Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases最新文献_第8页

Subphenotypes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Advancing Towards Precision Medicine. 急性呼吸窘迫综合征的亚型：迈向精准医学。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0104

Andrea R Levine, Carolyn S Calfee

{"title":"Subphenotypes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Advancing Towards Precision Medicine.","authors":"Andrea R Levine, Carolyn S Calfee","doi":"10.4046/trd.2023.0104","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2023.0104","url":null,"abstract":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common cause of severe hypoxemia defined by the acute onset of bilateral non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The diagnosis is made by defined consensus criteria. Supportive care, including prevention of further injury to the lungs, is the only treatment that conclusively improves outcomes. The inability to find more advanced therapies is due, in part, to the highly sensitive but relatively non-specific current syndromic consensus criteria, combining a heterogenous population of patients under the umbrella of ARDS. With few effective therapies, the morality rate remains 30% to 40%. Many subphenotypes of ARDS have been proposed to cluster patients with shared combinations of observable or measurable traits. Subphenotyping patients is a strategy to overcome heterogeneity to advance clinical research and eventually identify treatable traits. Subphenotypes of ARDS have been proposed based on radiographic patterns, protein biomarkers, transcriptomics, and/or machine-based clustering of clinical and biological variables. Some of these strategies have been reproducible across patient cohorts, but at present all have practical limitations to their implementation. Furthermore, there is no agreement on which strategy is the most appropriate. This review will discuss the current strategies for subphenotyping patients with ARDS, including the strengths and limitations, and the future directions of ARDS subphenotyping.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10168003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic Approaches for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. 特发性肺纤维化的诊断方法。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0087

Jae Ha Lee, Jin Woo Song

{"title":"Diagnostic Approaches for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.","authors":"Jae Ha Lee, Jin Woo Song","doi":"10.4046/trd.2023.0087","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2023.0087","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia with a very poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis of IPF is essential for good outcomes but remains a major medical challenge due to variability in clinical presentation and the shortcomings of existing diagnostic tests. Medical history collection is the first and most important step in the IPF diagnosis process; the clinical probability of IPF is high if the suspected patient is 60 years or older, male, and has a history of cigarette smoking. Systemic assessment for connective tissue disease is essential in the initial evaluation of patients with suspected IPF to identify potential causes of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Radiologic examination using high-resolution computed tomography plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of patients with ILD, and prone and expiratory computed tomography images can be considered. If additional tests such as surgical lung biopsy or transbronchial lung cryobiopsy are needed, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy should be considered as an alternative to surgical lung biopsy in medical centers with experience performing this procedure. Diagnosis through multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is strongly recommended as MDD has become the cornerstone for diagnosis of IPF, and the scope of MDD has expanded to monitoring of disease progression and suggestion of appropriate treatment options.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"40-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic Accuracy of Lactate Dehydrogenase/Adenosine Deaminase Ratio in Differentiating Tuberculous and Parapneumonic Effusions: A Systematic Review. 乳酸脱氢酶/腺苷脱氨酶比值在区分结核性胸腔积液和肺旁积液中的诊断准确性：系统评价。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0107

Larry Ellee Nyanti, Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim, Nai-Chien Huan

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Lactate Dehydrogenase/Adenosine Deaminase Ratio in Differentiating Tuberculous and Parapneumonic Effusions: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Larry Ellee Nyanti, Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim, Nai-Chien Huan","doi":"10.4046/trd.2023.0107","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2023.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and parapneumonic effusion (PPE) are often difficult to differentiate owing to the overlapping clinical features. Observational studies demonstrate that the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase to adenosine deaminase (LDH/ADA) is lower in TPE compared to PPE, but integrated analysis is warranted.Methods: We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the LDH/ADA ratio in differentiating TPE and PPE. We explored the PubMed and Scopus databases for studies evaluating the LDH/ADA ratio in differentiating TPE and PPE.Results: From a yield of 110 studies, five were included for systematic review. The cutoff value for the LDH/ADA ratio in TPE ranged from <14.2 to <25. The studies demonstrated high heterogeneity, precluding meta-analysis. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies Tool 2 assessment revealed a high risk of bias in terms of patient selection and index test.Conclusion: LDH/ADA ratio is a potentially useful parameter to differentiate between TPE and PPE. Based on the limited data, we recommend an LDH/ADA ratio cutoff value of <15 in differentiating TPE and PPE. However, more rigorous studies are needed to further validate this recommendation.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Organoids: Cellular Heterogeneity and Maturity. 人类多能干细胞衍生的肺泡类器官:细胞异质性和成熟度。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0131

Ji-Hye Jung, Se-Ran Yang, Woo Jin Kim, Chin Kook Rhee, Seok-Ho Hong

{"title":"Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Alveolar Organoids: Cellular Heterogeneity and Maturity.","authors":"Ji-Hye Jung, Se-Ran Yang, Woo Jin Kim, Chin Kook Rhee, Seok-Ho Hong","doi":"10.4046/trd.2023.0131","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2023.0131","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic respiratory diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and respiratory infections injure the alveoli; the damage evoked is mostly irreversible and occasionally leads to death. Achieving a detailed understanding of the pathogenesis of these fatal respiratory diseases has been hampered by limited access to human alveolar tissue and the differences between mice and humans. Thus, the development of human alveolar organoid (AO) models that mimic in vivo physiology and pathophysiology has gained tremendous attention over the last decade. In recent years, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been successfully employed to generate several types of organoids representing different respiratory compartments, including alveolar regions. However, despite continued advances in three-dimensional culture techniques and single-cell genomics, there is still a profound need to improve the cellular heterogeneity and maturity of AOs to recapitulate the key histological and functional features of in vivo alveolar tissue. In particular, the incorporation of immune cells such as macrophages into hPSC-AO systems is crucial for disease modeling and subsequent drug screening. In this review, we summarize current methods for differentiating alveolar epithelial cells from hPSCs followed by AO generation and their applications in disease modeling, drug testing, and toxicity evaluation. In addition, we review how current hPSC-AOs closely resemble in vivo alveoli in terms of phenotype, cellular heterogeneity, and maturity.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"52-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10758311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent Advances in Adjuvant Therapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. 非小细胞肺癌辅助治疗的最新进展。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0085

Mi-Hyun Kim, Soo Han Kim, Min Ki Lee, Jung Seop Eom

引用次数: 0

Early Mobilization and Rehabilitation of Critically-ill Patients 危重病人的早期活动和康复

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0144

Hye Min Ji, Yu Hui Won

引用次数: 0

Subtype-Based Microbial Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. 非小细胞肺癌癌症的亚型微生物分析。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2022.0149

Hye Jin Jang, Eunkyung Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Sang Hoon Lee

{"title":"Subtype-Based Microbial Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Hye Jin Jang, Eunkyung Lee, Young-Jae Cho, Sang Hoon Lee","doi":"10.4046/trd.2022.0149","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2022.0149","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The human lung serves as a niche for a unique and dynamic bacterial community related to the development and aggravation of multiple respiratory diseases. Therefore, identifying the microbiome status is crucial to maintaining the microecological balance and maximizing the therapeutic effect on lung diseases. Therefore, we investigated the histological type-based differences in the lung microbiomes of patients with lung cancer.Methods: We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate the respiratory tract microbiome present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer were stratified based on two main subtypes of lung cancer: adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC).Results: Among the 84 patients analyzed, 64 (76.2%) had adenocarcinoma, and 20 (23.8%) had SqCC. The α- and β-diversities showed significant differences between the two groups (p=0.004 for Chao1, p=0.001 for Simpson index, and p=0.011 for PERMANOVA). Actinomyces graevenitzii was dominant in the SqCC group (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] score, 2.46); the populations of Haemophilus parainfluenza (LDA score, 4.08), Neisseria subflava (LDA score, 4.07), Porphyromonas endodontalis (LDA score, 3.88), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (LDA score, 3.72) were significantly higher in the adenocarcinoma group.Conclusion: Microbiome diversity is crucial for maintaining homeostasis in the lung environment, and dysbiosis may be related to the development and prognosis of lung cancer. The mortality rate was high, and the microbiome was not diverse in SqCC. Further large-scale studies are required to investigate the role of the microbiome in the development of different lung cancer types.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"294-303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/43/trd-2022-0149.PMC10555521.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9673276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune Regulatory Function of Cancer- Associated Fibroblasts in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. 癌症相关成纤维细胞在非小细胞肺癌癌症中的免疫调节功能。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2022.0129

Hyewon Lee, Mina Hwang, Seonae Jang, Sang-Won Um

{"title":"Immune Regulatory Function of Cancer- Associated Fibroblasts in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Hyewon Lee, Mina Hwang, Seonae Jang, Sang-Won Um","doi":"10.4046/trd.2022.0129","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2022.0129","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment and significantly contribute to immune evasion. We investigated the effects of CAFs on the immune function of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: We isolated CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) from tumors and normal lung tissues of NSCLC patients, respectively. CAFs were co-cultured with activated T cells to evaluate their immune regulatory function. We investigated the effect of CAF conditioned medium (CAF-CM) on the cytotoxicity of T cells. CAFs were also co-cultured with activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and further incubated with cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX2) inhibitors to investigate the potential role of COX2 in immune evasion.Results: CAFs and NFs were isolated from the lung tissues (n=8) and lymph nodes (n=3) of NSCLC patients. Immune suppressive markers, such as COX2 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), were increased in CAFs after co-culture with activated T cells. Interestingly, CAFs promoted the expression of programmed death-1 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and strongly inhibited T cell proliferation in allogenic and autologous pairs of CAFs and T cells. CAF-CM decreased the cytotoxicity of T cells. COX2 inhibitors partially restored the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and downregulated the expression of COX2, prostaglandin E synthase, prostaglandin E2, and PD-L1 in CAFs.Conclusion: CAFs promote immune evasion by suppressing the function of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells via their effects on COX2 and PD-L1 in NSCLC. The immunosuppressive function of CAFs could be alleviated by COX2 inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"304-318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/42/trd-2022-0129.PMC10555526.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10047015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of the Stethoscope: Advances with the Adoption of Machine Learning and Development of Wearable Devices. 听诊器的发展：随着机器学习的采用和可穿戴设备的发展而进步。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0065

Yoonjoo Kim, YunKyong Hyon, Seong Dae Woo, Sunju Lee, Song-I Lee, Taeyoung Ha, Chaeuk Chung

{"title":"Evolution of the Stethoscope: Advances with the Adoption of Machine Learning and Development of Wearable Devices.","authors":"Yoonjoo Kim, YunKyong Hyon, Seong Dae Woo, Sunju Lee, Song-I Lee, Taeyoung Ha, Chaeuk Chung","doi":"10.4046/trd.2023.0065","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2023.0065","url":null,"abstract":"The stethoscope has long been used for the examination of patients, but the importance of auscultation has declined due to its several limitations and the development of other diagnostic tools. However, auscultation is still recognized as a primary diagnostic device because it is non-invasive and provides valuable information in real-time. To supplement the limitations of existing stethoscopes, digital stethoscopes with machine learning (ML) algorithms have been developed. Thus, now we can record and share respiratory sounds and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted auscultation using ML algorithms distinguishes the type of sounds. Recently, the demands for remote care and non-face-to-face treatment diseases requiring isolation such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection increased. To address these problems, wireless and wearable stethoscopes are being developed with the advances in battery technology and integrated sensors. This review provides the history of the stethoscope and classification of respiratory sounds, describes ML algorithms, and introduces new auscultation methods based on AI-assisted analysis and wireless or wearable stethoscopes.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"251-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e3/dd/trd-2023-0065.PMC10555525.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10396719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. 低骨骼肌质量与慢性阻塞性肺病的临床疗效。

IF 2.9

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0008

Yong Jun Choi, Hye Jung Park, Jae Hwa Cho, Min Kwang Byun

{"title":"Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Yong Jun Choi, Hye Jung Park, Jae Hwa Cho, Min Kwang Byun","doi":"10.4046/trd.2023.0008","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2023.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), decreased muscle mass is a frequently encountered comorbidity in clinical practice. However, the evaluation of muscle mass in patients with COPD in real-world practice is rare.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of all patients with COPD who underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis at least once between January 2011 and December 2021 in three hospitals. Then, we analyzed the performance rate of muscle mass measurement in the patients and the correlation between muscle mass, clinical parameters, and COPD prognosis.Results: Among the 24,502 patients with COPD, only 270 (1.1%) underwent muscle mass measurements. The total skeletal muscle mass index was significantly correlated with albumin, alanine transaminase, and creatinine to cystatin C ratio in patients with COPD (r=0.1614, p=0.011; r=0.2112, p=0.001; and r=0.3671, p=0.001, respectively). Acute exacerbation of COPD (AE COPD) was significantly correlated with muscle mass, especially the truncal skeletal muscle mass index (TSMI) in males (r=-0.196, p=0.007). In the multivariate analysis, TSMI and cystatin C were significant risk factors for AE COPD (hazard ratio, 0.200 [95% confidence interval, CI, 0.048 to 0.838] and 4.990 [95% CI, 1.070 to 23.278], respectively).Conclusion: Low muscle mass negatively affects the clinical outcomes in patients with COPD. Despite its clinical significance, muscle mass measurement is performed in a small proportion of patients with COPD. Therefore, protocols and guidelines for the screening of sarcopenia in patients with COPD should be established.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"272-283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/e0/trd-2023-0008.PMC10555524.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10061082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1