Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Trends and spatial distribution of the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases in children under five in Brazil from 2000 to 2019","authors":"Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da Silva ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá ,&nbsp;Elton Junio Sady Prates ,&nbsp;Guilherme Augusto Veloso ,&nbsp;Bárbara Aguiar Carrato ,&nbsp;Crizian Saar Gomes ,&nbsp;Monsen Naghavi ,&nbsp;Deborah Carvalho Malta","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze mortality burden and spatial distribution of vaccine-preventable diseases in children under five in Brazil from 2000 to 2019.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Ecological study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Study using vaccination coverage data from 2000 to 2019 across 5570 Brazilian municipalities, and mortality estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Spatial analyses were conducted to identify statistically significant clusters (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and spatial autocorrelation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a reduction in mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases in Brazil between 2000 and 2019. The North and Northeast regions showed high mortality rates and lower vaccination coverage compared to other regions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Infant mortality in Brazil decreased significantly, especially after improvements in vaccination coverage. However, this reduction was not uniform, with the North and Northeast regions showing clusters of high mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127060"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid cycle analytics framework for vaccine safety surveillance within a real-world data network: Experience with enhanced surveillance of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine","authors":"E. Claire Newbern ,&nbsp;Azza Shoaibi ,&nbsp;Kevin Haynes ,&nbsp;Clair Blacketer ,&nbsp;Corinne Willame ,&nbsp;Frank DeFalco ,&nbsp;Gowtham A. Rao ,&nbsp;Kourtney Davis ,&nbsp;Luis Anaya Velarde ,&nbsp;Nicolas Praet ,&nbsp;Rupa Makadia ,&nbsp;Yimei Xu ,&nbsp;Patrick Ryan ,&nbsp;Martijn Schuemie","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To complement and support routine pharmacovigilance, Janssen conducted rapid real-world data analyses for near real-time safety monitoring of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine and to contextualize potential safety signals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analyses were performed in four U.S. healthcare claims databases (February 2022–May 2023) using standardized algorithms for three vaccine exposures, 56 outcomes, and 93 negative controls. Three self-controlled case series and two comparative cohort variants were conducted, each with consideration of multiple at-risk periods following vaccination. Only results that passed pre-determined, standardized diagnostics were unblinded. Two evidence interpretation strategies were employed: 1) Discovery: aimed to support discovering potentially unknown associations for further investigation, correcting for multiple testing and sequential looks over time. 2) Estimation: aimed to quantify the strength of association for specific exposure-outcome pairs and assess statistical uncertainty.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 13 outcomes of interest showed results exceeding the prespecified Discovery threshold. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and Bell's palsy had the most consistent signaling over time, analytic methods, and data sources. GBS, an adverse drug reaction that was added to the product information in August 2021, is used as the example to demonstrate the aspects of this rapid analytic framework. Estimation results for GBS were consistent, with effect estimates in the 1–28 day risk window ranging from an incidence rate ratio of 4.0 (95 % confidence interval: 2.1–7.7) in a self-controlled design to a hazard ratio of 6.3 (3.0–13.0) in a cohort design.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This work demonstrates the value and feasibility of conducting rapid cycle analysis across numerous outcomes in multiple databases employing complementary methodologies over successive time points while maintaining scientific integrity. The scalability of the approach is facilitated by the a priori specification of analytic diagnostics and corresponding thresholds, which excludes analyses likely to yield unreliable results, thereby minimizing subjective interpretation and post-hoc rationalization of failed diagnostic tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127044"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive detection of pertussis toxin in acellular pertussis vaccines using HRH1-mediated calcium signaling","authors":"Jin-Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Dong-Yeop Lee ,&nbsp;Seungwon Baek ,&nbsp;Jae-Yeon Jeong ,&nbsp;Won-Ki Huh","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate detection and quantification of residual pertussis toxin (PTx), a key virulence factor of <em>Bordetella pertussis</em>, are essential for the production and safety testing of acellular pertussis vaccines. Traditional methods, such as the histamine sensitization test and the CHO cell clustering assay, face challenges including low reproducibility, difficulty in standardization, and interference from vaccine adjuvants. To address these limitations, we developed a biosensor for PTx detection based on histamine receptor H1 (HRH1)-induced calcium signaling in MDA-MB-231 cells, representing an unexplored approach for PTx detection. Using mini G protein recruitment and Gα activation assays, we found that HRH1 activates both Gα_q and Gα_i heterotrimers. The presence of PTx disrupts histamine-induced Gα_i binding to HRH1, resulting in a compensatory increase in Gα_q binding and enhanced calcium signaling. By normalizing sustained calcium levels to the percentage of the maximal calcium response, we achieved higher accuracy and reliability in detecting PTx, even in the presence of adjuvants. Our method provides quantitative detection of PTx activity with high sensitivity, achieving a limit of detection in the pg/ml range in acellular pertussis vaccines spiked with PTx. This work introduces a robust and convenient calcium assay using MDA-MB-231 cells, which predominantly express HRH1 with negligible expression of other HRH receptors, as an effective method for PTx detection in vaccine safety testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 127056"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the costs of care for pediatric patients hospitalized for RSV: A retrospective cohort study in Belgium","authors":"Anne Tilmanne ,&nbsp;Magali Pirson ,&nbsp;Pol Leclercq ,&nbsp;Julie Van Den Bulcke ,&nbsp;Jérôme E. Dauvergne ,&nbsp;Arnaud Bruyneel","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the costs of respiratory-syncytial virus (RSV)-related hospitalizations in children under 3 years old in Belgium for hospitals and health insurance, and to identify factors influencing costs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study used data from 16 French-speaking hospitals in Belgium, covering January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019. RSV diagnoses for children under three were identified using International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes, resulting in 2176 hospitalizations analyzed for cost assessment. Hospital and health insurance costs were derived from administrative and billing data, adjusted for inflation, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression models to assess cost factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 2176 RSV-related hospitalizations, 61.8 % were in children under one year, and 74.1 % had readmissions within a year. The median length of stay (LOS) was 3.67 days, with a median hospital cost of €2924 and a median health insurance cost of €2221 per stay. Factors associated with higher costs included longer LOS, severe diagnosis-related group category, pediatric intensive care unit admission, and non-invasive ventilation use, with costs generally lower for children aged 1–2 years. Based on these data, the annual costs in Belgium associated with RSV hospitalizations in the pre-immunization era are estimated to exceed €26 million from the health insurance perspective and €29 million from the hospital perspective.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the significant and underestimated financial burden of RSV hospitalization in Belgium. This emphasizes the need for better resource allocation to reduce the economic impact of RSV on healthcare systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127065"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of trajectory of COVID-19 vaccines effectiveness against infection","authors":"Jialiang Jiang ,&nbsp;Kwok Fai Lam ,&nbsp;Eric Ho Yin Lau ,&nbsp;Guosheng Yin ,&nbsp;Yun Lin ,&nbsp;Benjamin John Cowling","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127067","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This large-scale cohort study conducted in Hong Kong examined the time-varying protective effects of various COVID-19 vaccines and dosing regimens against the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 variants. An innovative pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model was employed to estimate the trajectory of vaccine effectiveness over time. Results indicated that the maximum protection for a single dose reached 0.120 for CoronaVac and 0.171 for Comirnaty. The peak protective effectiveness for the second and third doses were observed at 0.348 and 0.522, respectively. In a 4-dose regimen, CoronaVac demonstrated a maximum protective effectiveness of 0.548, stabilizing at 0.487, while Comirnaty achieved a maximum effectiveness of 0.784, stabilizing at 0.714 six months after the administration of the last dose. The vaccine effectiveness exhibited a rising and then declining pattern, peaking approximately 1–2 months post-vaccination. Understanding waning immunity is crucial for optimizing vaccination strategies and policies as viral evolution continues. This real-world study captured changing dynamics that may differ from clinical trials with limited follow-up, providing essential evidence to guide the optimization of vaccination efforts. Ongoing monitoring of vaccine effectiveness remains critical as the viral landscape evolves.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aims to investigate the time-varying protective effects of various COVID-19 vaccines and dosing regimens against infections caused by the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 in Hong Kong.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This territory-wide cohort study from Hong Kong combined vaccination records, confirmed COVID-19 cases, and census data from January 2022 to May 2022 to comprehensively analyze the time-varying protective effects of different COVID-19 vaccines and dosing regimens against Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 infections. A 4-parameter pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model was used to estimate the trajectory of vaccine effectiveness over time.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Among 6.2 million adults, the maximum protective effectiveness for a single vaccine dose reached 0.120 for CoronaVac and 0.171 for Comirnaty. For the second and third doses, peak effectiveness were observed at 0.348 for CoronaVac and 0.522 for Comirnaty. Notably, a 4-dose regimen resulted in maximum protections of 0.548 for CoronaVac and 0.785 for Comirnaty, which stabilized at 0.487 and 0.714, respectively, six months following the last doses. The vaccine effectiveness exhibited a rising then declining pattern, peaking around 1–2 months post-vaccination, underscoring the importance of ongoing vaccination strategies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Understanding the waning of vaccine protection over time is critical for informing optimal vaccination strategies, booster schedules, and public health policies. This real-world study can capture changing dynamics that may differ from clinical trials which have more limited follow","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127067"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccine hesitancy among racially diverse parents in Canada: The important role of health literacy, conspiracy beliefs and racial discrimination","authors":"Jude Mary Cénat ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi ,&nbsp;Rose Darly Dalexis ,&nbsp;Yan Xu ,&nbsp;Idrissa Beogo","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental vaccine hesitancy is a global public health issue that leads to lower immunization coverage among children. While vaccine mistrust is increased among racialized adults, whether parental vaccine hesitancy differs by ethnicity in the era of COVID-19 is unknown. Addressing these gaps in the literature, this study explores the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy among a racially diverse and representative sample of Canadian parents of children aged 0 to 12, comparing perspectives across different racial groups. An online survey was administered to a nationally representative sample of Arab, Asian, Black, Indigenous, White, and Mixed-race parents from October to November 2023. Data were collected on demographics, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, experience of major racial discrimination, conspiracy beliefs and health literacy. A total of 2528 parents (57.52 % women, 42.29 % men, and 0.20 % identified as non-binary gender) completed the survey. Significant mean differences in vaccine hesitancy were observed among racialized groups, <em>F</em>(7, 2520) = 3.89, <em>p</em> &lt; .001, with Arab parents (M = 23.73, SD = 7.46) reporting higher hesitancy than White parents (M = 21.28, SD = 8.59). Younger participants (14–24 years) showed greater hesitancy (<em>M</em> = 23.98, SD = 8.22) than those aged 55+ (<em>M</em> = 20.26, SD = 7.83), <em>F</em>(4, 2523) = 2.84, <em>p</em> = .023. Regression analyses indicated that conspiracy beliefs (<em>β</em> = 0.48, <em>p</em> &lt; .001) and racial discrimination (<em>β</em> = 0.09, <em>p</em> = .012) are key predictors of vaccine hesitancy. A significant interaction between conspiracy beliefs and discrimination was found among racialized groups (<em>β</em> = 0.24, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). Based on these results, addressing vaccine hesitancy requires nuanced, participatory approaches that foster trust, counter misinformation, and acknowledge systemic racial inequities. As, health literacy, conspiracy beliefs, and racial discrimination significantly shape parental decisions, future policies must integrate culturally and racially tailored strategies to promote vaccination, ensuring that every child in Canada is protected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127049"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and health-related predictors of COVID-19 booster uptake among fully vaccinated adults","authors":"Yordanos M. Tiruneh ,&nbsp;Jihye Choi ,&nbsp;Paula M. Cuccaro ,&nbsp;Journey Martinez ,&nbsp;Jing Xie ,&nbsp;Mark Owens ,&nbsp;Jose-Miguel Yamal","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To control COVID-19 mutations and prevent further spread, periodic revaccination is essential. Despite the substantial evidence supporting vaccine efficacy, hesitancy towards COVID-19 booster doses persists.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined factors associated with the booster vaccine uptake and the intention to receive a booster among fully vaccinated adults in Texas (<em>N</em> = 14,543), using a weighted telephone survey in 2022. We employed multiple logistic regression with Lasso-selected variables to identify sociodemographic, geographic, and health-related predictors of booster uptake and intentions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the respondents, 9989 (70 %) respondents reported having received a booster dose. Booster uptake was higher among older (65 years and older), White, publicly insured, and financially stable individuals. It was also higher among those without a history of COVID-19 infection and those with comorbidities and concerns about the virus. Higher odds of being boosted were associated with older age, Asian race, Spanish language, three public health regions (PHR 11, 7, 9/10), and diabetes and HIV diagnoses. Lower odds were observed among smokers, the uninsured, and those experiencing financial struggles. Among those who had not received the booster, greater intentions to receive a booster were observed across all racial/ethnic groups compared to White individuals, Spanish speakers, and the uninsured. Those with diabetes expressed stronger intentions to receive a booster, while individuals previously infected with COVID-19 and males were less inclined to seek a booster. However, individuals expressing concerns about the infection had higher intention to be boosted.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlighted disparities in booster vaccinations across geographic regions, racial/ethnic groups, and insurance status. Targeted educational initiatives about the importance of booster vaccination are needed, especially for underserved populations with limited access to healthcare. Public health efforts should also focus on countering misinformation and promoting the benefits of boosters through gain-framed messages to motivate vaccine uptake and mitigate the spread of COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 127048"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing acceptance of RSV immunization for newborns among pregnant individuals: A mixed-methods study","authors":"Dominique Gagnon ,&nbsp;Charlotte Gubany ,&nbsp;Manale Ouakki ,&nbsp;Benjamin Malo ,&nbsp;Maude Paquette ,&nbsp;Nicholas Brousseau ,&nbsp;Jesse Papenburg ,&nbsp;Eve Dubé","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory infections and hospitalizations in Canadian infants. Recently, Health Canada approved two novel immunizing products: a vaccine given during pregnancy and a monoclonal antibody for infants. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and intentions regarding RSV and its prevention among pregnant individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A mixed-methods study was conducted in Quebec from October to December 2023. Pregnant individuals were recruited through targeted Facebook advertisements. Data were collected in two phases: Phase 1 involved an online survey to assess knowledge of RSV, attitudes toward immunization, and intentions regarding both immunization products, followed by qualitative interviews in Phase 2 to explore factors impacting decision-making and preferences for RSV prevention. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics; interview data were analyzed through thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among survey participants (<em>n</em> = 803), 68.4 % reported some knowledge of RSV. Intention for both immunization products was high, with 88.1 % of participants willing to receive the RSV vaccine during pregnancy and 92 %, to administer monoclonal antibodies to their infants. A majority (69 %) of participants preferred vaccination during pregnancy over monoclonal antibodies. The desire to protect their infant from severe RSV complications was a key motivating factor of acceptance of new RSV immunizing products. Other key determinants included vaccine safety, efficacy, and recommendations by healthcare providers. Qualitative interviews (<em>n</em> = 25) highlighted safety concerns of expectant parents about these new products. The importance of clear and evidence-based recommendations by healthcare providers was also emphasized.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Pregnant individuals demonstrated a high level of interest in RSV immunization for infants, whether with vaccination during pregnancy or with monoclonal antibodies. Recommendations by healthcare providers and availability of information on the safety and efficacy of these new products will be key to move from intention to action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B serosurvey to validate the achievement of regional hepatitis B control targets in Belarus","authors":"Veronika Vysotskaya ,&nbsp;Martyna Gassowski ,&nbsp;Amelia Kasper ,&nbsp;Elena Gasich ,&nbsp;Natalia Kolomiets ,&nbsp;Alla Dashkevich ,&nbsp;Kathleen Wannemuehler ,&nbsp;Oleg Dubovik ,&nbsp;Liudmila Mosina","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Belarus conducted a representative, national hepatitis B serosurvey to evaluate the impact of hepatitis B vaccination programme.</div><div>We used a multi-stage cluster design to select 3783 children born between 2009 and 2015. We collected demographic and immunization data, as well as venous blood samples, which were analysed for HBsAg by ELISA.</div><div>Out of 2870 participants with valid test results, one tested positive for HBsAg, resulting in a weighted seroprevalence of 0.02% (one-sided 95% upper bound = 0.09%). Of the 3731/3783 (99%) participants with immunization records, 86.8% (95% CI: 84.8; 88.6) had received a timely birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine and 85.6% (95% CI: 83.5; 87.4) had received a birth dose and at least two subsequent doses of the vaccine.</div><div>This study findings demonstrated the achievement of the regional hepatitis B control targets and significant progress toward the elimination of hepatitis B as a public health threat in Belarus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127058"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B vaccination initiation and vaccination series completion: An in-depth systematic evidence review, with meta-analysis of associations with individual socioeconomic and health-related factors.","authors":"George N. Okoli ,&nbsp;Alexandra Grossman Moon ,&nbsp;Alexandra E. Soos ,&nbsp;Christine J. Neilson ,&nbsp;Diane M. Harper","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Associations between hepatitis B vaccination and individual socioeconomic/health-related factors have not been summarised.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42023445721) wherein we grouped study populations into a paediatric population (&lt;18-year-olds), community-dwelling adults (≥18-year-olds of average risk), persons at a higher risk of exposure, and persons with a chronic condition(s). We pooled appropriate multivariable-adjusted results using an inverse variance random-effects model, with the pooled results expressed as odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 83 cross-sectional studies. Thirty-nine studies reported on vaccination initiation, and 51 reported on vaccination series completion. In the paediatric population, being a child of an Asian versus White mother increased the odds of vaccination initiation, whereas a low versus high mother's socioeconomic status and birth in a health facility versus home birth increased the odds of vaccination series completion. In community-dwelling adults, there were increased odds of vaccination initiation with being younger, a White versus Black/Hispanic person, a health professional, higher education, HIV/hepatitis B screening, influenza vaccination in the past year, health insurance, and health care utilisation. There were increased odds of vaccination series completion with factors like initiation. In persons at a higher risk of exposure, older age, higher education, HIV/hepatitis B screening, influenza vaccination in the past year, being married/cohabiting, and training on infection increased the odds of vaccination initiation. In contrast, drug use, HIV/hepatitis B screening, being married/cohabiting, being female, being a current/former smoker, and having more health worker experience increased the odds of vaccination series completion. In persons with chronic condition(s), younger age was associated with increased odds of vaccination initiation, whereas higher education and being a health professional increased the odds of vaccination series completion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Several individual socioeconomic and health-related factors may influence hepatitis B vaccination, particularly in community-dwelling adults and persons at higher risk of exposure. Our findings may inform targeted messaging to optimise hepatitis B vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 127051"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}