Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Protecting infants from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Ireland: Impact of a national nirsevimab immunisation programme, 2024/2025","authors":"Laura Paris ,&nbsp;Lisa Domegan ,&nbsp;Maureen O'Leary ,&nbsp;Michael Hanrahan ,&nbsp;Adele McKenna ,&nbsp;Eva Kelly ,&nbsp;Carina Brehony ,&nbsp;Katie O'Brien ,&nbsp;Margaret Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;Eve Robinson ,&nbsp;Augustine Pereira ,&nbsp;Éamonn O'Moore","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To reduce the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants, Ireland implemented a national immunisation programme in the 2024/2025 season. Infants born between 1 September 2024 and 28 February 2025 were offered nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To estimate the impact of the nirsevimab immunisation programme on RSV-related morbidity among eligible infants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective, population-based ecological study including infants born during the programme period. RSV case distribution and clinical outcomes in 2024/2025 were described and compared with historical data. Immunisation uptake was monitored weekly. Using immunisation effectiveness estimates, uptake and notification data of cases, we estimated averted cases, disease prevented fractions, and the number needed to immunise (NNI) to prevent one RSV-notified case, emergency department (ED) presentation, hospitalisation, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission applying adapted Machado et al. formulas.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2024/2025, 83% (22,444) eligible infants received nirsevimab. In total 360 laboratory confirmed RSV cases were notified in infants born between September and February, compared to 1142 during the same period of 2023/2024 (severe season) and 997 during 2022/2023 (mild season), representing a 68% and 64% reduction, respectively. 1055 (95%CI:1038–1071) RSV notified cases, 459 (95%CI: 452–467) ED presentations, 437 (95%CI:430–443) hospitalisations, and 76 (95%CI:74–78) ICU admissions were averted in the 2024/2025 birth cohort. Disease prevented fraction was 74.5% (95%CI:73.6–75.4). NNI to prevent one RSV-notified case, was 22 (95%CI:21–24), 51 (95%CI:47–55) for ED presentations, 54 (95%CI:50–58) for hospitalisations, and 309 (95%CI:249–369) for ICU admissions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Immunisation with nirsevimab significantly reduced RSV-related illness in Irish infants in 2024/2025, supporting its continued use and potential expansion to older infant groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of mumps and rubella antibodies among Indian children: evidence of a mumps immunity gap","authors":"Huy Quang Quach ,&nbsp;Lara I. Teodoro ,&nbsp;Tamar Ratishvili ,&nbsp;Inna G. Ovsyannikova ,&nbsp;Sara P. Jones ,&nbsp;Iype Joseph ,&nbsp;John B. Johnson ,&nbsp;M. Radhakrishna Pillai ,&nbsp;Gregory A. Poland ,&nbsp;Joshy Jacob ,&nbsp;Richard B. Kennedy","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mumps and rubella are highly contagious, vaccine-preventable diseases; however, India's National Immunization Program prioritizes rubella while excluding mumps. In this cross-sectional study, we measured mumps- and rubella-specific IgG seroprevalence in 508 children (49.6% female) from Kerala and evaluated demographic associations. Seropositivity was 78.5% (95% CI, 74.8–81.9%) for mumps and 99.4% (95% CI, 98.3–99.8%) for rubella. Mumps IgG titers were significantly higher in females (<em>p</em> = 0.0061) and increased with vaccine doses (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), whereas rubella IgG titers showed no such associations (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). IgG titers for both mumps (<em>r</em> = −0.13, <em>p</em> = 0.0043) and rubella (<em>r</em> = −0.23, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) declined with time since vaccination, indicating waning immunity. The contrast between high rubella and lower mumps immunity likely reflects differences in vaccination prioritization and support the inclusion of mumps-containing vaccines into India's National Immunization Program, ideally through universal adoption of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing incidence of pertussis before scheduled primary school booster vaccinations in Norway, 1998–2019","authors":"Anja Bråthen Kristoffersen,&nbsp;Håkon Bøås,&nbsp;Hinta Meijerink,&nbsp;Marissa LeBlanc,&nbsp;Hilde Synnøve Vollan Gjerdrum,&nbsp;Margrethe Greve-Isdahl,&nbsp;Elina Seppälä","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In Norway, infant pertussis vaccination is scheduled by birth date, whereas primary school and adolescent boosters are administered to entire school classes during the 2nd and 10th school years, respectively. The interval between infant vaccination and primary school booster can thus vary from 5.5 to 7.5 years. To examine the timing of the primary school booster, we estimated pertussis incidence among children aged 2 to18 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a nationwide, registry-based retrospective cohort study of children born between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2013, who had completed infant pertussis vaccination by the age of two years. We calculated incidence rates (IR) by school year and stratified by birth period (spring or autumn). We compared the average number of reported pertussis cases during the first two school years (ages 5.5–8.5) across the current schedule and two hypothetical scenarios: vaccination prior to 2nd school year or prior to school entry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 782,875 children eligible for the primary school booster 93% were vaccinated by the end of the 2nd school year. Pertussis incidence rose after school entry, peaking around 15 reported cases per 10,000 children annually, then declined to 5 following booster uptake. We estimated that advancing the primary school booster prior to the 2nd or 1st school year would reduce incidence by roughly 25% and 62%, respectively. Spring-born children had higher incidence rates than autumn-born peers, reflecting longer average intervals between infant and primary booster dose.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current timing of the primary school pertussis booster appears suboptimal. Advancing the booster prior to the first school year could significantly reduce the burden of pertussis during first years of primary school.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Support for vaccine-related priorities included in the Make Our Children Healthy Again Assessment and impacts on trust in vaccine safety: a national survey of parents in the United States","authors":"Matthew R. Boyce ,&nbsp;Tara Kirk Sell","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports on an online survey characterizing support for policies requiring longitudinal and targeted safety testing for new and existing childhood vaccines, as well as the impact of these policies on trust in vaccine safety. 1042 participants were included in the data analysis. For new vaccines, 66.8% of participants indicated support for longitudinal testing, and 63.0% supported targeted testing. For existing vaccines, 67.6% of participants indicated support for longitudinal testing, and 61.0% supported targeted testing. 57.0% of participants reported that their trust in vaccine safety would increase if existing vaccines underwent additional longitudinal testing, 55.6% reported that it would increase if they underwent additional targeted testing; 42.4% reported that their trust increased as a result of the recent dismissal of the CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Policy support and trust impacts varied significantly according to participant gender, support for the Make America Healthy Again agenda, and vaccine hesitancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes zoster vaccination coverage and associated factors among individuals aged ≥50 years in Zhejiang, China: A population-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Xiaotong Yan,&nbsp;Xiujing Hu,&nbsp;Yue Xu,&nbsp;Xuehai Zhang,&nbsp;Yusui Zhao,&nbsp;Jinhang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination coverage remains low and existing research is limited. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with vaccination coverage and reasons for vaccination/non-vaccination across economic levels among individuals aged ≥50 in Zhejiang province.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to May 2024 using multistage convenience sampling method. 10,500 individuals were recruited from 175 community health centers or township hospitals across 35 counties in Zhejiang Province. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze factors associated with vaccination coverage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 10,500 participants (mean age: 65.08), the vaccination coverage was 1.93%. Higher education level (college or higher vs primary school or below: OR = 2.609, 95% CI: 1.703–3.996) and doctor's recommendation (OR = 7.311, 95% CI: 5.032–10.621) were key factors associated with higher vaccination coverage. Among participants, vaccination motivations varied by monthly income: family recommendation and community promotion were the main drivers for those with incomes &lt;5000 yuan, whereas “Someone close has had HZ” was most common for those with incomes ≥5000 yuan. The main non-vaccination reason for adults with monthly income of ≤10,000 yuan was “lack of vaccine knowledge”, while “Unnecessary to get vaccinated” was the primary reason for the &gt;10,000 yuan group. Television (64.64%), doctor (59.81%), and family member (50.92%) were the main ways of obtaining vaccine information, and individuals aged ≥70 years preferred to obtain vaccine information from family members compared to those aged 50–59 and 60–69 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HZ vaccination coverage among individuals aged ≥50 in Zhejiang Province remains low, with higher education and doctor's recommendation identified as key facilitators. A multifaceted strategy is recommended to improve coverage, including targeted health education via trusted channels like television, integrating vaccine prescriptions into clinical practice, and government-subsidized programs to ensure equitable access and reduce disease burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to increase vaccine uptake among socially excluded groups: A systematic review","authors":"Emma Sidebotham ,&nbsp;Deborah M. Caldwell ,&nbsp;Sarah R. Davies ,&nbsp;Zak A. Thornton ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Aiton ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Emsley ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Rose-Innes ,&nbsp;Sarah Dawson ,&nbsp;Julie Yates ,&nbsp;Louise Letley ,&nbsp;Clare E. French","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There are known inequalities in vaccine uptake and the distribution of vaccine-preventable diseases. Understanding the best ways to increase vaccine uptake among socially excluded groups is vital to reduce these inequalities.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess the effectiveness of interventions to increase vaccine uptake among socially excluded groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised studies of interventions. Studies were eligible if they evaluated an intervention to increase uptake of any vaccination on the World Health Organization immunisation schedule and focused on socially excluded populations (e.g. people experiencing homelessness, people who use drugs). MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO were searched to January 2025. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools. Data were analysed using random-effects meta-analyses and effect direction plots.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 2673 records, 20 studies were eligible (18 RCTs and two non-randomised studies). Most (13 studies) were conducted among people who use drugs and investigated hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination uptake (16 studies). Various interventions were identified: accelerated HBV vaccination schedules (six studies); financial incentives (four); educational initiatives (two); motivational interviewing (two); post-natal home visits (one); enhanced outreach and on-the-spot vaccination (one), and four varying interventions delivered as part of care co-ordination or nurse-guided case management models. Nine studies were at high risk of bias, six had some concerns and five were at low risk.</div><div>Meta-analyses indicated a potential beneficial effect of accelerated schedules (odds ratio (OR):1.45, 95%CI:1.10–1.91) and financial incentives (OR:5.36, 95%CI:2.61–11.01). Confidence in the evidence was judged to be ‘moderate’ for both these interventions. Evidence for the effectiveness of other types of interventions was inconclusive.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We identify some promising strategies for improving uptake of vaccinations among some socially excluded groups. The conclusions that can be drawn are, however, limited by the lack of high-quality studies on the topic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128314"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Brucella abortus A19ΔfeuPΔfeuQ double-mutant is highly attenuated and confers protection in BALB/c mice","authors":"Zhiqiang Li ,&nbsp;Shuli Wang ,&nbsp;Huijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruirui Li ,&nbsp;Yanyan Cui ,&nbsp;Jinliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Junfang Hao ,&nbsp;Qifeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brucellosis is a globally significant zoonotic disease that affects both animals and humans. Current vaccines against <em>Brucella abortus</em> (<em>B. abortus</em>), such as A19, suffer from several limitations, including residual virulence in animals and humans and the inability to serologically differentiate infected from vaccinated animals. Here, we describe attenuated strains that match the protective efficacy of the current vaccine but offer a substantially improved safety profile and enable differentiation from infection, addressing key limitations that have hampered current control tools. We constructed a double-gene deletion mutant (A19Δ<em>feuP</em>Δ<em>feuQ</em>) from A19 by removing genes encoding a two-component regulatory system (TCS) located on chromosome II. The A19Δ<em>feuP</em>Δ<em>feuQ</em> mutant exhibited a &gt;1.5-log reduction in intracellular survival and BALB/c mice, indicating marked attenuation. Vaccination with this mutant induced significantly higher titers of IgG, and provided a 2.34-log greater reduction in bacterial burden at 4 weeks post-challenge. Additionally, the FEUP and FEUQ proteins served as specific antigens enabling serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These findings demonstrate that the highly attenuated A19Δ<em>feuP</em>Δ<em>feuQ</em> mutant is a promising live vaccine candidate against bovine brucellosis, combining efficacy, improved safety, and diagnostic compatibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on fertility and assisted reproductive techniques outcomes: an umbrella review","authors":"Qi Cao ,&nbsp;Siyu Du ,&nbsp;Keyi Yang ,&nbsp;Mei Liu ,&nbsp;Li Xiao ,&nbsp;Qiuyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Fu ,&nbsp;Huili Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on fertility and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This is an Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses. We searched major databases until December 30, 2023. The quality of evidence was assessed by a Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 647 studies identified, 14 studies with 40 outcomes were included. COVID-19 infection may decrease semen quality in men, including semen volume (WMD, −0.48 ml; 95% CI, −0.59 to −0.36 ml), total sperm count (WMD, −34.84 × 10^6; 95% CI, −43.51 to −26.17 × 10^6), sperm concentration (WMD, −16.23 × 10^6/ml; 95% CI, −25.56 × 10^6 to −6.89 × 10^6), viability (SMD, −0.66; 95% CI, −1.27 to −0.06), and total sperm motility (SMD, −0.61; 95% CI, −0.96 to −0.25), and elevated levels of estradiol (SMD 0.652; 95% CI, 0.254 to 1.049; <em>p</em> = 0.001) and prolactin (SMD 0.305; 95% CI, 0.045 to 0.566; <em>p</em> = 0.022). However, it did not significantly affect testosterone levels. Notably, even after recovery (over 90 days), sperm concentration and motility remained lower compared to uninfected individuals. Conversely, COVID-19 showed minimal impact on female ovarian reserve (including antral follicle count, AMH) or ART outcomes (including oocyte number and quality, embryo quality, implantation rates, clinical pregnancy rates and miscarriage rates). Vaccination also had minimal effects on both sexes. Evidence quality was generally very low, highlighting the need for high-quality, long-term studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 infection primarily affects male fertility, leading to reductions in sperm quality, count, and motility. However, female fertility and ART outcomes show little to no impact. COVID-19 vaccination shows minimal impact on fertility and ART outcomes. The quality of evidence is rated as very low to low. High-quality prospective studies with longer follow-up periods are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128293"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to national vaccination guidelines among pediatric cancer patients: a retrospective study from two tertiary care centers in Switzerland","authors":"Florence Anne Barbey ,&nbsp;Maria Otth ,&nbsp;Sabine Kroiss ,&nbsp;Daniel Drozdov ,&nbsp;Christoph Berger","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Childhood cancer diagnosis and treatment cause significant immunosuppression, increasing vulnerability to vaccine-preventable diseases and disrupting routine vaccination schedules. In Switzerland, vaccination guidelines to support physicians caring for these patients were published in 2022. Adherence to these recommendations among pediatric cancer patients remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective chart review of pediatric cancer patients (0–16 years at diagnosis) treated at two Swiss tertiary care centers between June 2022 and November 2024. Vaccine uptake was assessed at diagnosis, during, and after treatment using descriptive analyses. Exploratory analyses evaluated risk factors for under-vaccination, and occurrence of vaccine-preventable diseases was documented.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 105 participants (median age at diagnosis 7.6 years [IQR 2.7–12.9]), uptake of vaccines recommended during treatment was low (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 5%, influenza vaccine 10%, COVID-19 vaccine 19%). Post-treatment vaccine uptake was delayed and insufficient, ranging from 0 to 41% within 0–3 months following recommendation date and from 15 to 76% thereafter, depending on the vaccine. Younger age at diagnosis was associated with complete post-treatment vaccine uptake (<em>p</em> = 0.03). Vaccine-preventable diseases, including COVID-19, influenza, varicella, herpes zoster, and pertussis, occurred in 30/105 participants (29%). Most vaccines during (82%), and all vaccines after treatment (100%), were administered in primary care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In a setting where post-treatment vaccination relies exclusively on primary care and no structured in-hospital measures are set in place, vaccine uptake among pediatric cancer patients remained insufficient. Targeted strategies are needed to improve guidelines adherence and reduce the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases, particularly among older children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination against chikungunya - a systematic review on the immunogenicity, tolerability, and safety of the live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) Ixchiq and the virus like particle (VLP) vaccine Vimkunya","authors":"Kerstin Kling ,&nbsp;Annika Falman ,&nbsp;Lisa Branke ,&nbsp;Michael Ramharter ,&nbsp;Camilla Rothe ,&nbsp;Christian Schönfeld ,&nbsp;Thomas Grünewald","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Infections with the chikungunya virus are increasingly reported due to many reasons including climate change. Two vaccines against chikungunya have recently been approved in Europe, the live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) Ixchiq and the virus like particle (VLP) vaccine Vimkunya. However, no systematic review of phase 3 clinical trial data has been published that summarizes the currently available evidence on the immunogenicity, tolerability, and safety of these vaccines. Therefore, these data were systematically analyzed by a working group of the German Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) and the German Society for Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine and Global Health (DTG).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review of the immunogenicity, tolerability and safety of Ixchiq and Vimkunya using Embase and PubMed (OVID) according to predefined PICO criteria, including placebo-controlled randomized control trials, cohort, and case-control studies. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with the RoB 2-tool. Additionally, post-marketing safety data were studied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Clinical efficacy data were not available. Instead, seropositivity rates above a predefined threshold served as a surrogate of protection. Both vaccines demonstrated strong immunogenicity with seroprotection rates for Ixchiq of &gt;98% after 4 weeks, and for Vimkunya after 3 weeks of &gt;97% in 12–59-year-olds and &gt; 87% in ≥65-year-olds. In the pivotal studies, both vaccines showed also an acceptable safety profile. Post-marketing safety data showed a higher risk for serious adverse events in elderly patients for Ixchiq.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In addition to mosquito protection and vector control, two vaccines with a good efficacy profile based on the surrogate marker of seroprotection are now available to prevent chikungunya. While both vaccines showed acceptable tolerability, the safety of vaccines must be continuously assessed based on further data from post-marketing surveillance of the respective populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 128251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}