Urologia Internationalis最新文献

{"title":"Mirabegron Add-On Tamsulosin for Men with Overactive Bladder Symptoms: A Pooled Analysis of Four Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Yonglu Wu, Guanjun Li, Haimin Zhou, Aiming Wu, Guobin Tan, Shuitong Huang, Guangming Chen, Xianxi Chen, Zhiqin Li","doi":"10.1159/000536110","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Overactive bladder symptoms (OABSs) affect patients' quality of life (QOL) worldwide. This pooled analysis compared the efficacy and safety of mirabegron add-on tamsulosin with those of tamsulosin add-on placebo in OABS treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy of mirabegron add-on therapy to tamsulosin in the treatment of OABS. Moreover, references from the selected studies were screened. Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four RCTs involving 1,397 patients with OABS were selected. Of the total, 697 patients receiving mirabegron add-on tamsulosin constituted the experimental group, and 700 patients receiving tamsulosin add-on placebo constituted the control group. The efficacy endpoints were as follows: mean number of micturition per day (mean difference [MD] = -0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.41 to -0.10, p = 0.0001), urgency episodes per day (MD = -0.67, 95% CI = -1.02 to -0.32, p = 0.0002), urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) episodes per day (MD = -0.42, 95% CI = -0.66 to -0.19, p = 0.0005), mean volume voided/micturition (MD = 10.84, 95% CI = 4.97-16.71, p = 0.0003), total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) (MD = -2.01, 95% CI = -4.02 to -0.01, p = 0.05), and IPSS QOL index (MD = -0.65, 95% CI = -0.94 to -0.35, p &lt; 0.0001). Mirabegron therapy, an add-on therapy to tamsulosin, was effective in treating patients with OABS. Moreover, mirabegron might reduce the total IPSS (MD = -2.01, 95% CI = -4.02 to -0.01, p = 0.05). The safety endpoint, treatment-emergent adverse events (odds ratio = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.78-1.13, p = 0.49), suggested that although mirabegron was well-tolerated, it possibly increased the post-void residual urine volume (MD = 10.28, 95% CI = 1.82-18.75, p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combination therapy using mirabegron and tamsulosin may be effective in treating patients with non-neurogenic OABS in terms of UUI episodes, total IPSS, and IPSS QOL index. However, its effectiveness must be verified by analyzing additional factors for OABS through further RCTs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Hyperplastic PSA-Positive Prostate Tissue in the Bladder Neck.","authors":"Radion Garaz, Arnulf Stenzl, Stephan Singer, Sven Mattern, Jens Bedke, Bastian Amend","doi":"10.1159/000535605","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We report a rare case of Skene's gland hyperplasia where the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was measurable.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The patient was a 91-year-old woman with a suspected bladder mass at the bladder trigone. Cystoscopy revealed a suspected lesion and an obstructed anterior bladder neck with a large mass located from a \"7 o'clock\" to \"11 o'clock\" area. The photodynamic diagnosis was negative. Transurethral subtotal resection of the mass was performed. The serum PSA level at the third postoperative day was 0.08 ng/mL. Postoperative cystography showed no contrast media extravasation. Thus, histopathology revealed massive adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the Skene's gland, as well as nondysplastic urothelium and glandular and squamous epithelium. Immunohistochemistry showed strong PSA and NKX3.1 positivity, confirming the diagnosis of \"female prostate.\" FISH analysis showed only green signals that confirm an XX karyotype. In follow-up to 17 months, there was no disease recurrence or need for a urinary catheter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Effective therapeutic strategies for these lesions are unknown due to the absence of reported cases. Given the patient's age, we assumed that bladder neck resection by transurethral resection with a controlled level of serum PSA would be a suitable therapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"163-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10994589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sunitinib for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Real-World Data from the STAR-TOR Registry and Detailed Literature Review.","authors":"Annemarie Uhlig, Lothar Bergmann, Martin Bögemann, Thomas Fischer, Peter J Goebell, Marianne Leitsmann, Mathias Reichert, Michael Rink, Katrin Schlack, Lutz Trojan, Johannes Uhlig, Michael Woike, Arne Strauß","doi":"10.1159/000536563","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We evaluated the effectiveness and safety profile of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib in patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (a/mRCC) in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data of adult a/mRCC patients treated with sunitinib. Data were derived from the German non-interventional post-approval multicenter STAR-TOR registry (NCT00700258). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated using descriptive statistics and survival analyses for the entire cohort and patient subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 116 study sites recruited 702 patients treated with sunitinib (73.1% male; median age 68.0 years; median Karnofsky index 90%) between November 2010 and May 2020. The most frequent histological subtype was clear cell RCC (81.6%). Sunitinib was administered as first-line treatment in 83.5%, as second line in 11.7%, and as third line or beyond in 4.8% of the patients. Drug-related AEs and serious AEs were reported in 66.3% and 13.9% of the patients, respectively (most common AE: gastrointestinal disorders; 39.7% of all patients).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study adds further real-world evidence of the persisting relevance of sunitinib for patients with a/mRCC who cannot receive or tolerate immune checkpoint inhibitors. The study population includes a high proportion of patients with unfavorable MSKCC poor-risk score, but shows still good PFS and OS results, while the drug demonstrates a favorable safety profile. The STAR-TOR registry is also registered in the database of US library of medicine (NCT00700258).</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"198-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Diabetes and Risk of Hypospadias: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zhiyuan Liu, Chengjun Yu, Shuhan Yang, Jin Luo, Jie Zhang, Xiao Wang, Chun Wei, Qinlin Shi, Yi Hua, Xing Liu, Guanghui Wei","doi":"10.1159/000536078","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal diabetes and the risk of hypospadias in male infants, as the relationship between them remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To comprehensively evaluate the association between pregestational diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus with hypospadias, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. A thorough literature search was conducted, encompassing relevant publications published prior to January 2023. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our meta-analysis comprised a total of 13 studies, 11 of which investigated the relationship between pregestational diabetes mellitus and hypospadias, while 9 studies explored the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and hypospadias. Notably, these investigations yielded compelling evidence of significant positive associations between pregestational diabetes mellitus and hypospadias (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.13-2.03), as well as between gestational diabetes mellitus and hypospadias (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.04-1.35).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that both pregestational diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus are associated with an increased risk of hypospadias in offspring. Further investigations are needed to explore the optimal range of blood glucose during pregnancy that minimizes the risk of congenital malformation in the fetus, as well as to develop more effective measures for glycemic control in pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"108-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of a Combination of Preoperative 68-Ga Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Localized Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Alper Simsek, Sinan Celen, Mesut Berkan Duran, Kursat Kucuker, Ahmet Baki Yagci, Nilay Sen Turk, Dogangun Yuksel, Tahir Turan","doi":"10.1159/000538061","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common and leading course of cancer-related death in men. Although there are studies on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MpMRI) with good diagnostic results in detecting clinically significant PCa, new methods have been investigated due to the low positive predictive values. In this context, prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) emerges as an alternative imaging method to MpMRI. This study aimed to compare 68Ga PSMA I&amp;T-PET/CT and MpMRI in determining tumor location.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preoperative MpMRI and 68Ga PSMA I&amp;T-PET/CT scans and pathology specimens of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for PCa at our clinic between 2018 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. PSMA I&amp;T-PET/CT, MpMRI, combined imaging were compared for tumor localization according to histopathological data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In terms of tumor localization, MpMRI demonstrated overall accuracy rates of 75.9% (p kappa [κ] 0.0001* [0.525]). 68Ga PSMA I&amp;T-PET/CT showed 71.5% (p κ 0.0001* [0.438]). For the combined imaging approach, the overall accuracy rate was calculated as 79.2% (p κ 0.0001* [0.576]). Additionally, high diagnostic accuracy was achieved for the combined imaging approach, particularly in the intermediate ISUP group. Moreover, SUVmax was calculated as 6.37.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined use of 68Ga PSMA I&amp;T-PET/CT and MpMRI has high diagnostic rates. However, the high cost is a significant disadvantage that limits their routine combined use.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"277-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140120793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemangioma of the Urinary Bladder: A Brief Narrative Review of Their Diagnosis, Histology, and Treatment Options.","authors":"Radion Garaz, Viktoria Stühler, Arnulf Stenzl, Robert Rottscholl, Bastian Amend","doi":"10.1159/000536057","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemangioma of the urinary bladder is a rare benign tumor. Although benign, their presenting symptoms are alarming for both patients and doctors, and their rarity makes them challenging to correctly diagnosis and treat. This review paper summarizes current knowledge about hemangioma of the urinary bladder, treatment options, and follow-up modalities.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>After the kidney, the bladder is the second most common location of hemangiomas in the urinary tract. There is painless gross hematuria on clinical presentation once the lesion has eroded the urothelium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported to be valuable in diagnosing soft-tissue hemangiomas. Cystoscopic findings of a sessile, blue, multilocular mass suggest hemangioma. Most tumors are solitary, smaller than 3 cm, and have smooth or irregular surfaces. Histologically, lesions comprise numerous proliferative capillaries with thin-walled, dilated, blood-filled vessels lined with flattened endothelium. The treatment of patients with hemangioma has been controversial. It depends on the tumor size and the degree of penetration. The prognosis of these tumors is excellent.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Despite the widespread use of MRI, CT, and endoscopy in evaluating hematuria, hemangioma remains one of the rarest bladder tumors. Moreover, only a histological examination can confirm the diagnosis. Transurethral resection, fulguration, and YAG laser ablation are standard treatments for small tumors. In terms of follow-up, cystoscopy after 6 months of treatment helps assess recurrence. In addition, MRI is a practical, noninvasive technique for follow-up of small hemangiomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"83-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of Simultaneous Bilateral Endoscopic Surgery in Prone Split-Leg Position for Bilateral Upper Urinary Tract Calculi: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Yihang Jiang, Yali Sheng, Junhui Zhang, Yuguang Jiang, Hui Shan, Ning Kang","doi":"10.1159/000536545","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We explored the viability of simultaneous bilateral endoscopic surgery (SBES) in the prone split-leg position for managing bilateral calculi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 72 patients who underwent SBES, with procedures involving ureteroscopy (URS) and contralateral percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) simultaneously, in prone split-leg position.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Operative times averaged 109.38 ± 30.76 min, with an average hospital stay of 7.79 ± 3.78 days. The bilateral stone-free rate (SFR) was 70.83%, while URS and PNL demonstrated comparable unilateral SFR (83.33% and 79.17%, respectively). Receiver operating characteristics curves for predicting unilateral residual fragments yielded an area under the curve of 0.84 (URS) and 0.81 (PNL) with respective cutoff values of stone diameter of 11.55 mm and 23.52 mm. Fifty-seven (79.17%) and 15 (20.83%) patients encountered grade 0-1/2 complications, with no severe complications (grade 3-5) recorded. No significant changes in blood count or renal function were observed post-SBES.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SBES in the prone split-leg position is a viable option for managing bilateral upper tract urolithiasis. Larger scale studies are needed to further assess safety and efficacy in various positions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"190-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extramammary Paget's Disease of the Scrotal and Penile: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Xunguo Yang, Han Lin, Zhenhua Gao, Xingqi Wang, Ling Li, Daoming Tian, Yubin Wen, Jihong Shen","doi":"10.1159/000536654","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Extramammary Paget's disease of the scrotum and penis is a relatively rare cutaneous malignant tumor. At present, its pathogenesis, and clinical and pathological characteristics are not very clear. This is controversial regarding surgical margin width to decrease the high recurrence rate. This paper aimed to report the case and review the literature of extramammary Paget's disease of scrotum and penis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We presented the case of a 74-year-old male patient with the patchy erythema and pruritus in the perineum who was admitted to our department. Biopsy of the large plaque revealed Paget disease. Under the condition of ensuring negative surgical margins by rapid frozen pathology, a wide local excision of the lesion, bilateral orchiectomy, and adnexectomy were performed on the patient. Pathology revealed that many scattered vacuolated Paget cells were observed in the epidermal layer, and the diagnosis was Paget's disease of the scrotum and penis. The 2 cm outside the skin lesion was used as the initial surgical margin, and free skin flap transplantation was used to repair the surgical wound. The patient recovered well and was discharged 1 week after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Currently, histopathologic biopsy is the most important diagnostic method for EMPD. Once confirmed, for patients eligible for surgical intervention, wide local excision of the lesion and rapid intraoperative frozen pathological examination should be performed as soon as possible. The skin flap transplantation is the first choice for the repair of large-scale wound after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11152018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bladder Stone Formation due to Intravesical Migration of the Intrauterine Device: A Report of 2 Cases.","authors":"Emre Şam, Muhittin Atar, Enes Alemdar, Abdullah Turan, İbrahim Karabulut","doi":"10.1159/000537931","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approximately 5% of bladder stones occur in women and are usually associated with foreign bodies or urinary stasis. Spontaneous migration of the intrauterine device (IUD) into the bladder is a rare complication. In this report, we present 2 cases of migrated IUD who had undergone surgery at our clinic due to bladder stones.</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>We detected migrated IUDs into the bladder in 2 female patients, aged 37 and 56 years, who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary tract infection. In the first case, endoscopic cystolithotripsy was performed, and the IUD was removed without complications. In the second case, the IUD could not be removed endoscopically since it had fractionally invaded the bladder wall, and the IUD was removed without complications by performing an open cystolithotomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comprehensive gynecological history should be taken from every female patient presenting with recurrent urinary tract infections and lower urinary tract symptoms. If these patients have a history of IUD placement, the possibility of the intravesical migration of this device should be kept in mind.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"272-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"U-Net-Based Assistive Identification of Bladder Cancer: A Promising Approach for Improved Diagnosis.","authors":"Yinsheng Guo, Chengbai Li, Shuhan Zhang, Guanhua Zhu, Lu Sun, Tao Jin, Ziyue Wang, Shiqing Li, Feng Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000535652","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bladder cancer (BC) is a major health concern that poses a significant threat to the population, with an increasing incidence rate and a high risk of recurrence and progression. The primary clinical method for diagnosing BC is cystoscopy, but due to the limitations of traditional white light cystoscopy and inadequate clinical experience among junior physicians, its detection rate for bladder tumor, especially small and flat lesions, is relatively low. However, recent years have seen remarkable advancements in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the field of medicine. This has led to the development of numerous AI algorithms that have been successfully integrated into medical practices, providing valuable assistance to clinicians. The purpose of this study is to develop a cystoscopy algorithm that is real time, cost effective, high performing, and accurate, with the aim of enhancing the detection rate of bladder tumors during cystoscopy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For this study, a dataset of 3,500 cystoscopic images obtained from 100 patients diagnosed with BC was collected, and a deep learning model was developed utilizing the U-Net algorithm within a convolutional neural network for training purposes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study randomly divided 3,500 images from 100 BC patients into training and validation groups, and each patient's pathology result was confirmed. In the validation group, the accuracy of tumor recognition by the U-Net algorithm reached 98% compared to primary urologists, with greater accuracy and faster detection speed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential of U-Net-based deep learning techniques in the detection of bladder tumors. The establishment and optimization of the U-Net model is a significant breakthrough and it provides a valuable reference for future research in the field of medical image processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"100-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}