Tree physiology最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Complexities of Tree Methane Emission in Cold-Temperate Forests: A Commentary on Epron and Mochidome (2024).","authors":"Sunitha Rao Pangala","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade-offs between residual conductance, hydraulic capacitance, and water access in Mediterranean species.","authors":"Junzhou Liu, Uri Hochberg, Asaf Alon, Shabtai Cohen","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Droughts during dry seasons may pose a greater threat to Mediterranean forests under climate change. Effective desiccation avoidance strategies include reduced water loss rates, enhanced tissue water storage capacity, and greater root water access, which can avoid or delay dehydration damage. However, resource allocation competition may lead to trade-offs among these strategies that are not yet fully understood. In this study, six woody species from a Mediterranean forest were selected. We measured their twig hydraulic capacitance, ranging from 0.32-2.81 mmol m-2 MPa-1, to assess tissue water storage capacity, and twig residual conductance (gres) at 25 °C, ranging from 1.23-7.73 mmol m-2 s-1, to evaluate water loss rate. We found that the leaves of all four evergreen Mediterranean species featured sunken or hidden stomata, which may contribute to their low gres. The gres was also measured across a 25 °C-30 °C-40 °C temperature gradient, revealing species-specific response patterns. Predawn water potential (ΨPD) and the difference between predawn and midday water potential (∆Ψ) at the end of the dry summer season were used to estimate root water access. Significant trade-offs in plant desiccation avoidance strategies were observed as gres positively correlated with ∆Ψ (R2 = 0.78, P = 0.02) and twig hydraulic capacitance negatively correlated with ΨPD (R2 = 0.68, P = 0.04). Consequently, species with greater root water access exhibited lower tissue water storage capacity and higher gres, potentially increasing their mortality risk during extreme droughts when soil moisture is unavailable. By inverting a plant desiccation model, we demonstrated that both the calculated minimum hydraulic capacitance required for daily plant survival and a novel risk index positively correlated with ΨPD, supporting this conclusion. Notably, these findings align with historical statistics of tree mortality. Additionally, the risk index increased under scenarios of elevated temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-annual stem radius growth and cell formation of two diffuse-porous tree species in a subtropical forest in Southwest China.","authors":"Yi-Xue Zhang, Pei-Li Fu, Qiao-Shun Yan, Achim Bräuning, Ze-Xin Fan","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studying tree growth and xylem formation is essential for understanding tree resilience to extreme droughts, which are expected to intensify with climate warming. However, researches on intra-annual stem growth and xylogenesis remain limited, particularly in moist subtropical forests. This study monitored the intra-annual stem radius growth and xylem formation of two diffuse-porous tree species, Stewartia pteropetiolata and Schima noronhae, in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest in Southwest China, using high-resolution dendrometer measurements for recording stem growth and micro-coring for xylem formation. We analyzed the seasonal patterns of stem radius growth and xylem formation, and their responses to seasonal climate variability. Our results revealed that S. noronhae, found at lower elevations, exhibited a later onset of stem growth and xylogenesis, developing wider vessels with thinner walls during a longer enlarging phase. In contrast, S. pteropetiolata, which is distributed at higher elevations, produced smaller vessels with thicker walls during a longer cell wall thickening phase. Both species showed high relative growth rates under conditions of high temperatures and low vapor pressure deficit (VPD). More specifically, S. noronhae maintained higher relative growth rates under a narrower range of favorable temperature and soil water conditions during the rainy season, while S. pteropetiolata sustained growth for a longer growth period in colder and drier conditions. These findings enhance the understanding of angiosperm wood cell kinetics and the eco-physiological response of diffuse-porous trees to climate change in moist subtropical forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological adjustments of temperate tree species and herbs in response to low root temperatures.","authors":"Yating Li, Guenter Hoch","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydraulic constraints induced by low root temperature might be a major cause for the low temperature limit of plants. However, up to date most of our knowledge on the physiological effects of low root temperatures derived from short-term lab experiments, with very limited information on potential adjustments to continuous low temperature stress. In this study, we quantified the cold sensitivity of root water uptake and transport to leaves in seedlings of different functional plant types (conifers, broadleaved trees and annual herbs) by 2H-H2O labelling after exposure to three constant root temperatures (15°C, 7°C and 2°C) but the same higher aboveground temperatures (between 20-25 °C). We investigated changes in the cold sensitivity of roots after 0, 10 and 20-days prolonged exposure to the respective root temperatures. Plant water uptake and transport was decreased by lowered root temperature in all species, with a stronger effect at 2°C compared to 7°C. The water uptake and transport capacity of tree species gradually declined over the 20-day treatment, while the two investigated herbs exhibited immediately strong decreases that were kept at the same low level throughout the entire experiment time. The speed of the water uptake reduction across the 20 days observation period differed among the tree species and was faster in species that reach their natural upper distribution limits at lower elevations compared to species that occur at subalpine regions. The restricted root water uptake and transport was accompanied by reductions in leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and growth. Overall, our study showed increasingly reduced capacity for water uptake and transport across functional plant groups at continuous cold root conditions. This result might indicate accumulative negative effects on cell membrane permeability for water in roots, or a controlled reduction of root water conductivity of temperate trees in preparation for winter dormancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics- and metabolomics-based analysis of the regulation of germination in Norway maple and sycamore embryonic axes.","authors":"Ewa Marzena Kalemba, Sara Dufour, Kris Gevaert, Francis Impens, Patrice Meimoun","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf003","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Norway maple and sycamore belong to the Acer genus and produce desiccation-tolerant and desiccation-sensitive seeds, respectively. We investigated the seed germination process at the imbibed and germinated stages using metabolomic and proteomic approaches to determine why sycamore seeds germinate earlier and are more successful at establishing seedlings than Norway maple seeds under controlled conditions. Embryonic axes and embryonic axes with protruded radicles were analyzed at the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively. Among the 212 identified metabolites, 44 and 67 differentially abundant metabolites were found at the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively, in both Acer species. Higher levels of amines, growth and defense stimulants, including B vitamins, were found in sycamore. We identified 611 and 447 proteins specific to the imbibed and germinated stages, respectively, in addition to groups of proteins expressed at different levels. Functional analysis of significantly regulated proteins revealed that proteins with catalytic and binding activity were enriched during germination, and proteins possibly implicated in nitrogen metabolism and metabolite interconversion enzymes were the predominant classes. Proteins associated with the control of plant growth regulation and seed defense were observed in both species at both germination stages. Sycamore proteins possibly involved in abscisic acid signal transduction pathway, stress tolerance and alleviation, ion binding and oxygenase activities appeared to accompany germination in sycamore. We identified peptides containing methionine (Met) oxidized to methionine sulfoxide (MetO), and functional analyses of proteins with significantly regulated MetO sites revealed that translation, plant growth and development and metabolism of nitrogen compounds were the main processes under Met/MetO redox control. We propose that higher levels of storage proteins and amines, together with higher levels of B vitamins, supported more efficient nitrogen utilization in sycamore, resulting in faster seedling growth. In conclusion, omic signatures identified in sycamore seem to predispose germinated sycamore seeds to better postgerminative growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constitutive chemical defense mechanism of inner bark of Sorbus commixta against Trametes versicolor.","authors":"Masato Koyama, Kengo Shigetomi, Yutaka Tamai, Keita Arakawa, Yuzou Sano","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tree bark is a crucial tissue that defends tree stems from invasions by microorganisms. However, our understanding of the constitutive chemical defense mechanisms of the tree barks remains limited. Our group recently discovered that the inner bark of Sorbus commixta Hedl. exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor (Linnaeus) Lloyd. It was hypothesized that this growth suppression was due to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) originating from cyanogenic glycosides such as amygdalin and prunasin, which are secondary metabolites in the inner bark of S. commixta. To test this hypothesis, we first quantified the amygdalin content in the inner bark of S. commixta and evaluated the antifungal activity (AFA) of HCN against T. versicolor by placing paper discs on potato dextrose agar with T. versicolor. Subsequently, we identified HCN in the inner bark of S. commixta using a picric acid paper. In the AFA tests, the amygdalin + β-glucosidase solution, the potassium cyanide (KCN) + benzaldehyde solution and the KCN solution exhibited elevated AFA against T. versicolor. Conversely, the amygdalin solution, the β-glucosidase solution and the benzaldehyde solution did not exhibit significant AFA. These findings demonstrate that HCN acts as an antifungal agent against T. versicolor. Furthermore, HCN was detected in the freeze-dried inner bark pieces and the trunks of living S. commixta. This suggests that the disruption of the cells in the inner bark of S. commixta caused the cyanogenic glycosides and β-glucosidase to interact, which resulted in the hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides and generation of HCN. From the perspective of constitutive chemical defense mechanisms, HCN plays a crucial role in the high AFA of the inner bark of S. commixta against T. versicolor, creating an unfavorable environment for the growth of white-rot fungus after injury breaches the periderm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An eco-physiological model of forest photosynthesis and transpiration under combined nitrogen and water limitation.","authors":"Peter Fransson, Hyungwoo Lim, Peng Zhao, Pantana Tor-Ngern, Matthias Peichl, Hjalmar Laudon, Nils Henriksson, Torgny Näsholm, Oskar Franklin","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpae168","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpae168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the separate effects of water and nitrogen (N) limitations on forest growth are well known, the question of how to predict their combined effects remains a challenge for modeling of climate change impacts on forests. Here, we address this challenge by developing a new eco-physiological model that accounts for plasticity in stomatal conductance and leaf N concentration. Based on optimality principle, our model determines stomatal conductance and leaf N concentration by balancing carbon uptake maximization, hydraulic risk and cost of maintaining photosynthetic capacity. We demonstrate the accuracy of the model predictions by comparing them against gross primary production estimates from eddy covariance flux measurements and sap-flow measurement scaled canopy transpiration in a long-term fertilized and an unfertilized Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest in northern Sweden. The model also explains the response to N fertilization as a consequence of (i) reduced carbon cost of N uptake and (ii) increased leaf area per hydraulic conductance. The results suggest that leaves optimally coordinate N concentration and stomatal conductance both on short (weekly) time scales in response to weather conditions and on longer time scales in response to soil water and N availabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surviving on the edge: drought resistance strategies among desert shrubs.","authors":"Robert Brandon Pratt","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf005","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From forests to farming: identification of photosynthetic limitations in breadfruit across diverse environments.","authors":"Graham J Dow, Noa Kekuewa Lincoln, Dolly Autufuga, Robert Paull","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) is a prolific tropical tree producing highly nutritious and voluminous carbohydrate-rich fruits. Already recognized as an underutilized crop of high potential, breadfruit could ameliorate food insecurity and protect against climate-related productivity shocks in undernourished equatorial regions. However, a lack of fundamental knowledge impedes widespread agricultural adoption, from modern agroforestry to plantation schemes. Here, we used a multi-environment breadfruit variety trial across the Hawaiian Islands to determine photosynthetic limitations, understand the role of site conditions or varietal features, and define their contributions to agronomic efficiency. Photosynthetic rates were dependent on location and variety, and strongly correlated with fruit yield (r2 = 0.80, P < 0.001). Photochemistry was suitable to full-sunlight conditions, with a saturation point of 1545 photosynthetically active radiation, Vcmax of 151 μmol m-2 s-1 and Jmax of 128 μmol m-2 s-1, which are high-end compared with other tropical and temperate tree crops. However, limitations on CO2 assimilation were imposed by stomatal characteristics, including stomatal density (P < 0.05) and diurnal oscillations of stomatal conductance (>50% reductions from daily maxima). These constraints on CO2 diffusion are likely to limit maximum productivity more than photochemistry. Our results comprise the first comprehensive analysis of breadfruit photosynthesis, successfully link ecophysiology with fruit yield, and identify vital traits for future research and management optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Tree growth strategies mediate drought resistance in species-diverse forests.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/treephys/tpaf019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaf019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23286,"journal":{"name":"Tree physiology","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}