Pan African Journal of Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"In-Vitro Effects of Ricinus Communis Seed Kernel Extract On Some Antioxidant And Hydrolytic Enzymes In Nymph And Adult Zonocerus Variegatus (Grasshopper)","authors":"G. Adeleke, Adedosu Ot, R. O. Adeyi, J. Fatoki","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0130)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0130)","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many plants have been identified for their insecticidal properties as alternatives to synthetic ones, which are toxic to untargeted organisms and environment. Ricinus communis (Castor) has been re-ported to exhibit insecticidal properties against insect pests. Zonocerus variegatus (Grasshopper) is a notable pest of several crops, and has been linked with great economic losses to farmers. The present study investigates the in-vitro toxicity of R. communis seed kernel extract (RCSKE) on the activities of selected antioxidant and hydrolytic enzymes in nymph and adult Zonocerus variegatus (Grasshopper), using cypermethrin (CYPER-M) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) as standard conventional pesticides.\u0000Methods: Seed kernel of Ricinus communis (Castor) was subjected to acidified aqueous extraction to obtain the extract (RCSKE). Crude enzyme preparations were obtained from nymph and adult Z. variegatus grass-hoppers. The in-vitro effects of different concentrations (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105μg/ml) each of RCSKE, CYPER-M and CPF on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carboxylesterase (CES) in crude enzyme preparations were estimated spectrophotometrically. The level of statistical significance was 0.05.\u0000Results: The RCSKE significantly reduced the in-vitro SOD activity (p < 0.05) in nymph Z. variegatus at all the concentrations, whereas both CYPER-M and CPF significantly reduced the activity only at certain concentrations. The CAT activity in the nymph was significantly decreased by RCSKE and CPF at all the concentrations, but CYPER-M decreased it only at certain concentrations. In adult Z. variegatus, SOD activity was not significantly affected (p > 0.05), while CAT activity was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by the three agents at all the concentrations. The AChE and CES activities in the nymph were significantly reduced by RCSKE, CYPER-M and CPF at all the concentrations. The RCSKE and CPF significantly increased the CES activity, while CYPER-M caused a significant decrease in the activity in adult Z. variegatus.\u0000Conclusion: The seed kernel extract of Ricinus communis is an effective pesticidal agent and hence, it could be a source of biopesticide alternative with greater potential than cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos. In addition, the antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase enzymes in the nymphs of Z. variegatus grasshoppers are more susceptible to the effect of the extract than in the adult grasshoppers.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133117706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative Roles of Exogenous Testosterone on Nitrite Damaged Testes and Sperm Parameters","authors":"W. O. Akintunde, Kehinde T. Adenowo, K. A. Ojo, A. Abdulfatai","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0150)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0150)","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nitrate (NO3) is a common food additive used as a colour fixation and preservative in meats and fish. Human dietary exposure to NO2 is mostly through the inter-conversion of NO3 from vegetables, cured meat products, fresh meat, fish, dairy products, eggs and water intake. This experiment was designed to investigate to what extent exogenous testosterone (T) ameliorates the destructive effects of nitrite (NO2) on rats’ testes and sperm parameters.\u0000Methods: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats weighed between 100g – 111g was used for the experiment. Rats were divided into 7 groups, for each group n =5. Group A received distilled water, group B1 C1 and D1 received 0.04mg/kgbw, 0.06mg/kgbw and 0.08mg/kgbw of NO2 respectively in total volume of 1ml distilled water for 60 days. Groups B2, C2 and D2 also received 0.04mg/kgbw, 0.06mg/kgbw and 0.08mg/kgbw of NO2 respectively followed by intra-muscular injection of testosterone (Andriol Testocaps) at 5mg/kgbw, 7.5mg/kgbw and 10mg/kgbw respectively every other day for 3 weeks\u0000Results: The quality of testicular cells was implicated by oral administration of NO2; distorted or deformed seminiferous tubules with loss of germinal cells were evident. Meanwhile, the NO2/T -treated testes showed normal tubular structures with complete spermatogenesis except at high dose of 0.08mg which showed mild vacuolation and arrested spermatogenesis. Consequently, the sperm counts was reduced significantly (P>0.05) following increased NO2 concentrations. However, the sperm counts of NO2/T-treated testes were statistically increased (P< 0.05) at dose dependent manner. The number of motile sperms of the testes exposed to NO2 was decreased insignificantly, meanwhile, NO2/T-treated-testes were found to be increased insignificantly (P>0.05) .\u0000Conclusion: The reactive oxygen species triggered by NO2 generated testicular oxidative stress, spermato-genesis disruption and histological damages within the period of 60 days of ingestion. Meanwhile, these possible toxicological effects caused by NO2 could be effectively reversed using androgen hormone (testosterone) therapy within the period tested according to the present study.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122374292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-active Toxicity Effects of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Selected Organs in Male Mice","authors":"M. Ajadi, O. G. Ayelagbe, O. Akinloye","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0190)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0190)","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Decreased particle size and increased surface area to volume ratio are beneficial properties of nanoparticles. However, there are contrasting reports on their potential organotoxic effects. The dose de-pendent toxicity effects of iron III oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3NPs) on the biochemical indices and histology of select-ed organs of adult male mice were investigated.\u0000Methods: Fifty six male mice weighing between 25-32g were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=14), the control/group 1 was given the vehicle/distilled water, while animals in groups (2-4) received 5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50mg/kg body weights of Fe2O3NPs (INP) respectively by intraperitoneal route of administration for 14 days after which blood samples were drawn for biochemical analysis. Histopathology studies on the effect of graded doses of INP on the architecture of the liver, kidney and testes of mice were carried out.\u0000Results: There were significant increases in plasma sodium, creatinine, urea, chloride, albumin, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST) in the experimental animals after the 7th and 14th days of ad-ministration of graded doses of INP compared with the control group(p<0.05). These changes were dose-dependent. Photomicrographs showed morphological alterations including kupffer cells hyperplasia, hepatocyte necrosis, interstitial nephritis and eosinophilia of the renal tubular cells but only mild reduction in spermatid formation in testes at 25 and 50mg/kg dosage respectively.\u0000Conclusion: The Administration of INP brought about dose-dependent alterations in plasma markers of renal functions as well as hepatic enzymes activity. Deleterious morphological changes in architecture of the liver and kidney as well as mild changes in testes of mice were associated with INP administration","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132485931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Norovirus Infection among Children Under 5 Years of Age In Niger-Delta Zone, Nigeria","authors":"O. Osazuwa, R. Okojie, F. Akinbo","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0120)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0120)","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Norovirus is now recognized as a major cause of gastroenteritis among children worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Norovirus infection among children that are less than five years of age in Niger-Delta zone, Nigeria.\u0000Methods: A total of 263 subjects consisted of 163 children with diarrhea attending Paediat-ric clinics at the Central Hospital, Warri and Federal Medical Center, Yenagoa as well as 100 aged- and sex-matched healthy individuals that served as controls were recruited for this study. Demographic information was obtained through the aid of a well-structured questionnaires. Norovirus was detected by using a rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic assay kit (Biopanda reagents, Belfast, United Kingdom).\u0000Results: The overall prevalence of Norovirus infection was 15.3%. The prevalence of Norovirus infection was significantly higher in Delta State than in Bayelsa State (22.9 % vs. 6.7%; OR= 3.6615; 95% CI = 1.378, 9.725; P=0.0092). Children that are less than 5 years of age attending day care centers are greatly affected by Norovirus infection (P=0.0044). Also, poor hand hygiene practice was also a significant risk factor for Norovirus infection among study subjects (P=0.0036). Furthermore, secretors were found to have a 1 to 334 fold increased risk of acquiring Norovirus infection in Delta State than in Bayelsa State (OR=19.28, 95% C.I, 1.1102, 334.68, P=0.0422).\u0000Conclusion: The need for routine screening for Norovirus infection among children with diarrhea is advocated. Data from this study as well suggests that genetic and environmental factors play a role in Norovirus infection.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116360117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity and Sedative Effect of Voacanga Africana Ethanolic Leaf Extract","authors":"A. Omotayo, Qudus A. Ojomo, S. Hassan, Mutolib Olatunbosun, M. Fakayode","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0160)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0160)","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Traditional plants have been good sources of alternatives for conventional drugs in recent years. The search for alternatives for conventional drugs becomes imperative most especially because of their high cost demand and side effects. The search for alternatives from traditional medicinal plants sources has been fruitful for many ailments and this has led to intense research on the potentials of many other plants that are used traditionally in different part of the world. This study assessed the sedative potentials of ethanol extract of Voacanga africana leaf (VAEE) as well as its toxicity.\u0000Methods: Toxicity of the Voacanga africana leaf was examined using Lorke’s method while its sedative activity was evaluated using phenobarbitone and ketamine-induced sleeping time models in mice. The doses used in this study were 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, administered intra-peritoneal.\u0000Results: Results revealed that the LD50 of VAEE was greater than 5 g/kg. Using phenobarbitone-induced sedation, the sleep latency was found to be dose dependent and significantly decreased at higher dose when compared with normal saline while the total sleeping time was found to be significantly in-creased (p<0.05) as dosage increases.\u0000Conclusion: The increase in total sleeping time using the two models showed that VAEE possesses marked sedative ability and can serve as a good alternative to conventional sedatives.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132944963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Nutritional Status of Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Cen-ters in Odo-Otin Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Adeogun, C. Adeoti","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0110)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/30(0110)","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Good nutrition is a prerequisite for the national development of countries and for the well-being of every individual. Although problems related to poor nutrition affect the entire population, women and children are especially vulnerable because of their physiological and socio-economic characteristic. Pregnancy places extra nutritional demands on women and this may affect the development of the foetus and its health later in life. The nutritional demands however does not necessarily translate to increase in the amount of food to be consumed but certain nutrients such as protein, iron, folate, zinc and iodine are required in higher proportions to prevent anaemia and abortion. The general objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of pregnant women aged 15-49 years that were attending antenatal care (ANC) at Primary Healthcare Centres, Odo-Otin Local Govern-ment Area, Osun State, Nigeria.\u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 400 pregnant women attending ANC at Primary Health Care Centres in Odo-Otin Local Government Area of Osun State over a period of four weeks. Their anthropometric and bio-chemical data were determined. Their bio-data and dietary investigation were obtained using a question-naire. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and P was drawn at 0.05.\u0000Results: One hundred and thirty two (33.3%) of the participants were malnourished with their mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) less than 23cm. Anaemia was found in 127(31.8%) of participants and of this proportion, civil servants were more commonly affected 54 (42.5%). Of the 90 participants that were civil servants, 46.5% were under-weight and they were the most malnourished while farmers had the least proportion (15.8%) of underweight participants (P=0.001). More than half (51.8%) of those who earned less than N10,000.00 were under-weight compared with 8.3% of those who earned more than N50,000.00 (P=0.001). One hundred and eight (94.7%) of those who skipped meals were under-weight compared to 6.3% of those who do not (P=0.001). Hence, 82.7% of those who skipped meals were anaemic as compared to17.3% of those who do not (P=0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition among pregnant women in Odo-Otin Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria was moderately low. However, it is worth noting that pregnant women who were Civil Servants were more malnourished .","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129785253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Prevalence of Malaria Infection in Rural and Urban Out-Patient Clinics in Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"T. S. Olusegun-Joseph, M. Oboh, Godwin O Ovioma, I. K. Fagbohun, U. Okorafor, Deborah D. Aina","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0140)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0140)","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nigeria is a country with diverse weather conditions supporting the substantial breeding of mosquitoes resulting in high malaria transmission. Mapping of malaria prevalence in areas with ongoing trans-mission is critical for effective distribution of control interventions. In this study, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in two different (rural and urban setting) endemic communities within a hypo-endemic state (Lagos) of Nigeria.\u0000Methodology: The study targeted patients visiting clinics in both Ijede and Gbagada General Hospital between September and November 2017. All patients visiting each of the two hospitals with febrile complaints were recruited into the survey. Blood samples collected were examined using the standard thick and thin films stained with Giemsa.\u0000Results: A total of 342 participants were screened out of which 108 (31.6%) were positive for P. falciparum by microscopy in both centers (Ijede centre 90 [43.9%]; Gbagada 18 [13.1%]). Children aged 1-10 years had the highest prevalence (43.6%) in both locations and this rate was significantly higher (P=0.001) in Ijede (63%) than in Gbagada (17%). There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in infection rate between male (31.9 %) and female (31.3%) participants in both sites.\u0000Conclusion: These findings give an overview of the “freedom of establishment” of malaria in an under-resourced area where all conditions serve as motivation for the breeding of malaria vectors. Distribution of control measures should strategically target rural areas where the burden of infection is high, and inhabitants of such areas have a disproportionate access to health care.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133692195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water Shortages and Drinking Water Quality in Rural Southwest Nigeria: Issues and Sustainable Solutions","authors":"S. Akinde, J. Olaitan, T. F. Ajani","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0150)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0150)","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria is a highly populated country in West Africa where less than half of the residents have access to safe potable water. Usually characterised by poor socioeconomic infrastructure, the rural people often carry the brunt of this menace. In this paper, we review existing publications and reports on water scarcity and access to potable water in southwestern Nigeria with the view of keeping the subject matter in perspective for policymakers and relevant government agencies and ministries to take urgent steps in ad-dressing the situation. The reported cases of high pathogenic microbial loads, detection of some heavy metals and physicochemical water parameters exceeding the WHO standard for drinking water quality was discussed. The results have serious public health implications. There is, therefore, a need for a paradigm shift from indiscriminate attitudes of water abuse for sustainable solutions to the water challenges.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124827776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus Isolated from Neonatal, Postnatal and Labour Wards in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"T. Egwuatu, A. Olalekan, Godwin O. Orkeh, T. Egwuatu, V. Rotimi, F. Ogunsola","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0110)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0110)","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Staphylococcus haemolyticus is an important etiological agent of hospital infections but its epidemiological significance has not been studied in our institution. We therefore determine the prevalence, colonization rates and source of hospital-acquired Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH) in Lagos, Nigeria.\u0000Methods: Axilla and umbilicus swab samples were collected from neonates (346), hand, nasal and axilla from health care workers (125), HVS from mothers (26) at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) and also samples from the environment (28). Using standard bacteriological methods, the samples were screened for S. haemolyticus. Possible person–to-person transmission was investigated by means of pulsed field gel electrophoresis.\u0000Results: Out of 525 samples collected, 112 (21.3%) were S. haemolyticus of which 17 (15.2%) were (MRSH). Neonates’ samples had 8 (15.0%) MRSH and 6 (30%) were Medical Doctors had their samples positive for MRSH. Also, 3 (11.1%) nurses’ samples were MRSH. None of the S. haemolyticus obtained from the mothers and the environment was MRSH. Pulsed field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) identified three main PFGE types (Type 1, 2 and 3) in the hospital. Type 1 and type 3 from babies in Neonatal unit. Type 2 and type 3 in babies from post-natal ward. Four doctors in the labour and neonatal wards had type 1 which was also recovered from a nurse on the labour ward.\u0000Conclusion: It appeared that the source of MRSH was from the hand and anterior nares of Healthcare workers in labour ward and Neonatal unit. This further highlights the need for proper infection con-trol practice in the institution, especially single use of gloves for patients’ management.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124656429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eimeria Species and Haemosporidia of Domestic Chickens and Guinea Fowls Sold at Selected Poultry Markets in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"Emmanuel Taiwo Idowu, Oluwayomi O. Adeyemi, tephen C. Ezenwanne, O. Otubanjo, M. Ajayi","doi":"10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0120)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/9102/20(0120)","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Parasitic diseases are a major setback to sustainable poultry production. This study determined the occurrence of Eimeria species and haemosporidia among domestic chickens and helmeted guinea fowls in live-bird markets in Lagos State, Nigeria.\u0000Methods: Blood samples and intestinal contents at three distinct segments of the gut were collected from 60 domestic chickens and guinea fowls each. Wet smears of intestinal contents were microscopically examined for oocysts typical of Eimeria species while thin films of blood were Giemsa-stained for the demonstration of protozoa.\u0000Results: Results revealed that 19(31.7%) and 21(35%) chickens and guinea fowls w er e positive for Eimeria spp. infection respectively. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in Eimeria spp. infections between the chicken breeds nor between sexes of both birds. Oocysts of Eimeria were mostly recovered from the caeca and small intestines of the guinea fowls and chickens respectively. Domestic chickens were infected with three different haemoprotozoa: Plasmodium spp. (23.3%), Leucocytozoon spp. (6.7%) and Haemoproteus spp. (3.3%); while Plasmodium spp. (15%) and Haemoproteus spp. (3.3%) were the only blood protozoa infecting guinea fowls. The infection rates of haemosporidia between the breeds of chickens and the sexes of both birds did not differ significantly (P>0.05).\u0000Conclusion: Eimeria parasites and haemosporidia are prevalent among chickens and guinea fowls sold in Lagos State. To prevent severe economic losses in the future, appropriate control measures should be designed and implemented.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123504263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}