Joshua S Lynn, Brenden Beckett, Christopher R Taylor
{"title":"Plant community signatures of nutrient dilution.","authors":"Joshua S Lynn, Brenden Beckett, Christopher R Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"327-328"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Questioning the sixth mass extinction.","authors":"John J Wiens, Kristen E Saban","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The idea that Earth is currently experiencing a sixth mass extinction is widespread. We critically evaluate this claim. Very few studies have tested this idea. Some studies showed that recent extinction rates are faster than fossil background rates, but extinction rates can exceed background rates outside mass extinctions. Other studies extrapolated from recent extinctions to project 75% global species loss. But these recent extinctions were mostly of island species. No cause was specified for these future extinctions, and >50% of assessed species are considered non-threatened. We find numerous other issues. Proponents of the sixth mass extinction have made invaluable contributions by highlighting recent extinctions, but these extinctions may not be equivalent to past mass extinctions or relevant to current threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"375-384"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating social learning, social networks, and non-parental transgenerational plasticity.","authors":"Jennifer K Hellmann, Andrew Sih","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) has largely focused on how parental exposure to ecological conditions shapes the phenotypes of future generations. However, organisms acquire information about their ecological environment via social learning, which can also shape TGP in profound ways. We demonstrate that non-parents alter how parents detect and respond to environmental cues in ways that spillover to affect offspring, non-parents influence offspring even without direct physical interactions, and parental cues received by offspring can alter the phenotypes of other juveniles. Because parents can draw on the experiences of a network of non-parents, these socially acquired cues may increase parents' ability to accurately detect environmental shifts and may explain why TGP is surprisingly ubiquitous despite theory predicting that it should be relatively rare.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"335-345"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Our not-so-natural connection to nature.","authors":"Yannick Joye, Andreas De Block","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biophilia hypothesis has been influential in explaining humans' attraction to nature. Here, we critically evaluate recent research on biophilia, focusing on automatic and instinct-like responses to nature. We explore how biophilia-based interventions may contribute to inequality and propose cultural evolution as a parsimonious alternative to biophilia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"320-322"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylvaine Giakoumi, Anthony J Richardson, Aggeliki Doxa, Stefano Moro, Marco Andrello, Jeffrey O Hanson, Virgilio Hermoso, Tessa Mazor, Jennifer McGowan, Heini Kujala, Elizabeth Law, Jorge G Álvarez-Romero, Rafael A Magris, Elena Gissi, Nur Arafeh-Dalmau, Anna Metaxas, Elina A Virtanen, Natalie C Ban, Robert M Runya, Daniel C Dunn, Simonetta Fraschetti, Ibon Galparsoro, Robert J Smith, Francois Bastardie, Vanessa Stelzenmüller, Hugh P Possingham, Stelios Katsanevakis
{"title":"Advances in systematic conservation planning to meet global biodiversity goals.","authors":"Sylvaine Giakoumi, Anthony J Richardson, Aggeliki Doxa, Stefano Moro, Marco Andrello, Jeffrey O Hanson, Virgilio Hermoso, Tessa Mazor, Jennifer McGowan, Heini Kujala, Elizabeth Law, Jorge G Álvarez-Romero, Rafael A Magris, Elena Gissi, Nur Arafeh-Dalmau, Anna Metaxas, Elina A Virtanen, Natalie C Ban, Robert M Runya, Daniel C Dunn, Simonetta Fraschetti, Ibon Galparsoro, Robert J Smith, Francois Bastardie, Vanessa Stelzenmüller, Hugh P Possingham, Stelios Katsanevakis","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systematic conservation planning (SCP) involves the cost-effective placement and application of management actions to achieve biodiversity conservation objectives. Given the political momentum for greater global nature protection, restoration, and improved management of natural resources articulated in the targets of the Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing the state-of-the-art of SCP is timely. Recent advances in SCP include faster and more exact algorithms and software, inclusion of ecosystem services and multiple facets of biodiversity (e.g., genetic diversity, functional diversity), climate-smart approaches, prioritizing multiple actions, and increased SCP accessibility through online tools. To promote the adoption of SCP by decision-makers, we provide recommendations for bridging the gap between SCP science and practice, such as standardizing the communication of planning uncertainty and capacity-building training courses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"395-410"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michelle Wille, Meagan L Dewar, Filip Claes, Peter Thielen, Erik A Karlsson
{"title":"A call to innovate Antarctic avian influenza surveillance.","authors":"Michelle Wille, Meagan L Dewar, Filip Claes, Peter Thielen, Erik A Karlsson","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses are increasingly spreading between birds and mammals globally, with sporadic transmission to humans. With recent emergence in Antarctica, traditional animal capture and influenza testing approaches have proven challenging and logistically impractical. Without reference laboratories in the region, responses are slow and few samples will ever be collected or tested from local outbreaks due to lack of infrastructure. We call for development of innovative data collection strategies that can be deployed for a diverse range of sample types for rapid, field-forward characterization. Policy shifts and enhanced biosecurity protocols are required to protect Antarctic biodiversity, and we advocate for global coordination and strengthened collaborations between national programs, tour operators, and scientists to establish a 'smart surveillance' network.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"248-254"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael K Schwartz, Summer L Dunn, William A C Gendron, Jennifer E Helm, W Sebastian Kamau, Melanie Mark-Shadbolt, Axel Moehrenschlager, Kent H Redford, Gregory Russell, Ronald L Sandler, Courtney A Schultz, Blake Wiedenheft, Amanda S Emmel, Jedediah F Brodie
{"title":"Principles for introducing new genes and species for conservation.","authors":"Michael K Schwartz, Summer L Dunn, William A C Gendron, Jennifer E Helm, W Sebastian Kamau, Melanie Mark-Shadbolt, Axel Moehrenschlager, Kent H Redford, Gregory Russell, Ronald L Sandler, Courtney A Schultz, Blake Wiedenheft, Amanda S Emmel, Jedediah F Brodie","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introducing new genes and new species into ecosystems where they have not previously existed presents opportunities and complex, multivalue decisions for conservation biologists and the public. Both synthetic biology and conservation introductions offer potential benefits, such as avoiding extinctions and restoring ecological function, but also carry risks of unintended ecological consequences and raise social and moral concerns. Although the conservation community has attempted to establish guidelines for each new tool, there is a need for comprehensive principles that will enable conservation managers to navigate emerging technologies. Here, we combine biological, legal, social, cultural, and ethical considerations into an inclusive set of principles designed to facilitate the efforts of managers facing high-consequence conservation decisions by clarifying the stakes of inaction and action, along with the use of decision frameworks to integrate multiple considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"296-307"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The ecology of plant extinctions.","authors":"Richard T Corlett","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extinctions occur when enough individual plants die without replacement to extirpate a population, and all populations are extirpated. While the ultimate drivers of plant extinctions are known, the proximate mechanisms at individual and population level are not. The fossil record supports climate change as the major driver until recently, with land-use change dominating in recent millennia. Climate change may regain its leading role later this century. Documented recent extinctions have been few and concentrated among narrow-range species, but population extirpations are frequent. Predictions for future extinctions often use flawed methods, but more than half of all plants could be threatened by the end of this century. We need targeted interventions tailored to the needs of each threatened species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"286-295"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142795222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language barriers in conservation: consequences and solutions.","authors":"Tatsuya Amano, Violeta Berdejo-Espinola","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Language barriers can severely hinder the advance of conservation science and its contribution to addressing the biodiversity crisis. We build a framework for understanding how language barriers can impede the evidence-based conservation of biodiversity in three ways: barriers to (i) the generation of evidence by non-native English speakers; (ii) the global synthesis of evidence scattered across different languages; and (iii) the application of English-language evidence to local decision making. We provide evidence, building on a growing body of literature, that quantifies the three consequences of language barriers in conservation. We also propose a checklist of solutions for reducing language barriers in conservation by addressing language disparities among scientists, promoting linguistic diversity in conservation, and making conservation science and its communication multilingual.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"273-285"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mark A F Gillingham, Hanna Prüter, B Karina Montero, Bart Kempenaers
{"title":"The costs and benefits of a dynamic host microbiome.","authors":"Mark A F Gillingham, Hanna Prüter, B Karina Montero, Bart Kempenaers","doi":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All species host a rich community of microbes. This microbiome is dynamic, and displays seasonal, daily, and even hourly changes, but also needs to be resilient to fulfill important roles for the host. In evolutionary ecology, the focus of microbiome dynamism has been on how it can facilitate host adaptation to novel environments. However, an hitherto largely overlooked issue is that the host needs to keep its microbiome in check, which is costly and leads to trade-offs with investing in other fitness-related traits. Investigating these trade-offs in natural vertebrate systems by collecting longitudinal data will lead to deeper insight into the evolutionary mechanisms that shape host-microbiome interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23274,"journal":{"name":"Trends in ecology & evolution","volume":" ","pages":"255-272"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}