Translational pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Retrospective long-term surgical results of internal limiting membrane-sparing vitrectomy for pediatric optic disc pit maculopathy.","authors":"Jing-Hua Liu, Song-Feng Li, Guang-Da Deng, Jing Ma, Liang Li, Mingzhen Yuan, Tianyu Wang, Zhanhan Tu, Runfeng Ma, Hai Lu","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-560","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2024-560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric optic disc pit maculopathy (ODPM) is a rare condition that threatens children's visual development. Current treatments, such as pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, are effective but controversial in pediatric cases due to potential complications. The efficacy and safety of ILM-sparing vitrectomy in pediatric ODPM patients remain underexplored. This case series evaluates the outcomes of ILM-sparing vitrectomy in pediatric ODPM patients, providing insights into its potential benefits and complications.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This retrospective study included four pediatric patients with ODPM who underwent ILM-sparing vitrectomy. The average patient age was 7.75±3.77 years (range 5-13 years). Preoperatively, all four eyes had retinal detachment involving the central macula. The mean follow-up duration was 29.75±4.57 months (range 25-35 months). Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was LogMAR 1.18±0.67 (range 0.3-1.7). Twelve months postoperatively, BCVA improved to LogMAR 0.1±0.08 (range 0.1-0.2) and remained stable between 12 and 24 months. Central macular thickness (CMT) also improved from a mean preoperative CMT of 969.75±56.28 to 265.25±34.35 µm at 24 months postoperatively. All four eyes achieved total macular attachment at 12 months postoperatively. Two patients experienced transient postoperative high intraocular pressure, but no recurrent subretinal fluid (SRF) or full-thickness macular holes were observed during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ILM-sparing vitrectomy appears to be an effective treatment for pediatric ODPM, resolving maculopathies and restoring BCVA with minimal complications. This approach may offer a safer alternative to traditional ILM peeling in pediatric cases. However, larger studies with extended follow-up are needed to confirm these findings and further explore their clinical impact.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Optic disc pit; retinal detachment; vitrectomy; pediatric; internal limiting membrane-sparing (ILM-sparing).</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1306-1316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between functional status and hematological parameters in children with spastic cerebral palsy: a retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hong Su, Jie Luo, Mingshan Han, Yuan Zhang, Qingfen Hou, Danxia Fan, Jinhua Lu, Lu He, Jinling Li, Hongmei Tang, Jing Zhang, Kaishou Xu","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-564","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2024-564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle spasms, joint stiffness, dysphagia, dystrophy, and other problems associated with cerebral palsy (CP) might lead to abnormalities in some hematological parameters, yet the characteristics of common hematological parameters in children with spastic CP and the relationship between abnormality of hematological parameters and functional status in those children are unclear. This study seeks to address these concerns, thereby providing guidance for healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate hematological monitoring indicators for the effective management of children with CP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children with spastic CP aged from 2 to 18 years (y) were included between 2016 and 2023. Information such as sex, age, type of CP, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level was recorded in a purpose-built database. The results of hematological examinations were collected, calculated and compared among different GMFCS levels and spastic CP subtypes. The relationships between hematological parameters and GMFCS levels and spastic CP subtypes were also conducted using multiple linear regression models, with and without adjustment for participants' characteristics and hematological parameters that affect blood lactate. The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn) under ChiCTR2000033800.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 770 children [516 males, 254 females; mean age (standard deviation): 4.55 (2.83) y] with spastic CP were enrolled for analysis. Most participants belonged to ambulant children of GMFCS level I-III, and the common subtypes were diplegia and hemiplegia. No significant difference in the levels of blood routine tests, coagulation indicators, electrolytes, liver and renal function indices was observed among different GMFCS levels and subtypes. There were significant differences in the blood lactate concentrations among different GMFCS levels (level I <i>vs.</i> level IV in 2-3 y children, P=0.006; level I <i>vs.</i> levels IV-V in 4-6 y children, P=0.01) and among different subtypes (hemiplegic <i>vs.</i> quadriplegic: P=0.001 in 2-3 y children, P=0.02 in 4-6 y children). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed the association between blood lactate concentrations and GMFCS in 2-3 y children. Compared with GMFCS I, children with GMFCS IV had higher concentrations of blood lactate [b=0.614, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.173, 1.055 from a linear regression model with adjustment for spastic CP subtype, age and sex; b=0.428, 95% CI: 0.009, 0.846 with additional adjustment for hematological parameters that affect blood lactate].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased blood lactate concentrations are commonly observed in children with spastic CP. Abnormality of blood lactate concentration is correlated with GMFCS in 2-3 y children with spastic CP. The lactate shall be given strengthened monitoring during the management of ch","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1087-1102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of monocyte to lymphocyte ratio with length of stay in intensive care unit in neonatal apnea modified by treatment.","authors":"Juan Chen, Feng Han","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-21","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Apnea is a common condition among neonates admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), often leading to prolonged hospitalization and increased healthcare burden. This study aimed to investigate the association between monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and length of stay (LOS) in the ICU among neonates diagnosed with apnea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC III) database. Collinearity analysis excluded variables with a variance inflation factor >2. Generalized additive models (GAM) explored the nonlinear relationship between MLR and ICU LOS. Three generalized linear models (GLMs) assessed associations between MLR and LOS, adjusting for various factors. Mediation analysis evaluated MLR's role between intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)/caffeine/mechanical ventilation and LOS in the ICU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,120 neonates with apnea were included in this study. Neonates in the high MLR group had a significantly longer LOS in the ICU compared to the low MLR group. GAM analysis indicated a non-linear relationship between MLR and LOS in the ICU. In adjusted GLM analyses, higher MLR levels were positively correlated with increased LOS in the ICU {β=5.576 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.270, 8.881], P=0.001} and LOS in the hospital [β=5.529 (95% CI: 2.237, 8.820), P=0.001]. Subgroup analyses revealed that MLR's association with LOS in the ICU was influenced by IVH and treatments such as caffeine and mechanical ventilation, with mediation analysis confirming MLR as a mediator in these contexts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MLR is significantly associated with increased LOS in the ICU among neonates with apnea, with treatment factors modifying this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1073-1086"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac arrhythmia, developmental delay, epilepsy and ichthyosis due to Xp22.31 deletion: review of literature and case report.","authors":"Ilya S Dantsev, Anastasiia A Buianova, Ekaterina B Polykova, Ekaterina A Nikolaeva, Evgenii V Vasilyev, Angelina Iu Yakshina, Mariia A Parfenenko, Mariia I Yablonskaya, Oksana S Kurinnaia, Ivan Yu Iourov","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-87","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-87","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The broad phenotypic variability observed in patients with Xp22.31 deletion, traditionally associated with X-linked ichthyosis (XLI), is increasingly recognized as encompassing a wider spectrum of clinical manifestations. While ichthyosis, caused by <i>STS</i> gene deletion, remains the hallmark feature, recent studies and genomic analyses (e.g., chromosomal microarray and whole genome sequencing) have revealed additional extracutaneous phenotypes. These include corneal opacification, cryptorchidism, autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disability, epilepsy, developmental delay, renal anomalies, and an elevated risk of atrial fibrillation and other cardiac arrhythmias, particularly in males. Interestingly, duplications of this region are usually considered benign, underscoring the need for nuanced interpretation.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We describe three unrelated male patients carrying hemizygous Xp22.31 microdeletions (~1.6 Mb), all presenting with mild to moderate ichthyosis characterized by \"plate-like\" desquamation. Two patients exhibited intellectual disability and bradyarrhythmia, while one experienced seizures. None had major congenital anomalies, and all underwent chromosomal microarray analysis to confirm the diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach when evaluating patients with Xp22.31 deletions, extending beyond dermatologic assessment to include neurological and cardiological evaluations, even in the absence of overt symptoms. This broader phenotypic understanding may enhance clinical management, support more accurate genetic counseling, and inform prenatal diagnostic decision-making. Furthermore, our observations support the hypothesis that genes within the deleted region-such as <i>STS</i>, <i>PNPLA4</i>, and <i>VCX</i> family genes-may contribute to the pathogenesis of neurological and cardiac abnormalities, warranting further functional studies and long-term clinical monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1370-1379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a risk prediction model for acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients with cancers.","authors":"Luyan Yu, Yiheng Wu, Nan Lin, Changxuan Sun, Ying Zhou, Xiaoyi Chu, Lejing Guan, Guannan Bai, Jihua Zhu","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-629","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2024-629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) affects 80-95% of pediatric cancer patients, with distinct risk patterns from adults, yet few risk prediction models exist for this population. We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for acute CINV in pediatric patients with cancers, providing a tool to guide the clinical implementation of CINV prophylaxis and reduce CINV occurrence in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 378 hospitalized children who underwent chemotherapy at the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, between August 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023, were enrolled. Demographic, disease-related, and chemotherapy-related factors were collected using a self-developed questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify predictors for the model. Nomograms, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses were used to evaluate model performance. External validation was conducted on 230 patients treated at the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from 1 May to 31 August 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Independent predictors of chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN) included prior CINV experience, body weight, and negative emotions or mood changes during chemotherapy. Predictors of chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) included chemotherapy cycle count, emetogenicity risk grade of chemotherapy drugs, adequate sleep duration, tumor type, and prior CINV experience. The nomogram parameters, along with ROC, calibration, and decision curves demonstrated good predictive performance for both CIN and CIV.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to develop a risk prediction model for CINV among pediatric cancer patients. The prediction models were relatively fit. It provides clinical healthcare professionals with an effective and easy-to-use tool for predicting the risk of having CINV; thus, they could provide timely and personalized interventions to prevent CINV and reduce adverse events associated with CINV before chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1137-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of nasojejunal nutrition tube after surgery for congenital gastric wall muscle layer defect in neonates.","authors":"Fei Chen, Zhixiong Lin, Weijun Zheng, Mingkun Liu","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-153","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonates undergoing gastric repair require longer parenteral nutrition time, which may increase costs and the occurrence of complications. Early recovery of enteral nutrition is particularly necessary. Our aim is to explore the effects of early enteral nutrition provided through a nasojejunal tube in children with congenital defects of the gastric wall muscular layer after surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 42 children with congenital gastric wall muscle layer defects from 2015 to 2023. According to whether a nasojejunal tube was placed during the surgery, patients were divided into a nasojejunal tube feeding (NTF) group and a total parenteral nutrition (TPN) group. Analyzing the differences between the two groups, the observation indicators included postoperative recovery of intestinal function, feeding status, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The time for achieving complete enteral feeding (17.21±3.51 <i>vs.</i> 20.00±4.22 days, P=0.03) and postoperative length of hospital stay (20.05±3.95 <i>vs.</i> 22.96±4.96 days, P=0.045) in the NTF group were significantly shorter than those in the TPN group. The incidence of postoperative abdominal distension in the NTF group was significantly lower than that in the TPN group (15.8% <i>vs.</i> 47.8%, P=0.03). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of cholestasis (5.3% <i>vs.</i> 17.4%, P=0.47), anastomotic leakage (5.3% <i>vs.</i> 4.3%, P=0.89), occurrence of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (10.5% <i>vs.</i> 4.3%, P=0.86), vomiting (26.3% <i>vs.</i> 30.4%, P=0.77), and mortality rates (5.3% <i>vs.</i> 8.7%, P=0.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For children with congenital defects of the gastric wall muscular layer, postoperative enteral nutrition via a nasojejunal feeding tube is feasible, which can shorten the time to reach full enteral nutrition and reduce hospitalization duration, with postoperative outcomes showing an improving trend. It is an important means to promote the recovery of neonates after gastric surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1065-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary study on the application of percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure in the treatment of children with PFO and severe migraine.","authors":"Lianfu Ji, Yuqi Wang, Ye Chen, Jie Yin, Jinlong Chen, Fan Yang, Shiwei Yang","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-95","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies have shown that patent foramen ovale (PFO) is closely associated with migraine and PFO closure can significantly relieve migraine in adults. However, there are limited data on children. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of percutaneous PFO closure in children with PFO and severe migraine, thereby providing theoretical evidence for performing this procedure in the pediatric population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data from 46 children with PFO and severe migraine admitted to our hospital between September 2021 and October 2023 and assessed the relief of migraine after percutaneous PFO closure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 46 children with PFO had severe migraine preoperatively. The PFO was determined by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and right heart contrast echocardiography suggested the presence of a significant right-to-left shunt (RLS). No residual shunt and complications were observed in all the children after intervention. Before PFO closure, every child experienced repeated migraines. Follow-up data for all patients were obtained by telephone, WeChat, or outpatient visits at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months after PFO closure. The migraine was significantly alleviated in 43 children, while three others experienced no change. There was a significant reduction in the frequency, duration, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) score after PFO closure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Percutaneous PFO closure may be considered for children with PFO and severe migraine who have not responded to other treatments, after excluding other headache causes. In some children, this procedure may significantly improve headache symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1181-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ureteral clipping for managing persistent urinary dribbling caused by ectopic ureters associated with non-functioning renal moieties in girls with complex duplex kidneys: a narrative review of the literature.","authors":"Giulia Lanfranchi, Irene Paraboschi, Guglielmo Mantica, Sara Costanzo, Giorgio Giuseppe Orlando Selvaggio, Manuel Lopez, Gloria Pelizzo","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-17","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Persistent urinary dribbling in girls with duplex renal systems and ectopic ureters originating from poorly functioning renal moieties represents a complex clinical problem in pediatric urology. The incontinence associated with these anomalies is socially distressing and often refractory to conservative management. Traditional surgical options, including upper pole heminephrectomy or ureteroureterostomy, are effective but may be associated with significant operative morbidity, particularly when renal function is negligible and surgical access is challenging. In recent years, minimally invasive ureteral ligation-either laparoscopic or via open mini-incision-has emerged as a promising, low-risk alternative to excise or disconnect the ectopic ureter. This review article aims to critically evaluate the safety, efficacy, and clinical utility of ureteral ligation in this subset of pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science through May 2024. Keywords included \"ureteral clipping\", \"ureteral ligation\", \"ectopic ureter\", and \"paediatric urinary incontinence\". Only English-language studies involving human pediatric populations were considered. Exclusion criteria included duplicate publications, animal studies, and articles that did not report clinical outcomes. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and synthesis, focusing on postoperative continence, complications, renal outcomes, and procedural details.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Ureteral ligation was consistently associated with resolution or significant improvement of urinary incontinence in girls with ectopic ureters and non-functional upper moieties. The procedure appears to be technically straightforward, with minimal operative time and negligible intraoperative blood loss. Complication rates were low, and only one case of subsequent symptomatic infection or functional loss in the remaining renal moiety were reported. However, available data derive predominantly from small, retrospective, single-center series, with limited follow-up durations and the absence of control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Minimally invasive ureteral ligation represents a viable and effective surgical option for selected patients with ectopic ureters draining poorly functioning renal segments. Larger, multicenter prospective studies are warranted to confirm its long-term efficacy and establish clear clinical guidelines for its broader adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 6","pages":"1317-1325"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in short-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants from a single center in Shanghai from 2013 to 2023.","authors":"Ling Zhao, Wan Tang, Pu Xu, Ziming Wang, Jiayu Zhou, Yingying Jiang, Zhuoyu Zhao, Rong Zhang, Jin Wang, Laishuan Wang","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-16","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) are vulnerable to serious complications. We aim to describe the short-term outcomes of VLBWI in a single center during 2013-2023, providing the basis for clinical disease management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of VLBWI admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2023 was conducted to analyze trends of mortality and major morbidities over the 11-year period. Infants were divided into two subgroups according to birth weight (BW): <1,000 and 1,000-1,500 g. Major morbidities were defined as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), late onset sepsis (LOS), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) ≥ grade 3, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) ≥ stage 2, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) ≥ stage 3 or needed treatment, and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,475 VLBWI were enrolled from 2013 to 2023. Analysis showed that the overall trend of mortality, LOS, NEC, IVH and PVL decreased, but BPD and ROP increased during the 11 years. Except for ROP, which exhibited a consistent increasing trend, other outcomes have a significant inflection point. Mortality, LOS, NEC, IVH and PVL kept steady initially, but decreased quickly around 2017. BPD was stable from 2013 to 2016, after which it increased dramatically. Most trends in the two subgroups by BW were similar to the patterns in the overall infants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mortality and most morbidities in VLBWI decreased from 2013 to 2023, with the exception of BPD and ROP. Continuous research and quality improvement (QI) efforts should be made to further improve the outcomes of VLBWI, especially for BPD and ROP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 5","pages":"788-798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global T-cell functionality evaluated by whole blood interferon-gamma release assay as a valuable indicator for immune reconstitution monitoring in pediatric allo-HSCT.","authors":"Min Wang, Liang Ma, Chengjuan Luo, Changying Luo, Xia Qin, Xiaohang Huang, Yan Miao, Qing Cao, Aurore Fleurie, Franck Berthier, Ji Liang, Jing Chen","doi":"10.21037/tp-2025-80","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2025-80","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adequate T-cell immune reconstitution (IR) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is pivotal for the recovery and optimal outcomes of pediatric HSCT recipients. A thorough assessment of global T-cell functionality is a crucial component in monitoring T-cell IR during the post-transplant period. The purpose of this study is to provide a novel tool and strategy for assessing and monitoring T-cell IR after pediatric allo-HSCT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 126 pediatric patients receiving allo-HSCT at a single institution. A standardized whole blood interferon-gamma release assay (WB-IGRA) was introduced to evaluate global T-cell functionality in different periods after HSCT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that T-cell functionality, assessed via the WB-IGRA assay, progressively enhanced over the post-transplant period, effectively distinguishing between patients with and without immunosuppression, thereby highlighting the assay's viability in assessment of T-cell IR in children after allo-HSCT. Further analysis stratified by age revealed a more significant enhancement in T-cell functionality among children >10 years old compared to those ≤10. Conversely, when evaluating immune cell subsets, increases in CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD8⁺ subsets well reflected immune reconstructive progress in children ≤10 years old, whereas only increases in CD4⁺ cell subsets exhibited statistical significance in older children. Additionally, all three T cell subset counts were significantly correlated with T-cell functionality in older children, whereas no such correlation was observed in younger ones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the potential application of the WB-IGRA approach in evaluating and monitoring T-cell IR in pediatric allo-HSCT recipients. Combining the assessment of T-cell immune functionality with cellular phenotypes could enhance the understanding of T-cell IR in HSCT children of different ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 5","pages":"834-843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}