Iván Marín-Franch, Paul H Artes, Sampson L Abu, Lyne Racette
{"title":"Combined Probability Test for Sectoral Progression of the Circumpapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness.","authors":"Iván Marín-Franch, Paul H Artes, Sampson L Abu, Lyne Racette","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.4","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Optical coherence tomography has become a widely used tool to assess structural changes at the optic nerve head and the peripapillary retina. Often, global analyses are supplemented with sectoral analyses, but it is unclear how to control specificity as trend analyses are conducted on a larger number of sectors. We introduce a random permutation analysis for a combined probability test of progression in circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness applied to different number of sectors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A series of seven cpRNFL scans were extracted for 428 eyes of 255 patients with glaucoma from the DIGS/ADAGES dataset. The combined probability test was run for 2k sectors, where k = 0, ⋯, 8 in addition to the maximum possible number of pixels, 768. Positive rates were derived for specificity ranging from 100% to 85%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 95% specificity, the positive rate for 768 pixels was 41% [37%, 46%]. The positive rates for global thickness, and for 12 sectors, were statistically significantly smaller (28% and 35%, respectively). Positive rates remained at the observed maximum until the number of sectors fell below 128.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The permutation of cpRNFL thickness profiles makes it possible to detect highly localized change in cpRNFL profiles from optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Glaucoma-related changes in the optic nerve fiber layer are often localized rather than global. Permutation analysis provides a framework to detect such changes without sacrificing specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Near-Real Surgical Specimens (NRSS): A Novel Platform for Standardized Assessment of Suprachoroidal Drug Delivery.","authors":"Vinit B Mahajan, Yoreh Barak, David R P Almeida","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.6","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Suprachoroidal (SC) drug delivery is a promising avenue for treating posterior segment ocular diseases. Current ex vivo models, primarily human cadaveric eyes, are limited by tissue variability and altered post-mortem fluid dynamics. We introduce near-real surgical specimens (NRSS), an engineered ocular tissue platform, to overcome these limitations and provide standardized, reproducible evaluation of SC drug delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NRSS ocular models were engineered with biomimetic properties calibrated to fresh human tissue. Suprachoroidal injections of a contrast-enhanced balanced salt solution (100 µL) were performed in NRSS specimens (n = 8) using the Everads Suprachoroidal Injector, which features a 30-gauge needle and a non-sharp nitinol tissue separator for tangential blunt dissection into the suprachoroidal space (SCS). An integrated contrast imaging system enabled real-time visualization. Key parameters, including SC coverage patterns, interspecimen variability (coefficient of variation [CV]), and injection dynamics, were quantified and compared to published human cadaveric eye data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NRSS platform demonstrated consistent SC coverage patterns. With the Everads Suprachoroidal Injector, injectate exhibited an initial posterior diffusion from the injection site, followed by postero-circumferential spread. NRSS specimens showed significantly reduced inter-specimen variability in SC coverage compared to reported cadaveric studies (CV: 6.8% for NRSS vs. 17.7% for cadaveric tissue; P < 0.01). Real-time visualization provided detailed insights into the dynamic characteristics of SC injection, including fluid flow patterns and tissue interactions not readily observable in static cadaveric models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The NRSS platform offers a reproducible and standardized method for evaluating SC drug delivery, closely mimicking clinically relevant biomechanical properties. It enables direct visualization of injection dynamics and holds potential for customization to model pathologic conditions, providing distinct advantages over traditional cadaveric models for device testing, therapeutic assessment, and surgical training. The Everads Suprachoroidal Injector demonstrated effective and reliable access to the SCS in NRSS models with a characteristic posterior-first spread pattern.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>NRSS technology addresses critical limitations in current SC injection assessment models. It provides a robust, standardized platform for optimizing delivery devices, quantitatively evaluating novel therapeutics, and enhancing surgical training for SC procedures, thereby potentially accelerating the clinical translation of SC therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sukanya Jaiswal, Blanka Golebiowski, Meagan Porter, Ha T Duong, Michele C Madigan, Fay H Johnston, Isabelle Jalbert
{"title":"Wildfire Smoke Induces Eye Surface Inflammation and Tear Film Changes in a Human Experimental Model.","authors":"Sukanya Jaiswal, Blanka Golebiowski, Meagan Porter, Ha T Duong, Michele C Madigan, Fay H Johnston, Isabelle Jalbert","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.13","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the short-term impact of exposure to smoke from vegetation burns on ocular surface symptoms and signs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Woody bushfuels were burnt in an enclosed room (Flammability Laboratory, University of Tasmania, Australia) to generate particulate matter and monitored in real time (Dust Trak II). Eighteen participants (aged 20-63 years, 8 males and 10 females) fitted with respirators were seated 1.5 m from the burn for 15 minutes. Clinical ocular surface measurements were conducted in the right eye. Tears were collected from the left eye and analyzed for the cytokine interleukin-1β (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Pre- and postexposure differences were analyzed using paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Associations between symptoms and signs were analyzed using Spearman's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or smaller exposure was 1903 µg/m3. After smoke exposure, an increase in symptoms (median change, 2; interquartile range [IQR], 1-6; P = 0.001), ocular surface staining (median change, 1; IQR, 0-1; P = 0.007), limbal redness (mean change, 0.28 ± 0.36; P = 0.02), palpebral conjunctival redness (mean change, 0.35 ± 0.36; P = 0.009), palpebral conjunctival roughness (mean change, 0.3 ± 0.4; P = 0.046), and decrease in tear breakup time (mean change. 1.4 ± 2.6 seconds; P = 0.03) occurred. The change in bulbar conjunctival redness correlated with the change in dryness symptoms (r = 0.70; P = 0.001). The interleukin-1β concentration increased in the majority of participants post exposure (median change, 6.6 pg/mL; IQR, 2.2-21.1 pg/mL; P = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that short-term wildfire smoke directly and adversely affects the ocular surface and induces symptoms.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study used a unique enclosed experimental laboratory to simulate ocular exposure to wildfire smoke and demonstrates the need to elucidate the role of anti-inflammatory therapies in mitigating the impact of smoke on the ocular surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Diagnostic Nomograms Using Corneal Nerve Parameters for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Qincheng Qiao, Juan Cao, Xinguo Hou","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.29","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), lacks effective diagnostic tools. This study aimed to develop a nomogram that integrates corneal nerve parameters for individualized DPN risk prediction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 111 patients with T2DM and 110 healthy controls were enrolled. All participants underwent bilateral corneal confocal microscopy (CCM). High-quality images were selected by four blinded investigators. Corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD), and corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) were quantified using ACCMetrics and AiCCMetrics software. Diagnostic models-including single- and multi-parameter models-and a nomogram incorporating CNFL, CNBD, CNFD, and age were developed. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis with 500 bootstrap resamples, calibration curves, decision curve analysis, and clinical impact curves. Sensitivity analyses assessed robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with DPN were significantly older (P = 0.005). CNFL and CNFD were higher in the DPN- group (P < 0.05), whereas CNBD showed no group difference. Single-parameter models yielded area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.495 to 0.727, whereas multivariate models demonstrated improved performance with AUCs between 0.737 and 0.782. In the nomogram, CNFL and CNFD were protective factors, whereas CNBD paradoxically increased DPN risk. The model demonstrated good discrimination, calibration, clinical utility, and robustness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A nomogram combining multiple corneal nerve parameters may outperform single-parameter models, thereby representing a potential tool for DPN risk stratification in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>The corneal nerve-based nomogram may assist in personalized DPN risk prediction and holds potential translational value for individuals with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonios Giannopoulos, Ludvig J Backman, Patrik Danielson
{"title":"Tissue Architecture Modulates Compositional and Structural Properties of Corneal Myofibroblast-Derived Matrix.","authors":"Antonios Giannopoulos, Ludvig J Backman, Patrik Danielson","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.9","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop an in vitro model that mimics aspects of corneal healing in humans for uncovering key mechanisms involved in the mechanisms involved in the healing and scarring processes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the healing matrix, TGF-β1-induced and corneal-derived myofibroblasts were cultured in fibrin hydrogels with configurations that recapitulate the healthy (aligned) and wounded (random) microenvironment of the cornea.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evaluation of cellular alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen hybridizing peptide (CHP) showed cell and matrix alignment, respectively. The aligned compared to the random constructs demonstrated an increased ability to synthesize total soluble proteins, including collagen type V, but collagen type I levels were reduced. This finding reveals a differential pattern for these proteins. Additionally, the collagen fibril diameters were larger in the aligned tissue constructs compared to the random constructs. Fibronectin and CHP colocalization patterns did not differ between groups; however, fibronectin and decorin were increased in the aligned group in contrast to tenascin C, which showed no difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the alignment of the healing microenvironment plays a crucial role in modulating the structural properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulates the synthesis of key proteins that are closely involved in fibrillogenesis and are indicative of the quality of the deposited ECM.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>We developed a three-dimensional in vitro model that closely mimics in vivo conditions to investigate the role of corneal myofibroblasts in healing and regeneration. Ultimately, this model can help develop targeted antifibrotic therapies to prevent corneal scarring.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Periplaneta americana Extract on Corneal Fibrosis and Epithelial Healing After Rabbit Lamellar Keratectomy.","authors":"Yijing Li, Liting Zhu, Zheng Yuan, Chunyang Zhou","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.1","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate Periplaneta americana extract (PAE) effects on corneal epithelial healing and fibrosis after superficial lamellar keratectomy (SLK) in rabbits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SLK was performed on the right eyes of 48 New Zealand White rabbits, randomized into three treatment groups (n = 16/group): normal saline (NS), Tobradex eye drops (TE), and PAE group. Corneal opacity and epithelial defect area were quantified using slit-lamp imaging at postoperative days 3, 7, 14, and 28 (D3, D7, D14, and D28) and scored via the grading system. We performed histopathological analysis to visualize tissue structure and immunohistochemistry (IHC) localize and quantify TGF-β1 protein in corneal tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant intergroup differences in corneal epithelial defect area and opacity were observed on D3 and D7 (all P < 0.05). The TE group exhibited the largest epithelial defects but mildest corneal opacity, whereas the PAE group demonstrated the smallest epithelial defects and significantly reduced opacity compared to the NS group (P < 0.05). Time-dependent variations in epithelial defect area were noted across all groups (P < 0.05). The NS and TE groups displayed progressive corneal opacity increases, whereas the opacity of the PAE group peaked at D7 before declining. Histological analysis revealed epithelial detachment, stromal edema, and inflammatory infiltration in all groups, with the TE group showing milder inflammation. TGF-β1 expression levels initially increased followed by a decline in the NS and PAE groups, in contrast to the inverse trend of the TE group. No statistically significant differences in late-phase corneal opacity or TGF-β1 levels were observed between groups (all P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During the early phase after SLK, PAE accelerated corneal tissue regeneration, inhibited corneal scarring, and partially restored corneal clarity. This biphasic regulatory effect may be attributed to promoting TGF-β1 expression in the early stage, followed by its inhibition in the later stages.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>PAE modulates TGF-β1 to balance corneal healing and fibrosis as a novel topical corticosteroid alternative, warranting human trials for its dual-phase healing/scarring action.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minjie Chen, Stefan Bäurle, Marcus Karlstetter, Xianni Simmons, Stefanie Seo, Samuel C Yiu
{"title":"P2X4 Receptor Antagonist Ameliorates Ocular Pain in Rats After Lacrimal Gland Removal.","authors":"Minjie Chen, Stefan Bäurle, Marcus Karlstetter, Xianni Simmons, Stefanie Seo, Samuel C Yiu","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.11","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purinergic receptor P2X4 is critical to transduction of ocular pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of the P2X4 receptor antagonist BAY-776 in alleviating chronic ocular pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Chronic ocular pain was induced in male rats (8-9 weeks old; n = 12 per group) via double lacrimal gland removal (DLGR). Rats were randomly assigned to receive vehicle control, 1.0 mg/mL BAY-776, or 2.5 mg/mL BAY-776 eyedrops after DLGR. Treatment efficacy was assessed with blink tests, wipe tests, and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) at pre- and postsurgical baselines and 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. Corneal subbasal nerve plexus (SNP) density and inflammatory cells were quantified by IVCM image analysis and immunohistochemical staining. Efficacies of 2.5 mg/mL BAY-776 and 0.05% cyclosporine were also compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with vehicle control, BAY-776 at both concentrations significantly reduced wipe and blink responses (P < 0.01). BAY-776 mitigated the increases in corneal SNP and inflammatory cell density after DLGR (P < 0.01). Notably, BAY-776 at 2.5 mg/mL reduced wipe test scores and inflammatory cell density at levels comparable to those of 0.05% cyclosporine (P < 0.001). Although cyclosporine did not significantly affect the blink test compared with vehicle, it reduced SNP density compared with BAY-776 (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that BAY-776 effectively reduced chronic ocular pain in rats, showing efficacy similar to that of cyclosporine and underscoring its therapeutic potential for managing ocular pain.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>These results suggest that BAY-776 may be a promising option for managing chronic ocular pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicola Valsecchi, Elham Sadeghi, Elli Davis, Mohammed Nasar Ibrahim, Nasiq Hasan, Sandeep Chandra Bollepalli, Sumit Randhir Singh, Luigi Fontana, Jose Alain Sahel, Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina, Jay Chhablani
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Choroidal Vessels Assessment in Fellow Eyes of Patients With Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.","authors":"Nicola Valsecchi, Elham Sadeghi, Elli Davis, Mohammed Nasar Ibrahim, Nasiq Hasan, Sandeep Chandra Bollepalli, Sumit Randhir Singh, Luigi Fontana, Jose Alain Sahel, Kiran Kumar Vupparaboina, Jay Chhablani","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.10","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate choroidal vasculature using a novel three-dimensional algorithm in fellow eyes of patients with unilateral chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with unilateral cCSC were retrospectively included. Automated choroidal segmentation was conducted using a deep-learning ResUNet model. Phansalkar thresholding was applied to binarize choroidal vasculature, and three-dimensional maps were created. Mean choroidal vessel diameter, intervessel distance, choroidal thickness, and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were measured. Linear mixed models were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty unilateral cCSC eyes, 22 fellow, and 26 controls were included. Both cCSC and fellow eyes exhibited significant higher mean choroidal vessel diameter compared with controls (362.50 ± 83.23 µm, 276.84 ± 26.89 µm, and 233.28 ± 28.18 µm, respectively; P < 0.001), and in choroidal thickness (288.90 ± 64.77 µm, 269.76 ± 71.17 µm, and 223.97 ± 43.40 µm, respectively; P = 0.001). The intervessel distance was reduced in cCSC and fellow eyes compared with controls (196.53 ± 23.58 µm, 225.05 ± 33.72 µm, and 264.13 ± 46.06 µm, respectively; P < 0.001). Although lower, the CVI was not significantly different in cCSC and fellow eyes compared with controls (38.14 ± 5.55%, 37.23 ± 6.41%, and 40.65 ± 3.53%, respectively; P = 0.066), indicating a possible trend toward a lower CVI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Three-dimensional representation of choroidal vasculature revealed significant changes in both cCSC and fellow eyes, including a larger diameter and reduced spacing compared with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Using a validated deep learning-based three-dimensional method, we observed changes in the choroidal vasculature in both CSC and fellow eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diurnal Variations in Anterior Segment Parameters in Different Grades of Patients With Keratoconus.","authors":"Jinxuan Xiahou, Rui Ning, Shuoyu Xu, Kexin Li, Ingemar Gustafsson, Yiran Wang, Xinning Yang, Xingtao Zhou, Jinhai Huang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.15","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the diurnal variations in anterior segment parameters among patients with keratoconus (KC) and to compare these variations across different severity levels of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 82 patients with KC were included in the study. Corneal parameters were measured at 08:30, 11:30, 14:30, 17:30, and 20:30 using the Pentacam HR (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). The eyes were graded as mild, moderate, or severe KC according to the Topographical Keratoconus Classification system. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to assess the normality of the data distribution. Diurnal variations in these parameters were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant diurnal variations were found in central corneal thickness (CCT) and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) in patients with KC. The mean amplitude of change between 08:30 and 11:30 was 5.73 µm for CCT and 5.83 µm for TCT. These variations were significant in mild to moderate KC but not in severe KC. In addition, corneal volume showed significant diurnal variations in all KC, while keratometry and anterior chamber depth did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights that significant diurnal variation in corneal and anterior chamber parameters, specifically CCT and TCT, is prominent in patients with KC, especially those with mild and moderate disease severity.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>The results of the diurnal variation patterns of anterior segment parameters in patients with KC contribute to the evaluation of surgical safety and the assessment of follow-up progression. These research findings provide a basis for clinicians to better manage the condition of patients with KC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multidimensional Quantification of Macular Cone Activity in Pattern Electroretinography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform.","authors":"Yousif J Shwetar, Melissa A Haendel","doi":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.17","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.14.9.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate discrete wavelet transform (DWT) features as quantitative biomarkers of macular cone function from pattern electroretinography (PERG) in macular-predominant inherited retinal diseases (mpIRDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 486 PERG recordings from 123 participants were obtained from the PERG-Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology open-access data set and analyzed. Twenty mother wavelets were screened with an energy-to-entropy ratio criterion; six (haar, sym2, sym4, db4, coif1, fk4) were retained for feature generation. After feature cleaning and correlation pruning, a final set of 141 features was obtained and averaged per participant to avoid visit bias. Group separation was assessed with nonparametric statistics. Inverse-DWT signal reconstruction was performed with the sym2 wavelet to algorithmically determine time-frequency indices needed to preserve N35, P50, and N95 peaks. The smallest set of indices that achieved this was retained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sym2-D6-2 (38-75 ms, 13-27 Hz) emerged as the top discriminative feature (res = 0.644, common-language effect size = 0.875) and correlated strongly with the clinical macular cone marker |P50-N35| (rcorr = 0.95) across 67 normal participants (262 recordings). Compared with |P50-N35|, the same index showed tighter, nonoverlapping group distributions, a higher diagnostic area under the curve (0.875 vs. 0.835), and a larger effect size (res = 0.644 vs. 0.576).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DWT-derived time-frequency features, particularly sym2-D6-2, provide robust, multidimensional biomarkers of macular cone function. These quantitative endpoints hold promise for monitoring disease progression and evaluating therapeutics in mpIRDs.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Sym2-D6-2 provides an objective metric of macular cone function that could serve as a quantitative endpoint in mpIRD trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"14 9","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}