Thoracic Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Microwave Ablation Combined With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Resectable Stage IIB-IIIB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Chun-Quan Liu, Kang-Shun Guo, Qi Qin, Liu Yang, Yong Cui, Mu Hu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy has emerged as a pivotal neoadjuvant strategy for resectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, several problems urge to be resolved, including suboptimal pathologic complete response(pCR)/major pathologic response (MPR). Microwave ablation (MWA) exerts direct tumoricidal effects through thermal coagulation while releasing tumor-associated antigens to remodel the local immune microenvironment. In patients with advanced NSCLC, MWA combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy has shown prolonged overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the neoadjuvant therapeutic strategy combining MWA with chemotherapy and immunotherapy for optimizing neoadjuvant treatment strategies of stage IIB-IIIB NSCLC. We evaluated the pCR, MPR, R0 resection rate, and incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events in patients following surgical resection, aiming to improve surgical outcomes and survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study confirmed the safety and feasibility of a neoadjuvant therapeutic strategy combining MWA with chemotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC. The study was a single-center retrospective analysis (n = 8), demonstrating a pCR rate of 50%, an MPR rate of 62.5%, an R0 resection rate of 100%, with no increase in grade ≥ 3 adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this retrospective analysis, the neoadjuvant therapeutic strategy combining MWA with chemotherapy and immunotherapy preliminarily demonstrates safety and feasibility in resectable stage IIB-IIIB NSCLC, while showing potential to improve pCR and MPR rates. Furthermore, the integration of MWA may propose a novel treatment approach for optimizing neoadjuvant therapy. Prospective multicenter clinical trials are required to further validate the safety and feasibility, as well as its impact on long-term survival benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 15","pages":"e70136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Adenocarcinoma Expressing an EML4-ALK Fusion Transcript With Premature Stop Codons and Response to Alectinib: A Case Report.","authors":"Mami Ozaki, Hiroaki Ikushima, Masaki Suzuki, Akira Yokoyama, Kensuke Fukuda, Kousuke Watanabe, Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku, Motohiro Kato, Tetsuo Ushiku, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Katsutoshi Oda, Hidenori Kage","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ALK fusions are well-established oncogenic drivers in lung cancer, typically resulting in ALK activation through dimerization mediated by partner proteins. However, alternative mechanisms of ALK activation have also been reported. We herein report an 80-year-old man with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, who initially tested negative for ALK rearrangement using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay. RNA-based hybrid capture targeted sequencing later identified an EML4-ALK fusion transcript in which EML4 exon 15 and ALK intron 19 were fused. This resulted in a stop codon being retained in the unspliced ALK intron 19, preventing fusion protein translation. However, immunohistochemistry revealed overexpression of ALK, suggesting the existence of alternative translation initiation sites in exon 20 or downstream. The patient showed a marked response to alectinib therapy. This case underscores the importance of using multiple methods to detect actionable gene fusions and to ensure appropriate targeted therapy selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 15","pages":"e70146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144769102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Single-Cell Transcriptomics and Machine Learning to Define an ac4C Gene Signature in Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yuan Wang, Wei Su, Guangyao Zhou, Yijie Wang, Chunnuan Wu, Pengpeng Zhang, Lianmin Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70140","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lung adenocarcinoma, the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, faces challenges such as drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity. N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is an important RNA modification involved in cancer progression, but its role in lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed transcriptomic and single-cell RNA sequencing data from public databases to investigate the expression and clinical significance of ac4C-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Ten machine learning algorithms were applied to develop and validate an ac4C-related gene signature (ARGSig) for prognosis prediction across multiple independent cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cells with high ac4C activity showed increased intercellular communication and activation of tumor-associated pathways. The ARGSig model effectively stratified patients by survival outcomes and predicted sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy agents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ac4C modification and its related genes play a critical role in lung adenocarcinoma development. The ARGSig model provides a promising molecular tool for prognosis evaluation and personalized treatment guidance in lung adenocarcinoma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 15","pages":"e70140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sarcopenia on the Outcomes and Safety of Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Durvalumab for the Treatment of Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Kentaro Tamura, Hidehito Horinouchi, Mototaka Miyake, Ken Masuda, Yuki Shinno, Yusuke Okuma, Tatsuya Yoshida, Noboru Yamamoto, Yasushi Goto","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia is associated with poor outcomes of various cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Durvalumab is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced (LA) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after chemoradiation therapy (CRT). However, the effect of sarcopenia on the efficacy and safety of durvalumab in patients with LA-NSCLC remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study was conducted between 2018 and 2021. Body composition indices were measured using computed tomography scans taken at the third lumbar vertebra before and after CRT. The cutoff values were set based on the change ratios for each index before and after CRT. Tumor response, survival, and the efficacy and safety of durvalumab were compared between patients who showed skeletal muscle loss and those who did not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 153 eligible patients (median age: 65 years; 74.5% men), skeletal muscle index (SMI) significantly decreased during CRT. With the threshold set at a -10% change in SMI, no significant difference in objective response rate (ΔSMI ≤ -10% vs. ΔSMI > -10%: 76.6% vs. 75.7%, p = 1.000), progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99, p = 0.983), overall survival (HR 1.04, p = 0.909), or the frequency of immune-related adverse events (44.9% vs. 44.2%, p = 1.000) was observed between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although muscle loss during CRT is common, it does not compromise the efficacy or safety of subsequent durvalumab therapy in patients with LA-NSCLC. Future studies are needed to delineate sarcopenia criteria specific to LA-NSCLC and assess interventions, including rehabilitation and pharmacotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 16","pages":"e70145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Afatinib Plus Bevacizumab as First-Line Treatment for Advanced NSCLC Patients With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Mutations: A Multicenter, Phase II Trial.","authors":"Huiyang Shi, Miaohan Wang, Junling Li, Shi Jin, Minglei Zhuo, Jun Zhao, Hongxia Zhang, Meng Yang, Qingfang Shi, Haifeng Qin, Guilan Dong, Dongmei Lan, Zhong Dai, Yu Feng, Haohua Zhu, Jingyu Lu, Kai Zhu, Yuankai Shi, Xingsheng Hu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70137","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies indicated that afatinib combined with angiogenesis inhibitor may achieve promising efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a multicenter, Phase II trial to explore the efficacy and safety of afatinib plus bevacizumab at first-line setting for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary end point included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between July 11, 2020 and November 11, 2021, 54 treatment-naïve NSCLC patients were enrolled in the afatinib plus bevacizumab combination cohort. Meanwhile, 81 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations treated with first-line afatinib monotherapy were retrospectively collected. The median follow-up time was 26.6 months. No significant difference in PFS was observed between the afatinib plus bevacizumab combination cohort and the afatinib monotherapy cohort (14.5 vs. 12.2 months, HR 0.87, p = 0.15), confirmed by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Patients with pleural metastasis (HR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.32-0.98, p < 0.05) and uncommon EGFR mutations (HR 0.61, 95% CI: 0.25-1.47, p = 0.05) experienced longer PFS in the combination cohort. ORR in the combination cohort is more favorable than in the afatinib monotherapy cohort (77.8% vs. 42.0%, p < 0.05). Diarrhea was the most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). 11.1% (6/54) patients had grade ≥ 3 TRAEs when treated with afatinib plus bevacizumab.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Afatinib combined with bevacizumab is well tolerated with moderate efficacy among patients with NSCLC, which might be a prospective strategy for patients with uncommon EGFR mutations and pleural metastasis.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>www.chictr.org.cn.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 15","pages":"e70137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"The Prevalence, Distribution, and Clinicopathological Features of Seven Lung Cancer Actionable Driver Mutations in Taiwan\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.70153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 16","pages":"e70153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12381358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Study on Clinical Outcomes and Safety of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Combined With Chemotherapy in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Fan Ge, Guo Lin, Zhenyu Huo, Zhanyu Wang, Nan Sun, Jie He","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70125","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to explore clinical outcomes and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), providing insights for upcoming clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant original articles and conference proceedings, updated through 10 February 2025. Pathological complete response (pCR) rate and major pathological response (MPR) rate were calculated as the major assessments for the clinical outcomes. The incidences of the rate of R0 resection and treatment-related severe adverse events (tr-SAE) were considered as the primary outcomes for assessing the safety. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to neoadjuvant therapy cycle and study type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 114 patients from 6 studies were included. The meta-analysis results suggested that the pooled rates of pCR and MPR were 35% [95% confidence interval (CI) 14-56] and 49% (95% CI 18-80) in LS-SCLC patients. In terms of safety, most patients achieved R0 surgical resection [95% (95% CI 85-100)] and the pooled incidence of tr-SAE was 44% (95% CI 13-76). Meanwhile, all studies reported that there were no deaths during the perioperative period. Subgroup analysis suggests that more than two neoadjuvant therapy cycles may be associated with better clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, the current research findings demonstrate that neoadjuvant immunotherapy has shown promising clinical efficacy and acceptable safety in SCLC. These results provide valuable reference for upcoming clinical trials regarding the optimal neoadjuvant strategy and potential beneficiary populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 15","pages":"e70125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12336672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Wearable Activity Monitors and Digital Drainage Device With Daily Ambulation and Length of Stay Among Pulmonary Resection Patients: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study.","authors":"Tzu-Yi Yang, Ching-Yang Wu, Ming-Ju Hsieh, Yin-Kai Chao, Ching-Feng Wu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With advancements in medical devices, more hospitals are incorporating the digital chest drainage (DCD) system into postoperative care. Although some studies have suggested that the DCD system provides accurate information and shortens hospital stays compared with the traditional chest drainage (TCD) system, the effect of the DCD system on quality of life remains unclear. This study investigated whether the digital chest drainage system improves postoperative outcomes and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial initially included 362 patients. After exclusion and randomization, 128 and 125 patients were included in the DCD and TCD groups, respectively. Wearable devices were used to measure sleep duration and walking distance after surgery. Primary outcomes included postoperative recovery and quality of sleep and rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. In terms of postoperative outcomes, the DCG group had shorter durations of chest tube insertion and hospital stays than the TCD group did. We noted no significant differences in postoperative pulmonary complications or extended hospitalizations exceeding 1 week between the groups. Regarding physiological changes, the DCD group had a longer sleep duration during the first 2 days after surgery. Furthermore, the number of walking steps after surgery was higher in the DCD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DCD system provides precise information that can help surgeons in decision-making, potentially shortening the postoperative course and reducing the need for postoperative chest x-rays. Furthermore, the DCD system can enhance postoperative recovery by improving sleep quality and ambulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 14","pages":"e70132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12284601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy in Early Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis in Northern Italy.","authors":"Lucia Mangone, Francesco Marinelli, Isabella Bisceglia, Daniel Bianchi, Cristian Rapicetta, Antonino Neri, Fortunato Morabito, Massimiliano Paci","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although smoking cessation remains the most effective preventive measure against lung cancer, the implementation of low-dose computed tomography screening has facilitated early tumor detection, increasing the need for less invasive surgical approaches. This study evaluated the efficacy of segmentectomy vs. lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in northern Italy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The analysis included 200 patients with stage I NSCLC, selected from a cancer registry. Of these, 100 underwent lobectomy and 100 underwent segmentectomy. We calculated loco-regional and distant recurrences, overall survival, and disease-free survival (DFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 6.3 years, segmentectomy was associated with a lower recurrence rate (28%) compared to lobectomy (35%) and a lower incidence of distant metastases (39.6% vs. 60.4%). Multivariable analysis showed a greater risk of recurrence in patients undergoing lobectomy [OR 1.32; 95% CI: 0.71-2.45] and in females [OR 1.69; 95% CI: 0.89-3.18], while a decreased risk was observed among elderly patients over 70 years [OR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.39-1.32] and those with adenocarcinoma histology [OR 0.82; 95% CI: 0.41-1.64]. Five-year survival was higher in the segmentectomy group (67%; 95% CI: 57-76) compared to the lobectomy group (55%; 95% CI: 45-65); a similar result was observed for DFS: 59% (95% CI: 48-68) versus 47% (95% CI 37-57). The risk of death appeared lower in the segmentectomy group [HR 0.85; 95% CI: 0.59-1.22].</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The outcomes appear to favor segmentectomy, as previously demonstrated in clinical trials. The observed effects are less pronounced, due to the absence of patient selection in this real-world setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 14","pages":"e70097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12284733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy With Programmed Death-1 Blockade in Limited Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Ayako Shiono, Hisao Imai, Kyoichi Kaira, Takanori Abe, Yuki Sato, Ken Yamamoto, Hiroki Watanabe, Yuko Tsuchiya-Kawano, Akihiro Tamiya, Takashi Osaki, Noriko Yanagitani, Shigeru Tanzawa, Toshiyuki Sumi, Kohei Yoshimine, Yohei Matsui, Satoshi Endo, Kazuhiko Shibata, Shinnosuke Takemoto, Yosuke Miura, Yoshiaki Nagai, Junichi Nakagawa, Takeshi Tsuda, Hiroshi Kagamu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70118","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main problem: </strong>The efficacy and safety of platinum-based chemotherapy with programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for the treatment of limited disease (LD) small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is unknown. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of platinum-based chemotherapy with PD-1 blockade in patients with recurrent LD-SCLC after CRT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 66 patients who experienced recurrence after CRT for LD-SCLC and received platinum-based chemotherapy with PD-1 blockade therapy between August 2019 and September 2020 at 19 Japanese institutions. Clinical efficacy was assessed according to response rate, survival, and toxicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall response rate was 53.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 48.9-65.0), and the disease control rate was 78.7% (95% CI, 68.9-88.5). The median progression-free survival and overall survival periods were 5.9 (95% CI, 4.7-7.3) months and 24.9 (95% CI, 16.8-28.1) months, respectively. The frequencies of grade ≥ 3 hematological adverse events were as follows: leukopenia, 47.0%; neutropenia, 65.2%; and febrile neutropenia, 8.3%. There was no treatment-related death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chemoimmunotherapy is a feasible and effective treatment for recurrent disease after CRT in patients with LD-SCLC, providing a new potential option for the pharmacological management of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 13","pages":"e70118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}