Translational pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Beyond ductal closure: interpreting the TREOCAPA trial in the evolving management of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants.","authors":"Aimann Surak, Willem P de Boode","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0817","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2026-0817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory pathogen epidemiology in children under 5 years hospitalized with acute respiratory infections in Qingdao, China: a retrospective, single-center, repeated cross-sectional surveillance study.","authors":"Ying Sun, Yuping Yang, Qiannan Jiang, Xiuxiang Liu, Yongting Guo, Ke Yuan","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) reduced the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) while simultaneously affecting the prevalence of respiratory pathogens to varying degrees. Currently, epidemiological characteristics vary across different regions and among different pathogens, and there is a lack of continuous surveillance data following the outbreak. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of six respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children under the age of 5 years with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in the Qingdao region following the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby providing a reference for developing prevention and treatment strategies for respiratory infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged <5 years who were hospitalized with ARIs between May 1, 2023, and June 30, 2025, were enrolled in this retrospective, single-center, repeated cross-sectional surveillance study. Nucleic acid testing was performed to detect influenza A virus (FluA), influenza B virus (FluB), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human rhinovirus (HRV), and <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (MP). Detection results were analyzed by age group. Between-group comparisons were conducted using the Chi-squared test with Bonferroni correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16,613 cases were included, with an overall pathogen detection rate of 50.62% (8,409/16,613). The three most frequently detected pathogens were RSV (19.74%), MP (16.81%), and HRV (10.97%). RSV demonstrated the highest detection rate in children aged 0-<1 year (25.95%), accounting for 56.37% (1,849/3,280) of all RSV-positive cases. The detection rate of MP increased progressively with age, reaching 35.34% among children aged 4-<5 years. Detection rates for the remaining pathogens were lowest in the 0-<1 year age group. Months with the highest monthly RSV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity were May 2023 (66.46%), January 2024 (43.48%), and April 2025 (42.78%). Months with the highest monthly MP PCR positivity were October 2023 (29.28%) and September 2024 (54.90%), with persistently elevated monthly detection proportions recorded from August 2023 to December 2024. Months with maximal monthly positivity for FluA, RSV, and MP showed visual separation on temporal plots; HRV and MP exhibited concurrent high monthly positivity during October-November 2023.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RSV and MP were the most frequently detected pathogens among the six tested targets in hospitalized children aged <5 years with ARIs in Qingdao, China. Infants aged <1 year exhibited the highest RSV PCR positivity rate, while MP PCR positivity rose progressively with age. Months with maximal RSV and MP detection proportions showed visually separated temporal maxima. FluA and FluB maintained low epidemic intensity throughout the s","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of AI-assisted compressed sensing cine sequence in the assessment of cardiac function in children with Kawasaki disease.","authors":"Xin Zhao, Xihong Hu, Yipu Li, Quanli Shen, Yan Zheng, Chengxiang Lin, Kai Lu, Junpu Hu, Lan He, Chenxi Hu, Guanke Cai, Qiong Yao","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is an important tool for assessing the cardiac structure and function in Kawasaki disease. To perform a prospective analysis comparing the newly developed temporal artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted compressed sensing cine (ACS-cine) and conventional cine (Conv-cine) in the assessment of cardiac function in Kawasaki disease patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 45 patients (35 males), who were scanned using both ACS-cine and Conv-cine sequences. Left and right ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF and RVEF), left and right ventricular end-systolic volumes (LVESV and RVESV), and left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes (LVEDV and RVEDV) were measured. The image quality and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the two methods were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean acquisition time of ACS-cine was significantly shorter than that of Conv-cine (17.18±2.45 <i>vs.</i> 251.12±38.01 seconds, P<0.05). In terms of cardiac function measurements, the median LVEF measured by Conv-cine was higher than that of ACS-cine (63.0% <i>vs.</i> 61.0%, P<0.05), while median LVESV was lower in Conv-cine than in ACS-cine (26.5 <i>vs.</i> 27.9 mL/m², P<0.05). The image quality score of ACS-cine was slightly higher than that of Conv-cine (4.41±0.50 <i>vs.</i> 3.87±0.65, P<0.001). The inter-observer consistency was almost perfect for both ACS-cine (ICC: 0.882-0.978) and Conv-cine (ICC: 0.952-0.991).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ACS-cine technology demonstrates significant time efficiency advantages in CMR with satisfactory image quality, although there are statistically significant differences in the measurement of certain cardiac function parameters (LVEF and LVESV) compared to Conv-cine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prediction of disease chronicity when immune thrombocytopenia is first diagnosed.","authors":"Anselm Chi-Wai Lee","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0739","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical dilemmas and intervention strategies in doctor-patient-family communication in end-of-life pediatric oncology: a narrative review.","authors":"Ju Zheng, Danni Lv, Yiyao Bao","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0680","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Communication in end-of-life pediatric oncology involves ethically sensitive exchanges among healthcare providers, children, and families. The main dilemmas include how to disclose prognosis without abandoning hope, how to balance parents' surrogate authority with the child's evolving participation, and how to align treatment decisions with family values, developmental capacity, and the child's best interests. This narrative review clarifies the conceptual scope of these dilemmas, synthesizes evidence on their psychological, institutional, and sociocultural determinants, and summarizes intervention strategies that may support shared decision-making, advance care planning, family-centered care, and goal-concordant care.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A narrative review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE as the core biomedical database, supplemented by citation chasing and searches of Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and reference lists of key pediatric palliative care publications. The primary search covered January 1, 2015, to March 31, 2026; seminal pre-2015 literature was retained only when it provided foundational ethical or communication concepts. Search concepts included pediatric oncology, childhood cancer, pediatric tumors, end-of-life care, palliative care, communication, truth-telling, shared decision-making, advance care planning, parental decision-making, child autonomy, and ethical dilemmas. The evidence was synthesized thematically rather than statistically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key content and findings: &lt;/strong&gt;The review identified three interrelated ethical communication domains: truth-telling and protective disclosure; parental surrogate decision-making and the child's developing autonomy; and the timing and manner of prognostic and goal-of-care communication. Across the literature, communication challenges are shaped by clinician moral distress and avoidance, family grief and protective instincts, institutional barriers to early palliative care integration, and diverse cultural, religious, and socioeconomic preferences. Intervention evidence remains heterogeneous and is often derived from qualitative, observational, or small-scale training studies. Nevertheless, structured communication training, multidisciplinary family meetings, early pediatric palliative care involvement, ethics consultation, psychological support, and developmentally appropriate child participation appear clinically promising when implemented with attention to family preferences and local context.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethical communication in end-of-life pediatric oncology should be understood as a longitudinal, relational process rather than a single disclosure event. Current evidence supports cautious use of structured communication training, multidisciplinary collaboration, family-centered psychological support, shared decision-making, and advance care planning, but stronger ","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fremanezumab for episodic migraine in children and adolescents: the evolving landscape of CGRP-targeted therapies.","authors":"Paige Kalika, Teshamae S Monteith","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid and immune profiles in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case-control study with paired longitudinal comparison of disease activity.","authors":"Yuerong Wang, Zheqian Li, Tong Cao, Jin Zhou","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0419","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) lacks specific biomarkers for objective disease activity assessment. Conventional inflammatory markers have limited accuracy for monitoring disease fluctuation. Few studies have integrated lipid metabolic and immune parameters to support SoJIA activity assessment, underscoring the need for simple and efficient biomarker combinations. This study aims to characterize differences in immune parameters between children with active SoJIA and healthy controls; compare the lipid profiles among children with active SoJIA, the same children in remission, and healthy controls; and explore the ability of these parameters to discriminate between disease states.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This single-center retrospective case-control study included 63 treatment-naive children newly diagnosed SoJIA (PRINTO 2018 criteria). Remission was defined by ACR/PRINTO criteria, with normal C-reactive protein (CRP) ≤10 mg/L and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ≤20 mm/h. Forty age- and sex-matched healthy children served as controls. Blood was collected after an overnight fast. Immune, cytokine, lipid, and inflammatory markers were measured using standardized clinical laboratory procedures. Cellular immune markers (CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD16⁺CD56⁺, CD19⁺), cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R)], humoral immune indicators [immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement component 3 (C3), complement component 4 (C4)], lipid parameters, CRP, and ESR were measured. The atherogenic index (AI) was calculated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with healthy controls, children with active SoJIA had significantly higher levels of C3, C4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, and ESR; higher proportions of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ T cells; and lower B cells than controls (all P&lt;0.05). Both active and remission patients had lipid abnormalities (lower HDL-C, higher TG and AI), more pronounced during active disease. Total cholesterol (TC) was elevated only in the active group (all P&lt;0.05). Joint swelling and fever were more frequent during active disease than during remission (P&lt;0.05). A CRP + IL-6 + AI model distinguished active SoJIA from controls with exploratory ability (73.0% sensitivity, 95.0% specificity). AI + TG distinguished active from remission disease (area under the curve =0.8650).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Active SoJIA shows prominent immune-inflammatory dysregulation and lipid abnormalities that partially improve with remission. The CRP + IL-6 + AI model showed exploratory ability to distinguish active SoJIA from health, whereas AI alone demonstrated exploratory potential for evaluating disease activity. Adding TG did not significantly improve performance (DeLong test, P=0.80). As only healthy controls were included without disease-mimic groups and models lacked independent validation, these","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of predictive efficacy for prognosis of pediatric severe <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia: a comprehensive study based on high-resolution computed tomography imaging and platelet parameters.","authors":"Xiaoli Zhang, Wenzhuo Liu, Xiaohua Song, Jiawei Hu, Yueqing Chen, Xin Liu, Fuying Nie","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (SMPP) in children can be associated with persistent pulmonary abnormalities and delayed recovery, making early identification of patients at risk of an unfavorable post-discharge physiological outcome clinically important for follow-up planning. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of early high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings and hematologic parameters with a 3-month Pediatric Critical Illness Score (PCIS)-defined physiological outcome in children with SMPP and to explore the internal performance of a parsimonious model combining complementary imaging and hematologic information.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis used a publicly available, de-identified dataset containing 153 children with SMPP, of whom 39 had PCIS <80 three months after discharge. Distribution-appropriate comparative methods were used. Derived platelet ratios were excluded from primary model development to avoid redundancy with their component variables. A parsimonious logistic model incorporated lobar pneumonia, lung consolidation, and platelet count (PLT); PLT was modeled using a 3-knot restricted cubic spline because of evidence of nonlinearity. Internal validation used 1,000 bootstrap resamples. Discrimination, calibration, Brier score, and decision-curve analysis were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lobar pneumonia and lung consolidation were more frequent and PLTs were lower among children with PCIS <80. PLT showed a significant nonlinear association with the outcome. The model had an apparent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.890 [95% bootstrap confidence interval (CI): 0.832-0.940] and an optimism-corrected AUC of 0.877. The apparent and optimism-corrected Brier scores were 0.117 and 0.129, respectively; the optimism-corrected calibration intercept was -0.041 and the calibration slope was 0.890.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early HRCT abnormalities and PLT provided complementary information regarding a 3-month PCIS-defined physiological outcome in this severe-disease cohort. Because of the limited number of outcome events and the absence of external validation, the model should be considered exploratory and should not yet be used as a clinical decision rule.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative and synergistic effects of digital devices and Child Life services in pediatric clinical practice: a systematic review.","authors":"Jia Deng, Liping Wu, Shun Zhang, Liu Jing, Rong Zhang, Yongqi Bai","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Examinations and treatments in pediatric healthcare settings may cause anxiety, fear, and psychological distress among children. Child Life services provide psychosocial support through therapeutic play, procedural preparation, and emotional support to help children cope with medical experiences. Meanwhile, digital devices, including virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), tablet-based applications, and video-based tools, have been increasingly applied to support children during healthcare procedures. However, differences in study populations, intervention designs, and outcome assessments make direct comparisons between digital devices and Child Life services difficult. This review aimed to summarize the clinical applications, reported outcomes, and potential complementary roles of these approaches in pediatric healthcare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, VIP Database, and Wanfang Database for quantitative studies published from January 2015 to June 1, 2026. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and pre-post studies evaluating digital devices and/or Child Life interventions in pediatric healthcare settings. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for RCTs and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quasi-experimental assessment tool. Due to variations in study designs, intervention characteristics, and outcome measures, meta-analysis was not performed, and findings were synthesized narratively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven RCTs were included. Digital devices used alone were associated with reduced anxiety and fear, improved behavioral responses, and increased satisfaction among children. When combined with Child Life support, digital interventions showed additional benefits, including reduced preoperative anxiety, lower caregiver anxiety, and improved cooperation during anesthesia induction. However, heterogeneity among interventions and assessment methods limited direct comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digital devices and Child Life services may serve complementary roles in pediatric healthcare. Digital devices mainly provide immediate support through distraction and engagement, whereas Child Life services focus on preparation, coping, and family support. Combining these approaches may offer additional support for children undergoing healthcare experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal apnea research: a bibliometric analysis of trends, clusters, and paradigm shifts.","authors":"Juandong Yang, Qingyong Zheng, Juan Li, Jijun Qiao, Xiao Tang, Lihong Pang, Lihua Ma","doi":"10.21037/tp-2026-0395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2026-0395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical paradigm for neonatal apnea has shifted profoundly, from managing acute cardiorespiratory events to preventing adverse long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. This evolution has generated a vast and complex body of research, yet a systematic map of its historical trajectory, intellectual structure, and emerging frontiers is currently lacking. This study provides the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the global research landscape of neonatal apnea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publications from the Web of Science Core Collection up to December 31, 2025 were retrieved, with 2,517 articles included for analysis. Co-authorship, citation, and keyword co-occurrence analyses were performed using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix to identify influential contributors, foundational research, and thematic evolution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Research output showed sustained exponential growth (R²=0.8591), led by collaborative hubs in the United States and Australia. The field's intellectual foundation rests on landmark trials of caffeine and non-invasive ventilation, and pivotal studies link intermittent hypoxemia to long-term disability. Thematic analysis revealed five distinct clusters, with a clear temporal evolution from foundational topics (e.g., periodic breathing) toward modern frontiers. Notably, neurodevelopment, machine learning, and the mechanisms of intermittent hypoxia have emerged as the dominant, high-impact research hotspots.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study charts the 46-year evolution of neonatal apnea research, quantitatively mapping its paradigm shift from a focus on acute respiratory control to a deep interrogation of its long-term neurodevelopmental consequences. Our findings provide a data-driven framework that identifies foundational pillars, core research areas, and critical emerging frontiers, offering a valuable compass for future investigation in this vital field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"15 9","pages":"362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13659124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}