Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research最新文献

{"title":"Ozone exposure induces cough hypersensitivity in mice","authors":"Tinglei Li, Shu Zhang, Xuemei Liu, Tianyuan Xin, Yu Chen, Zhe Chen","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.14","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the influence of O3 exposure on cough sensitivity, airway barrier function and airway inflammation in mice.&#x0D; Methods: Cough sensitivity was determined in healthy male C57/BL6 mice (aged 8 - 10 weeks) which were exposed to different concentrations of O3 (0.5 - 2 ppm) for 3 h daily for 9 days. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining of lung tissues, collection of BALF, and cell count were carried out. Inflammatory factor levels in pulmonary tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while Western blotting was used to assay TRPA1 and Claudin-1 protein expressions in lung tissues.&#x0D; Results: After 9 days of mice exposure to O3, cough sensitivity increased significantly, and TRPA1 protein was increased in pulmonary tissues, with exposure level of 1 ppm resulting in the highest level of TRPA1 protein expression. Claudin-1 expression in lung tissues of mice decreased after O3 exposure, especially in the groups exposed to O3 levels of 0.5 ppm and 2 ppm. The total cell count in alveolar lavage fluid of mice exposed to O3 was significantly increased (p < 0.05). In addition, O3 exposure increased IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α levels, with the most significant increase in the 0.5 ppm group (p < 0.05). Results from histology revealed that all mice had inflammatory reactions and destruction of lung tissues after O3 exposure.&#x0D; Conclusion: Exposure to O3 induces disruption of airway barrier function, infiltration of the airway by inflammatory cells, and increased secretion of inflammatory factors, thereby resulting in enhanced cough sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"91 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of phentolamine combined with milrinone on severe pneumonia in children, and its effect on serum levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and sICAM-1","authors":"Jianbiao Chen, Hualong Lv, Zhimian Liang","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.16","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the effect of the co-administration of phentolamine and milrinone on severe pneumonia in children, as well as on serum MMP-9, TIMP-1 and sICAM-1 levels.&#x0D; Methods: From January 2021 to January 2022, 100 patients diagnosed with severe pneumonia were randomly divided into 2 groups; the control group received oxygen inhalation and other symptomatic treatment, while the study group received phentolamine concurrently with milrinone, Serum MMP-9, TIMP-1, sICAM-1 levels and clinical efficacy were determined in the two groups before and after treatment.&#x0D; Results: After treatment, there were significant differences in IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α levels between the study group and the control group. Furthermore, IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in both groups were significantly higher after treatment than before treatment (p < 0.05). The study group exhibited significant differences in MMP-9, TIMP-1, and sICAM-1 levels after treatment compared to control group (p < 0.05). Healing and therapeutic effectiveness in the study group was 76 %, which was significantly greater than in the control group (48 %; p = 0.000). Additionally, total treatment effectiveness in the study group was 92 %, which was significantly higher than in the control group (80 %; p = 0.015). After treatment, the PEF, FRC, and TEF25 % in the study group were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Co-administration of phentolamine and milrinone is highly effective for the treatment of severe pneumonia in children, and significantly reduces the levels of serum MMP-9, TIMP-1 and sICAM-1. However, multi-center clinical trials should be carried out prior to the adoption of this treatment mode in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of the combination of minocycline and periodontal basic therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis","authors":"Chuizhuang Chen, Shaodeng Li, Fuwen Xing","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.17","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of the combination of minocycline and periodontal basic treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and its impact on inflammatory factors.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 90 T2DM patients with CP admitted to the Department of Stomatology in Hainan Medical College Second Affiliated Hospital, China from January 2020 to October 2022, were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to two equal groups, viz, study and control group. Study group received minocycline in addition to routine hypoglycemic control and basic periodontal treatment, while control group received only routine hypoglycemic control and basic periodontal treatment. Treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Efficacy of the combination of minocycline and periodontal basic treatment of T2DM patients with CP in the two groups, as well as the periodontal probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (sulcus bleeding index, SBI), interleukin-36 (IL-36), interleukin-1β (IL1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, chewing function score, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score, and incidence of adverse reactions before and after treatment were determined.&#x0D; Results: The effectiveness/efficacy of treatment in study group (91.11 %) was significantly higher than in control group (75.56 %, p < 0.05). After treatment, study group had reduced PD, PLI, and SBI scores than control group (p < 0.05). Study group also showed lower levels of IL-1β, IL-36, and TNF-α as well as reduced OHIP-14 score and a higher chewing function score than control group (p < 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The combination of minocycline with periodontal basic treatment improves the efficacy in T2DM patients with CP, and reduces the level of inflammatory factors with a good margin of safety.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"89 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxaliplatin regulates the autophagy of skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line through HMGB1 pathway","authors":"Lei Han, Jing Wang, Yu Xia, Jinping Maio, Juan Cao","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the influence of oxaliplatin on skin squamous cell carcinoma cell line, and the involvement of autophagy- regulating pathway of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the process.&#x0D; Methods: A431 cells cultured in vitro were used. The cells were divided into groups A (treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin) and B (treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin combined with autophagy inhibitor 5 mmol/l3-ma). Changes in expression levels of autophagy marker molecules LC3-Ⅰ, LC3-Ⅱ, p62 and HMGB1 in A431 cells treated with different concentrations of oxaliplatin and different concentrations of HMGB1 were evaluated by Western blotting. Viability of A431 cells in both groups was assessed by CCK-8 assay.&#x0D; Results: With increase in oxaliplatin concentration, LC3-Ⅱ levels in A431 cells were up-regulated, p62 expression decreased, while autophagy level was increased significantly (p < 0.05). With increase in HMGB1 protein concentration, LC3-Ⅱ level in A431 cells was raised, while p62 level was reduced, while the level of autophagy was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Oxaliplatin treatment led to significantly higher expression level of HMGB1 in the experimental group than in the control group without oxaliplatin treatment. The viability of oxaliplatin-treated group was dose-dependently and significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the cell viability of the 3-mA + oxaliplatin group also showed a downward trend, and the decrease was greater than that of oxaliplatin-treated group (p < 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Oxaliplatin upregulates autophagy by promoting HMGB1 protein expression, which may be a protective mechanism of tumor cells against oxaliplatin cytotoxicity thereby making HMGB1 protein a potential target in skin cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"91 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of diquafosol sodium combined with M22 optimized pulsed light in the treatment of dry eye due to meibomian gland dysfunction","authors":"Xiaodan Huang, Degui Wang, Dusheng Lin, Zhaotao Zhou","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.18","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the efficacy and safety of 3 % diquafosol sodium combined with M22 optimized pulse light (OPT) in the treatment of dry eye due to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).&#x0D; Methods: Data from 97 dry eye patients admitted to Shantou Balder Eye Hospital with MGD-induced dry eye illness between August 2019 and June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Patients meeting MGD diagnostic criteria in ophthalmology and exhibiting MGD-induced dry eye signs were split into two groups. The medication group (43 cases) received 3 % diquafosol sodium eye drops six times a day for three months, while the pulsed light group (44 cases) underwent three M22 OPT sessions at one-month intervals. Treatment efficacy of the two methods were compared by assessing changes in ocular surface, symptom severity, inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, IL-8, IL-1β), and quality of life before and three months after treatment commenced. Adverse reactions were also recorded.&#x0D; Results: Pulsed light group showed a slightly higher (but not significant) total effective rate (95.45 %) than the medication group (93.02 %; p > 0.05). Three months post-treatment, both groups exhibited significant improvements in various indicators such as FL, OSDI, symptom scores, tear biomarker levels, and overall eye health (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was similar between the medication (4.65 %) and pulsed light (9.09 %) groups.&#x0D; Conclusion: Treatment with 3 % diquafosol sodium and M22 OPT for MGD-induced dry eye yields comparable efficacy and safety, improving symptoms, ocular surface function, reducing inflammation, and enhancing quality of life. However, 3 % diquafosol sodium shows better patient tolerance and fewer adverse reactions, but further research is needed due to the limited number of patients in this study.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"89 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of diclofenac emulgel prepared with sesame oil as a lipophilic carrier","authors":"Zwanden Sule Yahaya, Latifat Oyiza Otaru, Boma Blessing Mohammed, Olutayo Ademola Adeleye, Na'anman Charles Dagogot, Idris Abdullahi","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the suitability of sesame oil as an oily phase for diclofenac emulgel formulation.&#x0D; Methods: Different batches of emulgel comprising different proportions of oils (sesame oil and/or Labrafac CC), surfactants (Tween-80 and/or cremophor EL-30), and gelling agents (xanthan gum or gelatin) were prepared. The formulations were evaluated for rheology, syneresis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, spreadability, extrudability, and anti-inflammatory activity.&#x0D; Results: Product characteristics of batches A2, A4, and A6 were not consistent with those of emulgels. Because Batch A1 showed characteristics that were the most stable, such as no pH changes, nonstatistically significant changes (p = 1.000) in the viscosity results, and least spectrum changes following FTIR investigation, it was selected as the best batch. It showed similar anti-inflammatory activity when compared with commercially available diclofenac emulgel, giving a 50 % higher anti-inflammatory effect than aqueous diclofenac dispersion. &#x0D; Conclusion: Sesame oil is a potential lipophilic component in emulgel formulations for topical delivery of hydrophobic drugs.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"88 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dexmedetomidine on convalescence quality after general anesthesia and postoperative delirium, and on cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing lower limb surgery","authors":"Wenbo Wei, Lele Guo","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.22","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine on the quality of postoperative recovery, incidence of postoperative delirium, and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing lower limb surgery.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 112 patients who received treatment in the Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hothot, China from January 2021 to January 2023 were divided into 3 groups, consisting of low-dose group (35 patients received 0.2 mg/kg), medium-dose group (39 patients received 0.4 mg/kg), and high-dose group (38 patients received 0.6 mg/kg). Parameters including, convalescence quality of general anesthesia, incidence of postoperative delirium, adverse reactions, Mini- mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, sedation effect (Ramsay), analgesia effect (visual analogue scale (VAS)), and stress indices, viz, norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and cortisol (COR) levels), were evaluated and compared.&#x0D; Results: There was no significant difference in tracheal extubation time, recovery time of spontaneous breathing, calling eye-opening time, or full awakening time among the three groups (p > 0.05). However, MMSE score was significantly higher in low-dose group on days 1 and 3 after surgery (p < 0.05) and VAS scores were significantly higher in low-dose group at 12 and 24 h after recovery compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Ramsay score was significantly higher in high-dose group (p < 0.05). Levels of NE, E, and COR were significantly lower in medium-dose group compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Incidence of adverse reactions were significantly lower in low and medium-dose groups compared to high- dose group (p < 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Medium-dose dexmedetomidine demonstrates favorable sedative and analgesic effects with minimal impact on cognitive function and stress response in elderly patients undergoing lower limb surgery. Furthermore, it does not affect quality of postoperative recovery nor incidence of postoperative delirium. More large-scale, randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these results.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"90 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the combination of oseltamivir, artificial cowbezoar, chlorphenamine maleate, and interferon nebulization on immune function in children with influenza","authors":"Xianjie Wu, Zhimian Liang, Xuemei Chen","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine the effect of combining oseltamivir, artificial cow-bezoar, chlorphenamine maleate, and interferon inhalation on immune function and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels in children with influenza.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 114 children with influenza treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province, China from December 2019 to December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups, viz, study group (n = 57) and control group (n = 57). Control group received oseltamivir sodium chloride infusion, artificial cow-bezoar, and chlorphenamine maleate granules. Study group was treated with interferon alpha-1b in addition to control group treatment. Their clinical symptoms, duration of symptoms, immune function, SAA and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined before and after treatment. Adverse reactions were also recorded.&#x0D; Results: Study group had a significantly shorter duration of fever, cough, sore throat, and nasal congestion after 5 days of treatment than control group (p < 0.05). The study group also showed higher CD3+ and CD8+ levels and lower CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels than control group after treatment. However, both groups showed lower levels of SAA, CRP, and SAA/CRP after treatment than before treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of SAA, CRP, and SAA/CRP were lower in study group than in control group after treatment (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group after treatment was significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Quadruple therapy using oseltamivir, artificial cow-bezoar, chlorphenamine maleate, and interferon inhalation significantly shortens symptoms, boost immunity, lower SAA levels, and reduce side effects in children with influenza.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"90 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in combination with insulin and glucose infusion on hyperkalemia treatment","authors":"Xuansheng Wu, Li Yue, Na Yin, Feng Dai, Fang He","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.25","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) in combination with insulinand glucose infusion in managing hyperkalemia.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 126 patients, who were admitted with hyperkalemia (≥ 5 mmol/L) to the Yongchuan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China from January 2021 to December 2022, were retrospectively studied. Participants were divided into three groups based on different potassium-lowering regimens, viz, SZC group (40 patients), insulin with glucose (IG) group (38 patients) and SZC + IG group (48 patients). Changes in potassium levels, other serum electrolytes (magnesium, sodium, phosphate, calcium), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and albumin before and after treatment were recorded. Adverse reactions during treatment were also recorded.&#x0D; Results: Post-treatment, the potassium levels in all three groups exhibited a significant reduction when compared to pre- treatment values (p < 0.05). The SZC + IG group showed the highest efficacy, with a significant reduction in blood potassium levels observed 4 h after administration, which was more pronounced compared to other groups. The SZC + IG group, maintained potassium ion concentration at a normal level for a longer duration and no serious adverse reactions were observed during treatment.&#x0D; Conclusion: Intervention with SZC + IG lowers blood potassium levels, maintains it within normal range, and is more effective than the individual use of SZC or IG. A combination of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, insulin and glucose infusion for treating hyperkalemia will need to be investigated further in a large-scale multicenter study.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"90 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkaloids from &lt;i&gt;Peganum harmala&lt;/i&gt; attenuated contractile responses of vascular smooth muscle cells","authors":"Mohamed K. Al-Essa, Eman Alefishat, Sawsan AbuHamdah, Mohammed H. Al-Muhtaseb, Darwish H. Badran, Mhd Tareq Wahbi, Rima Altaweel, Amjad T. Shatarat","doi":"10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the contractile responses of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to spasmogens after incubation with harmaline, harmine, and harmalol, which are alkaloids obtained from Peganum harmala L., a member of the Zygophyllaceae family.&#x0D; Methods: Contractile responses of VSMCs to norepinephrine (NE; 1 µmol/L) and potassium chloride (KCl; 60 mmol/L) were recorded in rat aortic ring preparations pre-incubated with 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 µmol/L of each alkaloid for 15 min. Responses were expressed as mean values of contractions in incubated preparations, relative to the recorded tension prior to treatment with alkaloids.&#x0D; Results: Pre- incubation with harmaline at concentration of 10 µmol/L significantly reduced contractile responses to NE by 69.0 ± 3.0 % (p < 0.00002), and decreased KCl-induced contraction by 34.0 ± 9.0 % (p < 0.05). Harmalol was the most effective in inhibiting contractions to KCl (48.0 ± 9.0 %, p < 0.01). However, harmalol produced relatively moderate inhibitory effects on NE-induced contractions (46.0 ± 4.0 %, p < 0.005), followed by harmine (52.0 ± 8.0 %, p < 0.02), but it did not significantly affect contractile responses to KCl.&#x0D; Conclusion: These results highlight the differential effects of pre-incubation with alkaloids from P. harmala and their potential effects on the prevention of VSMC spasms induced by either chemicals or stimuli that change the membrane potential.","PeriodicalId":23347,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}