2015-2024年6个月- 17岁儿童未接种流感疫苗的父母原因及其随时间变化

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127415

Katherine E. Kahn , Tammy A. Santibanez , Anurag Jain , Tianyi Zhou , Carla L. Black

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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解父母不让孩子接种流感疫苗的原因以及原因如何随着时间的推移而变化，可以帮助免疫规划和提供者制定干预措施，以增加儿童接种流感疫苗。本研究的目的是估计2015-2024年期间，6个月至17岁的儿童中，父母报告未接种流感疫苗（或“未接种疫苗”）的选定原因的百分比，评估每种未接种疫苗原因的报告是否有所增加或减少，特别是在COVID-19大流行之前与之后，以及未接种疫苗的原因是否因社会人口统计学特征而异。方法分析2015-16、2016-17、2019-20、2022-23和2023-24季节美国国家免疫调查-流感（NIS-Flu）家长报告的数据。计算未接种流感疫苗的儿童的百分比，其父母报告了未接种流感疫苗的每种原因，总体而言，按州和按社会人口统计学特征。使用t检验对每个未接种疫苗的原因进行了社会人口学特征与季节之间的关联检验。结果在所有研究季节中，不接种流感疫苗最常见的原因是：认为孩子不太可能因流感而病得很重，担心副作用/安全性，以及认为流感疫苗效果不太好（2023-24年分别为48.2%、43.3%和37.0%）。自COVID-19大流行以来，认为自己的孩子不太可能因流感病得很重的父母报告比未接种疫苗的其他原因增加得更多。在研究的所有季节中，很少有报告与访问相关的原因。不接种疫苗的原因因州和人口特征而异。结论自2019冠状病毒病大流行以来，人们对流感的担忧有所减少。提供强有力的流感疫苗接种建议，包括有关疫苗安全性和流感严重性的信息，可有助于提高儿童流感疫苗接种覆盖率。

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Parental reasons for non-receipt of influenza vaccination among children 6 months–17 years and changes over time, 2015–2024

Background

Understanding parental reasons for not having their child receive an influenza vaccination and how reasons have changed over time can help immunization programs and providers tailor interventions to increase uptake of influenza vaccine among children. The objectives of this study were to estimate the percentage of children 6 months–17 years with a parent who reported selected reasons for non-receipt of influenza vaccination (or “non-vaccination”) during 2015–2024, assess whether there has been an increase or decrease in the reporting of each reason for non-vaccination, particularly pre versus post COVID-19 pandemic, and if reasons for non-vaccination differ by sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods

National Immunization Survey-Flu (NIS-Flu) parentally reported data for the 2015–16, 2016–17, 2019–20, 2022–23, and 2023–24 seasons were analyzed. Percentages of children not vaccinated against influenza whose parent reported each reason for non-vaccination, overall, by state, and by sociodemographic characteristics were calculated. Tests of association between sociodemographic characteristics and across seasons were conducted for each reason for non-vaccination using t-tests.

Results

The most commonly reported reasons for non-receipt of influenza vaccination across all seasons studied were: belief their child is unlikely to get very sick from influenza, concern about side effects/safety, and belief influenza vaccines do not work very well (48.2 %, 43.3 %, and 37.0 %, respectively, in 2023–24). Parental reporting of thinking their child is unlikely to get very sick from influenza increased more than other reasons for non-vaccination since the COVID-19 pandemic. Across all seasons studied, very few reported access-related reasons. Reasons for non-vaccination varied by state and by demographic characteristics.

Conclusions

This study suggests that concern about influenza has decreased since the COVID-19 pandemic. A strong provider recommendation for influenza vaccination, including information about the safety of the vaccine and seriousness of influenza, could help increase influenza vaccination coverage among children.

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

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