Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"The AFRO-MoVE network: COVID-19 vaccine research in Africa","authors":"Celine Gurry, Charles Okot, Anthony Nardone, Kalu Akpaka, Jason M. Mwenda, Benido Impouma","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 128370"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147446708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0264-410X(26)00306-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0264-410X(26)00306-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 128498"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148020564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Sustained superior humoral immune responses of mRNA vaccines compared to Sputnik V viral vector COVID-19 vaccines in naïve and convalescent populations” [Vaccine 70 (2026) 128018]","authors":"Anass Abbad , Brian Lerman , Jordan Ehrenhaus , Diego Sebastian Ojeda , Charles Gleason , Gagandeep Singh , Zain Khalil , Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche , Komal Srivastava , Ana Fernandez-Sesma , Andrea Gamarnik , Viviana Simon , Florian Krammer","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 128333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with mortality among patients aged 12 years and above requiring hospitalization for severe respiratory illness (SRI): Findings from the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness evaluation in Kenya and Mali, 2022–2023","authors":"Brian O. Onyando,&nbsp;Bryan O. Nyawanda,&nbsp;Daniel Onguru,&nbsp;Fadima C. Haidara,&nbsp;Collins Okello,&nbsp;Raphael O. Anyango,&nbsp;Ian K. Orege,&nbsp;Sidney Ogolla,&nbsp;Billy Ogwel,&nbsp;Alex O. Awuor,&nbsp;Samuel Kadivane,&nbsp;Philip Ngere,&nbsp;Carolyne Nasimiyu,&nbsp;Eric Osoro,&nbsp;M. Kariuki Njenga,&nbsp;Victor Akelo,&nbsp;Amos Otedo,&nbsp;Shirley Lidechi,&nbsp;John B. Ochieng,&nbsp;Nancy A. Otieno,&nbsp;Samba O. Sow","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mortality attributed to respiratory illnesses is well characterized in children &lt;5 years. However, there is paucity of data among older populations. Here, we leveraged data from the COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Evaluation to establish the factors associated with mortality among patients with severe respiratory illness (SRI) in Kenya and Mali.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled patients (≥ 12 years) requiring hospitalization for SRI, defined as acute onset (≤ 14 days) of at least two of the following: cough, fever (reported/measured temperature of ≥38 °C), chills, rigors, myalgia, headache, sore throat, fatigue, congestion or runny nose, loss of taste or smell, or pneumonia diagnosis, from referral hospitals in Kenya and Mali. We collected demographic, clinical characteristics of the patients, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens for SARS-CoV-2 testing using RT-PCR. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality among patients with SRI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between July 2022 and October 2023 9947 SRI patients were enrolled, of whom 9743 were included in this analysis and 1620 (16.6 %) died (Kenya: 1533/7822 [20.0 %]; Mali: 87/1921 [4.5 %]). Compared to patients aged 12–24 years, those aged &gt;64 years were more likely to die (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 2.36; 95 % Confidence Interval [95 % CI] 1.72–3.24). Patients who were in coma (aOR = 3.45; 95 %CI 2.27–5.24) or Intensive Care Unit (aOR = 2.98; 95 %CI 2.06–4.31), or had HIV infection (aOR = 2.47; 95 %CI 2.11–2.90), liver disease (aOR = 2.42; 95 %CI 1.57–3.74), cancer (aOR = 2.09; 95 %CI 1.46–2.99) or SARS-CoV-2 infected (aOR = 1.24; 95 %CI 1.02–1.52) were at increased risk of death. Additionally, diarrhea, malaise/fatigue, difficulty in breathing, confusion, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support, malnutrition and admission to High Dependency Unit had significant associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Mortality was heightened among SRI patients who were older, required critical care, had chronic conditions and infected with SARS-CoV-2 suggesting need for early identification of these conditions to improve possible treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 126910"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and enablers to establishing COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies in the World Health Organization Africa region: A mixed-methods evaluation of the African region monitoring vaccine effectiveness (AFRO-MoVE) network","authors":"Adam W. Crawley,&nbsp;Katherine Murphy,&nbsp;Ian D. Plumb,&nbsp;Grace Adjoa Ocansey,&nbsp;Isaac Baffoe-Nyarko,&nbsp;Norman Nyazema,&nbsp;Sibongile Walaza,&nbsp;Eva Leidman","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The African Region Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness network (AFRO-MoVE) was established by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa in March 2021 to support implementation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness studies in the region.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Primary goals of the evaluation were to assess how AFRO-MoVE addressed its objectives supporting regional vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies, to describe challenges and opportunities, and make recommendations to strengthen future efforts related to regional VE research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From September 2023 through June 2024, a mixed-methods approach was employed to synthesize information from: (1) documentation provided by AFRO-MoVE; (2) a standardized study review tool; (3) an electronic stakeholder survey; and (4) a series of key informant interviews. Data were collected and exported via REDCap and summarized using Microsoft Excel. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Perceived challenges were summarized together with perceived support by the network in addressing each challenge.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AFRO-MoVE provided support to ten VE studies, including support for protocol development, study implementation, data management, and analysis, while also facilitating knowledge exchange and experience sharing among study implementers. While respondents reported strengthened capacity for VE studies at the national and regional levels in these areas, enrollment of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases was challenging, due to a decline in reported cases in network countries in mid-2022, when many studies were launched. These challenges contributed to a lack of published VE estimates from network study sites in time to inform vaccine policy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AFRO-MoVE technical assistance and financial support was viewed positively by network members and contributed to increased capacity for conducting VE studies in the region. Publication of study results would further bolster the impact of the network. These finding underscore opportunities to enhance capacity for rapid VE generation and support preparedness for future pandemics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 126823"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An observational, cohort, multi-centre, open label phase IV extension study comparing IPV immune responses to preschool dTaP-IPV booster vaccines in children whose mothers received or did not receive an IPV-containing pertussis vaccine during pregnancy in England","authors":"Kajal Radia ,&nbsp;Shari Sapuan ,&nbsp;Nicholas Grassly ,&nbsp;Nick Andrews ,&nbsp;Mary Ramsay ,&nbsp;Vanessa Saliba ,&nbsp;Laura Stephens ,&nbsp;Javier Martin ,&nbsp;Christine Jones ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Miller ,&nbsp;Paul T. Heath","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated polio combination vaccine (dTaP-IPV) was offered as part of the UK antenatal vaccination programme from 2012 to July 2024. Prior research established that infants of mothers who received a dTaP-IPV vaccine in pregnancy have significantly reduced poliovirus-specific neutralising antibodies after their primary immunisation series compared with infants of non-dTaP-IPV vaccinated mothers. We investigated whether sufficient poliovirus-specific neutralising antibody titres are achieved in these children following the pre-school dTaP-IPV booster vaccine. Poliovirus-specific neutralising antibody titres were measured, via a microneutralisation assay, prior to and following receipt of the pre-school booster vaccine in blood samples taken during an observational, cohort, multi-centre, open label phase IV extension study.</div><div>Prior to the pre-school boost, children of mothers who received dTaP-IPV vaccines in pregnancy had lower geometric mean titres (GMT) of antibodies than children of unvaccinated mothers (4.3 vs 54.7, <em>p</em> = 0.0001). However, following administration of the pre-school booster all children, regardless of maternal vaccination status achieved protective antibody titres (≥ 8), although children of vaccinated mothers still had lower GMTs (988 vs 2964, <em>p</em> = 0.009).</div><div>Administration of the preschool booster overcomes the polio virus immunity gap that develops following the primary vaccination series in children whose mothers received an antenatal dTaP-IPV vaccine versus unvaccinated mothers. Residual differences in post-booster titres warrant continued surveillance to assess their clinical relevance. Clinical trials registry:<span><span>NCT03578120</span><svg><path></path></svg></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128306"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use cases for pan-sarbecovirus vaccines: a workshop report","authors":"Emily A. Smith ,&nbsp;Melissa Malhame ,&nbsp;Stefano Malvolti ,&nbsp;Gerald Voss ,&nbsp;Saket Thaker ,&nbsp;Angela K. Ulrich ,&nbsp;Julia T. Ostrowsky ,&nbsp;Derek F. Fleming ,&nbsp;Nadia Cohen ,&nbsp;Michael T. Osterholm ,&nbsp;Eve M. Lackritz","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, a global consensus arose on the need for a vaccine capable of protecting the human population from both known and unknown coronavirus threats. In April 2024, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) hosted a workshop to establish use cases for broadly protective coronavirus vaccines, using a pan-sarbecovirus vaccine candidate for prevention of SARS-CoV-X as an example. Workshop participants discussed implementation strategies and ideal product characteristics of pan-sarbecovirus vaccines that could be readily deployed within 100 days of SARS-CoV-X emergence. Here, we summarize the outputs from the workshop, which include the established use cases, as well as key considerations for research and development of pan-sarbecovirus vaccine candidates with characteristics to meet global needs. These use cases will be used to guide future investments and advance pandemic preparedness in line with CEPI’s mission to develop safe, effective, globally accessible vaccines in as little as 100 days.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uptake of HPV vaccination and associated factors in France: a nationwide study from 2007 to 2023","authors":"Lucas Dufour ,&nbsp;Jérôme Drouin ,&nbsp;Rosemary Dray-Spira ,&nbsp;Stéphane Le Vu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although HPV vaccination coverage has remained low in France, information on barriers to vaccination is incomplete. This nationwide study aimed to assess HPV vaccination uptake and associated factors alongside the evolving recommendations since its implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the French National Health Data System (SNDS), all individuals aged 10–29 years were included. Annual HPV vaccination uptake between 2007 and 2023 was assessed by age group and sex. Associations between individuals' socio-demographic, healthcare use and access and medical characteristics with HPV vaccination were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Among 27.9 million (M) individuals included, 5.9M received HPV vaccination: 3.4M (2.7M females/0.7M males) aged 10–14, 2.2M (1.9M/0.3M) aged 15–19, and 0.28M (240,000/40,000) aged 20–29. Annual vaccination uptake consistently increased since 2012, reaching up to 17.1% and 15.7% of 10–14-year-old females and males in 2023. Across all age and sex groups, socioeconomic disadvantage was associated with lower odds of vaccination (adjusted odds ratios ranging from 0.45 to 0.84 for complementary health insurance allowance beneficiaries, and from 0.55 to 0.73 for those living in the most deprived quintile of municipalities), and these disparities widened over time among females aged 10–19. While probability of HPV vaccination increased with the number of contacts with the primary healthcare system, Down syndrome, diabetes and mental health disorders were associated with decreased odds of HPV vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Until 2023, disadvantaged young people, those with limited access to healthcare or suffering from chronic illnesses, benefited less from HPV vaccination than those more privileged.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128308"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumococcal carriage and serotype distribution in Portuguese children six months after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions: rise in serotype 3 amid stable non-vaccine serotypes","authors":"Sónia T. Almeida ,&nbsp;A. Cristina Paulo ,&nbsp;Alexandra S. Simões ,&nbsp;Sara Handem ,&nbsp;Bárbara Ferreira ,&nbsp;Mariana F. Caleiro ,&nbsp;Susana Morais ,&nbsp;António-Brito Avô ,&nbsp;Hermínia de Lencastre ,&nbsp;Raquel Sá-Leão","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em> remains a major cause of infectious disease globally, with young children serving as key reservoirs for transmission. This study evaluated pneumococcal carriage and serotype distribution among young children in Portugal, six months after the lifting of COVID-19 public health measures and seven years after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into the National Immunization Plan.</div><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted in late 2022 among children aged 18 months to 6 years attending day-care centers in an urban region. Saliva samples, vaccination records, and demographic/clinical data were collected. Pneumococcal carriage was determined by qPCR targeting <em>lytA</em> and <em>piaB</em> genes. Molecular serotyping of 65 serotypes/serogroups was performed. New primers/probes were designed and validated for serotypes/serogroups 5, 7A/F, 9A/V, 9N/L, 17F and 33A/F/37, expanding the range of serotypes that could be reliably identified.</div><div>Among 584 children, 34.9% were pneumococcal carriers. Carriage of PCV13 serotypes was low, except for serotypes 3 (7.8%) and 19F (5.4%). Among non-PCV13 serotypes, 23A (10.8%), 15B/C (10.3%), 23B (9.8%), and 11A/D (9.3%) were the most frequent. Theoretical coverage of PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20 was 17.6%, 23.0%, and 46.1%, respectively. Children 4–6 years were nearly 15 times more likely to carry PCV13 serotypes than those aged 18–24 months (<em>p</em> = 0.012).</div><div>Six months post-COVID-19 restrictions lifting, serotype distribution largely resembled the pre-pandemic period. Although saliva sampling had lower sensitivity than nasopharyngeal swabbing for estimating overall pneumococcal carriage prevalence, it was particularly useful to assess serotype distribution. Importantly, in a context where nasopharyngeal swabbing was met with reluctance, saliva sampling emerged as a practical, effective, and non-invasive alternative for pneumococcal serotype carriage surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring rural-urban disparities in HPV vaccine initiation: new insights from the 2022 national health interview survey","authors":"Jason Semprini ,&nbsp;Heather Brandt","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.128334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers continue rising in rural America, identifying contributors to rural-urban gaps in HPV vaccination could inform public health priorities and targeted interventions. Analyzing nationally representative data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), we evaluated rural-urban differences in HPV vaccination among individuals aged 9–29 years (all of whom were recommended to receive the HPV vaccine during adolescence since 2006). Generalized structural equation models adjusted for complex survey design, sociodemographic factors, and other vaccine utilization. Even after adjusting for other vaccine utilization, rural participants were 5.4%-points (CI = −9.7, −1.0) less likely to receive the HPV vaccine than urban participants. Rural-urban disparities in HPV vaccination varied by healthcare access barriers and geography, with the largest gap found in participants who were privately insured. Our work suggests that rural-urban disparities in HPV vaccination are driven by factors distinct from those associated with other vaccines and healthcare access.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 128334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}