Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Bovine <i>Deltapapillomavirus</i> in Equine Sarcoids in Egypt.","authors":"Nader Maher Sobhy, Walid Refaai, Rahul Kumar, Christiana Rezk Bottros Youssef, Sagar Mal Goyal","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9773642","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9773642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) commonly cause sarcoids in equines worldwide. Equine sarcoids (ESs) reduce the working ability of draft animals and produce untoward cosmetic changes in racing and dancing equine. In this study, nine horses and 16 donkeys with sarcoids were presented to Zagazig University Veterinary Clinic, Zagazig, Egypt. Of these, eight horses and six donkeys were found to be infected with BPV. On sequencing, all 14 viruses were found to be BPV1, which were distributed in two clades without specific differentiation among papillomaviruses (PVs) of donkeys, horses, and cattle. Comparison of 135 aa (319-454) of the sequenced L1 gene with reference strains revealed three conservative mutations (D346N, Q398E, and F441Y) and two nonconservative mutations (T348N and K351T). Illumina sequencing revealed that PVs of donkeys and horses were identical and had 98.5% identity with the closest reference sequence (KX907623) of BPV1. In addition, there was high identity among all genes except E5 and L2. The substitution ranged between 0.5% (nt) and 0.89% (aa) in E4 and 5.18% (nt) and 6.81% (aa) in E5. These results indicate that BPV1 is the main cause of ESs in Egypt without marked phylogenetic variation among PVs of cattle, horses, and donkeys.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9773642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Associated Risk Factors, and Identification of the Genera of Equine Strongyles in Horses and Donkeys in and Around Bishoftu, Ethiopia.","authors":"Asnakew Mulaw Berihun, Feyisa Bizu, Moges Maru, Seid Kassaw","doi":"10.1155/vmi/3224113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/3224113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Equines play a significant role in the economy of the country. Besides their importance, equines face several challenges mainly helminth infections. Of these strongyle parasites are the most common, particularly in the study area. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2022 to July 2022 to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors and to identify the genera of equine strongyle parasites in and around Bishoftu. A total of 364 equines were randomly selected from five different areas and subjected to coprological examination using the floatation technique to detect strongyle-type eggs. A pooled faecal sample was cultured and subjected to modified Baerman techniques to identify the genus of strongyles. The overall prevalence of strongyle parasites was found to be 56.6% with an occurrence rate of 54.7% in horses and (65.2%) in donkeys. According to the present study, the two important genera identified were <i>Strongylus</i> and <i>Cyathostomum.</i> A higher prevalence of strongyle parasites was recorded in poor body condition (64%), adult (59.3%), female (70.7), and Kality (22%). Among the potential risk factors analyzed, the body condition score of the equines was significantly associated with strongyle infection (<i>χ</i> ² = 76.536 and <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001), while sex, species, age, and origins were not significantly associated with the prevalence of infection (<i>χ</i> ² = 2.644 and <i>p</i> = 0.266), (<i>χ</i> ² = 2.404 and <i>p</i> = 0.121), (<i>χ</i> ² = 0.609 and <i>p</i> = 0.435), and (<i>χ</i> ² = 3.205 and <i>p</i> = 0.524), respectively. In conclusion, strongyle parasites pose a major health problem for equines in the study area. They should focus on improving housing, increasing welfare awareness, implementing seasonal deworming, and enhancing the feeding practices of equines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3224113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Working Animals and Their Welfare Issues in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tarekegn Derbib, Getasew Daru, Senait Kehali, Sinkie Alemu","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7031990","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/7031990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Working animals provide a critical socioeconomic role for many low-income communities, especially in Ethiopia nearly all draft power for agriculture production is generated from working animals. However, the welfare status of working animals remains worst in the country. Hence, understanding the major welfare problems of working animals is the key to improve their welfare status and to maximize their economic contribution. This systematic literature review encompasses 28 studies published between 2010 and 2024 that address the role of working animals and the factors impinging on their welfare. In this review, PRISMA flow diagram was used for literature inclusion and exclusion. In this review, we provide the role of working animals on improving the livelihood of peoples. According to the review, working animals were used as a direct food source, served as draft power, as income source, and also used for other purposes. This review also indicates low treatment to disease and injury, poor access to feed and water, no freedom from beating and distress, low access to safe shelter, and no freedom to express normal behavior are the major welfare problems in Ethiopia. The review also finds the gaps in animal welfare measurement and data analysis method, which should be examined by future researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7031990"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Microbial Quality of Milk and Milk Products and Isolations of Some Major Bacteria in the Central and Northwestern Zones of Tigray, Ethiopia.","authors":"Dawit Gebremichael, Alem Tadesse, Fsahatsion Hailemariam, Birhane Hailay, Hagos Hadgu, Girmay Kalayu","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9989527","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9989527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Safety and quality of milk and milk products are an increasing concern worldwide. Milk and milk products are major causes of milk-borne diseases due to contamination with microorganisms resulting from a lack of standard milk handling procedures and hygienic practices. Thus, the study aims to investigate the microbial quality and safety of cow milk and milk products and isolate some bacteria in Tigray. Questionnaires were conducted to assess milk handling procedures and hygienic practices. Samples were collected from different sampling points in the summer and winter seasons. Laboratory analyses were conducted using microbiological methods. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the results. The overall mean total bacterial counts were 4.94, 6.02, 6.58, and 6.23 log10 CFU/mL for milk samples collected directly from the udder, milk container, cafeteria, and yogurt, respectively. Total bacterial counts exhibited statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) among different sampling points. The bacterial load in the winter season was significantly higher than in the summer season (<i>p</i> < 0.04). Highly significant differences in coliform counts were observed (<i>p</i> < 0.001) with mean values of 4.29, 5.49, 6.22, and 5.86 log10 CFU/mL for milk samples obtained directly from the udder, milk container, cafeteria, and yogurt, respectively. The averages of spore-forming and psychrotrophic counts were 4.13 and 5.40 log10 CFU/mL, respectively. <i>Escherichia coli</i>, Salmonella species, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> exhibited significant variations at different sampling points. The isolation rates of Salmonella spp., <i>E. coli,</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were 41.7%, 75%, and 95.8%, respectively. Total bacterial counts and psychrotrophic counts of the butter were 4.34 and 4.38 log10 CFU/g, respectively. Overall, the results indicate that milk and milk products had high levels of contamination because the bacterial loads were significantly higher than standard limits (5 log10 CFU/mL). Therefore, public education and awareness campaigns on good hygienic practices for dairy farmers and cafeteria owners are essential. Implementation of stringent food quality and safety standards, along with effective regulatory measures, is imperative to ensure safeguard consumer health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9989527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11685325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> in Sheep and Goats in the Tropics: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Prudentia Yensi Lawan, Aziwo Tatanja Niba, Julius Awah-Ndukum","doi":"10.1155/vmi/7881494","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/7881494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sheep and goat influence the socioeconomic sustainability of rural communities in tropical countries, but parasitic diseases and <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> in particular are responsible for their low productivity. The occurrence of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> in most affected regions of the world has been associated to the presence of stray dogs in the grazing area, which play vital roles in the life cycle of the parasite and poor disposal of contaminated and seized offal, organs, and carcasses. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the epidemiology of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> infection in sheep and goats in the tropics between 2010 and 2022 through the analysis of published qualitative and quantitative data on prevalence, risk factors, organ distribution, and interventions. The review showed that goats are more susceptible to <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> than sheep in the tropics, and the prevalence rates based on meat inspection range from 0.45% to 56.8% in sheep and 4.83% to 72.38% in goats. More adult (2.9% to 83.17%) and female (0.96% to 71.42%) were infected than young (2.7% to 61.79%) and male (2.3% to 72.53%) animals. Higher infection rates were reported among animals in highland (7.99% to 73.61%) compared to animals in lowlands (4.70% to 69.69%). Overall, <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> were observed on the abdominal visceral organs but predominantly on the omentum and liver, and affected animals were significantly higher during wet seasons. The review highlights the implementation of the One Health approach to improve understanding of the epidemiology, roles of different hosts, and environmental health in relation to the prevention and control of <i>Cysticercus tenuicollis</i> in the tropics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7881494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Cognitive and Volumetric Changes in the Brain of African Grasscutter (<i>Thryonomys swinderianus</i> (Temminck, 1827)).","authors":"Hounakey M Afanvi, Maman You Esperance Broalet, Ouattara Niemtiah, Yaovi James, Brahima Doukoure, Neme Antoine Tako, Kossi Metowogo, Kwashi Eklu-Gadegbeku, Kodjo Aklikokou","doi":"10.1155/vmi/3349981","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/3349981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The African grasscutter (AGC) (<i>Thryonomys swinderianus</i>) is the second largest rodent in sub-Saharan Africa. It is bred for its organoleptic and culinary properties but also serves as a research model. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age-related changes in brain weight, brain volume, and spatial and nonspatial memory performance in the AGC. A total of forty-two (42) captive-derived AGCs were divided into seven age groups: 6 neonates (6 days), 6 juveniles (1 month), 6 pubertals (3 months), 6 subadults (8 months), 6 young adults (2 years), 6 middle adults (4 years), and 6 old adults (5 years). The subjects were given a series of tests to assess their spatial memory (location test) and their nonspatial memory (object recognition test). Brain samples were then collected using basic neuroanatomical techniques. The weight and volume of the brain samples were determined and their encephalization quotient (EQ) was also calculated. The results showed that spatial and nonspatial memory in AGC develops into adulthood and then declines with age. Mean brain weight increased from neonates to mid-adulthood (5.20 ± 0.31 g-11.76 ± 0.23 g) and decreased in older AGC (11.75 ± 0.22 g). In contrast, the mean weight of the olfactory bulb (OB) increased from neonates to young adults (0.28 ± 0.02 g-0.80 ± 0.03 g) and the cerebellum increased from neonates to older (0.59 ± 0 0.01 g-1.86 ± 0.06 g). Finally, the EQ decreased with age (0.73 ± 0.05-0.29 ± 0.01). Mean brain volume increased with age from neonates to young adult (5 mL-11.25 mL). Conversely, the mean volume of the OB and cerebellum increases from neonates to older age (0.33 ± 0.03 mL-0.95 ± 0.04 mL). This study shows that spatial and nonspatial memory declines during the aging process in AGC. Neonates and juveniles have higher cognitive abilities than adults and older AGC. The weight of the brain, OB, and cerebellum increases from neonates to adult and decreases slightly from middle to old adults. However, the volume of the OB and cerebellum increases with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3349981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Utilization and Its Implications Among Ruminant Farmers and Stakeholders in Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia.","authors":"Nurul Jannah, Fahrunnisa, Yudith Vega Paramitadevi, Heryudianto Vibowo, Fariz Am Kurniawan, Nurul Amri Komarudin, Aceng Hidayat","doi":"10.1155/vmi/6519659","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/6519659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in antimicrobial resistance is a vital concern, and various factors, such as the overuse of antibiotics in agriculture, have contributed to its development and spread. Livestock farmers, veterinarians, and pharmacies are key prescribers of antibiotics for disease prevention, control, and treatment of ruminant animals. A qualitative study in the Sumbawa District examined their awareness, attitudes, and practices concerning antibiotic use, residues, and resistance, underscoring their vital role in tackling this challenge. The study utilized nine key informant interviews, sixteen in-depth interviews, a single focus group discussion, and on-farm observations using semistructured formats and thematic analysis to identify and explore themes. This revealed a common practice of antibiotic self-medication among ruminant farmers in the Sumbawa Regency, driven by limited knowledge and leading to medicine store purchases based on advice from veterinary paraprofessionals or for unregulated self-treatment. Factors contributing to antibiotic misuse include trust in veterinary paraprofessionals, economic limitations, lack of targeted antiresistance programs, and insufficient regulation of antibiotic sales. Enhancing veterinary paraprofessionals' awareness of their ethical duties, launching educational programs for actors, providing financial support for these initiatives, and strict enforcement of regulations by the local government are strategies that could collectively promote responsible antibiotic use and stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6519659"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Ozonated Jerusalem Artichoke Ointment on the Healing of Surgically Created Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wounds in Rabbits.","authors":"Ali Ghazi Atiyah, Mustafa Salah Hasan, Maher Saber Owain","doi":"10.1155/vmi/9966943","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/9966943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Jerusalem artichoke (J.A.) tubers contain compounds that exhibit anti-inflammatory effects and can minimize tissue damage. Ozone is an alternative antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agent for promoting tissue regeneration. The present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the ozonated J.A. ointment on a surgically created full-thickness cutaneous wound in rabbit models. The previously prepared J.A. ointment was ozonated using a Herrmann generator, followed by a subsequent evaluation of its physical and antibacterial properties. Thirty healthy male albino rabbits were used in this study. The animals were divided into two equal groups: the control and treated group. An excisional wound model was used to assess wound healing activities. All of the animals underwent surgical preparation of their dorsal surfaces, and excisional lesions of 3 cm in diameter were created on each animal's dorsal surface of the thoracolumbar region. In the control group, the wounds were left untreated. The animals in the treatment group received a topical application of ozonated J.A. ointment twice daily for five days following the injury. The animals were euthanized on Days 7, 14, and 21 after the injury for histological evaluation. The agar well diffusion method demonstrated the antimicrobial efficacy of the ozonated J.A. ointment. Also, macroscopic and histopathological results showed a significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increase in wound area contraction with enhancement re-epithelization in the treated group compared to the control group. In conclusion, the ozonated ointment derived from J.A. tubers has antibacterial properties and can promote and enhance the wound healing process.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9966943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Serum Protein Profile in Laying Hens Housed in a Cage-Free System.","authors":"Csilla Tóthová, Edina Sesztáková, Blanka Galiková, Veronika Glembová, Veronika Oršuľaková, Oskar Nagy","doi":"10.1155/vmi/4135744","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/4135744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to characterize the distribution of serum proteins in laying hens reared under cage-free open farm conditions and to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of serum protein fractions throughout the 1-year laying period. Ten Dekalb White white-egg-laying hens were blood sampled from the wing vein at 17, 22, 29, 38, 50, 60, and 70 weeks of age. Egg laying was observed at 18 weeks of age. The average daily egg production in the initial phase of laying (week 22) was 6.3, reaching the maximum (8.5 eggs) in week 38. After a slight decrease, from week 60, the egg production increased repeatedly and stayed relatively constant till the end of the study (8.1-8.3 eggs). The serum samples were analyzed for the concentrations of total proteins and the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins. Five protein fractions were identified on the serum protein electrophoretogram of the hens, including albumin, <i>α</i> ₁-, <i>α</i> ₂-, <i>β</i>-, and <i>γ</i>-globulins. The size and shape of the fractions differed significantly according to the stage of the laying period. Significant changes were detected in the ratio of all individual protein fractions as well as in the concentrations of total proteins and protein fractions. The concentrations of total proteins, albumin, <i>α</i> ₂-, <i>β</i>-, and <i>γ</i>-globulins decreased significantly after the beginning of egg production compared to values recorded before laying (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and started to increase after reaching the maximum egg production in week 38. The A/G ratios were higher before and at the beginning of the laying period, and the lowest values were obtained in weeks with the highest egg production. These findings suggest that the beginning of egg production is the most critical period in the laying cycle of hens reared under alternative farming conditions characterized by the most marked alterations in the serum protein profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4135744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11646146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Molecular Identification of <i>Coenurus cerebralis</i> in Sheep and Goats in Mpwapwa District, Tanzania: Factors to Consider in Control Plans.","authors":"Veneranda Philipo, Athumani Msalale Lupindu, Jahashi Saidi Nzalawahe","doi":"10.1155/vmi/5055115","DOIUrl":"10.1155/vmi/5055115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral coenurosis is a significant disease that affects sheep and goats worldwide. Studies conducted in northern and southern Tanzania have determined its magnitude and determinants. However, limited information from other regions of the country hinders the development of comprehensive national control plans. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, knowledge, risk factors, and molecular identity of <i>Coenurus cerebralis</i> in sheep and goats in Mpwapwa District, Tanzania, in order to establish the preliminary status of the disease in the central regions. Data were collected through postmortem examinations of 84 sheep and 295 goat heads for cysts, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing for species identification, and a structured questionnaire of 303 small ruminant keepers for knowledge and identification of risk factors. The overall prevalence of cerebral coenurosis in sheep and goats was 13.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 10.3-17.2). In goats, the prevalence of cerebral coenurosis was comparatively higher 15.9% (95% CI 11.9-20.6) than in sheep 4.8% (95% CI 1.3-11.8) (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the origin of sheep and goats (Chipogoro: odds ratio (OR) = 7.54, 95% CI 1.96-28.97, and Iwondo: OR = 3.90, 95% CI 1.04-14.61) as a risk factor. The average knowledge score among small ruminant keepers on disease detection was 60.7%, on disease infection cycle and control was 10.85%, and on zoonotic potential was 1.39%. Phylogenetic analysis of Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (CO1) gene partial nucleotide sequences revealed the two distinct clusters of <i>Taenia multiceps</i>, one from Saudi Arabia in 2021 and another from Egypt in 2018, Peru in 2017, and China in 2016. These findings suggest cerebral coenurosis is locally widespread and highlight the importance of considering animal movement patterns, livestock keeper's knowledge, and good husbandry practices when planning for control measures of cerebral coenurosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5055115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}