Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Comparative molecular, innate, and adaptive impacts of chemically diverse STING agonists","authors":"Nobuyo Mizuno,&nbsp;Dylan Boehm,&nbsp;Kevin Jimenez-Perez,&nbsp;Jinu Abraham,&nbsp;Laura Springgay,&nbsp;Ian Rose,&nbsp;Victor R. DeFilippis","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmacologic activation of the innate immune response is being actively being pursued for numerous clinical purposes including enhancement of vaccine potency and potentiation of anti-cancer immunotherapy. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) represent especially useful targets for these efforts as their engagement by agonists can trigger signaling pathways that associate with phenotypes desirable for specific immune outcomes. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an ER-resident PRR reactive to cyclic dinucleotides such as those synthesized endogenously in response to cytosolic dsDNA. STING activation leads to transient generation of type I interferon (IFN-I) and proinflammatory responses that augment immunologically relevant effects including antiviral responses, antigen presentation, immune cell trafficking, and immunogenic cell death. In recent years engineered cyclic dinucleotides and small molecules have been discovered that induce STING and confer clinically useful outcomes in animal models such as adjuvanticity of anti-microbial vaccines and tumor clearance. Unfortunately, clinical trials examining the efficacy of STING agonists have thus far failed to satisfactorily recapitulate the positive outcomes seen preclinically and this has prevented their clinical advancement. A likely relevant yet perplexingly under investigated aspect of pharmacologic STING activation is the diversity of molecular and immune responses that associate with chemical properties of the agonist. Based on this, a comparative survey of these was undertaken using unrelated STING-activating molecules to characterize the molecular, innate, cellular, and immune outcomes they elicit. This was done to inform and direct future studies aimed at designing and selecting agonists appropriate for desired clinical goals. This revealed demonstrable differences between the agonists in potency, transcriptomes, cytokine secretion profiles, immune cell trafficking, and antigen-directed humoral and cell mediated immune responses. As such, this work illustrates that phenotypes deriving from activation of a protein target can be linked to chemical properties of the engaging agonist and thus heightened scrutiny is necessary when selecting molecules to generate specific <em>in vivo</em> effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127389"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of multivalent SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle vaccine candidates","authors":"Urban Bezeljak ,&nbsp;Alexander Jerman ,&nbsp;Tina Kobal ,&nbsp;Elfi Birsa ,&nbsp;Martina Lokar Kosmač ,&nbsp;Rok Žiberna ,&nbsp;Krista Lokar ,&nbsp;Nika Janež ,&nbsp;Sanda Ravlić ,&nbsp;Beata Halassy ,&nbsp;Marko Kolenc ,&nbsp;Tina Triglav ,&nbsp;Urška Draksler ,&nbsp;Simon Horvat ,&nbsp;Matjaž Peterka","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The novel betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019, causing the global health threat of COVID-19. Over the past years, it has infected over 700 million people worldwide, resulting in 7 million deaths. Clearly, a potent and safe vaccine that guarantees long-lasting protection against novel virus strains is desperately needed to curb and eliminate the pandemic. Here, we present the development and scalable purification of an advanced coronavirus-like particle (CoVLP) vaccine candidates derived from SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. Highly pure and concentrated particles were produced from insect cell culture through sequential chromatography purification, employing hydrophobic and ion exchange monolithic columns. This strategy enables reliable scalability for production, supporting both preclinical and future clinical trials. The purified nanoparticles closely mimic coronavirus morphology and molecular composition, as determined by transmission electron microscopy. CoVLPs induced robust multivalent neutralizing immunity in mice against native SARS-CoV-2 in combination with squalene-based emulsion adjuvant. The isolated multivalent CoVLPs, covering a broad spectrum of viral antigens, represent a promising next-generation COVID-19 vaccine candidate, particularly considering the increasing threat of vaccine-evading mutations and waning immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low and inequitable influenza and COVID-19 vaccination coverage among pregnant women in Norway: Nationwide population-based cohort study","authors":"Bo T. Hansen ,&nbsp;Jesper Dahl ,&nbsp;Margrethe Greve-Isdahl ,&nbsp;Brita A. Winje ,&nbsp;Kjersti Margrethe Rydland ,&nbsp;Suzanne Campbell ,&nbsp;Aase S.D. Pay ,&nbsp;Trond M. Michelsen ,&nbsp;Hinta Meijerink","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Many countries recommend vaccination against influenza and COVID-19 during pregnancy, but surveillance of coverage is often lacking. We aim to quantify nationwide coverage of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy in Norway and identify its sociodemographic correlates.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We combined nationwide individual-level registry data on childbirth, vaccinations and sociodemographic factors for all pregnancies in Norway between 1 September 2021 and 31 December 2022. We estimated maternal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination coverage and its correlates among women whose only indication for vaccination was pregnancy, i.e., during the second and third trimester.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 52,833 women eligible for influenza vaccination during pregnancy in the 2021/2022 influenza season, 27.7 % (<em>n</em> = 14,646) received the influenza vaccine. Similarly, among 50,108 women eligible for COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy in the study period, 31.8 % (<em>n</em> = 15,951) received the COVID-19 vaccine. Coverage estimates were lower among mothers with immigrant background, low education, low income, low maternal age, multiple children, those living rurally and those outside the workforce. The lowest coverage was observed among immigrant women (14.5 % for influenza, 16.0 % for COVID-19 vaccination), with corresponding relative risks (RR) compared to native Norwegian women of 0.44 (95 % CI: 0.42, 0.46) and 0.41 (95 % CI: 0.39, 0.43). The highest coverage was observed among women with the highest education (38.2 % for influenza, 43.6 % for COVID-19), with corresponding RRs compared to women with the lowest education of 2.47 (95 % CI: 2.33, 2.62) and 2.36 (95 % CI: 2.24, 2.49).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The coverage of maternal vaccination against influenza and COVID-19 is insufficient. Additionally, there is high and consistent inequity in uptake. Timely and comprehensive surveillance of maternal vaccination programs should be prioritized to ensure that program performance can be adequately assessed and improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127386"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of recombinant neuraminidase with cHA-based inactivated split vaccines improves the breadth of cross-reactivity and protection against influenza viruses in mice","authors":"Eduard Puente-Massaguer ,&nbsp;Kirill Vasilev ,&nbsp;Florian Krammer","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current seasonal influenza virus vaccines are inefficient at inducing protective immune responses against drifted seasonal or emerging pandemic influenza viruses. A strategy to elicit more broadly cross-protective immune responses is to target conserved epitopes of the influenza virus, and the neuraminidase (NA) glycoprotein and the stalk domain of the hemagglutinin (HA) have become prime vaccine candidates. Sequential immunization with chimeric HA (cHA) antigens in which the immunodominant HA head domain has been replaced by HA head domains of exotic subtypes is able to re-focus the immune response to the HA stalk. Similarly, vaccination with recombinant NA (rNA) protein induces robust anti-NA responses. In this study, we show that sequential immunization with group 2 chimeric HA (cHA) inactivated split vaccines in combination with rN2 NA protein (rNA-N2-MPP) elicits superior immune responses and protection against a heterologous influenza virus in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The presenting HLA determines fidelity of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitope prediction","authors":"Charles R. Schutt ,&nbsp;Deren Birol ,&nbsp;Xiuyuan Lu ,&nbsp;Sho Yamasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple studies used prediction methods to identify candidate peptides to be included in prospective vaccines. While subsequent studies identified epitopes from convalescent and vaccinated subjects, few studies have compared the predicted to identified epitopes. Here we used three methods to predict SARS-CoV-2 spike protein helper T cell epitopes and compared the results to experimentally determined peptide binding as well as published epitopes. The correspondence between the predicted and experimental binding results and published epitopes depended more on the HLA being investigated than the prediction method used. Lastly, these observations were used to predict peptides which bind to the most HLAs. These peptides were previously identified and predicted to maintain HLA binding in the current variants of interest. This study highlights which prediction methods and conditions lead to the most reliable prediction results which would be of great interest for improving the design of future vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I'm not aware of anyone having died from chickenpox?”: Acceptability of varicella vaccination in the UK, a mixed methods questionnaire and interview study","authors":"Zoe Jordan ,&nbsp;Marion Roderick ,&nbsp;Robin Marlow ,&nbsp;Emma Rowland","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Chickenpox (varicella) contributes to a large number of hospitalisations in the United Kingdom (UK) where vaccination is not routine, and can result in serious complications. The varicella vaccine was recommended for inclusion in the UK routine immunisation schedule by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) in November 2023. A systematic review identified no previous qualitative studies investigating UK parents' views regarding chickenpox and vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore parents' views of chickenpox and varicella vaccination, and identify barriers and facilitators to this and other childhood vaccinations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Underpinned by sequential mixed-methodology a quantitative cross-sectional online survey (<em>n</em> = 609), distributed via nurseries and social media, and qualitative semi-structured interviews (<em>n</em> = 12) with a sub-sample of survey respondents. Descriptive statistical analysis was undertaken on quantitative data. Qualitative data were interpreted by reflexive thematic analysis, according to the EQUATOR network standards for reporting qualitative research. Findings were analysed separately, and integrated equally using a triangulation protocol for validation or repudiation.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Integration demonstrated parents perceived chickenpox as a common, typically mild, childhood illness. Parents held few concerns, with most worries focussing on severe infection risk, and impact on time off school or work. Most would accept routine varicella vaccination, though had concerns about duration of immunity. Many questioned necessity of vaccination, and whether natural immunity was superior. Non-vaccinating parents hold distinct concerns relating to safety, vaccine contents, and their synthetic nature.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and Conclusion</h3><div>Whilst most parents are accepting of vaccination, they hold specific concerns related to varicella vaccination which may result in sub-optimal uptake for critical herd immunity. To achieve this it will be crucial to raise awareness of the potential risks of chickenpox, and address concerns identified. Many parents seek reliable vaccine information from healthcare professionals, and so appropriate education and training should be considered, including communicating risks and benefits of vaccination, which may be beneficial antenatally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127322"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria vaccine implementation in Nigeria: Addressing the coverage challenges within the national immunization program for high impact","authors":"Ibrahim Adebayo Hassan ,&nbsp;Jeremiah Babatunde Araoye ,&nbsp;Dimeji Abdulsobur Olawuyi ,&nbsp;Fortune Benjamin Effiong","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The malaria vaccines, RTS,S/AS01 and R21/Matrix-M, bring fresh hope to curbing malaria mortality globally, especially among children below age five who are most susceptible. Nigeria carries the heaviest burden of malaria globally, accounting for 38.4 % of under-five malaria mortality and the highest number (7.2 million) of at-risk newborns in 2023. Rightly, the country has moved to introduce the R21 vaccine by 2025, with plans to integrate the vaccine rollout into the existing National Program on Immunization (NPI). However, there are serious concerns with achieving a high-impact malaria vaccine implementation in Nigeria, given the current average performance and challenges of the NPI in providing effective immunization coverage for children. Nigeria has a high prevalence of unimmunized and under-immunized children. Also, barriers to effective immunization coverage, on both the demand and supply sides, are rife in the country. This commentary broadly discusses the prospects of the malaria vaccine implementation in Nigeria amidst the immunization coverage challenges. It draws from review-level evidence to propose four priority areas for improvement within the NPI to achieve a high-impact implementation—i.e., Reach Maximization, Social Mobilization, Program Management, and Progress Monitoring—in line with global immunization strategy frameworks. Evidence-based strategies to influence these domains in the Nigerian context are emphasized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of T-cell epitopes of the intracellular parasite Babesia bovis by immunopeptidomic analysis of BoLA-II presented peptides","authors":"Magalí Nicole Valenzano ,&nbsp;Robert Parker ,&nbsp;Annalisa Nicastri ,&nbsp;Beatriz Valentini ,&nbsp;María José Gravisaco ,&nbsp;Ximena Ferrara Muñiz ,&nbsp;María Emilia Eirin ,&nbsp;Valeria Noely Montenegro ,&nbsp;Morten Nielsen ,&nbsp;Nicola Ternette ,&nbsp;Silvina Elizabeth Wilkowsky","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunity to the bovine parasite <em>Babesia bovis</em> requires both innate and adaptive mechanisms that include macrophages, CD4+ T cells and neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, the development of new vaccines that replace the use of attenuated strains should include antigens and delivery systems targeting both arms of the immune response. Bioinformatic pipelines for the prediction of B-cell epitopes have been widely used by many research groups. However, despite intensive efforts, only a limited number of T-cell epitopes have been identified so far for <em>B. bovis</em>. Here, we report for the first time the characterization of the <em>B. bovis</em> BoLA II immunopeptidome derived from bovine macrophages pulsed with infected erythrocytes. This parasite-bovine host cell interaction model allowed the identification of 28 previously uncharacterized naturally presented BoLA II peptides of the parasite. <em>In vitro</em> validation of a subset of peptides resulted in the identification of a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase derived T-cell epitope that induced the release of IFN-γ from CD4+ lymphocytes from <em>B. bovis</em> infected animals. Altogether these results demonstrate the discovery of new potential candidate antigens for a <em>B. bovis</em> recombinant vaccine. This peptide dataset could also be used to enrich bioinformatic algorithms for future predictions involving other infectious diseases of cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are the key features of an equitable global vaccine strategy for the next pandemic? A qualitative study of pandemic control experts","authors":"Ayodamope Fawole ,&nbsp;Beth Boyer ,&nbsp;Minahil Shahid ,&nbsp;Ipchita Bharali ,&nbsp;David McAdams ,&nbsp;Gavin Yamey","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127377","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant weaknesses in global health multilateralism, particularly in its failure to achieve fair and equitable global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. Soon after vaccines were available, huge inequities in vaccination rates between populations in the global north and the global south became apparent. This study explores why multilateralism fell so short during the pandemic and identifies the steps that must be taken now to ensure global vaccine equity in the next pandemic.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We conducted in-depth interviews with 20 expert key informants (KIs) worldwide from May 2023 to January 2024, comprising 16 individual interviews and two group interviews (each group interview had two KIs). The experts included representatives of academia, multilateral health and development agencies, civil society organizations, non-governmental organizations, think tanks, and the pharmaceutical industry. We used a qualitative study design to explore the perspectives, experiences, and insights of global health experts. We used purposive sampling to select participants based on their experience and knowledge of pandemic vaccines and pandemic preparedness. We continued conducting interviews until we had reached theoretical saturation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Five key themes emerged on why multilateralism fell short when it came to global COVID-19 vaccine distribution. Prioritization of national interests—so-called “vaccine nationalism”—was a barrier to sharing doses. COVAX, the global vaccine sharing mechanism, lacked incentives for high-income and upper-middle-income nations to participate or compulsory mechanisms to make them do so, undercutting its ability to serve as an equitable distribution platform. COVAX also left out important constituents from the decision-making process&lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; Rich countries benefitted from having stronger market power in the global economy due to their established, long-term relationships with the pharmaceutical companies. Inadequate vaccine supply fed into inequitable distribution. Five key themes emerged on ways to avert global vaccine inequity in the next pandemic. Promoting regional self-sufficiency in research and development and vaccine manufacturing is crucial. Building manufacturing capacity cannot be deferred until the next pandemic—it must begin now. International collective action will still be important, especially technology transfer agreements between large companies in the global north and partners in the global south as well as south-south partnerships. Public funding for pandemic vaccine development should include conditionalities that support global access. Finally, new kinds of intellectual property agreements are essential in preparing for the next pandemic.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Interpretation&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Vaccine nationalism—combined with vaccine supply constraints, the dominance of manufacturing by countries ","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons for excluding adverse events in cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccines: A survey amongst authors","authors":"Jeroen Luyten ,&nbsp;Albert Jan van Hoek","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although vaccines must adhere to the strictest safety standards in medicine, adverse events (AE) do occur occasionally. Even when clinically negligeable, these AE can still have health-economic implications, affecting the cost-effectiveness of vaccines. A review revealed that only 25 % of recent health-economic studies on childhood vaccines incorporated AE. In this study, we reached out to all corresponding authors of the reviewed articles who excluded AE to understand their rationale for exclusion (response rate 40 % (27/67)). The predominant reasons for not including AE were (1) that these were deemed too rare and insufficiently relevant (17/27, 65 %), (2) analysts adhered to previous methodologies that excluded AE (10/27, 35 %) and (3) there was a lack of sufficient data (9/27, 33 %). We argue that AE deserve more attention from analysts and that more efforts are needed to develop conceptual methods and collect data that enable meaningful incorporation in CEAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23491,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 127341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}