Transportation Research Record最新文献_第2页

Research on Traffic Flow Forecasting Based on Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Transformer 基于动态时空变换的交通流预测研究

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231205880

Hong Zhang, Hongyan Wang, Xijun Zhang, Lei Gong

{"title":"Research on Traffic Flow Forecasting Based on Dynamic Spatial-Temporal Transformer","authors":"Hong Zhang, Hongyan Wang, Xijun Zhang, Lei Gong","doi":"10.1177/03611981231205880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231205880","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate traffic flow forecasting is crucial for urban traffic control and route planning. Aiming at the difficulty in capturing dynamic spatio-temporal complexity of traffic flow, a dynamic spatio-temporal transformer (DST-Trans) model capable of modeling dynamic correlation of traffic flow is proposed, which consists of gated temporal convolutional network (GTCN), graph convolutional network (GCN), and spatio-temporal transformer (ST-TF). GTCN and GCN are utilized to capture the temporal and spatial characteristics of traffic flow, respectively. ST-TF includes a temporal transformer using temporal gated convolution and temporal multi-head self-attention to capture short-long term temporal features, and spatial transformer using spatial gated graph convolution and spatial multi-head self-attention to capture local-global dynamic spatial features. In addition, to take full advantage of the dynamic and static associations of road networks, multi-graph models of road relationship graph, similarity graph, and adaptive dynamic graph with SGGC are constructed. Experimental results show that the DST-Trans model in this paper shows good prediction performance in short-term (15 min), medium-term (30 min), and long-term (60 min) prediction, outperforming existing state-of-the-art models by up to approximately 7%.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Discrete Choice and Machine Learning Models for Simultaneous Modeling of Mobility Tool Ownership in Agent-Based Travel Demand Models 基于agent的出行需求模型中机动工具所有权同时建模的离散选择模型与机器学习模型的比较

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231206175

Jasper Püschel, Lukas Barthelmes, Martin Kagerbauer, Peter Vortisch

{"title":"Comparison of Discrete Choice and Machine Learning Models for Simultaneous Modeling of Mobility Tool Ownership in Agent-Based Travel Demand Models","authors":"Jasper Püschel, Lukas Barthelmes, Martin Kagerbauer, Peter Vortisch","doi":"10.1177/03611981231206175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231206175","url":null,"abstract":"Individual travel behavior, such as mode choice, is determined to a distinct degree by the respective portfolio of available mobility tools, such as the number of cars, public transit pass ownership, or a carsharing membership. However, the choice of different mobility tools is interdependent, and individuals weigh alternatives against each other. This process of parallel trade-offs is currently not reflected in typically used sequential logit models of agent-based travel demand models. This study fills this research gap by applying discrete choice and neural network models on a synthetic population to model multiple mobility tool ownership simultaneously. Using data from a national household travel survey, both model types approximated the given target distributions of mobility tools more accurately than the sequence of three corresponding logit models. Owing to its greater flexibility, the tested shallow and deep neural network exhibited higher predictive accuracy than simultaneous discrete choice models. The results indicated that neural networks with only one hidden layer were more robust and easier to formulate and interpret than deep networks with three hidden layers. Finally, the flat neural network was applied to a different synthetic population resulting in equally accurate results.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135243000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the Rutting Potential of Asphalt Mixtures with Simple and Practical Tests 用简单实用的试验方法评价沥青混合料车辙潜力

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231207089

Ilker Boz, Jhony Habbouche, Stacey D. Diefenderfer, Griffin Coffey, Aksel Seitllari, Osman E. Ozbulut

{"title":"Evaluating the Rutting Potential of Asphalt Mixtures with Simple and Practical Tests","authors":"Ilker Boz, Jhony Habbouche, Stacey D. Diefenderfer, Griffin Coffey, Aksel Seitllari, Osman E. Ozbulut","doi":"10.1177/03611981231207089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231207089","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to explore the use of monotonic loading tests (“monotonic tests”) as screening tools to assess the rutting potential of dense-graded asphalt surface mixtures in Virginia. To that end, three monotonic tests—the indirect tensile at high temperature (IDT-HT) test, the rapid rutting (RR) test, and the Marshall stability and flow (MS) test—identified from the literature, were evaluated using 16 plant-produced asphalt mixtures with “A” and “D” designations. The scope of the work also included performing the multiple stress creep and recovery test on the extracted and recovered binders. The results were applied to assess the monotonic tests and the asphalt pavement analyzer (APA) test relative to each other using several performance metrics. The results were also employed to develop performance threshold criteria for the tests being considered. The results showed that the IDT-HT and RR tests can be used to screen the rutting potential of asphalt mixtures meeting the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) mixture volumetric and gradation requirements for A and D mixtures. The initial performance criteria for the IDT-HT and RR tests were established for these mixtures. Based on the results, the IDT-HT test was found to be the most suitable alternative test to the APA test.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Research on Dueling Double Deep Q Network Algorithm Based on Single-Step Momentum Update 基于单步动量更新的Dueling双深度Q网络算法研究

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231205877

Peicheng Shi, Jianguo Zhang, Bin Hai, Dinghua Zhou

{"title":"Research on Dueling Double Deep Q Network Algorithm Based on Single-Step Momentum Update","authors":"Peicheng Shi, Jianguo Zhang, Bin Hai, Dinghua Zhou","doi":"10.1177/03611981231205877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231205877","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle behavior decision control plays a crucial role in the development of autonomous driving. However, existing autonomous driving behavior decision control algorithms based on deep reinforcement learning face several challenges, such as low efficiency in updating target network data and a lack of effective balancing between old and new experiences. To address these issues, this paper proposes a dueling double deep Q network (dueling DDQN) algorithm based on a single-step momentum update mechanism. Firstly, a single-step momentum update mechanism is designed to significantly improve the update speed of target network parameters and achieve a balanced weighting of old and new experiences during the parameter update process. Subsequently, the network structures of dueling networks and DDQNs are integrated to enhance the understanding capability of autonomous vehicles concerning their current states. Finally, tests are conducted on the OpenAI Gym simulation platform to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results verified that the dueling DDQN algorithm with single-step momentum updates contributes to improving the convergence speed of autonomous driving car behavior decisions. Compared with the DQN and DDQN algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieved a success rate increase of 6.0 and 8.4 percentage points in the challenging three-lane highway Test Scenario 1, and a success rate increase of 16.7 and 2.9 percentage points in Test Scenario 2, respectively. These findings demonstrate a safer and more efficient performance in autonomous driving decision-making.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135480285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety Risk of Nonmotorized Vehicles from the Perspective of Motorized Vehicle Drivers 机动车驾驶人视角下的非机动车安全风险研究

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231198839

Niaz Ahmed, Shoumic Shahid Chowdhury, Md Fardeen Tanim, Dewan Tanvir Ahammed, Md Asif Raihan, Moinul Hossain

{"title":"Safety Risk of Nonmotorized Vehicles from the Perspective of Motorized Vehicle Drivers","authors":"Niaz Ahmed, Shoumic Shahid Chowdhury, Md Fardeen Tanim, Dewan Tanvir Ahammed, Md Asif Raihan, Moinul Hossain","doi":"10.1177/03611981231198839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231198839","url":null,"abstract":"Collisions with motorized vehicles (MVs) are one of the leading causes of nonmotorized vehicle (NMV) crashes in a heterogeneous traffic stream. As well as NMVs’ inherent vulnerability, MV drivers’ risk perceptions of NMVs may also influence MV–NMV crashes. However, until now, this subjective perception has been little explored in the literature. This study examines the potential impact of numerous factors associated with motorized road users’ perception of risk and the operational aspects of NMVs on MV–NMV crashes. An ordered probit model was developed using self-reported data from 1,560 Dhaka city motorists (motorcyclists, and car and bus drivers). Findings revealed that motorists have a higher probability of becoming aggressive, deem NMV drivers’ behavior to be risky, and have low positive attitudes toward such vehicles when they have a stronger MV–NMV crash history. The results also suggest that bus drivers have fewer crashes with NMVs, although they feel these vehicles are structurally unsafe. In addition, age, education, and perceptions of lane separation, movement, stops, and users’ trip frequency were significant in predicting crash frequency. Further, older and illiterate drivers were more likely to be involved in collisions with NMVs. Because of the bias of self-reported data, analysis of variance tests were conducted, and the results demonstrated a significant difference in risk perceptions between motorcyclists, car drivers, and bus drivers. Risk perceptions of NMVs were the highest among motorcyclists. The findings of this study are expected to aid policymakers in improving motorists’ perceptions of NMVs and in increasing the latter’s safety in developing nations with heterogenous traffic systems.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Vertical Bearing Performance of Precast Concrete Pile Reinforced with Cement-Treated Soil under Different Loading Modes 不同荷载模式下水泥土加固预制混凝土桩竖向承载性能研究

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231205844

Chaozhe Zhang, Songyu Liu, Dingwen Zhang, Chen Jiang, Anhui Wang, Guangwei Chen

{"title":"Research on Vertical Bearing Performance of Precast Concrete Pile Reinforced with Cement-Treated Soil under Different Loading Modes","authors":"Chaozhe Zhang, Songyu Liu, Dingwen Zhang, Chen Jiang, Anhui Wang, Guangwei Chen","doi":"10.1177/03611981231205844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231205844","url":null,"abstract":"Precast concrete pile reinforced with cement-treated soil (PCRC) is a composite pile formed by inserting a precast concrete (PC) pile into a deep cement mixing (DCM) column. It has become widely recognized and used for soft soil ground treatment. Despite its extensive application, the cooperative bearing mechanism of PCRC has not been fully investigated under diverse loading conditions. This paper presents the results of finite element analysis, comparing the bearing performances of the PCRCs under two loading forms: load applied solely to the PC pile (Form 1) and the entire cross-section (Form 2). The results reveal that the inner and outer cores of the PCRC loaded under Form 2 can synergistically work together, exhibiting a 13.2% higher ultimate bearing capacity than the PCRC with Form 1. The load sharing ratio, μ, of the inner core of the PCRC loaded under Form 2 ranges from 0.86 to 0.93, while μ of the inner core under Form 1 remains stable at approximately 0.96. Increasing the loading plate size improves the DCM column’s load sharing capacity. Furthermore, axial load tests in Form 1 underestimated the bearing capacity of PCRC to a certain extent. It is, therefore, recommended in engineering design that the top of the DCM column be positioned higher than that of the PC pile to achieve the actual force mode of Form 2.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135973083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incorporating Rail Potential and Equity Analysis into Market Analyses for Rail Investments: A Case Study of the Link21 Program in Northern California 将铁路潜力和公平性分析纳入铁路投资市场分析:以北加州Link21项目为例

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231197664

Derek Cheah, Andrew Tang, Elisa Tejedor

{"title":"Incorporating Rail Potential and Equity Analysis into Market Analyses for Rail Investments: A Case Study of the Link21 Program in Northern California","authors":"Derek Cheah, Andrew Tang, Elisa Tejedor","doi":"10.1177/03611981231197664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231197664","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an innovative approach for conducting market analyses for major rail investments. The approach considers which locations have the greatest potential to repay investment support and/or benefit specifically from the investment in the form of potential rail riders and the factors that could influence their decision to travel by rail. It is guided by an overarching commitment to equity with an emphasis on identifying potential benefits to communities that have been marginalized. The approach is applied to a case study of the Link21 program, a transformational investment in the Northern California passenger rail network that is focused on a new transbay passenger rail crossing between San Francisco and Oakland. The analysis found there is significant unmet potential for transbay rail ridership across the Northern California megaregion, with the greatest unmet potential found in and around San Francisco and Oakland, specifically in locations with a poor or no rail service. Although much of the potential for new riders centers around transbay travel, the Link21 program could also benefit non-transbay trips and riders. Ultimately, new transbay rail infrastructure and services will create more opportunities for accessible, direct, faster, or less crowded trips across the megaregion. These findings illustrate the value of the innovative market analysis approach as follows: it serves as an objective foundation for developing investment alternatives; and it influences the findings of the analysis and the development of alternatives by emphasizing the importance of serving communities that have been marginalized.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining Seasonal Changes in Light-Vehicle Traffic Volume on Freeways Under Extreme Weather Conditions: A Combination of Temporal Statistical and Data Mining Non-Parametric Techniques 研究极端天气条件下高速公路上轻型车辆交通量的季节变化:时间统计和数据挖掘非参数技术的结合

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231203217

Meysam Effati, Chakavak Atrchian

{"title":"Examining Seasonal Changes in Light-Vehicle Traffic Volume on Freeways Under Extreme Weather Conditions: A Combination of Temporal Statistical and Data Mining Non-Parametric Techniques","authors":"Meysam Effati, Chakavak Atrchian","doi":"10.1177/03611981231203217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231203217","url":null,"abstract":"Today, with the increasing changes in weather patterns and the huge amount of data related to weather and traffic in different parts of the freeway network, the use of data mining methods to quantify the impact of weather on traffic flow is inevitable. The main objective of this study is to present a geostatistical method for computing and analyzing the effects of base and extreme cases of weather variables on light-vehicle traffic volumes on freeways, with an emphasis on temporal changes on different days of the week and between daytime and nighttime. In the proposed method for statistical analysis, the parametric test of two-way analysis of variance was used. In the following, with the development of a nonparametric method based on the classification and regression tree (CART) decision tree algorithm, the weather-related parameters with the greatest effect on traffic volumes were investigated separately for different seasons. For this purpose, nine years of statistics covering traffic and weather data for the studied freeway were analyzed. The computational results show that a fall in temperature of more than 35% on weekdays during the cold season and the parameters of horizontal visibility and rainfall during the day and temperature during the night in the spring cause a reduction of traffic volume of more than 45%. This study has shown that the combination of data-driven parametric and nonparametric data mining techniques is effective for traffic managers in planning and traffic control under extreme weather conditions. In this regard, an adverse weather conditions dynamic message sign (AWCDMS) framework was proposed as a practical way to warn drivers of adverse weather.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Realistic Approach for Capacity Estimation of U-Turns Under Heterogeneous Traffic Condition 异构交通条件下u形弯道通行能力估算的现实方法

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231203227

Tathagatha Khan, Adheesh Kumar Vivek, Smruti Sourava Mohapatra, Ashish Kumar Patnaik

引用次数: 0

Role of U.S. Airports’ Attributes in the Output Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis with the Difference-in-Differences Method 美国机场属性在COVID-19大流行输出响应中的作用:基于差中差法的随机前沿分析

4区工程技术

Transportation Research Record Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1177/03611981231206160

Fecri Karanki, Siew Hoon Lim

{"title":"Role of U.S. Airports’ Attributes in the Output Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis with the Difference-in-Differences Method","authors":"Fecri Karanki, Siew Hoon Lim","doi":"10.1177/03611981231206160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981231206160","url":null,"abstract":"Airports are vital to economic development, the connectivity of people and services, and the movement of goods. Moreover, airports are critical infrastructure for the COVID-19 response. In this study, we attempt to examine the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. airports’ outputs. Specifically, our analysis focuses on the impact on output with respect to airport size, legacy carriers’ hubs, and multi-airport systems. Using the data on 59 U.S. hub airports in 2019 and 2020 and a stochastic frontier analysis with the difference-in-differences method, we find that large hub airports faced a sharper decline in their operations compared with medium hub airports; airports serving as a major hub to the three legacy carriers experienced larger output declines possibly as a result of their greater exposure to international markets; there is no significant difference in output decreases between airports in a multi-airport system and standalone airports. Regardless of the pandemic impact, large airports, airports serving as a hub of the legacy carriers, and airports belonging to a multi-airport system are on average more efficient than their respective counterparts. The initial impact of the pandemic on airports’ output sheds light on the likely structural changes in demand that airports will face in the future.","PeriodicalId":23279,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0