Tree physiology最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Complexities of Tree Methane Emission in Cold-Temperate Forests: A Commentary on Epron and Mochidome (2024).","authors":"Sunitha Rao Pangala","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics- and metabolomics-based analysis of the regulation of germination in Norway maple and sycamore embryonic axes.","authors":"Ewa Marzena Kalemba, Sara Dufour, Kris Gevaert, Francis Impens, Patrice Meimoun","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Norway maple and sycamore belong to the Acer genus and produce desiccation-tolerant and desiccation-sensitive seeds, respectively. We investigated the seed germination process at the imbibed and germinated stages using metabolomic and proteomic approaches to determine why sycamore seeds germinate earlier and are more successful at establishing seedlings than Norway maple seeds under controlled conditions. Embryonic axes and embryonic axes with protruded radicles were analyzed at the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively. Among the 212 identified metabolites, 44 and 67 differentially abundant metabolites were found at the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively, in both Acer species. Higher levels of amines, growth and defense stimulants, including B vitamins, were found in sycamore. We identified 611 and 447 proteins specific to the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively, in addition to groups of proteins expressed at different levels. Functional analysis of significantly regulated proteins revealed that proteins with catalytic and binding activity were enriched during germination, and proteins possibly implicated in nitrogen metabolism and metabolite interconversion enzymes were the predominant classes. Proteins associated with the control of plant growth regulation and seed defense were observed in both species at both germination stages. Sycamore proteins possibly involved in abscisic acid signal transduction pathway, stress tolerance and alleviation, ion binding and oxygenase activities appeared to accompany germination in sycamore. We identified peptides containing methionine (Met) oxidized to methionine sulfoxide (MetO), and functional analyses of proteins with significantly regulated MetO sites revealed that translation, plant growth and development and metabolism of nitrogen compounds were the main processes under Met/MetO redox control. We propose that higher levels of storage proteins and amines, together with higher levels of B vitamins, supported more efficient nitrogen utilization in sycamore, resulting in faster seedling growth. In conclusion, omic signatures identified in sycamore seem to predispose germinated sycamore seeds to better postgerminative growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PagHCF106 negatively regulates drought stress tolerance in poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa) by modulating stomatal aperture.","authors":"Junke Liu, Muying Ye, Zhenghao Fan, Yanli Wang, Jiayu Chen, Hongbing Li, Xiping Deng, Ho Soo Kim, Sang-Soo Kwak, Qingbo Ke","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modulation of stomatal development and movement is a promising approach for creating water-conserving plants. Here, we identified and characterized the PagHCF106 gene of poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa). The PagHCF106 protein localized predominantly to the chloroplast and the PagHCF106 gene exhibited a tissue-specific expression pattern. Overexpression of PagHCF106 rescued the reduced stomatal aperture and increased drought resistance of the hcf106 Arabidopsis mutant. Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated genome editing introduced mutations in the core region of the PagHCF106 promoter, which was required for its activity, as confirmed by the GUS staining assay. Mutation of the PagHCF106 promoter reduced stomatal opening and water loss in poplar. In addition, the genome-edited poplar lines accumulated high levels of hydrogen peroxide in guard cells. Taken together, these results suggest that PagHCF106 negatively regulates drought stress tolerance by modulating stomatal aperture, which might be associated with reactive oxygen species production. We propose that modification of the PagHCF106 promoter might be an efficient strategy for enhancing drought stress tolerance in poplar.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic analysis reveals potential roles of polyamine and proline metabolism in waterlogged peach roots inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae and Serendipita indica.","authors":"Sheng-Min Liang, Hashem Abeer, Elsayed Fathi Abd Allah, Qiang-Sheng Wu","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Root-associated endophytic fungi can create symbiotic relationships with trees to enhance stress tolerance, but the underlying mechanisms, especially with regard to waterlogging tolerance, remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of Funneliformis mosseae and Serendipita indica on the growth, root cross-section structure, and root transcriptional responses of peach under waterlogging stress, with a focus on polyamine and proline metabolism. Genes and transcription factors associated with secondary cell wall biosynthesis were selected, and their expression profiles were analyzed. Funneliformis mosseae significantly increased the height, stem diameter and leaf number of peach seedlings subjected to 2 weeks of waterlogging stress, whereas S. indica only significantly improved stem diameter. Both fungal species substantially increased root diameter, stele diameter, the number of late metaxylem inside the stele and late metaxylem diameter, thus improving aeration within inoculated roots under waterlogging stress. Transcriptomic analysis of waterlogged roots identified 5425 and 5646 differentially expressed genes following inoculation with F. mosseae and S. indica, respectively. The arginine and proline metabolism and arginine biosynthesis pathways were enriched following fungal inoculations. Both fungi reduced the conversion of glutamate and ornithine for proline synthesis. However, S. indica promoted peptide-to-proline conversion by up-regulating the expression of PIPs. Although both fungi promoted the expression of genes involved in arginine and ornithine synthesis pathway, only F. mosseae led to increased levels of arginine and ornithine. Additionally, F. mosseae promoted the accumulation of putrescine and maintained polyamine homeostasis by down-regulating PAO2 and SAMDC. Moreover, F. mosseae facilitated the metabolism of cadaverine. In conclusion, both F. mosseae and S. indica formed symbiotic relationships with peach plants, with F. mosseae primarily improving polyamine accumulation and S. indica predominantly facilitating proline accumulation for enhanced waterlogging resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of class III peroxidase genes revealed PePRX2 enhanced lignin biosynthesis and drought tolerance in Phyllostachys edulis.","authors":"Yuhan Jia, Mengyun Li, Jing Xu, Shuxin Chen, Xiaojiao Han, Wenmin Qiu, Zhuchou Lu, Renying Zhuo, Guirong Qiao","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Class III peroxidase (PRX) is the key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis and critical for maintaining the redox balance in plants to respond to stress. In moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), a globally significant non-timber forestry species, the potential roles of PRX genes remain largely unknown. In this research, a total of 179 PePRXs was identified on a genome-wide scale in moso bamboo. Phylogenic relationship, conserved motifs, gene structure, collinearity and cis-acting elements were investigated. Analysis of gene expression indicated that PePRXs exhibited tissue-specific expression and different response patterns to hormones and abiotic stresses. Based on the transcriptome data, 10 PePRXs with positive correlations between expression levels and lignification degree were screened out. Among them, PePRX2 was selected as a candidate gene according to the co-expression network. Y1H and Dual-Luc assays demonstrated that PeMYB61 could bind to the promoter of PePRX2 and enhance its transcription. The result of in situ hybridization showed that PePRX2 was specifically expressed in the vascular bundle sheath cells of bamboo shoot. As a secreted protein, PePRX2 was located on the cell wall. Overexpression of PePRX2 led to a significant increase in lignin content in transgenic poplar, indicating that PePRX2 could promote lignin polymerization. In comparison with the WT, the PePRX2-OE poplar lines exhibited increased peroxidase activity and decreased levels of MDA, O2- and H2O2 under drought stress, indicating enhanced drought resistance. This thorough analysis of the PRX family in moso bamboo provided new insight into the roles of PePRXs in lignin biosynthesis and drought adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constitutive chemical defense mechanism of inner bark of Sorbus commixta against Trametes versicolor.","authors":"Masato Koyama, Kengo Shigetomi, Yutaka Tamai, Keita Arakawa, Yuzou Sano","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tree bark is a crucial tissue that defends tree stems from invasions by microorganisms. However, our understanding of the constitutive chemical defense mechanisms of the tree barks remains limited. Our group recently discovered that the inner bark of Sorbus commixta Hedl. exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor (Linnaeus) Lloyd. It was hypothesized that this growth suppression was due to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) originating from cyanogenic glycosides such as amygdalin and prunasin, which are secondary metabolites in the inner bark of S. commixta. To test this hypothesis, we first quantified the amygdalin content in the inner bark of S. commixta and evaluated the antifungal activity (AFA) of HCN against T. versicolor by placing paper discs on potato dextrose agar with T. versicolor. Subsequently, we identified HCN in the inner bark of S. commixta using a picric acid paper. In the AFA tests, the amygdalin + β-glucosidase solution, the potassium cyanide (KCN) + benzaldehyde solution and the KCN solution exhibited elevated AFA against T. versicolor. Conversely, the amygdalin solution, the β-glucosidase solution and the benzaldehyde solution did not exhibit significant AFA. These findings demonstrate that HCN acts as an antifungal agent against T. versicolor. Furthermore, HCN was detected in the freeze-dried inner bark pieces and the trunks of living S. commixta. This suggests that the disruption of the cells in the inner bark of S. commixta caused the cyanogenic glycosides and β-glucosidase to interact, which resulted in the hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides and generation of HCN. From the perspective of constitutive chemical defense mechanisms, HCN plays a crucial role in the high AFA of the inner bark of S. commixta against T. versicolor, creating an unfavorable environment for the growth of white-rot fungus after injury breaches the periderm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An eco-physiological model of forest photosynthesis and transpiration under combined nitrogen and water limitation.","authors":"Peter Fransson, Hyungwoo Lim, Peng Zhao, Pantana Tor-Ngern, Matthias Peichl, Hjalmar Laudon, Nils Henriksson, Torgny Näsholm, Oskar Franklin","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpae168","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpae168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the separate effects of water and nitrogen (N) limitations on forest growth are well known, the question of how to predict their combined effects remains a challenge for modeling of climate change impacts on forests. Here, we address this challenge by developing a new eco-physiological model that accounts for plasticity in stomatal conductance and leaf N concentration. Based on optimality principle, our model determines stomatal conductance and leaf N concentration by balancing carbon uptake maximization, hydraulic risk and cost of maintaining photosynthetic capacity. We demonstrate the accuracy of the model predictions by comparing them against gross primary production estimates from eddy covariance flux measurements and sap-flow measurement scaled canopy transpiration in a long-term fertilized and an unfertilized Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest in northern Sweden. The model also explains the response to N fertilization as a consequence of (i) reduced carbon cost of N uptake and (ii) increased leaf area per hydraulic conductance. The results suggest that leaves optimally coordinate N concentration and stomatal conductance both on short (weekly) time scales in response to weather conditions and on longer time scales in response to soil water and N availabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surviving on the edge: drought resistance strategies among desert shrubs.","authors":"Robert Brandon Pratt","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From forests to farming: identification of photosynthetic limitations in breadfruit across diverse environments.","authors":"Graham J Dow, Noa Kekuewa Lincoln, Dolly Autufuga, Robert Paull","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) is a prolific tropical tree producing highly nutritious and voluminous carbohydrate-rich fruits. Already recognized as an underutilized crop of high potential, breadfruit could ameliorate food insecurity and protect against climate-related productivity shocks in undernourished equatorial regions. However, a lack of fundamental knowledge impedes widespread agricultural adoption, from modern agroforestry to plantation schemes. Here, we used a multi-environment breadfruit variety trial across the Hawaiian Islands to determine photosynthetic limitations, understand the role of site conditions or varietal features, and define their contributions to agronomic efficiency. Photosynthetic rates were dependent on location and variety, and strongly correlated with fruit yield (r2 = 0.80, P < 0.001). Photochemistry was suitable to full-sunlight conditions, with a saturation point of 1545 photosynthetically active radiation, Vcmax of 151 μmol m-2 s-1 and Jmax of 128 μmol m-2 s-1, which are high-end compared with other tropical and temperate tree crops. However, limitations on CO2 assimilation were imposed by stomatal characteristics, including stomatal density (P < 0.05) and diurnal oscillations of stomatal conductance (>50% reductions from daily maxima). These constraints on CO2 diffusion are likely to limit maximum productivity more than photochemistry. Our results comprise the first comprehensive analysis of breadfruit photosynthesis, successfully link ecophysiology with fruit yield, and identify vital traits for future research and management optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic and proteomic changes in leaves of rubber seedlings infected by Phytophthora palmivora.","authors":"Pongsakorn Kruaweangmol, Kitiya Ekchaweng, Sumallika Morakul, Narumon Phaonakrop, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Paiboon Tunsagool","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytophthora palmivora, an oomycete pathogen, induces leaf fall disease in rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis), causing significant economic losses. Effective disease management requires an understanding metabolic dynamics during infection. This study employed untargeted metabolomic and proteomic analyses to investigate the response of rubber seedling leaves to P. palmivora infection. Metabolomic profiling revealed 1702 and 979 metabolite peaks in positive and negative ionization modes, respectively, with 212 metabolites identified after duplicate removal. Principal component analysis demonstrated distinct metabolic profiles between infected and non-infected leaves. Volcano plots indicated significant changes in 90 metabolites (P < 0.05, fold-change ≥ 2), with 20 showing increased levels and 70 showing decreased levels in infected leaves. Pathway analysis highlighted nine metabolic pathways, with alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism being the most impacted. Proteomic analysis identified 391 proteins, with 283 in infected leaves and 253 in control leaves. Among these, 145 were common to both conditions, suggesting their roles in maintaining homeostasis and responding to stress. Unique proteins in infected leaves were linked to oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthesis and metabolic adjustments, reflecting the increased energy demands. Control samples showed proteins related to growth and photosynthesis. Integrating metabolomic and proteomic data revealed significant alterations in energy metabolism pathways in response to infection. These findings enhance our understanding of rubber seedlings' defense strategies against P. palmivora, with implications for improving plant resistance and disease management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}