Urologia Internationalis最新文献

{"title":"Auto-expandable metallic ureteral stents for complex ureteral stenosis: long term outcomes in a tertiary institution.","authors":"Marina Mata, Inés María Laso-García, Javier Lorca-Álvaro, Gemma Duque-Ruiz, Fernando Arias-Fúnez, Manuel Hevia, Enrique López-Pérez, Francisco Burgos-Revilla","doi":"10.1159/000542941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Auto-expandable ureteral stents can be an alternative to percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) in refractory ureteral stenosis. Our aim is to analyse results and complications of ureteral stents in our centre.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective review of OptiMed® expandable ureteral stents placed in our centre (1996-2022). Analysis of complications (Clavien-Dindo classification). Kaplan-Meier curves (long-rank test) to assess stent permeability and Cox regression for associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>58 patients were included. Median follow-up: 36 months (11-82). Median age: 61 years (48-68). Most frequent aetiology of ureteral stenosis was malignancy in 30 cases (53.6%). The most common location of stricture was distal ureter in 44 (63.8%) ureteral strictures. Creatinine levels improved in 28(48.3%) cases. Most common acute complication was UTI in 6(3.4%) patients (Clavien-Dindo II). 20 patients presented with stent obstruction. 14(24.1%) were solved with double J stenting and 6(10.3%) cases with PCN. Mean stent survival time was 50 months (34.3-65.8). By the end of follow up, 23(39.6%) patients were alive. Of those, 9(39.1%) had a functioning stent. No association of any factor with patency of stent was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Expandable ureteral stents are an alternative to PCN in fragile patients with refractory stenosis, which offers a better quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab in renal cell carcinoma: real-world experiences from a retrospective, multi-institutional cohort.","authors":"Angelika Mattigk, Cristina Cano Garcia, Niklas Klümper, Alexander Cox, Oliver Hahn, Kerstin Junker, Kati Erdmann, Philipp Schmucker, Luka Flegar, Friedemann Zengerling, Severine Banek, Jörg Ellinger, Bjoern Thorben Buerk, Johannes Huber, Charis Kalogirou, Philip Zeuschner, Benedikt Hoeh","doi":"10.1159/000543278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adjuvant pembrolizumab versus placebo significantly improved disease-free survival (DFS) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients at high risk of recurrence following nephrectomy in KEYNOTE-564 trial (NCT03142334). The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of adjuvant pembrolizumab in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter retrospective study, RCC patients receiving adjuvant pembrolizumab between 01/22 and 10/23 at seven tertiary referral centers were included. DFS and treatment safety were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>52 patients with RCC were included. 24 (46%), 5 (9.6 %), 22 (42%) and 1 (1.9%) patients were classified as intermediate to high risk (IR to HR), high risk (HR), M1 with no evidence of disease (M1NED) and unknown. At a median follow-up of 6 months, DFS rates at 6 months were 64.2% in the overall cohort. In subgroup analyses, M1NED patients demonstrated significantly lower DFS compared to non-metastatic (combined: IR to HR/ HR) patients (log rank: p=0.025). Regarding toxicity, grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 26% of patients. Treatment discontinuations were reported in 20% of the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recurrence rates in the M1NED group remained high and occurred earlier in our real-world compared to KEYNOTE-564. Long-term toxicities were comparable to clinical trials data.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does time matter in early radical cystectomy? Comparing outcome, clinical and pathological characteristics of immediate versus deferred radical cystectomy.","authors":"Yushan Yang, Sonja Holbach, Maximilian Haas, Simon Udo Engelmann, Christopher Gossler, Roman Mayr, Maximilian Burger, Johannes Breyer, Michael Gierth","doi":"10.1159/000543235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Early radical cystectomy (eRC) can be performed for high or very high risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Whether immediate eRC is beneficial is still unclear. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes between immediate eRC, delayed eRC and radical cystectomy (RC) at diagnosis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The single-center cohort consisting of patients with RC between 2008 and 2020 was divided into four populations: patients who received immediate eRC within three months of diagnosis of NMIBC (IEC), patients who received eRC at recurrence of NMIBC (REC), patients who underwent RC after primary diagnosis of MIBC (primMIBC) and patients with the initial diagnosis of NMIBC who received RC after progression to MIBC (progMIBC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 463 patients included, 39 had IEC, 58 had REC, 314 had primMIBC and 53 had progMIBC. No statistically significant differences for OS, CSS and RFS between the two groups receiving eRC were found. Patients with pT1 tumors (p=0.003) and tumor size ≥3cm (p=0.012) were more likely to receive immediate RC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immediate and delayed eRC show comparable survival outcomes. The present study emphasizes the need for accurate risk stratification of patients with NMIBC to identify the most advantageous therapy for individual patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal anesthesia vs general anesthesia in the endoscopic management of proximal ureteral stones: A critical evaluation focusing on the total anesthesia time.","authors":"Emre Bulbul, Fahri Yavuz Ilki, Yasin Yitgin, Fatih Ustun, Ali Sezer, Ela Erten, Emine Yitgin, Selahattin Bedir, Kemal Sarica","doi":"10.1159/000543203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study was aimed to compare spinal and general anesthesia methods in endoscopic management of proximal ureteral stones with a particular emphasis on total anesthesia time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 246 adult patients undergoing ureteroscopic management for proximal ureteral stones between January 2021 and March 2023 were enrolled. Two different types of anesthesia namely spinal (Group 1, n=109) and general (Group 2, n=137) anesthesia were applied during these procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean total anesthesia time of Group 1 was statistically significantly shorter than that of Group 2 (61.4±28.7 and 93.7±29.2 min, respectively, p=0.013). While 92.7% of patients in Group 1 were stone free after the interventions, this value was 92 % in Group 2 (p=0.828). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding peri- (p=0.126) or postoperative (p=0.284) complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrated well that both spinal and general anesthesia methods could be applied in a successful and safe manner in the endoscopic management of proximal ureteral stones. However, a shorter total anesthesia time under spinal anesthesia could be anticipated during endoscopic management of proximal ureteral stones.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination of T-stage using tumor weight and size - a potential approach to guide perioperative decision making in patients with bladder cancer.","authors":"Karl Tully, Henning Bahlburg, Moritz J Reike, Mirco Brehmer, Sebastian Berg, Peter Bach, Joachim Noldus, Florian Roghmann","doi":"10.1159/000543112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To examine the value of tumor size, weight, and density in predicting pathological tumor stage in patients with suspected bladder cancer (BCa), minimize interobserver variability of estimated tumor size, and thus provide a more objective instrument to describe the extent of local tumor growth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institutional dataset of 588 consecutive patients undergoing TUR-BT for suspected BCa from 05/2016 - 09/2018 was used. Separate Mann-Whitney-U tests examined differences in each unit between non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive BCa (MIBC) and between Ta/CIS and T1 NMIBC. Intraoperative tumor size, weight, and respective density were calculated. We then calculated multivariable logistic regression models to examine each unit's predictive value and distinguish between endpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 367 patients undergoing TUR-BT were diagnosed with BCa. In patients with MIBC (n=73), the median size (p<0.001) and weight (p<0.001) were higher compared to NMIBC. In contrast, tumor density (p<0.001) was lower. On multivariable analysis, increasing size and weight were associated with higher odds of T1 (size: OR 2.50, 95%CI 1.87-3.35; weight: OR 1.65, 95%CI 1.26-2.15) and muscle-invasive disease (size: OR 1.51, 95%CI 1.29-1.78; weight: OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.03-1.15). Meanwhile, an increasing density was associated with lower odds of both outcomes (T1:OR 0.96, 95%CI 0.89-1.02; MIBC: OR 0.81, 95%CI 0.69-0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients diagnosed with BCa, tumor size, and weight showed similar predictive power concerning T1 NMIBC and MIBC. Tumor density failed to predict the local tumor stage sufficiently. These results may lay the foundation for improving objective measurement of the local tumor burden in patients with BCa and may help guide further immediate treatment decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of surgical therapy for local recurrence and oligometastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: 20 years of experience in a tertiary center.","authors":"Mulham Al-Nader, Ulrich Krafft, Christopher Darr, Jochen Heß, Claudia Kesch, Lukas Püllen, Stephan Tschirdewahn, Umut-Ulas Yesilyurt, Aykhan Isgandarov, Boris Hadaschik, Osama Mahmoud","doi":"10.1159/000542982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and aim of the study: </strong>The impact of surgical therapy in selected patients with limited metastatic/recurrence burden have not yet been well studied. We investigated the outcome of surgical resection for patients with local recurrence only or oligometastatic UC of the bladder.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We identified patients with oligometastatic UC or local recurrence only after radical cystectomy (RC) who underwent surgical resection with curative intent between 2003 and 2022 at our center. Oligometastatic UC was defined as three or fewer resectable lesions, regardless of the number of organs involved. We studied the surgical outcome, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in this selected group of patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 39 patients were selected, including 18 (46%) with local recurrence and 21 (54%) with oligometastatic UC. Nine patients (23%) experienced intraoperative complications, all of whom belonged to the local recurrence group, while eight patients (20.5%) experienced major postoperative complications, including six patients from the local recurrence group and two patients with oligometastatic disease. The median PFS following surgery was 19 months (95% CI; 2.5-35.5) with 1- and 3-year progression rates of 47% and 29%, while the median OS was 24 months (95% CI; 8.6 - 39.3) with 1- and 3-year survival rates of 51% and 30%. A significantly better median PFS was observed in the metastatic versus local recurrence group (35 vs. 8 months, p=0.01). Similarly, a median OS of 41 months was observed in the metastatic group compared to only 12 months for the local recurrence group (p=0.12). Overall, a better survival time of 30 months was observed in the metachronous group compared to 6 months in the synchronous group (p=0.046). In a further analysis of the metastatic group, metachronous oligometastasis was associated with a longer survival of 43 months compared to 9 months for synchronous metastasis (p=0.18). Some differences were not significant, which may be due to sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows reasonable surgical and survival outcomes of metastasectomy, especially in the metachronous subgroup, for UC without risk of higher perioperative morbidity. On the other hand, resection of local recurrence is associated with a higher risk of incomplete resection and higher intraoperative and postoperative morbidity without offering a survival benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of diabetes and antidiabetics on the obesity paradox in renal cell cancer.","authors":"Moustafa Elleisy, Heike Zettl, Desiree Louise Dräger, Oliver W Hakenberg","doi":"10.1159/000543072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543072","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analysis of renal and surgical outcomes of patients with and without preoperative ureteral stenting before Nephron-Sparing Surgery for renal malignancies of higher complexity by using a propensity score-based approach.","authors":"Marcel Schwinger, Johanna Wege, Oliver Hahn, Hubert Kübler, Vincent Scheper, Charis Kalogirou","doi":"10.1159/000543073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the impact of preoperative ureteral stenting on postoperative outcomes, especially the incidence of urinoma, in patients with complex renal tumors undergoing nephron-sparing surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 35 patients who received preoperative ureteral stenting prior to nephron-sparing surgery for complex tumors at the University Hospital of Würzburg between 2002 and 2021. A control group of 115 patients was established through 1:3 propensity score matching based on age, gender, T-stage, and RENAL score. Clinical parameters, surgical outcomes, and complications were assessed, and statistical comparisons were performed using the unpaired Student's t-test and chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While both groups showed comparable tumor complexity (RENAL: 7 vs 7, p=0.58; PADUA: 9 vs 8, p=0.62), there were no significant differences in median hospital stay (12 vs. 11; p=0.068), surgical time (183 vs. 190 minutes; p=0.37), postoperative haemoglobin levels (11g/dl vs. 11.1d/dl; p=0.9) and renal function (GFR 65 ml/min/m² in both groups). Moreover complication severity during NSS, defined by Clavien-Dindo classification, was similar (none vs. grade I; p=0.29). No significant difference in the rate of urinoma was observed (11% vs. 4%, p=0.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found no significant benefits of preoperative ipsilateral ureteral stenting on postoperative outcomes, particularly concerning the development of urinoma. Given these findings, preventive ureteral stenting is not recommended prior to partial kidney resection for complex renal tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of ureteral access sheaths on radiation exposure in the ureterorenoscopic treatment of urolithiasis.","authors":"Lennert Eismann, Severin Rodler, Alexander Buchner, Frank Strittmatter, Abdulmajeed Alghamdi, Simon Lennartz, Jan-Peter Grunz, Raphaela Waidelich, Armin Becker, Philipp Weinhold, Alexander Kretschmer, Christian G Stief, Thilo Westhofen","doi":"10.1159/000542945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ureteral access sheaths (UAS) are widely used in the endoscopic treatment of urolithiasis. In modern medicine, radiation exposure from diagnostics and therapy is increasing; however, the impact of UAS on procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, and radiation exposure is still uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 1,026 patients who received ureterorenoscopic treatment for urolithiasis between 2016 and 2018 at a large academic center. Patients were dichotomized according to the use of UAS, and propensity score matching was performed based on age, BMI and stone size. Patient demographics, stone size, radiographic density, perioperative complications, and postoperative outcome were assessed. Procedure time and radiation exposure, recorded as the fluoroscopy time and area dose product, were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 300 patients were successfully matched to the cohort with UAS (n=150) and the cohort without UAS (n=150). Patients' demographics were similar for age, gender, BMI and ASA score (each p>0.05). Median stone size was 8mm and 7.5mm in the cohort with and without UAS (p=0.335). Procedure time showed no differences between the two cohorts (p=0.749). Fluoroscopy time and area dose product were significantly lower in patients treated with the use of UAS (p=0.004; p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of a UAS does not prolong operation time in patients with equivalent stone burden. In addition, the use of a UAS reduces fluoroscopy time and radiation exposure. In the future, to reduce radiation exposure to the patient and medical staff, the use of a UAS should also be considered for limited stone disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between CT Renal Angiography of Live Kidney Donors and Intraoperative Findings: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Mzhda Sahib Jaafar, Naser Abdullah Mohammed, Shakhawan Hama Amin Said, Rawa Bapir, Dilan S Hiwa, Berun A Abdalla, Fahmi H Kakamad","doi":"10.1159/000541816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction A comprehensive understanding of the renal vascular anatomy variations is paramount to a successful kidney transplant. This reduces vascular injury risks and minimizes ischemia duration, optimizing surgical outcomes. The current study aims to assess the accuracy of renal computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings of live renal donors by comparing them with intraoperative findings. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2018 and February 2020. It included all healthy donors with two kidneys of normal size, shape, and position who were deemed suitable for nephrectomy. The CTA examinations were performed with the same protocol, which combined the vascular-excretory phase. A specialized radiologist confirmed anatomical findings. The CTA results were compared with intraoperative findings, which were documented by the transplantation team. Results The study included 220 patients. The preoperative CTA was highly sensitive and accurate, reaching 99.5% and 98.6%, respectively, for single vessels and 100% sensitivity and accuracy for triple vessels, pelvicalyceal system, and ureter duplication. The sensitivity of CTA for double vessels (vein and artery) was 90% and 92.6%, respectively, while accuracy was 98.6% for both. Conclusion CTA can be used to assess renal arteries and veins for potential renal donors with high accuracy. Although the CTA's minor, statistically non-significant discordance with the surgical findings regarding double arteries and veins, no artery or vein was missed on the CTA. Therefore, the sensitivity of CTA can reach 100%.</p>","PeriodicalId":23414,"journal":{"name":"Urologia Internationalis","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}