Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Time of day of vaccination does not influence antibody responses to pneumococcal and annual influenza vaccination in a cohort of healthy older adults","authors":"Siân E. Faustini ,&nbsp;Claire Backhouse ,&nbsp;Niharika A. Duggal ,&nbsp;Kai-Michael Toellner ,&nbsp;Ruth Harvey ,&nbsp;Mark T. Drayson ,&nbsp;Janet M. Lord ,&nbsp;Alex G. Richter","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaccines are less immunogenic in older adults, partly due to immunosenescence. Having previously shown that morning influenza vaccination may be more immunogenic in older adults (mean age 71), we assessed if this could be replicated in a younger cohort (mean age 57) and with a T-cell independent vaccine. This study examined whether diurnal timing of a single dose of Pneumovax® (PPV-23) and seasonal influenza vaccine influenced antibody responses in 140 healthy adults over the age of 50. Pneumococcal serotype-specific (PnPS) antibodies and Haemagglutination Inhibition Assays (HAI) were used to characterize antibody responses at Baseline, 1, 4, and 52 weeks post-vaccination. Protective thresholds were set at 0.35 μg/mL for two-thirds of PnPS tested (WHO_≥8/12PnPS) and a titre of ≥40 HAI for H1N1, H3N2, and B/Victoria strains. Both AM and PM cohorts showed increased Pn-specific antibodies to one PPV-23 dose at weeks 1, 4, and 52; however, time of day did not significantly influence antibody responses. Baseline immunity for pneumococcus was high (57.1 % AM, 50.0 % PM had WHO_≥8/12PnPS), and immunity was maintained with at least 7/12 serotypes elevated at 52 weeks. Time of day did not alter short- or long-term influenza antibody responses. H1N1 had the highest baseline immunity (67.6 % AM, 48.6 % PM had ≥40 HAI) and the most increased responses at week 4 post-vaccination (92.8 % AM, 94.1 % PM) that were maintained at 52 weeks post-vaccination (91.7 % AM, 89.3 % PM). The poorest serotype immunity was for the B/Victoria strain at all time points. Although time of day did not influence vaccine immunogenicity in AM and PM cohorts, sustained cohort-wide antibody responses were demonstrated in an older population. Identifying 18 % of the total cohort exhibited suboptimal responses to pneumococcal or influenza vaccines underscores the imperative for enhancing vaccine efficacy within this age group to reduce morbidity and mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 126770"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phase 3 randomized safety and immunogenicity trial of mRNA-1010 seasonal influenza vaccine in adults","authors":"Mieke Soens ,&nbsp;Jintanat Ananworanich ,&nbsp;Bryony Hicks ,&nbsp;Kathryn Jean Lucas ,&nbsp;Jose Cardona ,&nbsp;Lawrence Sher ,&nbsp;Greg Livermore ,&nbsp;Kristi Schaefers ,&nbsp;Carole Henry ,&nbsp;Angela Choi ,&nbsp;Andrei Avanesov ,&nbsp;Ren Chen ,&nbsp;Evelyn Du ,&nbsp;Alicia Pucci ,&nbsp;Rituparna Das ,&nbsp;Jacqueline Miller ,&nbsp;Raffael Nachbagauer","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based influenza vaccines have the potential to improve upon limitations of current vaccine approaches to seasonal influenza.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Here we report findings on the primary and secondary objectives of the safety, reactogenicity, and humoral immunogenicity of the quadrivalent mRNA vaccine, mRNA-1010, versus licensed standard-dose and high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccines from a three-part, phase 3 clinical trial in adults aged ≥18 years (Part A), 18–64 years (Part B), and ≥ 65 years (Part C) (<span><span>NCT05827978</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A single 50-μg dose of mRNA-1010 elicited hemagglutination inhibition titers against vaccine-matched strains that were statistically noninferior and superior to licensed standard-dose and high-dose egg-based quadrivalent vaccine comparators. Solicited adverse reactions were more frequent with receipt of mRNA-1010; adverse reactions were lower in frequency and severity among adults aged ≥65 years than younger adults. No safety concerns were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings support the potential benefit of mRNA-1010 as a seasonal influenza vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 126847"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-administration of seasonal quadrivalent influenza and COVID-19 vaccines leads to enhanced immune responses to influenza virus and reduced immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in naive mice","authors":"Anass Abbad ,&nbsp;Joshua Yueh ,&nbsp;Temima Yellin ,&nbsp;Gagandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Carreño ,&nbsp;Jordan J. Clark ,&nbsp;Hiromi Muramatsu ,&nbsp;Sachchidanand Tiwari ,&nbsp;Disha Bhavsar ,&nbsp;Garazi Peña Alzua ,&nbsp;Norbert Pardi ,&nbsp;Viviana Simon ,&nbsp;Florian Krammer","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ongoing co-circulation of influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents significant public health challenges. Vaccination is a pivotal tool to tackle infections and severe disease. Administering both the influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines simultaneously could simplify vaccine delivery and is already practice in several countries. In this study, we assessed the protective efficacy and humoral immune responses elicited by concomitant administration of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) and the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2) in naïve BALB/c mice. We included three ways of co-administration: a) both vaccines at contralateral limbs, b) both vaccines at ipsilateral limbs and c) admixture of the two vaccines before administration. The last regimen was included since it has been shown that the lipid nanoparticles used for mRNA vaccines can also have an adjuvant effect on protein-based antigens. Notably, co-administration of QIV and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine led to significantly higher hemagglutinin inhibiting (HAI) and binding antibody titers compared to QIV only vaccination, especially in the ipsilateral and admixed groups. Conversely, ipsilateral administration and administration of an admixed vaccine had a slightly negative impact on SARS-CoV-2 binding and neutralization titers. These findings support the hypothesis that the co-administration of QIV and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines can induce robust antibody responses, which are indicative of protective immune responses against both infectious agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 126825"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) on pneumococcal carriage in healthy children and children with acute otitis media and pneumonia: emergence of serotypes 3, 6C and 19A in Croatia","authors":"Nina Krajcar ,&nbsp;Vladimir Trkulja ,&nbsp;Iva Butić ,&nbsp;Goran Tešović ,&nbsp;Pneumococcal CROcarriage Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In 2019, the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced in the Croatian immunization programme, a first for this European PCV-naïve country. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of PCV10 on pneumococcal serotype distribution among asymptomatic children and children with pneumonia and/or acute otitis media.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional studies were conducted before and after the PCV10 introduction, with nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 1500 healthy children under 48 months of age. An additional 324 children under 18 years with pneumonia and/or acute otitis media, from whom <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> was isolated, were also included. Isolates were identified by conventional methods, serotyped by Quellung reaction, and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using disk diffusion and gradient test methods. We report prevalence, absolute risk (prevalence) difference (RD) and relative risk (prevalence) ratio (RR) differences between exposed and control children.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Carriage prevalence among healthy children increased from 19.9% to 28.7%, primarily due to a rise in non-vaccine serotypes (NVT). Adjusted probabilities for serotypes 6C (RR 3.18; 95% CI, 1.43–7.06), 11A (RR 2.8; 95% CI, 1.22–6.39), 19A (RR 4.18; 95% CI, 1.18–14.9) and 23A (RR 3.93; 95% CI, 1.87–8.24) were significantly higher in healthy exposed children. Prevalences of these serotypes were also higher in exposed children with pneumonia/acute otitis media. In this cohort, serotype 3 increased (RR 4.6; 95% CI, 2.02–10.3), becoming the leading post-PCV10 isolate in the overall studied population. Serotypes 3 and 19A were almost entirely responsible for complicated pneumonia cases for which the probability increased by 21-fold. Antimicrobial susceptibility remained similar across periods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In the early post-vaccine period significant increase of PCV10 vaccine-related serotypes (6C, 19A) was observed. Continued monitoring is also essential due to concerning rise of serotype 3 in patients with mucosal infections and a higher risk for complicated pneumonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 126848"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and safety of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children aged 3–17 years in China","authors":"Lizhe Ai ,&nbsp;Zhao Gao ,&nbsp;Huakun Lv ,&nbsp;Jikai Zhang ,&nbsp;Na Xu ,&nbsp;Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiang Lu ,&nbsp;Hongcai Zhu ,&nbsp;Nianmin Shi ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Dawei Liu ,&nbsp;Qiong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>(</strong>1) Background: The administration of a live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has emerged as a viable option for preventing pediatric infections. The LAIV vaccine is available in China based on efficacy results. However, LAIV immunogenicity in children aged 3–17 years old in China has not yet to be studied and reported broadly. (2) Methods: This is a substudy investigating the immunogenicity and safety of the LAIV under a Phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 3000 participants were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, split in half between vaccine and placebo, was conducted to evaluate a single LAIV dose in this age group. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers and incidence of adverse events were used to evaluate immunogenicity and safety, respectively. (3) Results: Although there was no significant difference in frequencies of all solicited or unsolicited AEs, nasal congestion, headache, and muscle pain were statistically significantly more frequent in vaccine recipients as compared to placebo Seroconversions and geometric mean fold increases in HI antibody titers against all strains were significantly higher in the vaccine group than in the placebo group. (4) Conclusions: The LAIV is safe and immunogenic in Chinese children and adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 126653"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undernutrition and antibody response to measles, tetanus and Haemophilus Influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination in pre-school south African children: The VHEMBE birth cohort study","authors":"Brenda Eskenazi ,&nbsp;Stephen Rauch ,&nbsp;Basant Elsiwi ,&nbsp;Riana Bornman ,&nbsp;Muvhulawa Obida ,&nbsp;Angela Brewer ,&nbsp;Brian J. Ward ,&nbsp;Jonathan Chevrier","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Under-vaccination is undoubtedly driving recent worldwide measles outbreaks, but undernutrition may also be playing a role in low- and middle-income countries. Studies have shown reduced immune response to vaccines in undernourished children but few have followed children beyond infancy, when they are more likely to be exposed to infectious diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and the Environment (VHEMBE) South African birth cohort study, we examined the relationship between undernutrition, as measured by stunting and other growth measures, and vaccine-specific serum antibody level to three different vaccine types: measles, tetanus and <em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> type b (Hib). We included 621 fully-vaccinated children with anthropometric measurements at ages 1, 2, and 3.5 years and antibody levels at 3.5 and 5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At 5 years of age, 90.4% of fully-vaccinated children were protected against measles, 66.7% against tetanus, and 56.1% against Hib. Children who were stunted or had any indicator of diminished growth at 3.5 years averaged a 24.1% (95% CI = -44.2, 0.6) or a 27.2% (95% CI = -45.1, −1.3) lower antibody titer for measles, respectively, relative to those with normal growth. In addition, girls, but not boys, with any indicator of diminished growth at 3.5 years averaged a 36.8% (−59.3, −7.0) lower antibody titer for tetanus. We found no association between undernutrition and Hib antibody titers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early life undernutrition may be associated with lower induction or persistence of antibody responses to certain vaccines. Addressing child undernutrition may improve vaccine efficacy and reduce the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 126564"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnant women's experiences of and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination: A qualitative descriptive study","authors":"Hee Sun Kang ,&nbsp;So Youn Kim ,&nbsp;Jennie C. De Gagne ,&nbsp;Sun-Mi Chae","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to understand the experiences of and attitudes toward pregnant women regarding COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A qualitative descriptive study was conducted between April and June 2022 with 25 pregnant women in South Korea through seven focus group interviews via Zoom™. Data were analyzed using a content analysis approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants ranged in age from 27 to 41 years, with an average of 33.40 (±3.84) years. Gestational ages ranging from 15 to 35 weeks, with 13 women (52.0 %) in their second trimester, and 12 women (48.0 %) in their third trimester. All participants were college graduates. Forty percent completed three doses, while 40 % received two, 12 % one, and 8 % none. Three key themes emerged: (a) COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, (b) COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and (c) needs for quality maternal care. Participants who accepted vaccination trusted the vaccines and viewed healthcare providers' recommendations and government policies, such as the “vaccine pass,” positively. Hesitant participants cited safety concerns, past medical history, and incomplete vaccination as reasons for reluctance. Additionally, there was a need for enhanced information on the vaccine and supportive, individualized maternal care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight the importance of tailored educational interventions and supportive care that leverages trust in healthcare providers to promote COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women. There is a need to address information gaps and hesitancy among pregnant women related to their concerns regarding safety or past medical history. Future research should focus on strategies to ensure comprehensive care and information dissemination in this population in order to increase vaccination rates during pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 126835"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143231191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza vaccination for children in Europe: The health of every child matters","authors":"Helena C. Maltezou ,&nbsp;Gregory A. Poland ,&nbsp;Raul Ortiz de Lejarazu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 126675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinoic acid-adjuvanted vaccine induces antigen-specific secretory IgA in the gut of newborn piglets","authors":"Gitte Erbs ,&nbsp;Jeanne Toft Jakobsen ,&nbsp;Signe Tandrup Schmidt ,&nbsp;Dennis Christensen ,&nbsp;Mick Bailey ,&nbsp;Gregers Jungersen","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mucosal secretory IgA (SIgA) produced by subepithelial plasma cells in the lamina propria is the major antigen-specific defense mechanism against mucosal infections. We investigated if a retinoic acid (RA)-containing adjuvant in parenteral immunization, can induce vaccine-specific SIgA in the jejunal lumen in a dose-dependent manner in neonatal pigs immunized with a <em>Chlamydia</em> hybrid antigen. To accurately quantify SIgA responses in mucosal secretions, an antigen-specific ELISA method with secondary detection of porcine secretory component rather than IgA was developed. RA facilitated a stronger (or faster) IgG, IgA, IgM and SIgA response in serum after primary immunization, and a more than 10-fold significantly increased level of vaccine-specific SIgA in jejunum at termination 2 weeks after the secondary boost, whereas IgA or SIgA responses in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were not significantly increased after immunization with RA. Analyses of different isotype responses to vaccination and different sampling sites, revealed significant correlations between IgG and IgA responses in serum, and between IgG in serum and jejunum, while IgA in jejunum was neither correlated with IgA in serum nor with IgG in jejunum. This is indicative of IgG in jejunum being primarily a transudate from serum, while IgA is not. Jejunum SIgA correlated significantly with jejunum IgA and with both serum SIgA and IgA. Our results thus support the use of SC-specific reagents for mucosal SIgA responses, although IgA reagents to a lesser extent also reflects local antibodies. Although the IgA and SIgA levels in BAL were not significantly different with or without RA, we observed a significant correlation of vaccine-specific SIgA in jejunum and BAL, indicating a level of commonality in the regulation of mucosal antibodies in gut and respiratory system. In conclusion, an adjuvant with high concentration of RA was shown to increase the local intestinal mucosal antibody response after parenteral immunization in pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 126672"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historic smallpox vaccination and Mpox cross-reactive immunity: Evidence from healthcare workers with childhood and adulthood exposures","authors":"Sonja C. Galetti ,&nbsp;Adva Gadoth ,&nbsp;Megan Halbrook ,&nbsp;Nicole H. Tobin ,&nbsp;Kathie G. Ferbas ,&nbsp;Anne W. Rimoin ,&nbsp;Grace M. Aldrovandi","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, human mpox has made multiple resurges, prompting public health professionals to consider factors that lead to the increased risk for the reemergence of other orthopoxviruses. Due to the genetic similarity between orthopoxviruses, vaccinia vaccines used to prevent smallpox transmission are also indicated and have been used for mpox infection prevention and control. In this study, cross-reactive immunity for mpox was observed among individuals with self-reported history of smallpox vaccination. Differences in mean antigen response among individuals vaccinated in childhood and adulthood versus individuals vaccinated in childhood only were also observed, supporting the hypothesis that childhood smallpox vaccination may not be sufficient in providing long-lasting protection against multiple orthopoxviruses. These results provide insight on the durability of mpox immunogenic proteins and can be used to inform future studies to assess the benefits of reestablishing vaccinia vaccines as standard recommended immunizations, particularly where orthopoxviruses, such as mpox, are endemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 126661"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}