American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research最新文献

{"title":"dentification of High Risk Individuals for Cardiovascular Diseases through Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and Score Risk (SCORE)","authors":"S. Biradar, A. Jacob, Beedupalli nawaz, Khalid momin, P. Anand, Ambali, Vijaykumar Wararad, B. Shivakumar, Gaviraj, S. Chetankumar, Mutagound","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.004","url":null,"abstract":"According to WHO cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death in the worldwide. \u0000In India too, it has gone through a drastic lifestyle modification from traditional to western one \u0000and adapting sedentary lifestyle, consequently prone the people for CVDs. The present study was \u0000undertaken to identify the high risk individuals for CVDs in the next 10 years by using the \u0000cardiovascular risk assessment tools such as FRS and SCORE and recommendation of lifestyle \u0000modification and initiation of pharmacotherapy. A prospective observational study was \u0000conducted in patients with all possible risk factors (age, sex, high blood pressure, high HDL, TC, \u0000Smoking, and Obesity) for CVD over a period of six month in a tertiary care hospital. A total \u0000numbers of patients selected for the study was 90 among, 49 were males and 41 were females. \u0000The patients were categorized in to different risk groups. According to FRS tool, 35.5% \u0000individuals were at high risk and with SCORE tool, it was 41.1%. Whereas 33.3% individual \u0000who were under the high risk for CVDs by both the tools. The individuals’ lies between mild to \u0000moderate risk for CVDs were recommended for lifestyle modification to attenuate the triggering \u0000risk factors. Whereas high risk individual by both the FRS and SCORE tools were recommended \u0000for lifestyle modification along with pharmacotherapy in order to keep the risk factors under \u0000control. \u0000Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Risk factors; Assessment tools; Primary prevention.","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114623083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Evaluation of Medication Adherence and Drug Related Problems In High Risk Elderly Population","authors":"K. Binu, Binu Prasad","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.002","url":null,"abstract":"Medication adherence is a crucial component in the treatment of chronic diseases. In the elderly, clinicians are faced with a unique set of problems associated with adherence that they may not have been adequately trained for. The present study was designed to assess the socio-demographic profile, adherence and drug-related problems among elderly. Methods: An observational study involving 30 patients aged over 60 years using at least five prescription drugs and discharged from hospital. The occurrence of adherence and DRP were assessed by means of an identification tool specifically developed for use by community pharmacists, including a semi structured patient interview and a checklist of common DRP. Results: Out of 30 study subjects, it was observed that majority of the study subjects had drug related problems. High, moderate and low adherence to medication was found. Conclusion: It is evident that there is a great need on the part of health care providers to not only prescribe medications to the patients but also make a conscious effort to address the issue of non-adherence to the prescribed medications and other non-pharmacological measures.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Morisky, Drug compliance, elderly, habits, medications","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127120071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Covid 19 among Public","authors":"Binu Mathew, J. Jose, P. Ponnachan, Doddayya","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.003","url":null,"abstract":"ndia has taken stringent preventive measures against COVID-19 to control its spread, safeguard \u0000citizens and ensure well-being. Public adherence to preventive measures is influenced by their \u0000knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19. This study aims to access the knowledge, attitudes, \u0000and practices of the public towards COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was contacted in 50 \u0000participants using an online self-reported questionnaire. The demographics, knowledge, attitude, \u0000and practice of the participants were investigated, and the scores were calculated. The majority \u0000of the study participants were knowledgeable about COVID-19, 100% were aware of the clinical \u0000symptoms, and 94% knew that there is no clinically approved treatment. It was also evident 40% \u0000had low knowledge about wearing masks to prevent infection. Concerning attitudes, participants \u0000showed a positive and optimistic attitude toward COVID-19. 40% concur that the virus can be \u0000successfully controlled. But 34% are not convinced that the government will control this \u0000pandemic. Good knowledge of COVID-19 translates into good and safe practices, which \u0000suggests that the practices of residents are very cautious. Almost 88% of respondents refrained \u0000from attending social events, 82% avoided crowded places, and 94% avoided shaking hands. We \u0000also found that young adults are likely to have better knowledge and practices, than older adult \u0000people. The majority of the participants had good knowledge, positive attitude, and sufficient \u0000practice. Our finding suggests that targeted health interventions should be directed to this \u0000particular vulnerable population, who may be at increased risk of contracting COVID-19. \u0000Keywords: Knowledge; Awareness; Practice; Novel coronavirus; COVID 19","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121775130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Evaluation of Breast Cancer Awareness among Medical, Paramedical and General Population – A Hospital Based Questionnaire Survey","authors":"S. Km","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i8.001","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the knowledge of breast cancer among medical, paramedical and general population of women participants. A prospective observational questionnaire survey was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in northern Karnataka for a period of six months with220 participants. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics. Out of 220 women, 31.36% were medical, 20.92% paramedical and 47.72% general. Almost, 94.20% of medical participants believed breast cancer as inherited. Notably, general group considered trauma(74.28%) and diet (73.33%) as major risk factors. Majority of medical and paramedical women thought lump in the breast as the initial sign of Breast Cancer. Awareness regarding mammography and biopsy in general population was 64.76% and 52.38% respectively. Moreover, 95.5% of medical women and all of the paramedical women thought that chemical / radiotherapy was the best treatment. Breast cancer knowledge and awareness was less among the general women. There is a need of developing effective interventional programs to educate women about breast cancer.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Awareness, Breast Cancer, Knowledge, Risk factors.","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132216721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro Antiproliferative Effects of Cotinus coggygria Scop. on human non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer cells","authors":"G. Antov","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i7.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2021.v9.i7.001","url":null,"abstract":"Skin cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide and its incidence constantly increases. The disease divides in two major subtypes: non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancer. The main drawbacks of the traditional skin cancer therapy are primary and acquired drug resistance and serious side effects due to the nonspecific treatments targeting. Despite advances in therapy strategies there is a need of new affordable natural anti-skin cancer agents, which to possess higher efficiency without causing detrimental side effects. Medicinal plants provide great possibility for the discovery of new anticancer therapeutics with preventive and treatment potential. Cotinus coggygria Scop. is a plant species widely applied in phytotherapy predominantly against disorders of the skin and mucosal tissues. The herb has a large range of valuable biological activities but its anticancer properties have not been thoroughly studied. The aim of the present research was to assess the antiproliferative properties of the crude leaf aqueous ethanolic extract from Bulgarian herb C. coggygria and its chloroformic and aqueous fractions on a panel of human skin cancer cell lines: basal cell carcinoma (TE 354.T), squamous cell carcinoma (A431) and malignant melanoma (A375) and to compare them to the cell growth inhibitory potential on normal dermal cell line (BJ). The antiproliferative capacity of the plant substances was investigated using MTT assay and microscopy cell morphology observation after 72 h cell treatment in a wide scale of concentrations. The obtained results showed that the crude extract and both fractions inhibit significant proliferation of A431 squamous cell carcinoma and A375 melanoma cells with the highest cytostatic effect registered for the aqueous fraction on A375 cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 44.33 ?g/ml. C. coggygria exhibited no cytostatic activity towards TE 354.T basal cell carcinoma cells. The established marked slight","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126875689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutraceuticals In Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Sahil, N. Tiwari, Manleen Kaur","doi":"10.46624/AJPHR.2021.V9.I1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/AJPHR.2021.V9.I1.002","url":null,"abstract":"With increasing incidences of side effects and adverse drug reactions, the consumer choices are more inclining towards natural products and medicines obtained from natural sources. One such emerging class of products are 'Nutraceuticals'. Nutraceutical is a compound defined as food or parts of a food having health benefits and helps in prevention and treatment of diseases. It includes isolated nutrients, dietary supplements, herbal products and processed foods. Nowadays Nutraceuticals are preferred for providing additional health benefits and for prevention and treatment of diseases due to its safety, potential and therapeutic efficacy. Nutraceuticals have advantage over the drugs or medicines because they are naturally found dietary supplements and don’t have side effects .These are classified into three categories which are Nutrients , Herbals and Dietary supplements .Nowadays, sedentary and passive lifestyles have become common causes of many diseases related to lifestyle, metabolism, weight-related disorders, cardiovascular disorders etc. The incidence of cardio-vascular diseases have been increasing since decades throughout the world. Studies show that India is the highest contributor to the number of cases of cardiovascular diseases. Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVD) are the most common health problem faced by the populations it may be fatal at later stages. Recent studies have shown that cardiovascular risk factors like obesity, diabetes, hypertension are highly prevalent even in younger generations. Various Nutraceuticals are used for the prevention and treatment of CVD or to reduce the risk factors which leads to CVD , these risk factors are Atherosclerosis, Dyslipidemia , Hypertension , Diabetes Mellitus . Commonly known Nutraceuticals used to treat CVD or reducing its risk factors are Berberine , β-glucans , Polyphenols , Plant sterols or stanols and these are widely found in plants , foods and food products from plant origin , vegetables , cereals , fruits , legumes .","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115303279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Novel Drugs For Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"S. Swathilakshmi, D. Vivek, A. Ev","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2020.v8.i10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2020.v8.i10.001","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson’s disease is the second most chronic neurodegenerative disorder, That impair motor skills, and cognitive performance. Most of the conventional therapies only focus on suppression of symptoms in the disease. But the emerging novel phytochemical compounds have significant effect on its Neuropsychopharmacological mechanisms. These compounds shows neuroprotective action and also decrease the oxidative stress, neuro-inflammatory pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Most of the adverse reactions of conventional treatment are reduced by novel compounds.","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125672141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Open Label Randomized Clinical Study of Compound Unani Formulation (Ustukhuddoos,Filfil Siyah,Aslussoos) in the Management of Iltihab-e-Tajaweef-e-Anaf Muzmin (Chronic Sinusitis).","authors":"Zahid Arfi, Razi Ahmad, Najibur Rahman, Tanwir Alam","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2020.v8.i9.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2020.v8.i9.004","url":null,"abstract":"Tajaweef-e-Anaf (Sinusitis) has tremendous impact on public health. It is the 5 known case of population. Under such circumstances, the Unani medicine has proven its own importance regarding its efficacy, cost and minimal side effects. The present study was designed as an open label randomized clinical trial in successive patients with chronic sinusitis diagnosed on presentation, history and investigations. Sixty diagnosed patients of age between 15-60 years. Who belongs to inclusion criteria were registered, and compound Unani formulation (Ustukhuddoos, Filfil Siyah, Aslussoos) is given for 45 days. Complete physical examination & investigations of patients were done and follow-up planned prior of trial, 15 30 day and at the end of trial. Subjective objective and safety parameter recorded. On objective parameters, there are two sub headings, pathological investigation and radiological examination. In Radiological examination, Calculating by Chi-square p-Value is 0.001 which is significant. While in pathological investigation in TLC, Lymphocyte, Eosinophils “P” value is 0.001, which is very significant. Haemoglobin “P” value is 0.517 and Monocyte, “P” value 0.088 which is not significant.","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126368469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Gel Using Avocado Extract","authors":"H. Yadav, Shahnaz Usman, Raghad Housam Eddin Zain Alabdin, H. Ahmed, H. A. Usman","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2020.v8.i8.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2020.v8.i8.003","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to explore the possibility of formulating a topical gel using avocado extract. The avocado oil was extracted by the locally procured fruit. Different formulations were prepared by changing the concentration of avocado oil and carbopol. The formulations were tested for pH, spreadibility, viscosity, sunscreen activity and antibacterial effect. All the parameters were found to be satisfactory. The formulation exhibited good sunscreen activity and was found effective against selected microorganism. It can be concluded that the formulation can be used in the treatment of different skin infections and for the protection from Sun.","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115320851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and Evaluation of Anticancer Drug (Tamoxifen) Loaded Nanosponges","authors":"B. Narender, P. Sridhar","doi":"10.46624/ajphr.2019.v7.i12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46624/ajphr.2019.v7.i12.003","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to prepare Tamoxifen loaded Nanosponge gel for Sustained release of drug, increase the drug solubility, and increase the drug permeability, to reduce the dosing frequency and side effects. The FTIR studies proved that there were no interactions between the drug and Polymers. Homogenization technique followed by centrifugation was employed to prepare Nanosponge using various polymers. The formulation were prepared using different Polymers (hydroxy Ethyl cellulose and PVA) in different ratios (Drug: Polymer–1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4 and 1:4.5) Using dichloromethane as cross linker as well as solvent. The formulations were characterized for drug entrapment efficiency. The Drug content of the formulations was observed to be from 62.90 to 95.94. The entrapment efficiency was found to be 68.97 to 99.44. The highest entrapment efficiency was observed with 98.68 and 99.44 for the formulations F4 and F8. The particle size analysis done by Malvern Zeta sizer showed that the average particle size of Tamoxifen loaded Nanosponge F3 average particle size of Tamoxifen loaded Nanosponge is 91.34nm and the poly dispersity index was found to be 0.196 and F8 average particle size of Tamoxifen Nanosponge F7 was 201.34nm and the poly dispersity index was found to be0.178. The in-vitro release of Tamoxifen Nanosponge optimized formulation F4 was found to be 46.39 % and F8was 45.56 % at the end of 24 hours. The drug content of the Gel G1and G2 was found to be 84 % and 81 % respectively. The in-vitro release of Doxorubicin Nanosponge Gel formulation G1 was found to be 28.77% and G2 was 22.12 % at the end of 24hours. The pH of the gels G1 and G2 was found to be 4.98 and 4.82 respectively. The Viscosity of the gels G1 and G2 was found to be 2.839x10 cps and 2.823x10 cps respectively. Both of the optimized formulations of the respected drugs followed first order release kinetics with hi-guchi mechanism. In-vivo test performed showed that the both the formulations of respected drugs able to retain the drug for prolonged periods of time to provide stable drug release and bioavailability","PeriodicalId":233230,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Pharmacy And Health Research","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132368081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}