Thoracic Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of Histological Subtype Based on Segmental Localization of Malignant Pulmonary Nodule in the Upper Lobe of the Lung.","authors":"Aysegul Gencer, Ersan Atahan, Bilun Gemicioglu, Sermin Borekci, Buket Caliskaner Ozturk","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70277","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies have shown that malignant pulmonary nodules frequently occur in the upper lobes of the lung. However, there is no data on their distribution according to segments. The aim of this study is to predict the histological subtype of lung cancer based on the segment localization of malignant pulmonary nodules located in the upper lobe of the lung.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between March 1, 2018, and November 1, 2024, 2402 patients who applied to the pulmonary diseases outpatient clinic and were scheduled for further investigation after thoracic CT scans revealed pulmonary nodules measuring 8 mm or larger were screened. The demographic characteristics, pulmonary nodule size, and histological subtypes of 154 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in further investigations were compared according to the upper lobe segments of the lung: apicoposterior and anterior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adenocarcinoma percentage was significantly higher in the apicoposterior group, while squamous cell carcinoma percentage was significantly higher in the anterior group (p = 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NSCLC localized in the apicoposterior segment of the upper lobes of the lung tends to be adenocarcinoma, while those localized in the anterior segment tend to be squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor size less than 3 cm with apicoposterior localization is independently associated with the adenocarcinoma histological subtype.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 7","pages":"e70277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147582338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Osimertinib in Patients With Postoperative Recurrent Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Harboring Sensitizing EGFR Mutations.","authors":"Yuko Iida, Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Keita Mori, Meiko Morita, Motoki Sekikawa, Michitoshi Yabe, Kosei Doshita, Keita Miura, Hiroaki Kodama, Noboru Morikawa, Nobuaki Mamesaya, Haruki Kobayashi, Ryo Ko, Kazushige Wakuda, Akira Ono, Tateaki Naito, Haruyasu Murakami, Yasuhisa Ohde, Yasuhiro Gon, Toshiaki Takahashi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The efficacy of osimertinib in patients with postoperative recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to those with Stage IV NSCLC harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study evaluated the efficacy of osimertinib in patients with postoperative recurrent EGFR-mutated NSCLC. We retrospectively evaluated patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion or L858R mutation) who received osimertinib between September 2018 and July 2022 at a single institution. The efficacy of osimertinib was compared between patients with postoperative recurrent NSCLC (postoperative group) and those with Stage IV NSCLC (Stage IV group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 172 patients treated with osimertinib, 52 were classified into the postoperative group and 120 into the Stage IV group. The response rate (58.1% vs. 61.8%, p = 0.836) and progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.854, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.558-1.306, p = 0.465) were not significantly different between the postoperative and Stage IV groups. Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in the postoperative group than in the Stage IV group (median: 39.2 months and 28.5 months, respectively; HR: 0.521, 95% CI: 0.293-0.927, p = 0.024). In the multivariable analysis of OS, postoperative recurrent disease and performance status were independent favorable prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative recurrent disease was an independent favorable prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations treated with osimertinib.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 8","pages":"e70285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Intraoperative Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring in Transcervical Inflatable Mediastinoscopic Esophagectomy.","authors":"Luo Zhao, Zhijun Han, Yisheng Zhang, Zijia Liu, Jia He, Li Li","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70266","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcervical inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy (TIME), with fewer incisions and without going through the thoracic cavity, may achieve the same results and lymph node dissection compared with Thoracoscopic assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (TAMIE). However, its small visual field increases recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury risk. Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) reduces RLN paralysis in TAMIE, but few reports have used it in TIME. This paper introduces continuous IONM in TIME to protect RLN. A patient underwent TIME with continuous left RLN monitoring using an EMG endotracheal tube and APS electrode. Stimulation frequency was 1 Hz, with the alarm set at ≥ 50% EMG amplitude reduction or latency prolongation > 10%. The signals are within the normal range during the mediastinal surgery and neck anastomosis. The patient had a normal voice and symmetric vocal cord movement postoperatively. Continuous IONM in TIME may help identify and protect RLN, enabling more aggressive lymph node dissection, though it needs anesthesia cooperation to avoid muscle relaxants. It may be the best method for RLN protection in TIME in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 8","pages":"e70266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13079959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection in Pulmonary Metastasectomy: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis.","authors":"Christian Galata, Jonathan Schulz, Laura Grifone, Sergio A Zapata Bonila, Thomas Kindler, Kalliopi Athanassiadi, Eric Roessner, Ioannis Karampinis","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70278","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary metastasectomy is an established part of the multimodal treatment of various malignant diseases. While the procedure typically focuses on complete removal of metastatic lesions, the role of mediastinal lymph node involvement remains unclear. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of lymph node involvement and its impact on prognosis in patients undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with different primaries with histologically confirmed pulmonary metastases that underwent pulmonary metastasectomy with the goal of complete resection were included in this retrospective analysis. The type of lymph node dissection, the type of lung resection, the number of lymph nodes harvested as well as survival data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 219 patients, lymph node samples were obtained in 91 (41.6%). Lymph node metastases were identified in 13 patients (14.3%). No specific primary tumor entity showed a significantly higher risk of lymph node involvement. After a median follow-up of 10 months, 12 of 13 lymph node positive patients (92.3%) had either radiologically confirmed active disease or had died of malignancy, compared with 47.1% in the lymph node negative group (p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mediastinal lymph node involvement in pulmonary metastasectomy is associated with poor prognosis and may occur across a broad spectrum of primary tumor entities. Our data may support the routine use of modern staging modalities such as PET/CT and EBUS in candidates for pulmonary metastasectomy, in order to better stratify patients and avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 7","pages":"e70278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13045237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Strategies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pleural Mesothelioma: An Overview.","authors":"Raffaella Pagliaro, Beatrice Leonardi, Angela Schiattarella, Grazia Bergameo, Carmine Picone, Adolfo Gallipoli D'Errico, Filippo Scialò, Fabio Perrotta, Maria Luisa De Rimini, Alfonso Fiorelli, Andrea Bianco","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a rare and aggressive cancer arising from pleural mesothelial cells with a strong association to asbestos exposure. Among the diagnostic strategies available are noninvasive techniques including thoracic ultrasound (TUS), computed tomography (CT) scans, positron emission tomography (PET-CT), and invasive procedures such as thoracoscopy and pleural biopsy. Accurate identification of the histological subtype is critical for tailoring treatment strategies. The standard treatment for unresectable PM has traditionally been chemotherapy, particularly platinum and pemetrexed. However, recent advances in translational clinical research, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), are changing the therapeutic landscape, offering new opportunities for personalized treatment. The recent FDA approval of nivolumab and ipilimumab combination therapy as a first-line treatment has significantly improved outcomes, especially for nonepithelioid subtypes. Ongoing studies are exploring additional immune-targeted therapies such as VISTA, LAG-3, and dendritic cell-based therapies. Early detection, refined biomarker identification, and a deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment remain essential to improving PM prognosis and patient survival. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches (including immunohistochemical and molecular markers), staging, and current treatment strategies for PM.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 8","pages":"e70259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13105835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Diagnostic Pathways for Bronchopulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Assessment of the South Wales Neuroendocrine Tumor Service Transformation.","authors":"Arouba Imtiaz, Oliver Burbidge, Mat Jones, Robin Ghosal, Janardhan Navaratnam, Craig Dyer, Helen E Davies, Mohid S Khan","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70282","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (bpNETs) are uncommon lung neoplasms posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study evaluates the impact of the transformation of the South Wales Neuroendocrine Cancer Service on diagnostic and management outcomes for bpNETs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from patients with typical and atypical carcinoids (TC and AC) diagnosed before and after commissioned service transformation (September 2017). Data were collected from network cancer databases and clinical portals. Demographics, diagnostic pathway times, diagnostic tests, treatment modalities, and survival outcomes were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following transformation, significant reductions were observed in median times from presentation to diagnosis (p = 0.009), symptom onset to diagnosis (p = 0.006), and presentation to treatment (p = 0.020). No other significant differences were noted between pre- and post-transformation groups. Incidental diagnoses increased, especially in TCs (53%). Usage of CgA, HIAA, EBUS biopsies, and Gallium PET scans increased post-transformation. Surgical treatments were common, but there was an increase in systemic therapy post-transformation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementation of a collaborative care model and NET service transformation led to significant improvements in pathway times. This is one of the few studies describing such improvements in NETs. While survival outcomes showed promising trends, further research is needed to assess the long-term impact on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 8","pages":"e70282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147723744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Surgery Strategies in Stage IB Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Insights from Interpretable Machine Learning.","authors":"Qunzhe Ding, Chutong Lin, Yatsu Lam, Fuxin Guo, Shanwu Ma, Guangliang Qiang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70270","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stage IB lung squamous-cell carcinoma (LSCC) lacks individualized survival prediction tools. There's debate on adjuvant chemotherapy's benefit. This study aimed to develop an interpretable machine-learning model for stage IB LSCC survival prediction and re-evaluate postoperative chemotherapy's added value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 6445 patients with stage IB LSCC diagnosed between 2000 and 2015 were extracted from the SEER database. Patients from 2000 to 2014 (n = 5740) were split 7:3 into training and internal validation cohorts, while those from 2015 (n = 705) served as the external validation cohort. Six machine-learning algorithms (including logistic regression and gradient-boosting models) were trained to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) with hyperparameter optimization via 10-fold cross-validation. SHAP analysis ensured model interpretability, and 1:1 nearest-neighbor propensity-score matching evaluated chemotherapy benefit in completely resected patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LightGBM model achieved the best discriminative performance (AUC = 0.834, 0.828, 0.800 for 1-, 3-, 5-year OS) with excellent generalizability in external validation. SHAP analysis identified treatment modality as the top survival predictor; both surgery alone and surgery plus chemotherapy improved survival, but no significant OS difference was observed between the two strategies across all timepoints, consistent across subgroups (age, tumor size, etc.). Propensity-score matching of 565 patients confirmed similar outcomes (median OS: 64 vs. 62 months; HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.82-1.20; p = 0.893).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study gives individualized survival estimates for stage IB LSCC, backing a risk-adapted conservative adjuvant treatment approach. High-risk subgroups got no extra benefit from postoperative chemotherapy, which may help integrate precision medicine and shared decision-making in early-stage LSCC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 7","pages":"e70270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Prognosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Who Did Not Undergo Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Zhenghui Ma, Yuqi Wu, Guangqian Ji, Zongmei Zhou, Xin Wang, Jianyang Wang, Wenyang Liu, Lei Deng, Wenqing Wang, Junlin Yi, Nan Bi, Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70280","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the prognosis of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who did not undergo surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy (NACI). Patients were grouped according to subsequent treatment: radiotherapy (RT) or nonradiotherapy (non-RT), and the prognostic importance of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was further assessed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included NSCLC patients who received NACI between November 2020 and September 2024 at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College. Not all patients underwent surgery and subsequently received either RT or non-RT treatment. Patients were stratified by whether PET/CT was performed and by their SUV-max values before RT or non-RT. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from the start of neoadjuvant therapy using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 73 eligible patients were enrolled: 21 (28.8%) in the non-RT group (nRTG) and 52 (71.2%) in the RT group (RTG). The median follow-up time for all patients in the group was 18 months. The results show no significant difference in PFS (p = 0.653) or OS (p = 0.742) between RTG and nRTG. Among the patients who did not undergo PET/CT examination, the results showed a significant difference in PFS (p = 0.022), but no difference in OS (p = 0.320). Among the patients undergoing PET/CT examinations, in terms of PFS, compared to nRTG + SUV-max ≤ 4 g/mL, there is no significant difference in RTG + SUV-max ≤ 4 g/mL (p = 0.584), and RTG + SUV-max > 4, < 8 g/mL (p = 0.156). However, RTG + SUV-max ≥ 8 shows a statistical difference (p = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among NSCLC patients who did not undergo surgery following NACI, no significant differences in OS or PFS were observed between the RTG and nRTG groups. For patients who did not receive PET/CT evaluation, radiotherapy remains a key therapeutic option. In patients with a PET/CT SUVmax ≤ 4, radiotherapy may be safely omitted. In comparison, patients with a PET/CT SUVmax > 4 should be managed with a comprehensive treatment strategy that includes radiotherapy as the main component. PET/CT plays a critical role in guiding subsequent treatment selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 7","pages":"e70280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Determinants of Circulating Immunity Predict Immune-Related Adverse Events (irAEs) in Cancer Patients Receiving PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade.","authors":"Liting You, Jianzhao Zhai, Zhaodan Xin, Feifei Na, Yang Wen, Jin Li, Jiajia Song, Ling Bai, Xiaohan Zhou, Binwu Ying, Juan Zhou","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70265","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the remarkable success of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in solid tumors, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have posed great challenges in the whole-course management of ICI immunotherapy. Reliable biomarkers helping to predict irAEs are still limited and lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cancer patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 blockade were enrolled without limiting tumor type, immunotherapy drugs, or affected organs. Blood samples were collected for PBMC isolation. Whole transcriptomic RNA sequencing was used to discover biomarkers in PBMCs of irAEs patients, validated by RT-PCR in the test set. IrAEs-free survival analysis and subgroup analysis were performed. LASSO regression prediction classifiers were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and two patients were enrolled, with 42 in the training set and 60 in the testing set. The transcriptomic profile of PBMCs distinguished irAEs patients of different grades from non-irAEs patients. Five candidate biomarkers were identified: FXYD7, SPSB2, SLC35E2A, C2, and SERPING1. Lower expression of FXYD7, SPSB2, and SLC35E2A was associated with shorter irAEs-free survival [FXYD7, HR = 3.67, p = 0.0004; SLC35E2A, HR = 3.12, p = 0.0001; SPSB2, HR = 3.41, p = 0.0110]. Higher expression of C2 and SERPING1 was associated with shorter irAEs-free survival in severe cases [C2, HR = 0.30, p = 0.0011; SERPING1, HR = 0.39, p = 0.0082]. Classifiers based on these biomarkers predicted irAEs of all grades (AUC = 0.91) and severe irAEs (AUC = 0.94), with FXYD7, C2, and SERPING1 as key variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Together, we revealed crucial circulating immunological determinants in irAEs and provided promising biomarkers to help predict irAEs, which will enlighten future precise management and targeted treatment strategies for irAEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 7","pages":"e70265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13042749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Antitumor Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation Combined With TROP2-CAR-T Cells in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yanyun Zhao, Peng Jiao, Zhuo Zhang, Yang Sun, Huiyan Sun, Xiaoguang Li, Zhixin Bie, Chenghua Xiao, Yanfei Qu, Wei Wang, Qinqin Xu, Lisheng Wang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70268","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is highly relapsed and responds poorly to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy due to antigenic heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2), overexpressed in LUAD and linked to poor prognosis, is a promising target. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can cause direct tumor necrosis, trigger immunogenic cell death, and enhance immune infiltration through antigen secretion; however, it often fails to eradicate residual tumors. Therefore, combining RFA with CAR-T-cell therapy may offer a new and synergistic therapy against LUAD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the cytotoxicity of TROP2-directed CAR-T cells against LUAD in vitro and observed their therapeutic efficacy and safety in combination with RFA in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Third-generation TROP2-CAR-T cells were developed and characterized for transduction efficiency, CD4/CD8 ratio, and proliferative capacity. Their antigen-specific cytotoxicity against TROP2⁺ target cells was observed using a luciferase-based assay and cytokine analysis. An A549-TROP2-Luc xenograft model was developed to examine the therapeutic effects of RFA, TROP2-CAR-T monotherapy, and their combination. Tumor suppression, Ki67/TUNEL assays, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses were performed to evaluate efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TROP2-CAR-T cells showed efficient transduction and potent, antigen-dependent cytotoxicity with significant cytokine secretion in vitro. In vivo, both RFA and TROP2-CAR-T therapy suppressed tumor growth, and their combination showed a synergistic antitumor effect without hepatic or renal toxicity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of RFA and TROP2-CAR-T therapy demonstrates enhanced antitumor efficacy and improved safety profile in LUAD, highlighting a promising combinatorial immunotherapeutic approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 7","pages":"e70268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}