Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Electromyography of the External Anal Sphincter during Micturition and Electrophysiological Bulbocavernosus Reflex in Healthy Spayed Female Canines.","authors":"Nicha Mongkolrat,&nbsp;Areerath Akatvipat,&nbsp;Phitchaya Saenubol,&nbsp;Pachara Pornnimitara,&nbsp;Sukolrat Boonyayatra,&nbsp;Siam Tongprasert","doi":"10.1155/2023/3822212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3822212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to find methods and interferences and illustrate the pattern of external anal sphincter (EAS) electromyography (EMG) during micturition and to determine reference intervals of electrophysiological bulbocavernosus reflex (EBCR) by using robust statistical methods in healthy spayed female canines. Ten healthy spayed female canines (no breed restriction) with a body weight of 11.3-18 kg were enrolled. EAS EMG during micturition and the EBCR test were performed under light general anesthesia. Altogether 25 out of 34 EAS EMG showed a similar pattern, including low-amplitude high-frequency bursting pattern before voiding, medium- or high-amplitude low-frequency bursting pattern at the beginning of voiding, oscillate medium- and/or high-amplitude low-frequency bursting with a low-amplitude high-frequency bursting pattern during voiding, and high-amplitude high-frequency bursting pattern at the end of voiding. An average of 100 consecutive stimulations of EBCR for one cycle were performed in each dog and another cycle was repeated to ensure reproducibility. The lower and upper limits of the reference interval of EBCR onset latency values and EBCR mean amplitude values were calculated using both standard and robust methods with untransformed and transformed Box-Cox data. The EBCR onset latency was between 13.85 and 27.44 milliseconds, whereas the EBCR mean baseline to peak amplitude was not transformed with Box-Cox transformation. All EBCR compound muscle action potentials started with a negative sharp wave, which tapers from the baseline in the upward direction, showing an upturned bell-shaped curve. In conclusion, this study was possibly the first to examine the method and provide the electrographic pattern of EAS EMG during micturition and reference intervals of EBCR onset latency in spayed female dogs, which may serve as baseline information to help veterinarians differentiate healthy from diseased dogs. Further studies should compare normal dogs and dogs with lower urinary tract abnormalities at different lesion locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"3822212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9902114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10674738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycopene in Feed as Antioxidant and Immuno-Modulator Improves Broiler Chicken's Performance under Heat-Stress Conditions.","authors":"Dalila Fadhila Hidayat,&nbsp;Mohamad Yusril Nur Mahendra,&nbsp;Juriah Kamaludeen,&nbsp;Herinda Pertiwi","doi":"10.1155/2023/5418081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5418081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lycopene is a type of carotenoid pigment widely distributed in various plants and fruits, with tomatoes, carrots, and guava being the most abundant sources. Due to its high content of beneficial active components, lycopene has been used in medicine, where it is employed as a dietary additive for cancer therapy, immune modulator, and feed additive to improve livestock productivity. Lycopene is a lipophilic substance that can act as either a prooxidant or a free radical scavenger and is particularly efficient in enhancing broiler performance. Furthermore, lycopene can alleviate heat stress by improving the activity of various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT), as well as increasing the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and nuclear muscle factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while simultaneously reducing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and muscle Keap1 expression. In addition, lycopene can improve broiler fertility by enhancing sperm performance and reducing inflammation by modulating the levels of interleukin 1, 2, and 10 (IL-1, IL-2, and IL-10) in cases of infection. In cases of disease by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), lycopene can modulate interferon-<i>γ</i> (IFN-<i>γ</i>), IL-1, claudin-1 (CLDN-1), and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Furthermore, under the lipopolysaccharide challenge, lycopene can increase the relative weights of immune organ indices such as the bursal, spleen, and thymus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"5418081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10325881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Plasma Rich in Platelets (PRP) on the Ocular Microbiota of Healthy Horses from Minas Gerais: <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Luis E C Torres,&nbsp;Camilo O Florez,&nbsp;Jéssica G Oliveira,&nbsp;Giovanna D Vieira,&nbsp;Ilza S Ribeiro,&nbsp;Kelly M Keller,&nbsp;Fabíola O P Leme,&nbsp;Priscila Fantini,&nbsp;Renata P A Maranhão","doi":"10.1155/2023/2407768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2407768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In equine ophthalmology, ulcerative keratitis is among the most common conditions and, in general, arises as a consequence of some trauma suffered. Secondarily, subsequent contamination by pathogenic or resident bacteria of the horse's ocular microbiota may have undesirable consequences. Under physiological conditions, the normal microbiota coexists with the immune status of the host, serving as a barrier, ensuring the health of the ocular surface, and inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens. However, in the imbalance of immune barriers, the normal microbiota can become pathogenic and lead to infection, acting as an opportunistic agent. The present study aims to demonstrate the antimicrobial effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), its time of action, and its correlation with the concentration of its same components <i>in vitro</i> on <i>Staphylococcus sciuri</i>, a bacterium with high prevalence in the normal ocular microbiota of horses in the municipality of Minas Gerais. For the preparation of the PRP, eight adult Quarter Horse (QH) horses were used. The individual PRP was prepared by the double centrifugation protocol, and then, the PRPs were added to a pool, followed by testing their interaction in culture with Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth at different dilutions against five strains collected from different animals. After 3, 6, 12, and 18 hours, the colony formation units (CFU) count on a 5% horse blood agar plate was evaluated for each time point. Our study showed that <i>Staphylococcus sciuri</i>, the resident microorganism of the ocular conjunctival microbiota of horses, is more susceptible when compared to the standard strain \"American Type Culture Collection\" (ATCC-29213) <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, a pathogenic microorganism, which was used for the validation of our study. The antibacterial effect shown in this study was bacteriostatic for up to 6 hours. The most concentrated PRP dilutions, 1 : 1 and 1 : 2, were also most effective, suggesting that the antibacterial effect is volume dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"2407768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10447163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10427451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-6: Its Pharmacology, Effect on the Broiler Production, and Health.","authors":"Mohamad Yusril Nur Mahendra,&nbsp;Juriah Kamaludeen,&nbsp;Herinda Pertiwi","doi":"10.1155/2023/3220344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3220344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipids and oils are the primary sources of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA), which are necessary for human and animal health. Omega-3 and omega-6 are essential nutrients for broilers. Omega-6 members, such as linolenic acid, are essential for broilers and must be obtained through feed. Vegetable oils are the primary source of omega-6 added to broiler feeds. Unsaturated fatty acids are better digested and absorbed than saturated fatty acids and generate more energy at a lower cost, boosting productivity. Feeding supplements with omega-6 can increase the fatty acid content in meat and increase weight, carcass, viscera, and FCR. The quality of meat taste and antioxidant content was also improved after giving omega-6 and influencing mineral metabolism. Broiler reproductive performance is also enhanced by reducing late embryonic mortality, hence enhancing fertility, hatchability, sperm quality, and sperm quantity. Meanwhile, for broiler health, omega-6 can lower cholesterol levels, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein. It also supports support for T-helper cell (TH)-2-like IgG titers, increasing prostaglandins, eicosanoids, and antioxidants. In addition, it also supports anti-inflammation. Other researchers have extensively researched and reviewed studies on the effects of omega-6 on poultry. Meanwhile, in this review, we provide new findings to complement previous studies. However, further studies regarding the effects of omega-6 on other poultry are needed to determine the performance of omega-6 more broadly.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"3220344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9995196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9096966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Administration of <i>Spirulina platensis</i> at Early Gestation Modulates Litter Size and the Expression of Inhibin, Insulin, IGF-I, CO Q10, and BMP-15 in Ewes Induced for Twinning.","authors":"Moustafa Zeitoun,&nbsp;Mohamed Ali,&nbsp;Tariq Almundarij,&nbsp;Emad Mousa,&nbsp;Ahmed Alghonaim","doi":"10.1155/2023/7682533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7682533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestation in sheep necessitates the support of nutrients to avoid early embryonic mortalities. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of supplementing either L-arginine or Spirulina alga in the first trimester on the pregnancy rate, litter size, inhibin, insulin, IGF-I, CO Q10, and bone morphogenetic peptide 15 (BMP15) in maternal circulation. Animals were offered barley (500 g/head/day, 14% CP), alfalfa hay (1 kg/head/day, 12% CP), clean water, and balanced salt block licks as free choices. Forty <i>Noemi</i> and <i>Najdi</i> ewes were randomly allotted into three groups: control (C, <i>n</i> = 8), L-arginine (ARG, <i>n</i> = 16), and Spirulina (SP, <i>n</i> = 16). All females were implanted with CIDR for ten days. On days 8, 9, and 10, treated ewes were given a protocol comprised of human recombinant FSH at descending doses (50, 50, 40, 40, and 30, 30 IU, A.M, and P.M, respectively). At the fifth dose, animals were given an equivalent dose of hCG (240 IU). After CIDR withdrawal, ewes were exposed to fertile rams for mating. SP-ewes were orally given 50 ml (2%) Spirulina, and ARG-ewes were given 50 ml (35 mg/kg BW) L-arginine daily for 50 days postbreeding. Blood inhibin, insulin, IGF-I, CO Q10, and BMP15 were determined throughout gestation until parturition. The findings indicated that the conception rates were 25, 75, and 87.5% in C, ARG, and SP, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The percent of ewes giving birth to twins was 0, 25, and 50% in C, ARG, and SP, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The survival rates were 100, 81.8, and 83.3%, respectively. Birth weight was 5.6, 3.2, and 3.4 kg in C, ARG, and SP, respectively. Weaning weights were 28.3, 25.6, and 27.2 kg in C, ARG, and SP, respectively. BMP-15 was reduced (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in ARG than in C and SP. However, SP decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) inhibin more than in C and ARG. ARG and SP increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) insulin than in C, whereas SP decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) IGF-I. SP increased CO Q10 compared with ARG. Ewes bearing twins revealed higher (<i>P</i> < 0.05) IGF-I (8.57 ng/ml) than those bearing singles (4.63 ng/ml); however, BMP-15 was higher in single (796.6 pg/ml) than in twin-bearing (387.5 pg/ml) ewes. In conclusion, providing early-gestating ewes with Spirulina enhances maternal health, productivity, and reproductive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"7682533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9851789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9133738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization of <i>Pasteurella multocida</i> Causing Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Indonesia.","authors":"Muhammad Ibrahim Desem,&nbsp;Ekowati Handharyani,&nbsp;Agus Setiyono,&nbsp;Safika Safika,&nbsp;Didik Tulus Subekti,&nbsp;Fitrine Ekawasti","doi":"10.1155/2023/7778707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7778707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pasteurella multocida</i> is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) in buffaloes and cattle. The disease causes serious problems in Indonesian livestock and is classified as a serious transmissible animal disease. Previous research has determined the diversity of <i>P. multocida</i> using a serotyping method based on the antigenic properties of capsule polysaccharides. An alternative method for analysis utilizes sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). This study aimed to characterize and determine <i>P. multocida</i> diversity in several regions of Indonesia based on phenotypic character, protein profile, and the band pattern of RAPD results. Bacterial identification was performed using traditional biochemical techniques and API® 20NE systems and then confirmed molecularly using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The freeze-thawing technique was performed to obtain the bacterial protein extract, and DNA extraction was executed using DNAzol. The extracted protein and RAPD product were then electrophoresed on 12% polyacrylamide gel and 1.5% agarose gel, respectively. The results indicate that the molecular weight range of the protein bands is 12-209 kDa, and the band pattern of the RAPD results ranged from 307-3,100 bp. Based on phenotypical analysis, <i>P. multocida</i> from South Sulawesi Province exhibited a variety of growth characteristics in MacConkey agar media. Using the hierarchical clustering analysis of the band patterns of RAPD and the whole-cell protein profiles, four and five clusters were formed, respectively. These results indicate molecular diversity among <i>P. multocida</i> from several regions of Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"7778707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10024624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9163576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and Risk Factors of Brucellosis in Commercial Cattle Farms from Selected Districts of the Eastern Coast Zone, Tanzania.","authors":"James P Warioba,&nbsp;Esron D Karimuribo,&nbsp;Erick V G Komba,&nbsp;Mwemezi L Kabululu,&nbsp;Godwin A Minga,&nbsp;Hezron E Nonga","doi":"10.1155/2023/4904931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4904931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis is a disease of major socio-economic importance worldwide, particularly in low-income countries. This retrospective study aimed to estimate seroprevalence and risk factors associated with brucellosis in commercial cattle farms in the eastern coast zone of Tanzania (ECZT). A total of 1,052 serum samples collected from 20 commercial farms were subjected to rose bengal plate test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA). Descriptive analysis was employed to determine frequencies and proportions. To establish risk factors, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out using a backward elimination procedure, following a univariate analysis, with 0.1 set as a cut-off point for the selection of putative risk factors. Agreement between RBPT and i-ELISA was determined using a Kappa coefficient (<i>κ</i>). The overall animal-level seroprevalence was 25.9% based on i-ELISA. Logistic regression analysis revealed that odds of infection were significantly higher in females (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.5, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and in young animals than in adults (OR = 3.6, CI: 2.1-6.2, <i>p</i> < 0.001). In addition, odds of infection were higher during the wet season (OR = 3.4, CI: 3.2-5.2, <i>p</i> < 0.001), in cattle reared in rural farms (OR = 4.8, CI: 2.0-11.5, <i>p</i> < 0.001), in cattle reared in areas, not in contact with wildlife (OR = 2.9, CI: 1.4-2.3, <i>p</i> = 0.004), and in medium-sized farms (OR = 12.5, CI: 6.9-22.9, <i>p</i> < 0.001). These findings confirm that bovine brucellosis was prevalent among commercial cattle farms in the ECZT, posing a serious public health concern to the community living in these settings. The one health approach should be adopted for effective control of brucellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"4904931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9940978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9328277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Florfenicol and Florfenicol Amine Quantification in Bull Serum and Seminal Plasma by a Single Validated UHPLC-MS/MS Method.","authors":"Anisa Bardhi,&nbsp;Juan E Romano,&nbsp;Giampiero Pagliuca,&nbsp;Alice Caneschi,&nbsp;Andrea Barbarossa","doi":"10.1155/2023/6692920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6692920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic belonging to the amphenicols class that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to bacteria's ribosomal subunits. This drug is commonly used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infectious diseases in cattle, swine, poultry, and fish. The proposed method uses a quick protein precipitation with acetonitrile for the extraction of florfenicol and florfenicol amine in serum and seminal plasma, followed by analysis in UHPLC-MS/MS for their simultaneous quantification. A BEH C18 reversed-phase column was chosen for analyte separation, allowing to obtaining sharp and symmetrical peak shapes in a chromatographic run of just 3.5 min under programmed conditions. Two specific transitions were observed for each analyte, and florfenicol-d3 was used as the internal standard. The approach was fully validated in each matrix over ranges suitable for field concentrations of florfenicol and florfenicol amine, showing good linearity during each day of testing (<i>R</i>² always >0.99). Excellent accuracy and precision were demonstrated, for both analytes, by calculated bias always within ±15% and CV% always below 15% at all QC levels tested. The satisfactory outcomes obtained during recovery, matrix effect, and process efficiency investigations in serum and seminal plasma confirmed the strength of the method for the quantification of target compounds. To our knowledge, this is the first LC-MS/MS-validated approach for the quantification of florfenicol and florfenicol amine in serum and seminal plasma and was successfully applied for the determination of their concentration-time profiles in bulls. This paves the way to understanding the pharmacokinetics of this antibiotic and its active metabolite in bull's seminal plasma, which will enable the design of more appropriate treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"6692920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10239301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9576449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of African Swine Fever Viruses Circulating in Can Tho City, Vietnam.","authors":"Nguyen Duc Hien,&nbsp;Le Trung Hoang,&nbsp;To My Quyen,&nbsp;Nguyen Phuc Khanh,&nbsp;Lam Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.1155/2023/8992302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8992302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease in domestic and feral pigs. Since 2018, the disease has spread and caused large socioeconomic consequences to the pig industry in several Asian countries including China, Vietnam, and South Korea. This study aims to determine the genotype, serotype, and genetic variation of representative ASF viruses (ASFV) responsible for the outbreaks in 2019-2022 in Can Tho city, a central administrative province in the Mekong delta, Vietnam. For outbreak investigation, the presence of causative ASFVs was tested using conventional PCR targeting the B646L gene. Subsequently, the amplification and sequencing of the DNA fragments of the putative B646L gene encoding the major capsid protein p72, EP402R gene encoding the viral hemagglutinin CD2-like protein (CD2v), and intergenic region (IGR) between the l73R and I329L genes were performed for molecular characterization. Phylogenetic analyses based on B646L and EP402R genes confirmed that all ASFVs detected in Can Tho city belonged to genotype 2 and serotype 8. In addition, this study revealed that at least two variants of ASFVs, namely, IGR II and IGR III, based on the nucleotide variation of the IGR sequence, cocirculated, and caused outbreaks in Can Tho city. The molecular characterization study provides great significance for understanding the evolution of ASFVs and tracing possible sources of infection in Can Tho and Mekong delta.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"8992302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9911260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10714128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors for Cancer-Specific Survival and Disease-Free Interval of Dogs with Mammary Carcinomas.","authors":"Elaine da Silva Soares,&nbsp;Fabrício Luciani Valente,&nbsp;Carolina Camargos Rocha,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Real Pereira,&nbsp;Thaís Barroso Sarandy,&nbsp;Fabiano Luiz Dulce de Oliveira,&nbsp;Sabrina Loise de Morais Calado,&nbsp;Andréa Pacheco Batista Borges","doi":"10.1155/2023/6890707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6890707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are the most diagnosed neoplasms in dogs; however, there are few studies analyzing the influence of epidemiological, clinicopathological, and histopathological data on cancer-specific survival (CSS), disease-free interval (DFI), and overall survival (OS) in a large cohort. To contribute to the understanding of the biological behavior of this neoplasm, 385 cases were analyzed, 89% malignant, 4% benign, and 7% non-neoplastic lesions. Among the dogs diagnosed with malignant neoplasms, 86% had early clinical stages (I-III), while 14% had regional or distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Carcinoma in a mixed tumor was the most frequent histological type with 44% of the cases and had the best prognosis. Analyzed factors such as the presence of pseudocyesis, previous history of the disease, advanced clinical stage (IV-V), and presence of ulceration obtained significant results for CSS, DFI, and OS through univariate analysis and had a negative impact on the survival of the patients. Multivariate analysis showed that histological grading and age proved to be the best independent parameters for the prognostic evaluation of CSS and DFI in this study. These factors were also significant in the overall survival analysis. Therefore, these parameters should be considered valuable risk and prognostic factors for CMTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2023 ","pages":"6890707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10421712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10053918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}