Veterinary Medicine International最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Equine Herpesviruses from Field Outbreaks in Donkeys in Northwest Amhara Region, Ethiopia.","authors":"Anmut Worku, Wassie Molla, Ambaye Kenubih, Haileleul Negussie, Bemrew Admassu, Mebrat Ejo, Gashaw Getaneh Dagnaw, Abebe Belete Bitew, Tewodros Fentahun, Kalkidan Getnet, Haileyesus Dejene, Kassahun Berrie, Saddam Mohammed Ibrahim, Abebe Tesfaye Gessese, Bereket Dessalegn, Mastewal Birhan, Melkie Dagnaw Fenta, Mebrie Zemene Kinde","doi":"10.1155/2024/9928835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/9928835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Equine herpesviruses pose a threat to equine health and potentially cause substantial economic losses to the global equine industry. EHV outbreaks have been reported in various parts of Ethiopia and the Amhara region specifically. This study aimed to detect EHVs from suspected outbreak cases in selected districts of the Northwest Amhara region. A cross-sectional study was performed from January 2022 to July 2022 to detect EHVs from suspected outbreak cases. Clinical observation was conducted for the presumptive identification of equine herpesvirus infection, and nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected for molecular detection of the viruses for confirmation. Out of 463 donkeys observed, 23 donkeys showed clinical signs suggestive of equine herpesvirus infection. Samples from 10 suspected donkeys were further subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, amplifying ORF30 for EHV-1 and gB for EHV-2 and EHV-5. Among the 10 donkeys tested, seven (<i>n</i> = 7) were positive for EHV-5. All ten (<i>n</i> = 10) tested donkeys were negative for EHV-1 and EHV-2. EHV-5 was detected in animals with nervous signs, respiratory signs, a combination of nervous and respiratory signs, and a combination of abortion, respiratory, and nervous signs. Generally, only EHV-5 was identified from the outbreak, and more detailed epidemiological/molecular studies should be performed to better understand its dynamics and inform preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9928835"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Record of an Aggressive Form of Ocular Tumour Enhanced by Marek's Disease Virus Infection in Layer Flock in Al-Najaf, Iraq.","authors":"Aoula Al-Zebeeby, Ali Hadi Abbas, Haider Abas Alsaegh, Furkan Sabbar Alaraji","doi":"10.1155/2024/1793189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/1793189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marek's disease (MD) is a highly infectious poultry illness with a tendency to form tumours in peripheral nerves and internal organs of affected birds. Tumours accompany MD, mostly caused by oncogenic Gallid alpha herpesvirus 2 (MD Herpes virus serotype I). Studies on avian tumours associated with MD infection are limited in Iraq. In the presented study, the positive samples of ocular tumour were 168 out of 282 MD positive samples, which accomplished in farm suffered from an unexpectedly high mortality rate. We investigated a rapidly developed tumour mass that was observed in an MD-vaccinated layer flock that showed obvious clinical signs of MD, accompanied by forming a small lump in one eye at age 21 weeks, which developed to a big lump at week 28 of age, leading to death. The diagnosis MD infection was confirmed by a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of a specific region of the target gene <i>meq</i> of the causative agent, followed by Sanger sequencing and BLASTn search of the sequence against the NCBI nucleic acid database, resulted in Gallid alpha herpes virus 2 strain, and according to the phylogenetic analysis, the sequence from this study was uniquely clustered in its own branch in the tree. Histopathological examination of the ocular tumour core revealed aggregation of neoplastic cells and haemorrhage that replaced the normal eye tissue, as well as early tumour formation in internal organs such as the lung and liver. In addition, abnormal lesions are susceptible to tumours in the gizzard and spleen. To our knowledge, this is the first record of an aggressive MD virus infection-mediated ocular tumour in a layer flock in Al-Najaf province, Iraq.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1793189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142393645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Extended-Spectrum <i>β</i>-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> in Retail Cattle Meat.","authors":"Nasrin Akter Liza, Hemayet Hossain, Md Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Jarin Al Naser, Rayhan Mahmud Lasker, Asikur Rahman, Md Ariful Haque, Md Al Mamun, Md Mukter Hossain, Md Mahfujur Rahman","doi":"10.1155/2024/3952504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3952504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterobacteriaceae that produce extended-spectrum <i>β</i>-lactamases (ESBLs) can result in severe human infections, contributing to the development of complex diseases. <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is one of the ESBL-producing pathogens that helps to set antimicrobial resistance as a major public health problem worldwide. The current study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterize ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and their antimicrobial resistance pattern in retail cattle meat samples. A comprehensive set of 225 cattle meat samples was gathered from 13 upazilas within the Sylhet district of Bangladesh. The bacterial isolates were obtained through biochemical and cultural techniques, and the identification of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> was accomplished using polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). Antimicrobial susceptibilities were assessed using disk diffusion in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, 2020) guidelines. Genes encoding ESBL enzymes were detected by the double-disk synergy test (DDST) and multiplex PCR. The overall prevalence of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. was 28.89% (65/225), whereas the positive percentage of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> was 59.2% (29/49) confirmed by PCR. Antimicrobial resistance was observed against 12 antibiotics. According to the phenotypic resistance pattern determined through the disk diffusion method, all isolates (100%) were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, and colistin. On the other hand, the highest susceptibility was observed towards gentamicin (97.95%), followed by ciprofloxacin (85.71%), tetracycline (83.67%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (81.63%). Out of the total <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates analyzed, ESBL genes were present, and the highest percentage, 82.8% (24/29), tested positive for <i>bla</i> _TEM genes. Interestingly, among the nine ESBL genes, six were identified in <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates, except for <i>bla</i> _OXA, <i>bla</i> _CTX-M-grp2, and <i>MultiCase</i> _DHA. The study's results reveal the presence of extended-spectrum <i>β</i>-lactamase (ESBL)-producing multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>K. pneumoniae</i> in retail cattle meat samples posing a substantial public health threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3952504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11438512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound of the Lacrimal Gland in Healthy Shih Tzu Dogs and with Dry Eye Disease.","authors":"Carla Amorim Neves, Wanessa Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva, Andre Ribeiro Fayad, Beatriz Zanon Ignácio, Aline Maria Vasconcelos Lima, Naida Cristina Borges","doi":"10.1155/2024/8516724","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8516724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dry eye disease (DED) is a very common disease in dogs, especially that of immune-mediated origin, with Shih Tzu dogs being some of the most affected. In this study, ultrasound changes of the orbital lacrimal gland (LG) were described in healthy Shih Tzu dogs and those diagnosed with different intensities of DED. For training purposes, a macroscopic and ultrasonographic study of the orbits of brachycephalic dog cadavers (<i>n</i> = 6) was conducted. Subsequently, thirty-five eyes from 23 male and female dogs aged between two and eight years, distributed into four groups according to the Schirmer tear test (STT-1), including a control group (CG, <i>n</i> = 10) (STT-1 ≥15 mm/min), early DED group (DED1, <i>n</i> = 8) (STT-1 between 14 and 11 mm/min), moderate DED group (DED2, <i>n</i> = 7) (STT-1 between 10 and 6 mm/min), and severe DED group (DED3, <i>n</i> = 10) (STT-1 ≤5 mm/min), were used. Ultrasound evaluation of LG showed a higher occurrence of glandular tissue heterogeneity (<i>p</i>=0.755) and the presence of hyperechoic areas (<i>p</i>=0.027) in dogs with DED3. The variables measuring the major axis were lower in dogs with DED3 (<i>p</i>=0.002). The area and perimeter were smaller in dogs with DED3 than in CG and DED1 groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the perimeter of the LG of dogs in the DED2 group was smaller than that of CG (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The LG major axis (<i>r</i> = 0.56), area (<i>r</i> = 0.66), and perimeter (<i>r</i> = 0.66) decreased as the STT-1 of the different groups decreased. LG ultrasound of Shih Tzu dogs is a feasible technique that allows the evaluation of characteristics of the glandular tissue. The ultrasound could identify changes in texture, echogenicity, and size in LG of Shih Tzu dogs with immune-mediated DED.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8516724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11419838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Parasite Infections among Meat Goats in Khon Kaen Thailand.","authors":"Sarinya Rerkyusuke, Sawarin Lerk-U-Suke, Raktham Mektrirat, Anuwat Wiratsudakul, Prapan Kanjampa, Saikam Chaimongkol, Nattaya Phanmanee, Miranda Visuddhangkoon, Panicha Pattayawongdecha, Nanticha Piyapattanakon, Pongpatchara Krajaipan, Pitchapa Sutamwirat","doi":"10.1155/2024/3267028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3267028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the epidemiology of gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infections among 42 meat goat herds in Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand, based on 913 fecal samples. The predominant parasites identified in the herd were strongyle (100.0%, 42/42), <i>Trichuris</i> spp. (73.8%, 31/42), <i>Eimeria</i> spp. (66.7%, 28/42), <i>Moniezia</i> spp. (64.3%, 27/42), <i>Strongyloides</i> spp. (38.1%, 16/42), and <i>Paramphistomum</i> spp. (7.1%, 3/42). Coinfection with at least two GI parasites was observed in 90.4% of the herds. Molecular analysis confirmed <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> and <i>Trichostrongylus</i> spp. as the strongyle species. The study explored parasite prevalence among animals, finding significant correlations with season, sex, age, and breed. Notably, the wet season showed increased strongyle and <i>Eimeria</i> spp. infections. Female animals had higher odds of strongyle infection, while younger animals (less than 1 year) were more susceptible. Conversely, animals aged over 1 year were more likely to be positive for <i>Trichuris</i> spp., <i>Moniezia</i> spp., and <i>Eimeria</i> spp. infections. Female animals exhibited poor body condition scores (BCS) and anemia, as indicated by the FAMACHA score and packed cell volume (PCV) levels. Correlations between age, clinical signs, hematological parameters, biochemistry, and GI parasite burdens were investigated, revealing significant associations. These findings emphasize the need for tailored intervention strategies considering seasonal variations, age, and sex differences for effective GI parasite control in meat goats. Prioritizing animals exhibiting poor BCS and elevated FAMACHA score is imperative to mitigate the deleterious impacts of GI parasitic infections on health and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"3267028"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11387081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence and Co-Circulation of Rift Valley Fever Virus and West Nile Fever Virus in Livestock Population of Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia.","authors":"Jemberu Alemu Megenas, Mengistu Legesse Dadi, Tesfu Kassa Mekonnen, James W Larrick, Gezahegne Mamo Kassa","doi":"10.1155/2024/8249077","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8249077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The distribution, epidemiology, and socioeconomic impact of Rift Valley fever (RVF) and West Nile (WN) viruses are poorly known in areas of sub-Saharan countries like Ethiopian pastoral region. The human and livestock density in the area has increased greatly in recent years, but little work has been done on arboviral diseases and their potential impact on human and livestock health. The aim of this study was to detect the circulation of zoonotic arboviruses such as Rift Valley fever virus and West Nile viruses in the livestock population and to estimate seroprevalence in Afar pastoral area northeast Ethiopia. Cross-sectional serological survey was carried out in 736 serum samples from which cattle (224), camel (155), goats (121), sheep (144), and donkeys (92) were tested for the presence of anti-RVFV and anti-WNV IgG using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) in two purposively selected districts of the Afar region. The present study revealed a 9.1% (95% CI = 8.86-9.29) seroprevalence of co-circulation of RVF and WNV. High 32/155 (20.7%) seroprevalence of co-circulation was seen in camels, followed by goat 14/121 (11.6%), cattle 16/224 (7.14%), and sheep 5/144 (3.5%), respectively, and higher 41/421 (9.7%) seroprevalence of co-circulation was observed in <i>Amibara</i> district than <i>Haruka</i> district. Camels were seven times (OR: 7.016, 95% CI = 2.639-18.653) more likely to be seropositive for the co-circulation than sheep (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Livestock herds found in <i>Amibara</i> district were 1.2 times (OR: 1.165, 95% CI = 0.680-1.996) more likely to be seropositive for RVFV infection than those in <i>Haruka</i> areas. Given the co-occurrence of RVFV and WNV circulations, along with often suboptimal human and animal health surveillance in many similar areas' attention should be given. Investigation of the potential socioeconomic and health impacts of zoonotic arbovirus infections in such areas is crucial. Since both RVFV and WNFV are transmitted through a mosquito vector, avoiding mosquito bites is the primary method of prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8249077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Dermal Characteristics on Low-Level Laser Power Measurement in Postmortem Zoological Species.","authors":"Faith Ramsey, Michelle Borsdorf, John Ladner, Anne White, Tara M Harrison","doi":"10.1155/2024/8066943","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8066943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photobiomodulation therapy, also termed as low-level laser therapy, is commonly used as an adjunctive therapy for various medical conditions in veterinary practice. The ACTIVet PRO low-level laser has been used for treatment of various nondomestic species, yet the effects of dermal attributes such as pigment, feathers, or scales have not been evaluated. The effects of low-level laser therapy with the ACTIVet PRO have been investigated in laboratory animals, including a study in rats that evaluated the passage of laser light through the skin in postmortem samples. The objective of this study was to measure the power of a low-level laser (ACTIVet PRO) after penetration through dermal tissue (∼1 mm thickness) in a variety of postmortem animal tissue. This study sought to determine the impact of fur, feathers, scales, and different pigments on the ability of the laser to penetrate. Frozen and thawed skin tissue samples from various species were placed inside a light restricted laser box and exposed to a preprogrammed laser level from a Multi Radiance ACTIVet PRO photobiomodulation (PBM) device, with a power meter to measure the light penetration through the tissue samples. Light penetration measurements via power output measurements (mW) were recorded at 7 time points (range, 1-150 sec). A Friedman test was performed to evaluate the difference of the mean tissue penetration by each species at each time point. Lighter colored specimens had higher power readings than darker colored or pigmented samples, and feathers appeared to inhibit the laser, showing minimal to no power readings on bird skin covered in covert and down feathers. There was statistically significant mean tissue penetration for all time points between the rabbit and green sea turtle (<i>p</i>=0.0046), the red-tailed hawk and green iguana (<i>p</i>=0.0046), and the red-tailed hawk and green sea turtle (<i>p</i>=0.000034). Overall findings found that certain skin coverings, such as feathers, appear to inhibit passage of laser light through tissue to the photo meter. Darker pigmented areas of tissue appeared to absorb the laser light, which also did not allow light passage through the tissue to the photo meter. All of this illustrates that there are differences in tissue penetration between different animal species, at least in postmortem tissues. This could necessitate adjustment of machine settings for therapeutic effect in different species, though further studies would be warranted to determine the extent to which this would be necessary. Additional studies evaluating biologically active tissues would be needed as a next step, as photobiomodulation has an effect at the cellular level and the exact amount of medical benefit is not measurable in skin samples that are separate from a living organism.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8066943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Weight of Genetic Drift: A Pedigree-Based Evaluation of the Breton Horse Population in Brazil.","authors":"Bruno B Medeiros, Kate M C Barcelos, Millena Oliveira Andrade, Michele Cristina da Paz Carvalho, Victoria Rocha Miranda, Kalebe de Oliveira Maia, Susana Reinhardt, Laura Patterson Rosa","doi":"10.1155/2024/4714077","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/4714077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genetic diversity of Breton horses in Brazil is a critical concern, mainly due to the small population size and low number of births per year. Given that the inbreeding was overlooked by breeders for multiple generations, we estimated the genetic diversity of this population utilizing pedigree-based measures of population diversity. A total of 1394 six-generation pedigrees representing the full population of registered Breton horses in Brazil defined a total population (TP, <i>N</i> = 2679), with horses born between 2000 and 2022, reproductively active and alive, as reported by the breed association, representing the reference population (RP, <i>N</i> = 731). Using the R package <i>PurgeR</i>, we estimated inbreeding coefficient (<i>F</i> _<i>ped</i> ), maternal inbreeding coefficient (<i>F</i> _{<i>da</i> <i>m</i>} ), paternal inbreeding coefficient (<i>F</i> _<i>sire</i> ), individual reproductive values, number of equivalents to complete generations (<i>t</i>), and unbiased ancestral inbreeding coefficient (<i>Fa</i>). We established the equivalent complete generations (ECG), effective population size (<i>Ne</i>), total number of founders (<i>Nf</i>), effective number of founders (<i>Nfe</i>), total number of ancestors (<i>Na</i>), effective number of ancestors (<i>Nae</i>), founder genomes (<i>Ng</i>), and the inbreeding coefficient estimated with effective population size (<i>Ne</i>) and generation numbers (<i>t</i>) (<i>F</i> _{<i>Ne</i>:<i>t</i>} ), as well as <i>Nfe</i>/<i>Nae</i> and <i>Nfe</i>/<i>Ng</i> ratios for the RP. The RP inbreeding levels have stabilized, although they are still significantly rising by generation (<i>t</i>), and the <i>Nfe</i>/<i>Ng</i> ratio strongly suggests genetic drift. Pedigree-based analysis demonstrates that only five stallions have sired 52.83% of the RP individuals, which along with the <i>Nae</i> value of 36.73 implies that the observed inbreeding can be arising from patrilines. Our results suggest that observed inbreeding is due to Popular Sire Effect, highlighting the importance of monitoring breeding schemes and genetic diversity to maintain health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"4714077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11364472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Behavior, Water Intake, and Physiological Parameters of Feedlot Lambs Fed with Diets Containing Babassu Oil Associated with Sunflower Oil Blend.","authors":"Laryssa V da Silva, Gleice Kelle S M Vilela, Karlyene S da Rocha, Hactus S Cavalcanti, Glayciane C Gois, Francisco Naysson de S Santos, Fleming S Campos, Michelle de O M Parente, Anderson de M Zanine, Daniele de J Ferreira, Tobyas M de A Mariz, Danielle de O Maia, Henrique N Parente","doi":"10.1155/2024/8673922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8673922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary inclusion of babassu oil (BO) associated with sunflower oil (SO) on feeding behavior, water intake, and physiological parameters of feedlot lambs. Thirty-five castrated male lambs (16.6 kg ± 3.9 kg) were distributed in a randomized block design with 5 treatments (diets) and 7 replications. The tested diets were oil-free diet (OF), 45 g/kg BO (BO), 30 g/kg BO with an additional 15 g/kg SO (1.5 SO), 22.5 g/kg BO with an additional 22.5 g/kg SO (2.25 SO), and 30 g/kg SO with an additional 15 g/kg BO (3.0 SO) on dry matter (DM) basis. The experimental period lasted 60 days. Animals that received BO diet and the combination of BO with SO had lower intakes of DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) compared to the control diet (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Differences on the respiratory rate (RR) was observed between animals in the control diet and those in the diets containing SO (<i>P</i>=0.001), with a linear increase in RR as the levels of SO in the diets increased (<i>P</i>=0.004). All physiological parameters showed a time effect (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Animals fed with the control diet had higher water intake via drinking fountain (<i>P</i>=0.030) and total water intake (<i>P</i>=0.029) compared to animals fed with diets containing SO. In relation to SO levels, water intake via drinking fountain (<i>P</i>=0.002), total water intake (<i>P</i>=0.002), and total water intake per kg of DM ingested (<i>P</i>=0.001) linearly increased with the levels increase in the composition of the diets. The tested diets did not alter the feeding behavior of the feedlot lambs. However, the combination of BO with different levels of SO reduced DM and water intake via drinking fountain and RR.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8673922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11390207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equine Trypanosomiasis: Molecular Detection, Hematological, and Oxidative Stress Profiling.","authors":"Mostafa Shoraba, Salma A Shoulah, Faysal Arnaout, Abdelfattah Selim","doi":"10.1155/2024/6550276","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6550276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surra caused by <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i> (<i>T. evansi</i>) is widely distributed and has significant impact on equine sector and international trades. However, there are no available data about the genetic characterization of this parasite in horses in Egypt. So, the goal of this study was to study the molecular characterization of <i>T. evansi</i> in horses and determine the changes in hematological parameters and oxidative stress associated with <i>T. evansi</i> infection. A total of 12 horses were examined using PCR targeting RoTat 1.2 VSG gene, and we evaluated the changes in hematological and oxidative stress between infected and healthy animals. The results revealed a notable reduction in red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the infected horses, as compared to the control healthy group. In contrast, the infected group showed a substantial increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). In addition, the infected group exhibited monocytopenia, eosinopenia, and notable lymphocytopenia. Regarding oxidative stress profile, the infected horses showed decreased levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the control group. Moreover, the PCR assay targeting RoTat 1.2 VSG gene revealed positive specific band (205 bp) in all examined samples for <i>T. evansi</i> and the phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that strain of this study is closely related to <i>T. evansi</i> isolate in horses from India (MT501210) while showed difference from sequences of other species. The results emphasize the changes in blood composition and the body's response to oxidative stress caused by <i>T. evansi</i> infection in horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6550276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}