Duration of protection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after primary homologous vaccination or first infection

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127440

Ivana Mihin Huskić , Mirta Benšić , Ksenija Kretonić , Ivan Miškulin , Maja Miškulin , Josip Milas , Danijela Nujić

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the duration of protection in 95 % of the population after primary vaccination (PV) and/or acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection in order to make public health decisions. A study was a retrospective cohort study conducted in Osijek-Baranja County, Croatia, between December 27, 2020, and May 12, 2023.

A total of 119,596 subjects of both sexes and all age groups were analyzed. The method of survival analysis was used.

The length of protection (LoP) for 95 % and 90 % of the population with first infection was 256 (confidence interval (CI) 251–264) days and 365 (CI 350–381) days, respectively. In those primarily vaccinated, the longest duration of protection was recorded in subjects having received primary homologous vaccination with Spikevax (Moderna), 143 (CI 133–150) and 192 (CI 183–201) days, followed by those with Comirnaty (BioNTech/Pfizer), 119 (CI 116–122) and 168 (CI 165–170) days, respectively. The respective duration of protection was 77 (71–84) and 164 (154–172) days for Jcovden (Janssen-Cilag), and 125 (118–131) and 149 (144–154) days for Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca). Protection after SARS-CoV-2 infection was longest as compared with the LoP following primary vaccination with any of the vaccines.

The interval for vaccination of the general population previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 is on average twice the protection provided by primary vaccination with any homologous vaccine. Conclusions based on the study results are relevant for making public health measures concerning re-vaccination timing.

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首次同源疫苗接种或首次感染后对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）的保护时间

本研究的目的是确定95%的人群在初次接种疫苗（PV）和/或获得SARS-CoV-2感染后的保护时间，以便制定公共卫生决策。该研究是一项回顾性队列研究，于2020年12月27日至2023年5月12日在克罗地亚奥西耶克-巴拉尼亚县进行。共有119,596名男女和所有年龄组的受试者进行了分析。采用生存分析方法。95%和90%的首次感染人群的保护时间（LoP）分别为256（置信区间（CI） 251 ~ 264）天和365 （CI 350 ~ 381）天。在初次接种疫苗的受试者中，接种Spikevax （Moderna）初次同源疫苗的受试者保护时间最长，分别为143 （CI 133-150）和192 （CI 183-201）天，其次是Comirnaty (BioNTech/Pfizer)，分别为119 （CI 116-122）和168 （CI 165-170）天。Jcovden （Janssen-Cilag）的保护期分别为77（71-84）和164（154-172）天，Vaxzevria （AstraZeneca）的保护期分别为125（118-131）和149（144-154）天。SARS-CoV-2感染后的保护作用比初次接种任何一种疫苗后的保护作用时间最长。以前感染过SARS-CoV-2的一般人群接种疫苗的间隔时间平均是任何同源疫苗初次接种所提供保护的两倍。研究结果对制定再接种时机的公共卫生措施具有一定的指导意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

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