, Md. Ashek Ullah, Fahim Haque Neloy, Nahian Muniath Oishy, Pritom Kumar Pramanik, M. P. Siddique, S. Saha, M. T. Tanvir Rahman","doi":"10.1155/2023/5374216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5374216","url":null,"abstract":"Birds, especially wild waterfowl and migratory birds have the potential to carry antibiotic-resistant bacteria, but their role in the dissemination of these resistant pathogens is still neglected in Bangladesh. To the best of our knowledge, this study was carried out for the first time in Bangladesh to isolate and determine the occurrence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Shigella spp. from fecal materials of wild waterfowl and migratory birds. A total of 80 fecal materials from wild waterfowl (n = 50) and migratory birds (n = 30) were screened to detect MDR Shigella isolates. Shigella spp. were isolated and identified by culturing, staining, and biochemical tests followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A disk diffusion assay was employed to investigate antibiotic phenotypes, while the resistance genes were detected by PCR. Among the 80 samples, 15 (18.75%) were found positive for Shigella spp. by PCR, among which the occurrence rate of Shigella spp. was higher in migratory birds (20%, 6/30) than in wild waterfowl (18%, 9/50). By the disk diffusion test, 86.67% (13/15) of Shigella spp. isolates were found to be MDR in nature, including 93.33% of isolates resistant to imipenem. Moreover, frequent and moderate resistance was also observed against tetracycline (86.67%), azithromycin (80%), ampicillin (66.67%), ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole (40%), meropenem (26.67%), and streptomycin (13.33%). The bivariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between the resistance profiles of ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole, imipenem and tetracycline, tetracycline and ampicillin, and imipenem and azithromycin. Furthermore, the isolates had a multiple antibiotic resistance index of up to 0.47. Antibiotic resistance genes tetA and SHV were found in 69.23% and 50% of relevant antibiotic-resistant Shigella spp. isolates, respectively. The present study suggests that wild waterfowl and migratory birds are reservoirs of MDR Shigella spp., which may have detrimental impacts on One Health components. We suggest keeping these birds under an AMR monitoring program to avoid the possibility of AMR contamination of the environment and its consequences in all health settings.","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72773756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between Post-Thaw Spermatozoa Quality of the Endangered Javan Banteng with OPN Gene Expression.","authors":"Vincentia Trisna Yoelinda, Raden Iis Arifiantini, Dedy Duryadi Solihin, Muhammad Agil, Dedi Rahmat Setiadi, Tulus Maulana, Bambang Purwantara, Yohana Tri Hastuti, Jansen Manansang, Dondin Sajuthi","doi":"10.1155/2023/9982422","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/9982422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of ex situ conservation facilities or captivity through captive breeding programs is essential in the conservation of the endangered Javan banteng. The development of semen cryopreservation may assist on one side of the conservation plan. However, the male Javan banteng reproductive capability must be considered as it influences the targeted outputs. Studying the potential biomarker for fertility such as osteopontin gene expression is also expected to help predict male fertility. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the quality of spermatozoa after thawing to help predict the male reproductive capability of Javan banteng. Furthermore, this study investigated the potential role of osteopontin gene expression in male Javan banteng fertility. A positive reinforcement approach was used to accustom the male and female animals as we focused on establishing a collection procedure using neither sedation nor anaesthesia. Semen samples were collected at Taman Safari Indonesia, Bogor, in accordance with the female banteng receptivity. Semen samples were then evaluated and then cryopreserved under field conditions. Our study showed the different predicted reproductive capability of the Javan banteng based on the post-thaw spermatozoa quality, which showed significant differences. The OPN gene showed positive correlations with the progressive motility (<i>r</i> = 0.711, <i>p</i> = 0.048), viability (<i>r</i> = 0.822, <i>p</i> = 0.012), and acrosomal integrity (<i>r</i> = 0.665, <i>p</i> = 0.072) of Javan banteng spermatozoa after thawing. Our study demonstrated the predicted Javan banteng reproductive capability based on various post-thaw spermatozoa variables. This finding is also the first report on the OPN gene potential to be developed as the assessment tool of post-thaw spermatozoa quality of the male Javan banteng. The findings in our study may help give recommendations for future breeding programs, especially in the ex situ conservation sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9982422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10338126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9819950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of <i>Lactobacillus farciminis</i> and <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> on Growth, Blood Biochemical, and Meat Quality Indicators of Specific Pathogen-Free Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Sabine Eglite, Aija Ilgaza, Lauma Mancevica, Maksims Zolovs","doi":"10.1155/2023/6297068","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/6297068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of <i>Lactobacillus farciminis</i> and <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> on live weight gain, feed consumption indicators, and some metabolic blood biochemical and meat quality indicators of specific pathogen-free Ross 308 broiler chickens. We carried out the study in three trials and included a total of 780 unsexed Ross 308 chickens, which we randomly divided into two groups: the control group (Con, <i>n</i> = 390, basal diet) and the probiotic group (ProL, <i>n</i> = 390, basal diet + a powder consisting of <i>L. farciminis</i> and <i>L. rhamnosus</i> 4 g/10 kg of feed). We raised broilers until day 35. We determined the amount of feed consumed, the average daily weight gain, the feed conversion ratio, the average daily feed intake, and the cumulative feed intake once a week. We collected blood samples from 45 broilers from each group at the end of the study. In addition, we slaughtered 30 broilers from each group by cervical dislocation to obtain a breast muscle sample (without skin) to determine meat quality in these chickens (cholesterol and unsaturated, omega-3, omega-6, omega-9, and saturated fatty acids). Feeding a probiotic mixture containing <i>L. farciminis</i> and <i>L. rhamnosus</i> did not significantly affect the growth and feed intake indicators. Feeding these probiotics significantly lowered the blood serum cholesterol levels but did not provide the expected reduction in meat cholesterol levels. However, feeding a probiotic mixture increased the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) in the breast meat and decreased saturated fatty acids. To better explain the effect of the combination of lactic acid bacteria (<i>L. farciminis</i> and <i>L. rhamnosus</i>) on the growth and development of broiler chickens in our study, histological and immunohistochemical examinations should be performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"6297068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9820520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Prevalence of Brucella Species Circulating among Cattle Slaughtered in the Douala and Buea Municipalities of Cameroon","authors":"Seraphine Mojoko Eko, S. Esemu, A. Njouendou, A. J. Kfusi, N. Anong, L. Ndip","doi":"10.1155/2023/2068948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2068948","url":null,"abstract":"Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease affecting the livestock sector in low-income countries. Cameroon, a lower-middle-income country in sub-Saharan Africa, has reported the prevalence of brucellosis in regions where livestock rearing is the principal economic activity. However, the presence of the disease has not been reported in southern regions receiving cattle for consumption by their population. In addition, there is no report on the Brucella species circulating in Cameroon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle slaughtered in the Buea and Douala slaughterhouses and identify the Brucella species circulating among these animals. A total of 576 cattle serum samples were collected from the Buea and Douala slaughterhouses and analysed by ELISA. Following the ELISA assay, all samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The bcsp31 gene primers were used for the genus-specific PCR. All bcsp31-positive samples were subjected to species-specific PCR. Primers targeting the IS711 gene sequence were used to identify the abortus-melitensis-ovis-suis species. The prevalence of brucellosis in both locations was 3.1% and 5.4% using the ELISA and PCR assays, respectively. Out of the 18 ELISA-positive samples, 5 (27%) were positive with PCR, while 26 (4.7%) of the ELISA-negative samples were positive with PCR. The Brucella species in circulation were identified using the Sanger sequencing technique. The sequences were 99.3% to 100% identical to the B. abortus strain BJ1-23 and the B. abortus strain BJ1-1 of the 31 kDa antigen (bcsp31) gene from India. This is the first report on the genotypic characterisation of Brucella species in Cameroon and confirms brucellosis in cattle at the Buea and Douala slaughterhouses.","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82376804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Prevalence and Risk Factors of <i>Campylobacter</i> Infection in Puppies in the Nairobi Metropolitan Region, Kenya.","authors":"Sharon N Mbindyo, Jafred M A Kitaa, Tequiero O Abuom, Gabriel O Aboge, Daniel W Muasya, Beatrice W Muchira, Nduhiu Gitahi, Charles M Mulei","doi":"10.1155/2023/8813405","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/8813405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Campylobacter</i> species are widely distributed pathogens; however, data on its epidemiology in puppies remain scanty, especially in Kenya. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nairobi Metropolitan Region to determine molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of <i>Campylobacter</i> species infection in puppies. A total of 260 rectal swabs were collected from puppies from breeding kennels, shelters, and the University of Nairobi Veterinary Teaching and Referral Hospital. The samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for identification of <i>Campylobacter</i> species. Data on potential risk factors associated with puppy exposure were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression analyses were performed with kennels as random effects. <i>Campylobacter</i> species were detected in 64 of the 260 sampled puppies yielding an overall prevalence of 24.6%. Multivariable results showed that puppies from shelters, puppies from kennels that are washed daily, puppies with a recent history of vomiting, and those treated with antibiotics in the past month were significantly associated with the presence of <i>Campylobacter</i> species. Being a kenneled puppy and having had concurrent bacterial infections were identified as protective factors. This study provides molecular evidence of puppy exposure to <i>Campylobacter</i> species which could have impact on puppy health and highlights the need to develop awareness and management strategies to potentially reduce the risk of transmitting this pathogen among puppies, to humans, and other animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"8813405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10118876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9443784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age as a Determinant of the Effectiveness of Intravaginal Sponges Impregnated with Progestin and Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin for Multiple Births Induction of Awassi Ewes","authors":"A. Daham, A. Jaber, Jabbar A. A. Al-Saaidi","doi":"10.1155/2023/9800053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9800053","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of age in the effectiveness of intravaginal progestin-impregnated sponges (IPIS) along with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) on the multiple birth rates of Awassi ewes. One hundred mature ewes (live weight was 35–40 kg and age 2–5 years) were allocated to three groups according to their ages (n = 29, 2-3 years;n = 34, 3-4 years; and n = 37, 4-5 years). All ewes were impregnated with IPIS, injected with 20 mg cronolone, for 14 days, and eCG (400 IU, i.m.) at sponges withdrawal. All treated ewes came to estrus (100%); the highest twining rate was recorded in ewes aged 2-3 years, while the highest triple rate were found in those aged 3-4 years. A negative correlation coefficient was recorded between the age of treated ewes and the multiple births. In conclusion, the best age of Awassi ewes for estrus synchronization programs and multiple birth outcomes using IPIS along with eCG is 2–4 years.","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81855598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Erythritol Injection in Decreasing of Abortion Rate in Local Breed Ewes.","authors":"Maher Saber Owain,&nbsp;Mustafa Salah Hasan,&nbsp;Ali Ghazi Atiyah","doi":"10.1155/2023/8197703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8197703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study designed to evaluate the effect of Erythritol injection in decreasing of abortion rate in local breed ewes. Fifty pregnant ewes from local breed aged 2-4 years with a history of abortion except G1, were fed ad libitum hay and grains with water. The study was carried out in Salah Aldein province at special farm at a period of July-November 2022. These animals were tests for brucella by using rose Bengal and ELISA at zero day for confirmation; these animals were divided into 5 groups: G1 was brucella -ve and pregnant at 60 days, G2 was brucella +ve and pregnant at 60 days, G3 brucella+ve pregnant animals and treated by antibiotics gentamicin 10%, 3 ml/animal for 3 days, G4 brucella +ve and pregnant and giving erythritol, 10 ml S/C of 10% solution (solve in water and glycerol), and G5 was brucella +ve, and all pregnant and giving Erythritol+ gentamycin 10%, 3 ml/animal for 3 days. The experiment takes 12 weeks. Blood was withdrawn at different times of experiment (0, 2 weeks and end of experiment). The seroprevalence of brucellosis was shown that all animals at G4 and G5 where seropositive after 14 days of experiment, at end of pregnancy the seropositivity were highly significantly in G4 and G5 as compared with another groups. The current results showed that percentages of abortion were higher in G2, followed by G3, while it has been reduced significantly in G4 and G1. In conclusion, Erythritol alone can decrease the rate of abortion by making the bacteria extracellular far from placenta and evading of infection by immunity and/or gentamicin injection. Also, erythritol can be used as elicit diagnosis of brucellosis in latent infected animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"8197703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9416369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Laying Hens Mycosis Caused by <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i>.","authors":"Ramziya M Potekhina,&nbsp;Evgenya Yu Tarasova,&nbsp;Lilia E Matrosova,&nbsp;Nail I Khammadov,&nbsp;Alexander M Saifutdinov,&nbsp;Olga K Ermolaeva,&nbsp;Svetlana A Tanaseva,&nbsp;Nailya N Mishina,&nbsp;Gali N Nigmatulin,&nbsp;Aisylu Z Mukharlyamova,&nbsp;Sergey Yu Smolentsev,&nbsp;Eduard I Semenov","doi":"10.1155/2023/5281260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5281260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, we present the first case report of a chicken mycosis caused by <i>F. proliferatum</i> occurred on a private farm in the Russian Federation. Lesions on the skin of the legs and scallops were reported. The object of this study was samples of feed and pathological material from sick hens-layers. Mycological analysis included determination of the total number of fungi (TNF) and identification and determination of the toxicity and pathogenicity of the isolates. The identification of the isolate was carried out taking into account direct microscopy, morphological features, and the method of molecular genetic analysis. Microscopic fungi of the genus <i>Penicillium</i> and <i>Rhizopus</i> were isolated by mycological analysis of the feed. The test feed was nontoxic. Mycological examination of pathological material (scrapings from the combs and affected legs) identified an isolate of <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i>, which showed toxicity on biological objects (protozoa, rabbits) and pathogenicity (white mice). Dermal application of <i>F. proliferatum</i> suspension was accompanied by reddening of the rabbit skin. Intraperitoneal injection of fungal spores caused mycosis in white mice. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) made it possible to identify this type of microscopic fungus (<i>F. proliferatum</i>) with high accuracy in the samples under study. The research results allow us to consider <i>F. proliferatum</i> as a cause of poultry disease against the background of predisposing factors in the form of desquamation of the stratum corneum of the skin against the background of immunosuppression and metabolic disorders caused by an imbalance in the diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5281260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10164870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9453329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromyography of the External Anal Sphincter during Micturition and Electrophysiological Bulbocavernosus Reflex in Healthy Spayed Female Canines.","authors":"Nicha Mongkolrat,&nbsp;Areerath Akatvipat,&nbsp;Phitchaya Saenubol,&nbsp;Pachara Pornnimitara,&nbsp;Sukolrat Boonyayatra,&nbsp;Siam Tongprasert","doi":"10.1155/2023/3822212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3822212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to find methods and interferences and illustrate the pattern of external anal sphincter (EAS) electromyography (EMG) during micturition and to determine reference intervals of electrophysiological bulbocavernosus reflex (EBCR) by using robust statistical methods in healthy spayed female canines. Ten healthy spayed female canines (no breed restriction) with a body weight of 11.3-18 kg were enrolled. EAS EMG during micturition and the EBCR test were performed under light general anesthesia. Altogether 25 out of 34 EAS EMG showed a similar pattern, including low-amplitude high-frequency bursting pattern before voiding, medium- or high-amplitude low-frequency bursting pattern at the beginning of voiding, oscillate medium- and/or high-amplitude low-frequency bursting with a low-amplitude high-frequency bursting pattern during voiding, and high-amplitude high-frequency bursting pattern at the end of voiding. An average of 100 consecutive stimulations of EBCR for one cycle were performed in each dog and another cycle was repeated to ensure reproducibility. The lower and upper limits of the reference interval of EBCR onset latency values and EBCR mean amplitude values were calculated using both standard and robust methods with untransformed and transformed Box-Cox data. The EBCR onset latency was between 13.85 and 27.44 milliseconds, whereas the EBCR mean baseline to peak amplitude was not transformed with Box-Cox transformation. All EBCR compound muscle action potentials started with a negative sharp wave, which tapers from the baseline in the upward direction, showing an upturned bell-shaped curve. In conclusion, this study was possibly the first to examine the method and provide the electrographic pattern of EAS EMG during micturition and reference intervals of EBCR onset latency in spayed female dogs, which may serve as baseline information to help veterinarians differentiate healthy from diseased dogs. Further studies should compare normal dogs and dogs with lower urinary tract abnormalities at different lesion locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"3822212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9902114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10674738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycopene in Feed as Antioxidant and Immuno-Modulator Improves Broiler Chicken's Performance under Heat-Stress Conditions.","authors":"Dalila Fadhila Hidayat,&nbsp;Mohamad Yusril Nur Mahendra,&nbsp;Juriah Kamaludeen,&nbsp;Herinda Pertiwi","doi":"10.1155/2023/5418081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5418081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lycopene is a type of carotenoid pigment widely distributed in various plants and fruits, with tomatoes, carrots, and guava being the most abundant sources. Due to its high content of beneficial active components, lycopene has been used in medicine, where it is employed as a dietary additive for cancer therapy, immune modulator, and feed additive to improve livestock productivity. Lycopene is a lipophilic substance that can act as either a prooxidant or a free radical scavenger and is particularly efficient in enhancing broiler performance. Furthermore, lycopene can alleviate heat stress by improving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT), as well as increasing the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and nuclear muscle factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while simultaneously reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and muscle Keap1 expression. In addition, lycopene can improve broiler fertility by enhancing sperm performance and reducing inflammation by modulating the levels of interleukin 1, 2, and 10 (IL-1, IL-2, and IL-10) in cases of infection. In cases of disease by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), lycopene can modulate interferon-<i>γ</i> (IFN-<i>γ</i>), IL-1, claudin-1 (CLDN-1), and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Furthermore, under the lipopolysaccharide challenge, lycopene can increase the relative weights of immune organ indices such as the bursal, spleen, and thymus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5418081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10325881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}