{"title":"Evaluation of the Management of Urachal Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience over 13 Years.","authors":"Hengxin Chen, Menghai Wu, Minfeng Chen","doi":"10.1159/000539760","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urachal carcinoma is characterized by high malignancy, poor prognosis, and late stage of diagnosis. There is a lack of unanimous clinical treatment guidelines. We summarize the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of urachal carcinoma from our center, hoping to provide a reference for diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 21 patients with urachal carcinoma who were treated at our center from January 2010 to August 2022, and all patients were followed up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average survival time was 67.1 ± 9.1 (ranging from 49.3 to 84.9) months. The average relapse-free survival was 48.8 ± 9.9 (ranging from 29.5 to 68.2) months. Six patients received adjuvant therapy, mainly chemotherapy. Five patients died during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early physical examination may be helpful for early detection of urachal carcinoma. Surgical treatment is still preferred for localized urachal carcinoma. Lymph node dissection may facilitate accurate staging, and positive margin usually results in a worse prognosis. Adjuvant therapy, mainly chemotherapy, may help improve the prognosis. The application of radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy still needs further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Murat Akgül, Ridvan Özcan, Cenk Yazıcı, Cem Başataç, Oktay Özman, Duygu Sıddıkoğlu, Önder Çınar, Hakan Çakır, Mehmet Fatih Şahin, Eyüp Burak Sancak, Barbaros Başekioğlu, Burak Elmaağaç, Bülent Önal, Haluk Akpınar
{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in Elderly Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Study by the RIRSearch Group.","authors":"Murat Akgül, Ridvan Özcan, Cenk Yazıcı, Cem Başataç, Oktay Özman, Duygu Sıddıkoğlu, Önder Çınar, Hakan Çakır, Mehmet Fatih Şahin, Eyüp Burak Sancak, Barbaros Başekioğlu, Burak Elmaağaç, Bülent Önal, Haluk Akpınar","doi":"10.1159/000540073","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in elderly patients by comparing them with propensity score-matched age-groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent RIRS to treat upper urinary tract stone disease at seven centers were included in the study and were divided into four groups. The age intervals of the patients in group 1, group 2, group 3, and group 4 were 18-29 years old, 30-49 years old, 50-64 years old, and over 65 years old, respectively. Propensity score matching analysis was used to homogenize the groups in terms of demographic and clinical properties. Operative results, preoperative complications, perioperative complications, postoperative complications, duration of hospitalization time, and stone-free status were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,017 patients were included in the study. There were 69 (9.9%) patients in group 1, 324 (46.5%) in group 2, 217 (31.1%) in group 3, and 87 (12.5%) in group 4 after propensity score matching. The operation time and postoperative complication rates were significantly different among groups, whereas the hospitalization time, perioperative complication rates, and stone-free status were similar. The operation time was significantly higher in patients over 65 years old (p = 0.001). The postoperative complication rates were significantly higher in group 1 with Clavien I-II complication predominance (p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The efficacy and safety of RIRS did not change with aging, and RIRS was an effective option for the treatment of upper urinary system stones in elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksander Kielbik, Timo Hoffmans, Bastian Amend, Arnulf Stenzl, Moritz Maas, Steffen Rausch, Stephan Kruck, Igor Tsaur, Stefan Aufderklamm
{"title":"Ex vivo Study of Partial Bladder Resection in a Porcine Model.","authors":"Aleksander Kielbik, Timo Hoffmans, Bastian Amend, Arnulf Stenzl, Moritz Maas, Steffen Rausch, Stephan Kruck, Igor Tsaur, Stefan Aufderklamm","doi":"10.1159/000539836","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Partial cystectomy aims to preserve bladder function, yet its urodynamic impacts remain unclear. We investigate these effects using an ex vivo porcine model, evaluating bladder volume, compliance, and wall thickness, alongside with thermal damage after bi- and monopolar resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within an artificial human pelvis, we conducted partial bladder wall resections (5 cm2, 10 cm2). Urodynamic tests and sonography assessed volume, compliance, and thickness changes. Traction force for catheter retrieval and thermal collagen destruction were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bladder compliance decreased by 1.12 and 1.5 after 5 cm2 and 10 cm2 resections, respectively, with volume reductions of 3-6% and 10-18%. Wall thickness decreased by 20% and 30% post-resection. Comparable thermal damage was observed with mono- and bipolar resection methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study outlines urodynamic impacts and technical considerations of partial cystectomy, affirming its endoscopic feasibility while highlighting potential bladder dysfunction risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting Acupuncture Efficacy in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A Study on Model Development and Result Visualization.","authors":"Lili Zhu, Sixing Liu, Jiufei Fang, Shuai Gao, Yuanjie Sun, Zhishun Liu","doi":"10.1159/000539856","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acupuncture is one of primary treatment options for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), but its efficacy varies among patients. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the efficacy of acupuncture in CP/CPPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 220 patients with CP/CPPS who received acupuncture. Patients were divided into a responder group and nonresponder group based on the reduction in the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Potential variables were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and a nomogram was established using the multivariable logistic regression model. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two Hundred Twenty men were randomly assigned to the training cohort (n = 154) and the internal test cohort (n = 66). The developed nomogram included age, current drinking status, sedentary lifestyle, habit of staying up late, expectations for acupuncture, comorbidities, NIH-CPSI pain subscale and total scores. The area under the curve of the prediction model was 0.777 (95% CI: 0.702-0.851) in the training cohort, 0.752 (95% CI: 0.616-0.888) in the internal test cohort, demonstrating satisfactory discriminative ability as indicated by the calibration curve.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nomogram accurately identified CP/CPPS patients who would benefit from acupuncture. Factors such as youth, abstention from alcohol, avoiding sedentary habits and staying up late, having high expectations for acupuncture, being free from comorbidities, and baseline high scores on both the NIH-CPSI pain subscale and total scores may positively affect the efficacy of acupuncture. Further validation of our findings requires multicenter and large-sample prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ernesto Reggio, Glauco Adrieno Westphal, Natalia Silva Zahdi, José de Bessa, Cristiano Mendes Gomes, Eduardo Mazzucchi, William Carlos Nahas
{"title":"Obstructive Urosepsis: Is It Possible to Personalize the Ureteral Endoscopic Treatment?","authors":"Ernesto Reggio, Glauco Adrieno Westphal, Natalia Silva Zahdi, José de Bessa, Cristiano Mendes Gomes, Eduardo Mazzucchi, William Carlos Nahas","doi":"10.1159/000539890","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary tract infection involves mortality rate when combined with ureteral obstruction. Lithotripsy has been contraindicated; however, it has been shown to be safe in selected situations. No specific criteria have been widely accepted to indicate which patients are suitable for definitive treatment. The objective of this study was to identify prognostic factors associated with poor outcome but also those patients whose definitive treatment can be performed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational cohort study from a prospectively maintained database of septic patients defined by the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA). Univariate analysis was used to compare prognostic factors with Δ-SOFA score <2 (group 1) and those with a Δ-SOFA ≥2 (group 2) obtained on day 3 and on admission. Different combinations of neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets were tested as prognostic factors. Time to decompression calculated from the CT scan report to the end of surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 229 patients were enrolled during 11 years. Two patients died. Time from CT scan to urinary tract decompression was higher in the Δ-SOFA≥2 (p = 0.04). Thrombocytopenia and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with Δ-SOFA≥2. Stones were disintegrated in 33.48% in group 1 and 48.84% in group 2. Platelet count and time to decompression were associated with a worse prognosis (p = 0.0008 and 0.0017). On receiver operator curve analysis, platelets count <105,056 and time to decompression >4.72 hours were linked to poorer outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Personalized treatment, based on accessible biomarkers, can be achieved in most patients. Early surgical decompression was associated with better prognosis and definitive treatment can be performed in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Hypothesis for Anatomical Pathways of Chronic Pelvic Pain of \"Unknown Origin\".","authors":"Peter Petros, John Papadimitriou, Jacob Bornstein","doi":"10.1159/000539647","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a disabling bladder condition. ESSIC, the IC/BPS society defines two types of IC/BPS: with Hunner's lesion (HL) and without. Pathogenesis is stated as unknown, with no cure possible. Scheffler in 2021 reported cystoscopically validated cure of HL IC/BPS by repair of uterosacral ligaments (USLs) and in 2022, Goeschen reported non-HL IC/BPS cure in 198 women following USL repair. Both Scheffler and Goeschen hypothesized IC/BPS may be a phenotype of the Integral Theory's Posterior Fornix Syndrome \"PFS\" (chronic pelvic pain, OAB, and emptying dysfunctions) and therefore potentially curable.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The hypothesis explores whether visceral plexuses (VPs), due to weakened USLs support, serve as a primary source of pelvic pain impulses, leading to development of an inflammatory condition - for example, IC/BPS, a chronic inflammatory condition, which shares similarities with vulvodynia and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). According to our hypothesis, such conditions involve axon reflexes. Stimuli such as gravity applied to unsupported nerve branches within the visceral pelvic plexus, trigger centrally propagating impulses, which then progress antidromally to influence innervated tissues through cytokine release and nociceptor stimulation, perpetuating inflammatory processes at the end organs, and pain perception.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The hypothesis raises the question, \"are IC/BPS, vulvodynia, other pain sites, even nonbacterial \"chronic prostatitis\" in the male, different phenotypes of the chronic pelvic pain syndrome which includes PFS. If so, the hypothesis opens several new research directions and would predict inflammatory findings in tender end organ pain sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guanghua Peng, Jin Kuang, Yijian Chen, Xin Huang, Leming Song, Xiaolin Deng
{"title":"Flexible ureteroscopy with a tip-flexible pressure-controlling ureteral access sheath for renal stones in children.","authors":"Guanghua Peng, Jin Kuang, Yijian Chen, Xin Huang, Leming Song, Xiaolin Deng","doi":"10.1159/000539311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000539311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy using a tip-flexible pressure-controlling ureteral access sheath (TFPC-UAS) for renal stones in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients aged 5-18 years with renal stones of diameter 1-3 cm were enrolled between January 2022 and November 2023 at Ganzhou People's Hospital. The patients were treated with flexible ureteroscopy using the TFPC-UAS. The renal pelvic pressure (RPP) parameters were set as follows: control value at -10 mmHg to 5 mmHg, warning value at 20 mmHg, and limit value at 30 mmHg. The infusion flow rate was set to 100-120 mL/min. A holmium laser (276 μm) was used to fragment the stone at 2.0-2.5 J/pulse with a frequency of 20-30 pulses/s. The cases were analyzed for RPP, operative time, stone-free rate, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21 consecutive patients were included. Two patients were switched to percutaneous nephrolithotomy owing to sheath placement failure. The RPP was -4.6±2.1 mmHg. The mean operative time was 56.5±17.1 min. The postoperative hospitalization time was 1.5±0.3 days. The stone-free rates at 1 day and 1 month after surgery were 81.0% and 85.7%, respectively. Residual stones in two patients were cleared after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Three cases of Clavien I complications and one case of Clavien II complications occurred. No major complications (Clavien grade III-V) were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Flexible ureteroscopy with a TFPC-UAS is safe and effective for renal stones in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140959610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Neutral Alpha-Glucosidase on Semen Parameters.","authors":"Han Zhang, Xiao-Pu Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000539218","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the activity of neutral α-glucosidase in seminal plasma and semen quality and to explore the effect of secretory capability of the epididymis on male fertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 542 men treated in the Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility from February to December 2022, the semen parameters and neutral α-glucosidase were tested and compared among different groups. These 542 men included normozoospermia, oligospermia, asthenospermia, and teratozoospermia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was statistical difference in neutral alpha-glucosidase (NAG) level among different groups with different sperm concentration, motility, and morphology (p < 0.001). The NAG activity in seminal plasma was positively correlated with ejaculate volume and sperm concentration; meanwhile, a very weak positive correlation was found between NAG level and sperm motility, sperm morphology, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicated that the secretion of NAG affected the volume, concentration, motility, and morphology of sperm to a certain extent. Given that NAG is a specific and marker enzyme in epididymis, where is the site of sperm maturation, we can conclude that there is a close relationship between NAG and sperm quality. Therefore, seminal plasma NAG has a definite clinical value in helping diagnosis of male infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Staghorn Caliceal Hem-o-Lok Stone: a long-term complication of robotic partial nephrectomy: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Francesco Dibitetto, Pierluigi Russo, Filippo Marino, Mauro Ragonese, Domenico Nigro, Nazario Foschi","doi":"10.1159/000536090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000536090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hem-o-Lok clips (HOLCs) are a useful tool in mini-invasive surgery, especially for renal surgery. However, in rare cases, they could migrate into the collecting system and be calculogenic. We present a case of a 53 years old man with an incidental CT finding of a left staghorn caliceal stone increasing its size in the last 2 years. He had a medical history of ipsilateral robotic partial nephrectomy (RAPN) at another institution 8 years before and a previous renal colic with spontaneous stone elimination about 20 years before. The stone was located in the upper calyx. He underwent a flexible ureteroscopy. After an initial fragmentation, a Hem-o-lok was reported, partially wedged into the renal parenchyma. After removing the HOLC with a basket, a small urinary leak was observed and managed with a JJ stent placement. In the postoperative period, the patient had a fever managed with antibiotics and was discharged on the 4th postoperative day without problems. HOLC migration into the collecting system is a rare complication following robotic and laparoscopic renal surgery. HOLC could act as a nidus for stone formation. Avoiding too much tension during renal sutures using HOLC could reduce the possibility of migration. Simple knotting in particular conditions is a valuable option. However, this kind of stone can be managed endoscopically without complaints, minding the possibility that HOLC could be partially wedged into renal parenchyma leading to a urinary leak. With the widening indications for RAPN this kind of complication could be more frequent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the Effect of Pre-Biopsy Rectal Cleaning Together with Biopsy Needle Disinfection to Each Technique Alone on Hospitalization Rates because of Post-Biopsy Infections.","authors":"Coşkun Bostancı, Salih Bürlukkara","doi":"10.1159/000535033","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To compare the effects of three techniques: biopsy needle disinfection with 10% formalin solution, povidone-iodine rectal cleaning, and the use of both methods to decrease hospitalization due to infectious complications after transrectal prostate biopsy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 827 patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 patient data were analyzed retrospectively, while patients of groups 2 and 3 were followed up prospectively. Group 1 included 361 patients who underwent biopsy needle disinfection with a 10% formalin solution. Group 2 included 235 patients who underwent biopsy needle disinfection and povidone-iodine rectal cleaning. Group 3 included 231 patients who underwent povidone-iodine rectal cleaning only. The outcome scale was the number of patients hospitalized for biopsy-related infection 30 days after the date of transrectal prostate biopsy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The hospitalization rates due to biopsy-related infectious complications were 3.0%, 0%, and 1.7% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The only statistically significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biopsy needle disinfection and rectal cleaning with povidone-iodine seem to have greater potential to reduce infectious complications when applied together. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}