Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Coverage of complete basic childhood vaccination and its variation by basic characteristics among children aged 12–23 months in 41 low- and middle-income countries: A Meta-analysis of demographic and health survey reports between 2015 and 2025","authors":"Tadesse Tarik Tamir ,&nbsp;Berhan Tekeba ,&nbsp;Masresha Asmare Techane ,&nbsp;Tewodros Getaneh Alemu ,&nbsp;Chalachew Adugna Wubneh ,&nbsp;Yilkal Abebaw Wassie","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Vaccination plays a crucial role in reducing illness and death associated with diseases. Children who are unvaccinated or only partially vaccinated face greater risks of illness and death. Despite the proven benefits of vaccination, coverage remains uneven, particularly in in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where disparities in access and uptake can lead to significant public health challenges. This meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the coverage of complete basic childhood vaccinations (CBCVs) and its variations among children aged 12 to 23 months.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our meta-analysis included demographic and health survey reports published in any language that reported basic childhood vaccination among children aged 12 to 23 months between 2015 and 2025. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of vaccination. Sub-group analysis was performed by study characteristics to identify potential sources of heterogeneity among studies. Forest plots and tables were used to display the pooled estimates along with their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The coverage of CBCV was found to be 59.0 %, with a 95 % CI of 53.1 % to 65.0 % (I² = 77.9 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). For reports published from 2015 to 2018, the vaccination coverage was 55 %, while for reports published in 2019–2024, the pooled effect size increased to 63 %. Specific vaccine coverage rates included BCG at 86 %, Pentavalent at 67 %, Polio at 69 %, and Measles at 75 %. The vaccination rates varied by maternal education, birth order, and wealth status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The coverage of basic childhood vaccinations in LMICs remains far below the global target of 90 % or more by 2030. Significant disparities in vaccination rates were observed, particularly related to maternal education, birth order, and household wealth status. To address these challenges, improving access to vaccinations and enhancing public education about their importance are essential steps for policymakers and health practitioners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 127019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of cohort event monitoring and assessment of reactogenicity and adverse events among a cohort of AstraZeneca and Moderna COVID-19 vaccine recipients in Nigeria, 2021","authors":"Omotayo Bolu ,&nbsp;Oluwafemi D. Alo ,&nbsp;Emem Iwara ,&nbsp;Ashley T. Longley ,&nbsp;Ikwe Hadley ,&nbsp;Comfort K. Ogar ,&nbsp;Chukwuka Ezekwe ,&nbsp;Uchenna Elemuwa ,&nbsp;Oluwasanmi Adedokun ,&nbsp;Habib O. Ramadhani ,&nbsp;Stephen Ohakanu ,&nbsp;Nancy Ortiz ,&nbsp;Gladys Antonza ,&nbsp;Asmau Abubakar ,&nbsp;Adeyelu Asekun ,&nbsp;Bitrus Fraden ,&nbsp;Robert Chen ,&nbsp;Dale Nordenberg ,&nbsp;Sylvia Adebajo ,&nbsp;Moji Christianah Adeyeye ,&nbsp;Musa Saiki","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To generate COVID-19 vaccine safety data in Nigeria, passive reporting was supplemented with cohort event monitoring (CEM), an active surveillance system. We described reactogenicity within 7 days and adverse events up to 3 months after each AstraZeneca or Moderna COVID-19 vaccine dose while assessing the feasibility of implementing CEM in a low- to middle-income country (LMIC) during a mass vaccination campaign.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were aged ≥18 years with access to mobile phones who received the first dose of an authorized COVID-19 vaccine from participating health facilities in 6 states of Nigeria during September and October 2021. Data collectors interviewed participants via phone on days 0, 3, 7, and thereafter every 7 days for 3 months. The same schedule was restarted if a participant received a second vaccine dose. Proportions of participant-reported adverse events following COVID-19 vaccine receipt were calculated. Investigation and causality assessment were conducted on deaths using the World Health Organization causality guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We enrolled 12,317 participants (AstraZeneca 6990; Moderna 5327); 6167/6990 (88.2 %) AstraZeneca and 4879/5327 (91.6 %) Moderna recipients completed a follow-up interview days 0–7 after the first dose; among them, 2685/6167 (43.5 %) AstraZeneca and 3533/4879 (72.4 %) Moderna recipients reported local reactions and 2456/6167 (39.8 %) AstraZeneca and 2087/4879 (42.8 %) Moderna recipients reported systemic reactions. Overall, 3891/6990 (55.7 %) AstraZeneca and 3978/5327 (72.8 %) Moderna recipients received a second dose of COVID-19 vaccine, among whom 897/3891 (23 %) AstraZeneca and 1979/3978 (49.7 %) Moderna recipients reported local reactions and 727/3891 (18.7 %) AstraZeneca and 1680/3978 (42.2 %) Moderna recipients reported systemic reactions. Among all enrolled, 11 died; there was no evidence to suggest any deaths were vaccine-related.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>No unexpected patterns of adverse events were detected, providing additional data on the safety of these COVID-19 vaccines in Nigerian adults. We demonstrated that implementing CEM was feasible and may be valuable for safety monitoring of vaccines introduced in LMICs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 126907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of Canadian online resources providing information on COVID-19 vaccination for caregivers of children aged 5–11 years","authors":"Costanza Di Chiara ,&nbsp;Elahe Karimi-Shahrbabak ,&nbsp;Joelle Peresin ,&nbsp;Daniel S. Farrar ,&nbsp;Brooke Low ,&nbsp;Sarah Abu Fadaleh ,&nbsp;Katie Lee ,&nbsp;Lauren Tailor ,&nbsp;Nikki Wong ,&nbsp;Pierre-Philippe Piché-Renaud ,&nbsp;Shaun K. Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Vaccination is one of the most searched health topics online, yet the quality of resources varies considerably. This study evaluated the quality of Canadian COVID-19 vaccines online resources for caregivers of 5–11-year-old children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We reviewed Canadian public-facing websites from academic pediatric hospitals, governments, professional organizations, and public health authorities until April 22, 2022. Inclusion criteria included English/French resources targeting caregivers of 5–11-year-olds, presented as webpages, FAQs, posters/infographics, and/or videos. Reliability, readability, and understandability/actionability were appraised using the JAMA Benchmark, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Patient Education Material Assessment Tool for Printable/Audiovisual materials, respectively. We used a content checklist to assess key vaccine topics (e.g., effectiveness and safety). Descriptive statistics included Fisher's exact and ANOVA tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 1046 websites screened, 43 primary webpage clusters and 141 secondary webpages were analyzed. Twenty (46.5 %), 9 (20.9 %), 7 (16.3 %), and 7 (16.3 %) primary webpage clusters belonged to government, academic pediatric hospitals, professional organizations, and public health authorities, respectively. The mean JAMA Benchmark score was 3.47 ± 0.55 (out of 43). Of 43 clusters, only five (11.6 %) scored at or below a US 6th-grade education level. While 42/43 (97.7 %) primary clusters including printable materials were understandable (PEMAT-<em>P</em> &gt; 70 %), only 7/43 (16.3 %) were considered actionable. The mean content score was 12.65 ± 3.60 (out of 20) among the 43 primary clusters. No differences in quality were seen across organization types, except for actionability (<em>p</em> = 0.016).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although most Canadian webpages on COVID-19 vaccines received high scores in understandability, areas requiring improvement in actionability, readability, and content were identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second booster doses of adenoviral- and mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines increase protection against COVID-19 hospitalization: Final analysis from the REFORCO-Brazil real-world effectiveness study during Omicron","authors":"Wilhelmine Meeraus ,&nbsp;Abigail Postema ,&nbsp;Christen M. Gray ,&nbsp;Andrew Lee ,&nbsp;Andre Santa Maria ,&nbsp;Bárbara Emoingt Furtado ,&nbsp;Eduardo Conde-Sousa ,&nbsp;Mario Ouwens ,&nbsp;Douglas Andreas Valverde ,&nbsp;Clóvis Arns da Cunha ,&nbsp;Alexandre Naime Barbosa ,&nbsp;Claudia Corte ,&nbsp;Sylvia Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines are required to maintain protection against SARS-CoV-2. However, real-world evidence from South America, needed to inform optimal vaccination strategies, is lacking. Herein, we present the final analysis of REFORCO-Brazil, a large-scale assessment of relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of second boosters (vs first boosters) against hospitalization with COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>REFORCO-Brazil is a test-negative case-control study (<span><span>NCT05697705</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) that utilized Brazilian national data on severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) surveillance and COVID-19 vaccination. Individuals hospitalized with SARS from January 1 to December 31, 2022, were classified as test-positive cases (via SARS-CoV-2 antigen/reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]) or test-negative case-controls (via RT-PCR) and matched by admission date, region, sex, preceding COVID-19 vaccinations, and age. We used conditional logistic regression combined with multiple covariate adjustments to estimate rVE for second boosters (versus first boosters received ≥4 months prior) overall, by type (AZD1222, Ad26.COV2·S, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac) and in vulnerable subgroups (elderly and immunocompromised/high-risk individuals).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median (range) time between second booster and SARS hospitalization was 87.0 (8.0–307.0) and 79.0 (8.0–303.0) days among 5426 test-positive cases and 6131 test-negative controls, respectively. Overall rVE of any second booster against hospitalization was 18.7 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 10.5–26.1). The rVE of adenoviral- and mRNA-based vaccines was similar; 18.2 % (4.8–29.8) for AZD1222, 20.7 % (10.2–30.0) for Ad26.COV2·S, and 23.2 % (9.7–34.7) for BNT162b2. Similar levels of added protective benefit, or ‘boosting’, was observed in very elderly and immunocompromised/high-risk individuals. Additional protection was highest within 2 months post-dosing, decreasing thereafter. Exploratory analyses revealed increased protection against severe in-hospital outcomes, including mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results support the use of monovalent adenoviral/mRNA-based vaccine maintain protection against COVID-19 hospitalization from Omicron subvariants. However, optimal timing of booster vaccinations will need to be carefully considered for future booster strategies, especially among vulnerable subgroups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 126955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation seasonal influenza virus vaccines need a neuraminidase component","authors":"Florian Krammer","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126994","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126994"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal colonization, serotype-specific and protein-specific antibody and cytokine levels in young children prior to, during and post COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Naoko Fuji ,&nbsp;Eduardo Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Frank N. Salamone ,&nbsp;Peter Bajorski ,&nbsp;Ravinder Kaur ,&nbsp;Michael Pichichero","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We studied changes in pneumococcal epidemiology and immunology in young children at pre-COVID, during-COVID and post-COVID time-frames.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pneumococci were cultured from nasopharynx and density semi-quantified at six healthy child visits, age 6-36 months, and during acute otitis media (AOM). Serum antibody levels were measured by ELISA. Nasopharyngeal cytokine/chemokine levels were measured by rt-PCR. Differences between pre-COVID (2017 Mar-2019 July), during-COVID (2020 March-2022 March) and post-COVID (2022 April-2023 July) were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At healthy visits, pneumococcal detection was significantly lower during-COVID (21 %) vs. pre-COVID (28 %) and returned to 27 % post-COVID. Nasopharyngeal pneumococcal detection during AOM was not different during the three time frames (47–49 %), and density was consistently higher during AOM compared to healthy visits. Multiple vaccine and non- vaccine serotypes were detected during all time-frames. During-COVID, antibody levels to serotype 6A were lower than pre or post-COVID when measured at 24 months old. Increasing antibody levels occurred across the three time-frames for serotypes 22F and 33F. Pneumococcal<em>-</em> specific protein IgG levels did not differ across the three time-frames. Nasopharyngeal cytokine/chemokine levels during-COVID were lower.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization, antibody and cytokine levels in young children differed compared to before and after the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126954"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of BCG vaccination on incidence, severity and clinical progression of COVID-19: A BCG-REVAC population analysis","authors":"Ramon Andrade de Souza ,&nbsp;Florisneide Rodrigues Barreto ,&nbsp;Carla Cristina Oliveira de Jesus Lima ,&nbsp;Marcio Santos da Natividade ,&nbsp;Carlos Antônio de Souza Teles Santos ,&nbsp;Maria Yury Ichihara ,&nbsp;Marcos Pereira ,&nbsp;Daniel Barros de Castro ,&nbsp;Bernd Genser ,&nbsp;Laura Cunha Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Maurício Lima Barreto ,&nbsp;Susan Martins Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Can vaccination with Bacille Calmette-Guérin prevent clinical progression of COVID-19? Data from the BCG-REVAC trial was archived in a database, creating an excellent opportunity to link it to notified cases of COVID-19 to evaluate the efficacy of BCG against incidence, severity and clinical progression to severe COVID-19 when given at birth day, at school age as a first dose or as a second dose.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted in the population of the BCG-REVAC cluster randomisation trial including 354,403 schoolchildren, aged 7 to 14 years, from 767 schools from two cities, Salvador and Manaus. Cases of COVID-19 from the System for Notification of Infectious Diseases and the System for Notification of Severe Respiratory Illnesses were record linked to BCG-REVAC population. The exposure was Vaccination or revaccination obtained by the BCG-REVAC. The outcomes of interest in this study were incidence COVID-19; incidence of severe COVID-19; and clinical progression of COVID-19. This project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The neonatal dose and a first dose of BCG at school age protect against the incidence of severe COVID-19 in multivariate models, whose efficacies were 30 % (95 %CI:1–51) and 64 % (95 %CI: 22–84), respectively. The neonatal dose showed an effect on severe clinical progression of symptomatic COVID-19 disease in COVID-19 infected subjects 39 % (95 %CI:11 % - 58 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Even 23 years after BCG vaccination and revaccination of school-age children our results suggesting a protective effect of BCG first dose against incidence of severe COVID-19 in infected individuals, a smaller effect of the neonatal dose and no effect of the second dose at school age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126911"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The vaccine dosing effect overcomes the reduced immunogenic potential and in vivo efficacy of 33F pneumococcal serotype","authors":"Zahrasadat Navaeiseddighi ,&nbsp;Taylor Schmit ,&nbsp;Zhihan Wang ,&nbsp;Naseem Ahamed ,&nbsp;Syed Shafat Hasan ,&nbsp;Kai Guo ,&nbsp;Colin Combs ,&nbsp;Nadeem Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Serotype 33F is an emerging <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> (<em>Spn</em>) serotype associated with asymptomatic nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Serotype 33F is a component in the advanced version of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 15 (PCV 15) formulation. However, in the murine vaccination model, serotype 33F exhibits reduced immunogenicity, correlating with reduced protection against 33F. To investigate if the reduced immunogenic potential of serotype 33F can be overcome by optimizing the vaccine dosing, we immunized C57BL/6 mice with a range of CRM₁₉₇ conjugated monovalent 33F dosages, i.e., 0.04 ‐ –0.32 μg. Our data show the dose-dependent differences in 33F vaccine responses with a higher immunization dose (0.32 μg) producing significantly higher levels of serum antibody responses, correlating with enhanced in vivo protection against <em>Spn</em> bacterial colonization. Our findings suggest that higher immunization dosing can overcome the inherently reduced immunogenicity of emerging 33F <em>Spn</em> serotype.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal influenza vaccination in Kenya: What determines healthcare Workers' willingness to accept and recommend vaccination?","authors":"Nancy A. Otieno ,&nbsp;Rosalia Kalani ,&nbsp;Jorim Ayugi ,&nbsp;Bryan O. Nyawanda ,&nbsp;Linus K. Ndegwa ,&nbsp;Eric Osoro ,&nbsp;Malembe Ebama ,&nbsp;Joseph Bresee ,&nbsp;Kathryn E. Lafond ,&nbsp;Sandra S. Chaves ,&nbsp;Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner ,&nbsp;Gideon O. Emukule","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Data about healthcare workers' (HCW) willingness to accept and recommend seasonal influenza vaccination in countries without influenza vaccination programs are limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 7 of the 47 counties in Kenya to examine HCW's knowledge and perceptions of seasonal influenza disease and vaccination. We aimed to enroll all HCW who deliver clinical services directly or peripherally to patients from 5 health facilities in each county. We used chi-square tests and mixed effects logistic regression to identify variables associated with HCW's willingness to accept and recommend seasonal influenza vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From May–June 2018, we enrolled 2035 HCW, representing 49.0 % of targeted respondents from 35 facilities. Most HCW (82.1 %) were from public health facilities. Among the HCW who had heard of seasonal influenza, 87.3 % (1420/1627) believed it can cause severe illness. Most HCW (1076/1209; 89.0 %) were willing to receive a seasonal influenza vaccine if it was recommended for them and provided for free, and 91.4 % (1441/1576) would vaccinate or recommend vaccination to their patients if vaccine was available. Only 17.6 % (213/1212) reported having ever received a seasonal influenza vaccine. HCW who believed that influenza could cause severe illness (aOR 1.8; 95 % CI 1.0–3.2) and that people around them would be better protected from influenza illness if HCW are vaccinated (aOR 3.1; 95 % CI 2.0–4.9) were more likely to report willingness to accept vaccination. HCW from private health facilities (aOR 2.2; 95 % CI 1.3–6.4), and those who believed that people around them are better protected if HCW are vaccinated (aOR 3.5; 95 % CI 2.2–5.8) were more likely to report willingness to vaccinate or recommend vaccination to patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest favorable attitudes among HCW towards seasonal influenza vaccination, many of whom are motivated by the desire to protect the health of others around them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126963"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnant persons perceptions and uptake of prenatal RSV vaccine – Minnesota, 2023–2024","authors":"Malini B. DeSilva,&nbsp;Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez,&nbsp;Elisabeth M. Seburg,&nbsp;Maren S.G. Henderson,&nbsp;Kirsten Ehresmann,&nbsp;Laura J. Zibley,&nbsp;Kristin Palmsten","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine was recommended for use during pregnancy in September 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess pregnant persons' intentions to receive and evaluate factors associated with RSV vaccine intentions and uptake.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>We invited 1999 pregnant persons ≥18 years, between 12 and 30 weeks gestation who had received prenatal care at HealthPartners to complete an online survey during September–November 2023. Our primary outcome was intention to receive RSV vaccine. We also asked respondents about reasons to or not to receive RSV vaccine and intentions to receive other vaccines during pregnancy. We assessed RSV vaccine uptake for patients 32–36 weeks gestation between 10/12/23 (first RSV vaccine in study population) and 2/1/24. We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) between responses and intention to receive RSV vaccination and, for those eligible to receive RSV vaccine, adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and 95 % CIs for RSV vaccine uptake.</div><div>We adjusted aPRs and aRRs for age, race, ethnicity, Medicaid, living with children ≤5 years, and work in healthcare and weighted by inverse probability of survey participation using Poisson regression with robust variance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>455 patients participated (23 % response), 26 % were non-white and/or Hispanic, 46 % lived with children ≤5 years, and 30 % work in healthcare; 65 % intended to receive RSV vaccine during pregnancy. Among 427 eligible respondents, 51 % received RSV vaccine. Factors associated with RSV vaccination intention and uptake included perceived vaccine effectiveness (aPR: 19.47, 95 % CI: 5.82, 65.12; aRR 3.06, 95 % CI: 1.70, 5.51) and a provider recommendation (aPR: 8.04, 95 % CI: 4.23, 15.29; aRR 3.30, 95 % CI: 1.99, 5.48). Among those not planning to receive RSV vaccine, responses suggested safety concerns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Strong recommendations for receiving RSV vaccine during pregnancy from a healthcare provider incorporating information about RSV vaccine safety and effectiveness may increase vaccine uptake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 126958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}