Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Antigens activated SOCS3+CD200R+CD4+ T cells are critical to Leishmania pathogenesis and a distinctive target for vaccine development” [Vaccine 62 (2025) 127501]","authors":"Abhishek Singh , Baishakhi Mahapatra , Ankita Srivastava , Samer Singh , Pradeep Das , Rakesh K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127546","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phase 3 randomized, double-blind clinical study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of V116 when administered concomitantly with influenza vaccine in adults 50 years of age or older","authors":"Tosin Omole ,&nbsp;Aaron S. Weinberg ,&nbsp;Masoud Azizad ,&nbsp;David Greenberg ,&nbsp;Carlos G. Grijalva ,&nbsp;Walter A. Orenstein ,&nbsp;Danielle Euler ,&nbsp;Doreen Fernsler ,&nbsp;Jun Park ,&nbsp;Jianing Li ,&nbsp;Heather L. Platt ,&nbsp;for the STRIDE-5 study group","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Disease caused by <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in adults. V116 is an approved 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine with a serotype composition designed to address the majority of residual pneumococcal disease in adults. This phase 3 study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of V116 when administered concomitantly with quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 1080 healthy adults ≥ 50 years of age were randomized 1:1 to receive QIV and V116 concomitantly (<em>n</em> = 540) or QIV followed by V116 30 days later (n = 540). Immunogenicity was evaluated at 30 days postvaccination using opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) geometric mean titers (GMTs) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) for V116, and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) GMTs for QIV. For V116, the statistical criterion for noninferiority between groups required the lower bound of the 2-sided 95 % confidence interval of the OPA GMT ratio (concomitant/sequential groups) to be &gt; 0.5. For QIV, the statistical criterion for noninferiority required the lower bound of the 2-sided 95 % CI of the HAI GMT ratio (concomitant/sequential groups) to be &gt;0.67. Safety was evaluated by the proportion of participants with adverse events (AEs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The concomitant group met the primary noninferiority immunogenicity endpoints for 20 of 21 serotypes in V116 and for 3 of 4 influenza strains in QIV; noninferiority criteria were narrowly missed for serotype 23B and influenza H3N2. IgG GMCs at 30 days postvaccination were generally comparable between groups for all V116 serotypes. The proportions of participants with injection-site, systemic, vaccine-related, and serious AEs were generally comparable between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In adults ≥ 50 years of age, V116 is well tolerated and immunogenic when given concomitantly with QIV. Study results support use of V116 with QIV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shingles vaccination in Medicare Part D and commercial enrollees after the inflation reduction act","authors":"Emily Tang ,&nbsp;Benjamin F. Arnold ,&nbsp;Nisha R. Acharya","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of the 2022 United States Inflation Reduction Act policy on the recombinant zoster vaccine uptake in Medicare Part D enrollees remains unclear after cost-sharing was eliminated for vaccines recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. We implemented a difference-in-difference linear model with individuals aged 50 years and older from November 2021 to December 2024 from the Optum Labs Data Warehouse, a de-identified claims database, to compare the uptake in commercial and Medicare Part D enrollees following the policy change. Additionally, out-of-pocket costs were summarized.</div><div>Eliminating cost-sharing significantly increased recombinant zoster vaccine uptake among Medicare Part D beneficiaries. The estimated increase in vaccinations attributable to the policy change was 26.3 per 10,000 Medicare Part D enrollees (95 % CI: 11.2–41.4). The median out-of-pocket cost was $45.00 before and $0 after the policy change. Vaccine coverage remains insufficient, highlighting the need for targeted strategies to improve vaccination rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic disparities in COVID-19 and RSV vaccine uptake among California adults ≥60 years old who received influenza vaccination","authors":"Kyle R. Rizzo,&nbsp;Cynthia Jean Yen,&nbsp;Joshua Quint,&nbsp;Cora Hoover,&nbsp;Robert Schechter","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In 2023, adults ≥60 years old were eligible to receive updated influenza and COVID-19 vaccines along with newly available respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines. Vaccine acceptance for influenza is typically high among this age cohort. We assessed COVID-19 and RSV vaccine uptake among influenza vaccine recipients to identify sociodemographic disparities among California adults ≥60 years old who did not receive all three vaccinations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a cross-sectional design to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 and RSV vaccination among California adults ≥60 years old with an influenza vaccination reported to the California Immunization Registry during 08/01/2023–06/30/2024. We used log binomial regression to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 %CI) that measured associations between recipient sociodemographic characteristics and receipt of all three vaccines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 4,471,042 adults included in this study, 901,815 (20 %) received all three vaccinations during 2023–2024. The prevalence for receiving COVID-19 and RSV vaccines among Latino adults residing in the lowest resource communities was 80 % less (PR: 0.20, 95 %CI: 0.19, 0.20) than among white adults residing in the highest resource communities when the vaccination status of the comparison group was limited to influenza only vaccine recipients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We identified concerning disparities in the uptake of COVID-19 and RSV vaccines among older adults during the 2023–2024 respiratory virus season in California. Provider awareness of these disparities may help improve vaccine uptake among older adult populations when patients seek their seasonal influenza vaccinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of spontaneous thought in the willingness to receive the human papillomavirus vaccine","authors":"Hideo Okuno ,&nbsp;Satoru Arai ,&nbsp;Motoi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Toshiko Kikkawa","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After briefly suspending the 2-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in 2013, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW) reinstated the recommendation that people receive the newly approved and updated 9-valent HPV vaccine in 2022. We investigated the influence of anticipated regret (AR) and spontaneous thought on individuals' willingness to receive the HPV vaccine, as the 2013 controversy over the HPV vaccine's side effects could lead to public distrust, impeding vaccination coverage despite government-funded initiatives. Using a Japanese-speaking online panel, we conducted a randomized controlled study based on a 3 (Intervention 1, questionnaire for AR: AR for inaction [ARI] vs. AR for action [ARA] vs. without AR) × 2 (Intervention 2, spontaneous thought: task with spontaneous thought vs. distraction) factorial design. Those assigned to the ARI scenario in Intervention 1 were given messages highlighting AR for HPV infection if they did not receive the vaccine, whereas those assigned to the ARA scenario were given messages emphasizing AR for the vaccine's side effects if they were vaccinated; participants assigned to the without AR group were given messages being not emphasizing any AR. In Intervention 2, participants assigned to the spontaneous thought group had 3 min to write freely their opinions about the HPV vaccine. In contrast, those assigned to the distraction group were asked to think about the HPV vaccine. After Intervention 2, we assessed the effects using several questionnaires. Among the 2140 participants, those in the ARI and those in the spontaneous thought groups expressed that female children would be highly willing to get vaccinated. However, no significant main effect of spontaneous thought on male children's willingness to get vaccinated was found; participants in the ARI and spontaneous thought conditions expressed the highest degree of willingness. In summary, spontaneous thought can mitigate the negative impacts of AR in a purely experiential setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127469"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024–2025 BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in non-immunocompromised adults: mid-season estimates from vaccine registries in two states linked to administrative claims","authors":"Kathleen M. Andersen ,&nbsp;Tara Ahi ,&nbsp;Jazmine S. Mateus ,&nbsp;Tiange Yu ,&nbsp;Anan Zhou ,&nbsp;Santiago M.C. Lopez ,&nbsp;Laura Puzniak","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Data are limited on 2024–2025 BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study among non-immunocompromised adults from August 22, 2024 (“index”) to December 31, 2024, among residents of California or Louisiana continuously enrolled in health insurance plans reporting to HealthVerity for ≥1 year prior to index. Receipt of 2024–2025 BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine was defined using state vaccine registries with health insurance claims, using a time-varying exposure definition. VE against COVID-19-associated hospital admissions was estimated as (1-hazard ratio), using adjusted Cox proportional hazards models with 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 6,900,361 individuals met selection criteria for the study. By the end of follow-up (median 4.4 months), 325,362 (4.7 %) had received a BNT162b2 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccine dose. VE against COVID-19-associated hospital admission was 41 % (95 % CI 2–64).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The 2024–2025 formulation of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine provided significant protection, particularly for older adults, in mid-season estimates.</div><div>This study is registered on <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> as NCT06923137.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Microarray Patch for Vaccination (MAPVac) scale to measure the perceptions of safety, usability, and acceptability","authors":"Matthew N. Berger ,&nbsp;Erin Mathieu ,&nbsp;Yu Sun Bin ,&nbsp;Cristyn Davies ,&nbsp;Josh Harmer-Ross ,&nbsp;Ramon Z. Shaban ,&nbsp;Shopna Bag ,&nbsp;S. Rachel Skinner","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Vaccination is a crucial element of public and population health. Microarray patches (MAPs) may improve vaccine uptake due to reduced pain, being needle-free, enhanced thermostability, and potential for self or lay administration. We aimed to validate a scale that measures perceptions of MAP vaccine safety, usability, and acceptability in adults aged 18+.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study followed the three phases of scale development and validation. Phase 1 comprised a literature review and key stakeholder cognitive interviews (<em>n</em> = 10) to identify potential and additional scale items. Experts (<em>n</em> = 14) scored the draft scale for face and content validity. In phase 2 further cognitive interviews (<em>n</em> = 27) and exploratory factor analyses determined content validity, informing the addition, adjustment, or deletion of draft items. In phase 3 reliability testing was undertaken by administering two online surveys at least two weeks apart to determine the consistency of participant scores across time and to examine internal consistency.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A draft 32-item scale was developed and assessed by experts and key stakeholder cognitive interviews. The final ‘MAPVac’ scale consisted of 20 items. A total of 206 participants from the general public completed online surveys across Australia and New Zealand (<em>n</em> = 92, 44.7 %), Canada (<em>n</em> = 87, 42.2 %), and the United Kingdom (<em>n</em> = 27, 13.1 %). A four-factor model was determined by exploratory factor analysis, which encompassed general positive attitude questions around MAP vaccination achieving its desired outcome, MAP delivery, self and lay administration, and side effects including perceived discomfort. The MAPVac scale demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90) and considerable repeatability, with all scale items demonstrating moderate positive correlations at both administrations (Spearman's <em>r</em> = 0.40–0.61).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The MAPVac scale is a reliable and valid approach to assessing MAP vaccines' social and behavioural aspects. This scale may assist vaccination programs in developing effective strategies for integrating MAPs and overcoming barriers to vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of T cell immune memory response after BBIBP-CorV, gam-COVID-Vac, and heterologous gam-COVID-Vac /mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccination schemes against different SARS-CoV-2 variants","authors":"Matías J. Pereson ,&nbsp;María Noel Badano ,&nbsp;Florencia Sabbione ,&nbsp;Irene Keitelman ,&nbsp;Natalia Aloisi ,&nbsp;Susana Fink ,&nbsp;Lucas Amaya ,&nbsp;Gabriel H. Garcia ,&nbsp;Alfredo P. Martínez ,&nbsp;Federico A. Di Lello ,&nbsp;Patricia Baré","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The adaptive immune response plays a crucial role in resolution of viral infections; however, there is limited data on the T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines such as BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, and especially for the heterologous combination Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 scheme. Furthermore, emerging variants may compromise the adaptive immune response established in the population.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the T cell immune response induced by the BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac and Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273, against the ancestral wild type (WT) virus and the Gamma and Omicron variants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Serum levels of IgG antibodies were assessed by CMIA (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, Illinois). T cell responses against WT virus, Gamma and Omicron were evaluated through an activation-induced marker assay. Sixty individuals, evenly distributed across the BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, and Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 groups, were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of participants was 48 years (IQR: 34–56), with 58.3 % (<em>n</em> = 35) being female. Seventeen (28.3 %) individuals had a prior confirmed COVID-19 infection. Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 scheme elicited significantly higher humoral responses (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). However, the three vaccination platforms showed consistent T cell responses across the three stimuli tested. Particularly, all three schemes induced stronger CD8⁺ responses against the WT virus. In addition, more responders to WT were observed in the BBIBP-CorV and Gam-COVID-Vac groups, while the Gam-COVID-Vac/mRNA-1273 group showed a greater proportion of responders to Omicron.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides new data on effective humoral and cellular immune responses against the ancestral WT virus as well as the Gamma and Omicron variants. Moreover, memory CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell responses remain protective, and the heterologous scheme may elicit stronger T cell responses against emerging variants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV2, comparing previously infected individuals who received one vaccine dose to uninfected individuals after three vaccine doses: A case-control study","authors":"Esther Saiag ,&nbsp;Roy Shalit ,&nbsp;Yifat Alcalay ,&nbsp;Ilanit Hasday ,&nbsp;Sigalit Yakubov ,&nbsp;Natlia T. Freund ,&nbsp;David Hagin","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last 5 years, the world has been facing the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. While vaccination is a leading strategy to control virus spread, it demonstrated an ability to push the virus to evolve and generate vaccine-escape variants. Nevertheless, the official policy in Israel and around the world is vaccination, even in cases of previous SARS-CoV2 infection. Many studies were published regarding vaccination protocols and antibody responses. However, data concerning the differences in humoral and cellular immune response between convalescent individuals who received a single vaccine dose, and SARS-CoV2 naïve vaccinated individuals, are still sparse.</div><div>In this study we evaluated the humoral and cellular immune response of healthy convalescent individuals who received a single vaccine dose, and compared it with uninfected individuals who received three BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine doses. Humoral immune response was evaluated by testing the ability of donor samples to bind or inhibit the binding of different SARS-CoV2 variants Spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain (RBD) to ACE2. Cellular immunity was tested using flow cytometry to evaluate cytokine production in response to different SARS-CoV2 peptide mixes, including the Wuhan wild-type (WT) Spike glycoprotein (<em>S</em>)-peptide mix, Omicron-specific S-peptide mix and the Membrane (M) protein peptide mix.</div><div>We show that the ability of convalescent, single-dose vaccinated, donors to bind RBD or inhibit ACE2:RBD interaction was comparable to that of 3-dose vaccinated-only donors, independent of the variant tested. In contrast, when testing cellular response, convalescent individuals showed increased IFNγ staining following WT-S peptide mix stimulation (average of 988.4 ± 687.1 vs 590.2 ± 397.1, <em>p</em> = 0.022 responding IFNγ⁺ cells per 10⁶ CD4⁺ cells), and even more enhanced response to M-protein peptide mix (average of 2291 ± 4074.2 vs 239 ± 485.85, <em>p</em> = 0.023 responding IFNγ⁺ cells per 10⁶ CD4⁺ cells).</div><div>This research may provide information for future development of more effective vaccines and vaccination strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127525"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination with a novel live attenuated strain of Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis protects cynomolgus macaques against aerosol F. tularensis infection","authors":"Karen L. Elkins ,&nbsp;Lara R. Mittereder ,&nbsp;Roberto De Pascalis ,&nbsp;Allen W. Singer ,&nbsp;Jennafer Moore ,&nbsp;Cheryl Nevins ,&nbsp;Jarrett Lockard ,&nbsp;Rick Tuttle ,&nbsp;Anders Sjostedt ,&nbsp;J. Wayne Conlan ,&nbsp;H. Carl Gelhaus","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Licensed vaccines against <em>Francisella tularensis</em>, a public health threat in some parts of the world and a potential bioterrorism agent, are lacking in Western countries. Existing tularemia vaccine candidates have not been promising in protecting against the most serious respiratory form of tularemia infection. Previous studies identified a novel live attenuated vaccine candidate, <em>F. tularensis</em> subsp. <em>tularensis ΔclpB</em>, that protected rodents against aerosol challenge with the most virulent biotype of <em>Francisella</em>. Characterization demonstrated that <em>ΔclpB</em> is amenable to modern manufacturing. Here, we evaluated further <em>ΔclpB</em>'s protective capacities in Fischer 344 rats and in cynomolgus macaques. Results demonstrated that rats immunized intradermally with <em>ΔclpB</em> survived aerosol <em>F. tularensis</em> challenge with up to 100 median lethal doses administered one year after vaccination, accompanied by reduced clinical signs of infection as well as reduced histopathology and bacterial burdens in lungs and spleens. Moreover, intradermal <em>ΔclpB</em> vaccination protected macaques against at least 500 MLD of aerosol <em>F. tularensis</em> challenge administered one and three months after vaccination; vaccination ameliorated symptoms, bacterial burdens, and tissue pathology when tested one year after vaccination. Given the low incidence of tularemia in nature, these studies therefore lay the foundation for additional animal-based evaluations of efficacy and future safety evaluation of <em>ΔclpB</em> by clinical studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 127523"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}