Translational Vision Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic Window of AAV-SIRT1 Gene Therapy in Mouse Models of Optic Nerve Degeneration.","authors":"Brahim Chaqour, Jennifer C Pham, Jipeng Yue, Kimberly Dine, Fangming Jin, Gui-Shuang Ying, Jean Bennett, Kenneth S Shindler, Ahmara G Ross","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.17","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Optic neuropathies involve progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, leading to irreversible vision deficits. While pretreatment with drugs or gene therapy that upregulate sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase, has shown neuroprotective effects, its effectiveness when administered after disease onset remains uncertain. We investigated whether adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated SIRT1 overexpression in RGCs can provide post-onset neuroprotection in preclinical models of optic neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RGC degeneration was induced in C57BL/6 mice (8-10/group) using two models: elevated intraocular pressure via intracameral magnetic microbeads (glaucoma model), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunization to induce optic neuritis in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE model). Mice received intravitreal injections of either control AAV2 or AAV2-SIRT1, which drives SIRT1 expression under the γ-synuclein promoter. Treatment was delivered either 2 weeks before, at, or 1 week after disease onset. We assessed RGC survival and function by immunolabeled RGC counting and optokinetic response, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intraocular pressure elevation and EAE induction reduced RGC counts and optokinetic response. In the glaucoma model, AAV2-SIRT1 administered before or after onset preserved visual function and increased RGC survival. In the EAE model, SIRT1 therapy significantly increased RGC survival at all time points, although visual function was not significantly improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SIRT1 gene therapy confers robust RGC neuroprotection and potentially preserves visual function when delivered before or after disease onset in the models of ocular hypertension and optic neuritis.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Our study underscores the translational relevance of SIRT1-based interventions and suggests their potential to avert vision loss in optic neuropathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Albuminuria in Diabetic Patients Using Retinal Microvascular Metrics on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.","authors":"Jae Shin Song, Shubham Borghare, Seoyoon Choi, Sang Jun Park, Soo Lim, Sejoong Kim, Se Joon Woo","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.9","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the association between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in adults with diabetes and to evaluate the incremental predictive value of OCTA-derived retinal microvascular metrics using machine learning-based models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included adults with diabetes who underwent systemic evaluation and OCTA imaging. Vessel density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics were quantified from OCTA images. DN severity was classified based on the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Associations between OCTA parameters and albuminuria were assessed using regression analyses. For prediction of albuminuria, machine learning models were trained using clinical variables alone and with the addition of OCTA parameters, and model performance was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 388 eyes were analyzed. VD and PD decreased progressively with increasing albuminuria severity (all P < 0.015), whereas central OCTA measurements and FAZ metrics did not significantly differ across groups (all P > 0.10). In regression analyses, higher UACR was associated with reduced VD and PD in the central, outer, and whole regions (all P < 0.05), while marginal associations were observed in the inner region. In machine learning analyses, inclusion of OCTA parameters improved albuminuria prediction in four of the six algorithms (Δ area under the curve [AUC], 0.002-0.027), with the highest performance observed for the decision tree classifier (AUC, 0.754; 95% confidence interval, 0.620-0.865).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OCTA parameters are significantly associated with albuminuria in diabetes, and their inclusion in predictive models improves albuminuria identification, supporting OCTA as a noninvasive complementary tool for early detection of DN.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>OCTA can be integrated into clinical practice as a noninvasive method for early detection of DN, aiding in timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Changes in Iris Vessel Area Density During Valsalva Maneuver in Healthy Eyes.","authors":"Yuanfang Shi, Yanwen Fang, Yating Tang, Yi Lu, Xiangjia Zhu, Yinglei Zhang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.4","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify changes in iris vessel area density (VAD) during the Valsalva maneuver (VM) and explore their associations with anterior segment parameters in healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cross-sectional study included 82 healthy volunteers, with one eye randomly selected for analysis. Iris VAD was quantified at baseline and during VM using optical coherence tomography angiography. Anterior segment parameters and intraocular pressure (IOP) were also assessed under both conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to baseline, significant reductions in total iris VAD were observed during VM (P = 0.029), with more pronounced decreases in the inner and outer iris regions (both P < 0.010). Concurrently, VM led to a significant elevation in IOP (P < 0.001), reductions in anterior chamber depth (P = 0.020) and volume (P < 0.001), and an increase in crystalline lens rise (P = 0.004). During VM, smaller values were observed in scleral spur angle (SSA500, P = 0.006; SSA750, P = 0.002), angle opening distance (AOD500, P = 0.014; AOD750, P = 0.001), anterior chamber angle (ACA750, P = 0.013), and trabecular-iris space area (TISA750, P = 0.004). Regression analysis revealed that axial length (AL), changes in TISA750, and changes in lens thickness were associated with VM-induced iris VAD changes (all P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VM reduced iris microcirculation in healthy individuals, particularly in those with shorter AL, accompanied by structural anterior segment changes.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>This study provides microvascular evidence of VM-induced iris hypoperfusion and suggests that hemodynamic mechanisms contribute to anterior segment alterations during VM.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Scan Protocols on Quantitative Microvascular Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Wenjun Song, Ryan Zi Lin Tan, Ayush Jayakrishnan, Hnin Hnin Oo, Lingyi Zhuang, Wei Hing Seah, Yusra Asad, Jun Ting Yeo, Sowkath Ali, Tai Yong Loh, Juling Sia, Pavan Paniharam, Ser Koon Goh, Peiqi Lo, Colin Ming Hui Goh, Jia Jia Mah, Yue Qiu, Rupesh Agrawal, Nicola Yi'an Gan, Yali Jia, Philip J Rosenfeld, Sandy Wenting Zhou","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.18","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scan protocols on quantitative measurements of diabetic retinopathy (DR) biomarkers and their diagnostic performance for DR staging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 110 eyes from 74 treatment-naïve patients with DR underwent OCTA imaging using 6 × 6 mm, 12 × 12 mm, and 29 × 24 mm scan protocols. OCTA biomarkers, including nonperfusion index (NPI), intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMAs) counts, and neovascularization (NV) counts, were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis evaluated performance for discriminating proliferative DR (PDR) from nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and advanced-stage DR (severe NPDR and PDR) from early-stage DR (mild-moderate NPDR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NPI and IRMA counts increased with wider scan protocols across DR severities, with higher NV detection in PDR on wider scans. NPI showed higher performance with 29 × 24 mm scans in discriminating PDR from NPDR (0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.79-0.93) and advanced from early DR (0.92; 95% CI = 0.88-0.97) compared with smaller scan protocols. In 6 × 6 mm scans, the combined NPI and IRMA counts outperformed NPI for discriminating advanced from early DR (0.87; 95% CI = 0.81-0.94 vs. 0.81; 95% CI = 0.72-0.89) and PDR from NPDR (0.82; 95% CI = 0.74-0.91 vs. 0.73; 95% CI = 0.62-0.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wider scan protocols captured greater burden of nonperfusion and microvascular abnormalities. NPI serves as a robust standalone biomarker across protocols. When imaging is limited to smaller fields, combining NPI and IRMA counts improves staging performance.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>OCTA scan protocol selection influences quantitative assessment of DR biomarkers and may guide imaging strategies for clinical staging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refined Four-Layer Peripapillary OCTA Enables Layer-Specific Localization of Microvascular Alterations in Retinal Vein Occlusion.","authors":"Jinlian Zhan, Genming Liang, Xia Huang, Haichun Li, Lin Lu, Xiujuan Zhao","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.23","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate whether refined four-layer anatomical stratification of the peripapillary microvasculature improves anatomical localization, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)-based discriminative performance, and functional interpretation in newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve retinal vein occlusion (RVO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 186 eyes (72 RVO-affected, 72 fellow, and 42 healthy eyes). Peripapillary microvasculature was quantified across three hierarchical dimensions: global (Dim 1), two-layer (Dim 2), and a refined four-layer model (Dim 3: RPC, SVP, ICP, and DCP). Microvascular metrics, including vessel density (VD), fractal dimension (FD), perfusion area (PA), vessel length density (VLD), and vessel diameter index (VDI), were quantified. Discriminative performance was assessed with area under the curve (AUC) and AIC, whereas functional associations with visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated using regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Standardized disease contrasts for VD were -0.57 in the global inner retina, -0.83 in the conventional deep vascular complex (DVC), and -0.79 in the DCP. Corresponding FD contrasts were -0.07, -0.39, and -0.39, respectively, indicating that DCP isolation did not increase standardized disease contrast beyond the conventional DVC. However, refined four-layer stratification improved anatomical localization of deep-layer abnormalities and enhanced OCTA-based discriminative performance (AUC: VD, 0.636 to 0.826; FD, 0.603 to 0.807; both P < 0.05). FD-based models showed stronger associations with BCVA (adjusted R², 0.021 to 0.211), with DCP-related metrics contributing substantially to model performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Refined four-layer peripapillary OCTA enables more specific localization of layer-related abnormalities in RVO. Although DCP isolation did not increase standardized disease contrast beyond the conventional DVC, DCP-resolved metrics, particularly FD, may provide complementary information regarding vascular network organization and visual function.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Plexus-resolved peripapillary OCTA may support more anatomically specific characterization of RVO-related microvascular abnormalities and provide a methodological framework for future longitudinal and externally validated studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13676232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Strabismus Surgery on Anterior Segment Hemodynamics: An SS AS-OCTA-Based Study.","authors":"Longxiang Huang, Lanbing An, Weidong Zheng","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.7","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate anterior segment (AS) hemodynamic changes after horizontal rectus muscle surgery using swept-source AS optical coherence tomography angiography (SS AS-OCTA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 99 patients undergoing unilateral horizontal rectus muscle surgery, classified into unilateral recession (UR) and recession-resection (RR) groups. Iris and conjunctival perfusion area (PA), microvascular density (MVD), and vascular density (VD) were measured preoperatively and at postoperative day 1, week 1, and month 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Iris changes were mild and localized after UR, whereas RR induced broader and transient increases in iris VD and other hemodynamic parameters, most evident at 1 day and 1 week and approaching baseline by 1 month. Conjunctival changes were more pronounced, particularly in operated quadrants, where PA and VD increased early after surgery. Non-operated quadrants also showed increased vascular parameters, suggesting possible redistribution of detectable vascular signals. Higher preoperative iris VD was associated with smaller postoperative changes. No clinically apparent anterior segment ischemia (ASI) was observed during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Horizontal rectus muscle surgery induces distinct but largely transient AS hemodynamic alterations, with greater changes after RR than UR. SS AS-OCTA enables noninvasive quantitative assessment of perioperative changes in AS vascular signals.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>SS AS-OCTA may be most useful for studying reoperations, multiple-muscle or transposition procedures, and patients at increased risk of AS ischemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Room Illumination on Corneal Densitometry.","authors":"Miriam Esteban-Burgués, Ana R Arizcuren, Cristina Pelayo, Alejandra Consejo","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.2","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of room illumination on corneal densitometry measurements obtained with Scheimpflug imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and on corneal geometric parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five healthy participants (50 eyes) were imaged under four controlled illumination conditions: extreme scotopic (0.003 lx), dim-light/mesopic (30 lx), low photopic (130 lx), and moderate photopic (220 lx) conditions. Corneal densitometry was quantified as the mean pixel intensity for both the Scheimpflug and the OCT images, with speckle contrast additionally computed for the OCT images. Corneal geometry (central corneal thickness and keratometry readings defined as corneal power in the flattest [K1] and steepest [K2] meridians) was extracted from Scheimpflug tomography. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the effect of illumination on corneal parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scheimpflug-derived corneal densitometry increased significantly with illumination (P < 0.001), rising from 45.8 ± 4.3 arbitrary units under extreme scotopic conditions to 69.5 ± 11.5 arbitrary units under moderate photopic illumination. Significant differences were observed between all illumination levels (all P < 0.01). In contrast, the OCT-derived mean pixel intensity and speckle contrast remained stable across conditions (P > 0.05). The corneal geometric parameters showed no significant changes with room illumination (all P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Scheimpflug-based corneal densitometry is highly sensitive to room illumination, even within clinically plausible lighting conditions, whereas the OCT-derived metrics are robust to such variations.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Room illumination-induced changes may bias corneal densitometry readings and should be carefully controlled and reported in densitometry studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Retinal Imaging Correlates With Brain Atrophy and Plasma Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Xiaoqian Luan, Jianing Shen, Youjie Wang, Huihua Qiu, Haoran Cheng, Chunwen Zheng, Suqing Hu, Caiyun Wen, Guoquan Cao, William Robert Kwpaong, Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.24","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate retinal structural and microvascular changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and evaluate their associations with neuroimaging markers, plasma biomarkers, and cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 181 participants (95 with AD and 86 cognitively unimpaired controls). AD diagnosis was established according to National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria with positive amyloid-β positron emission tomography imaging. Retinal structure and microvasculature were assessed using swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Cortical thickness and gray matter volume were quantified using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Plasma Aβ42 and phosphorylated tau-217 (p-tau217) were measured, and cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with controls, patients with AD demonstrated reduced retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), inner nuclear layer, and outer retinal layer thicknesses, together with lower superficial vascular complex (SVC) and deep vascular complex densities (all P < 0.001). GCIPL thickness and SVC density were associated with cortical atrophy in AD-vulnerable regions, including temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Lower plasma Aβ42 levels were associated with reduced retinal layer thickness and vascular density, whereas higher p-tau217 levels were associated with reduced outer retinal layer thickness and SVC density. GCIPL thickness showed the strongest association with cognitive performance, while lower SVC density was associated with poorer MoCA scores. APOE ε4 carriers exhibited greater GCIPL thinning, reduced retinal vascular density, and more extensive cortical abnormalities despite similar plasma Aβ42 and p-tau217 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Retinal neuronal and microvascular alterations are associated with AD-related molecular pathology, cerebral neurodegeneration, APOE ε4-related vulnerability, and cognitive impairment. OCT/OCTA may provide a noninvasive adjunct approach for characterizing neurodegenerative and neurovascular changes in AD.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Retinal imaging may provide a scalable and noninvasive approach for detecting and monitoring AD pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microperimetry Sensitivity Changes at the Functional Transition Zone and at the EZ Margins in X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Treated With Gene Therapy.","authors":"Muhammad Usman Jamil, A Yasin Alibhai, Darin Curtiss, Lucas R De Pretto, Antonio Yaghy, Jungeun Won, David G Birch, Nadia K Waheed","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.10","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.10.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the structure-function relationship between the photoreceptor ellipsoid zone (EZ) and functional transition zone (FTZ) in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) eyes treated with gene therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a post-hoc analysis of the Skyline trial, baseline OCT volumes were segmented to generate an en-face map of intact EZ, and after registration with microperimetry (MP) image, the transformed EZ map was used to delineate the EZ margin. FTZ was defined by microperimetry absolute scotomatous points. Non-scotomatous loci adjacent to FTZ, and inside the EZ margin, were analyzed. We quantified the percentage of loci with ≥7 dB sensitivity improvements over 12 months and the average treatment effect (ATE; difference in mean sensitivity change between treated and untreated eyes).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four eyes (12 treated, 12 untreated; seven high-dose, five low-dose) were analyzed. Baseline distance to the EZ margin did not correlate with loci achieving ≥7 dB improvement at month 12 in either dose group. High-dose eyes showed a higher mean percentage of loci with ≥7 dB improvement than untreated eyes for the entire grid, but not on regional analysis. High-dose subjects also showed higher ATE than untreated eyes in all retinal zones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High-dose AAV-RPGR gene therapy was associated with improved MP outcomes and greater ATE inside FTZ and intact EZ; however, loci with ≥7 dB improvement did not correlate with baseline EZ margin distance, highlighting challenges in prespecifying localized ≥7 dB changes.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Identifying and selecting retinal regions that are likely to show sensitivity improvements may benefit future clinical trials of ocular gene therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 10","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axial Length-Associated Structural and Microvascular Retinal Changes in Myopia: A Combined OCT and OCTA Analysis.","authors":"Kristina Belcheva, Nikolai Dakov, Alexander Oscar, Stanislava Kostova","doi":"10.1167/tvst.15.9.1","DOIUrl":"10.1167/tvst.15.9.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate associations between axial length (AL) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) parameters, including vessel density (VD) in the superficial and deep macular plexuses, radial peripapillary capillary plexus, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study included 160 eyes from 160 participants, divided into four AL groups: <24.00, 24.00-24.99, 25.00-25.99, and ≥26.00 mm. The OCT/OCTA parameters were analyzed. Group differences were assessed using Kruskal-Wallis tests with Bonferroni-corrected post hoc pairwise comparisons. Associations between AL and OCT/OCTA parameters were evaluated using correlation and regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing AL was associated with superior and inferior peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) thinning, with decreases of -2.24 µm and -3.29 µm per 1-mm AL increase, respectively (P < 0.05). The nasal pRNFL quadrant showed a positive association with AL. RPC VD demonstrated weaker associations, with limited sectoral differences. In the macula, VD decreased as AL increased, with more consistent associations in the deep capillary plexus. Each 1-mm AL increase was associated with 0.29% reduction in the superficial VD and 0.52% reduction in the deep VD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Axial elongation in myopia is associated with region-specific pRNFL changes and reduced macular VD, particularly in the deep capillary plexus. Peripapillary vascular changes were relatively limited compared with structural pRNFL alterations. These findings suggest a distinct pattern of structural and microvascular changes compared with patterns previously reported in glaucoma, although further validation is needed in studies, including glaucoma cohorts.</p><p><strong>Translational relevance: </strong>Identification of AL-associated OCT/OCTA patterns may improve interpretation of retinal imaging findings in myopic eyes undergoing glaucoma evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23322,"journal":{"name":"Translational Vision Science & Technology","volume":"15 9","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}