Translational Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Growth performance, carcass merit, and nitrogen status of long-fed feedlot steers in response to dietary protein concentrations: a comparison of industry-average and reduced protein diets.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/tas/txag037.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag080"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13313157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148353706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of S-abscisic acid supplementation on the growth performance and antioxidant status of nursery pigs.","authors":"Ron Aldwin S Navales, Jamil E G Faccin, Joel M DeRouchey, Katelyn N Gaffield, Jordan T Gebhardt, Robert D Goodband, Theresa Rathbun, Jason C Woodworth, Daisuke Matsui, Izuru Shinzato, Tetsuya Hiraoka, Tsuyoshi Tonoue, Mike D Tokach","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag086","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 320 nursery pigs (DNA 241 × 600; initially 5.4 ± 0.52 kg) were used to evaluate the effect of dietary S-abscisic acid (S-ABA) supplementation on the growth performance and antioxidant status of pigs. Pigs were weaned at approximately 18 d of age and assigned to pens in generalized randomized block design with sex and weight category as blocking factors. Pigs were fed a common phase 1 diet for 7 d postweaning. On d 7 post-weaning, pen of pigs (6.4 ± 0.57 kg) within sex × weight blocks were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments. Treatments included a conventional nursery diet (Control) and 3 diets which used the Control formulation with increasing S-ABA (0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg). Treatments were provided during phases 2 (d 0 to 14) and 3 (d 14 to 35). Growth performance was measured weekly. Additionally, 32 pigs on d 0 and 2 pigs per pen on d 14 and 35 were bled to assess the erythrocytes' total glutathione (GSH + GSSG), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized to reduced glutathione ratio (GSSG:GSH), and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). At the termination of the trial, 2 pigs in each pen were euthanized and duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosa were collected to measure GSH + GSSG, GSH and GSSG:GSH. No interactive effects between S-ABA and sex on growth performance were observed. Additionally, increasing S-ABA did not influence growth performance. There were also no interactions between S-ABA and collection day on antioxidant parameters. Erythrocyte GSH + GSSG tended to increase (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.056) with increasing S-ABA in the diet on d 14, while GSH tended to increase (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.096) at d 14 and increased up to 1 mg/kg S-ABA (quadratic, <i>P</i> = 0.100) on d 35 with little increase thereafter. The d 35 GSSG:GSH ratio decreased (quadratic, <i>P</i> = 0.022) with increasing S-ABA in the diet. Serum TAC, SOD and TBARS were not influenced by S-ABA in the diet. Similarly, dietary S-ABA had no effect on GSH + GSSG, GSH and GSSG:GSH in the intestinal mucosa. In conclusion, supplementation of S-ABA in the diet reduced the erythrocyte GSSG:GSH ratio without negative effects on growth performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag086"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of increasing soybean meal in late nursery, grower, and finishing pig diets.","authors":"Jamil E G Faccin, Julian Arroyave, Robert D Goodband, Mike D Tokach, Joel M DeRouchey, Jason C Woodworth, Katelyn N Gaffield, Jordan T Gebhardt, Hari B Krishnan","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag082","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Six experiments were conducted to determine the effects of increasing soybean meal (SBM) in late nursery and finishing pig diets on growth performance, fecal characteristics, and carcass traits. In Exp. 1, 266 pigs (initially 10.1 ± 0.17 kg) were randomly assigned to one of four corn-based diets with SBM levels of 25.0, 28.9, 32.5, or 36.2%. In Exp. 2, 340 pigs (initially 13.5 ± 0.18 kg) were randomly assigned to one of five corn-based diets with SBM levels of 25.0, 28.9, 32.5, 36.2, or 40.0%. In Exp. 1, increasing SBM from 25.0 to 36.2%, decreased (linear, <i>P</i> < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and final BW, with no changes in G:F. In Exp. 2, increasing SBM from 25.0 to 40.0%, decreased ADFI (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.017). However, no effect of the SBM level was observed for ADG, final BW, or G:F. In Exp. 3, 615 pigs (initially 43.2 ± 0.68 kg) were randomly assigned to one of five corn-based diets with SBM levels of 19.1, 22.6, 26.3, 29.9, or 33.5% in a 28-d study. At the conclusion of the study, pigs were fed a common diet for 30 d, then re-allotted to one of five corn-based diets with SBM levels of 11.2, 14.2, 17.2, 20.2, or 23.2% (Exp. 4, initially 102.3 ± 1.55 kg). In Exp. 5, 1053 pigs (initially 39.1 ± 0.78 kg) were randomly assigned to one of five corn-based diets containing 20% of corn dry distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) with SBM levels of 18.2, 23.5, 28.9, or 34.3% in a 28-d study. At the conclusion of the study, pigs were fed a common diet for 30 d, then re-allotted (initially 102.2 ± 1.13 kg) to one of five corn-based diets containing 10% DDGS with SBM levels of 9.5, 13.5, 17.5, or 21.5%. For the grower phase, in Exp. 3, increasing SBM increased (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.05) ADG and G:F. However, when DDGS were included in the diet (Exp. 5), no differences were observed in growth performance. For late-finishing pigs (Exp. 4 and 6), no differences were observed for any growth performance or carcass criteria when increasing SBM in either corn or corn-DDGS-based diets. In conclusion, increasing SBM decreased growth performance in 10 kg nursery pigs but not in pigs initially 13.5 kg. In the grower phase, increasing SBM improved growth performance in corn-SBM-based diets, but not diets containing DDGS. During the late finishing phase, SBM level did not affect growth performance or carcass characteristics, regardless of diet formulation strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag082"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a novel insoluble fiber source on growth performance and fecal dry matter in nursery pigs using different formulation strategies.","authors":"Julian Arroyave, Mike D Tokach, Jason C Woodworth, Joel M DeRouchey, Jordan T Gebhardt, Katelyn N Gaffield, Robert D Goodband, David Guillou, Noëmie Lemoine","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of a novel fiber source (ValoproWin; <i>VLPW</i>) composed primarily of insoluble, poorly fermentable fiber on growth performance and fecal dry matter (<i>DM</i>) in nursery pigs. In Exp. 1, 300 weanling pigs (initially 5.6 ± 0.47 kg) were allotted to one of six dietary treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with main effects of dietary formulation strategy (low acid-binding capacity to a pH of 4; <i>ABC-4</i>; vs. conventional) and VLPW feeding duration (0, 10, or 24 d) with a fixed VLPW inclusion of 2.5%. In Exp. 2, 360 weanling pigs (initially 6.3 ± 0.26 kg) were used to evaluate five VLPW levels (0, 1.75, 2.75, 3.75 and 5%) within a low ABC-4 diet and a positive control diet with no added VLPW and the ABC-4 was not considered (conventional). In Exp. 3, 335 weanling pigs (initially 5.6 ± 0.87 kg) were used in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial evaluating VLPW addition (2.5 or 5%) and formulation method (diluted or adjusted), with a control diet without VLPW. Across all three experiments, pigs were fed experimental diets during the first two dietary phases (approximately from weaning at 21 d of age to d 24 postweaning), followed by a common phase 3 diet. In experiments 1 and 2, no nutrient adjustments were made to the diet when VLPW was added, which resulted in nutrient dilution proportional to the VLPW level. In Exp. 1, VLPW feeding duration did not affect growth performance, whereas in Exp. 2, increasing VLPW tended (quadratic, <i>P</i> = 0.067) to decrease overall average daily gain ( <b><i>ADG</i></b> ). In Exp. 3, pigs fed diets with 5% of VLPW during the experimental period tended (<i>P</i> = 0.057) to have decreased gain-to-feed ratio compared with those fed diets with 2.5% VLPW. Across all experiments, although low ABC-4 diets or diet dilution affected growth performance during the experimental period, no overall differences were observed. In Exp. 1, added VLPW increased fecal DM at d 10 (<i>P</i> = 0.019). In Exp. 2, fecal DM increased (linear, <i>P</i> < 0.005) on d 10 and 24 as VLPW increased. Similarly, in Exp. 3, increasing VLPW increased (linear, <i>P</i> < 0.001) fecal DM on d 10, regardless of formulation method. In conclusion, VLPW increased fecal DM in weanling pigs but had no effects on overall growth performance across multiple dietary strategies and inclusion levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag083"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13356045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of supplementation of vitamin B-complex on performance of beef calves during a 42-day preconditioning program.","authors":"Erica F de Oliveira, Aline C R Dos Santos, Ana L P Ramalho, Carlos E M Dos Santos, Matheus F L Ferreira, Jeff Heldt, Chance Farmer, Juliana Ranches","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag084","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of supplementation levels of a blend of vitamin B complex offered to weaned beef calves in a 42-day preconditioning program. Sixty-three Angus × Hereford calves were stratified by body weight (BW; 252 ± 3.7 kg) after weaning (d0) and allocated into 21 pens (3 calves/pen). Pens were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: (1) Control, (2) VitB1g, or (3) VitB2g. Calves assigned to vitamin B supplementation received vitamin B complex (1 vs. 2 g/calf daily; Vivalto, Selko USA; containing pantothenic acid [B5], pyridoxine [B6], folic acid [B9], biotin [B7], cyanocobalamin [B12]) mixed with 1.3 kg of dried distillers' grains (DDG), while calves in the Control group received only DDG. All calves had free-choice access to chopped alfalfa-grass hay and limited whole corn. Body weights and blood samples were collected from all calves on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 42 relative to weaning to evaluate plasma cortisol and acute-phase proteins. Vitamin B7 concentration was measured on days 0, 14 and 42. Pen was the experimental unit, and data were analyzed as repeated measures using the MIXED procedure in SAS. No effects of treatment, day, and the interaction (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.23) were observed for any of the growth performance variables analyzed. At weaning, all calves had similar (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.91) plasma vitamin B7 concentrations, and with two weeks of supplementation, on d14, calves assigned to VitB2g treatment had greater (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.005) vitamin B7 concentration than calves assigned to VitB1g and Control treatments, which had similar vitamin B7 concentrations (<i>P</i> = 0.79). At the end of the preconditioning phase, on d42, calves assigned to VitB2g had greater (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.02) vitamin B7 concentrations than calves assigned to VitB1g and Control treatments, which continued to remain similar (<i>P</i> = 0.17). A tendency for a treatment × day (<i>P</i> = 0.08) for cortisol concentration was observed. Cortisol concentrations were similar at weaning (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.89). Interestingly, at the end of the supplementation, calves supplemented with vitamin B complex, regardless of vitamin level supplementation, had lower cortisol concentration (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) than calves assigned to the Control treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest that vitamin B complex supplementation during preconditioning enhances circulating vitamin B7 concentration, especially at 2 g/d, and may attenuate physiological stress responses in weaned beef calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13318490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on feedlot lamb growth performance, serum biochemical markers, fecal consistency, and fecal microbiota.","authors":"Kristen E Kahler, Kelsey L Bentley, Payton L Dahmer","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag085","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary, environmental, and physiological changes can challenge lamb health and performance during the feedlot transition. This study evaluated supplementation with a liquid direct-fed microbial (DFM; RSG Prime by BIO S.I.) on growth, fecal consistency, blood parameters, and fecal microbial populations in feedlot lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. Seventy-two Dorper × Katahdin lambs (60 d of age, initially 26.73 ± 0.35 kg BW) were fed for 63 d at Kansas State University. Lambs were randomly assigned by initial body weight to pens (3 lambs/pen) and allotted to one of two treatments during the treatment period (d 0-63), with 12 replications per treatment. Treatments were (1) control (CON, no DFM) or (2) DFM supplementation (15 mL/head, orally once daily at 08:00). The DFM contained <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> (10 million CFU/mL), <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (3.5 million CFU/mL), <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (3 million CFU/mL), and <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> (2 million CFU/mL). Lambs and feeders were weighed weekly to determine average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI), and gain-to-feed ratio (G: F). Feces were scored weekly (d 0-42). Blood was collected on d 0 and 21 from one lamb/pen, and fecal samples were collected for microbial analysis. No differences (<i>P</i> > 0.05) were observed for ADG, ADFI, or G: F. Fecal scores were unaffected by treatment (<i>P</i> > 0.05) but improved over time (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). No treatment × day interactions were detected for blood variables. Serum calcium tended to be lower (<i>P</i> = 0.06) in lambs supplemented with a DFM. Albumin and anion gap decreased significantly from d 0 to 21 (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01), while glucose, urea nitrogen, globulin, magnesium, and bicarbonate increased (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.03). Calcium and potassium tended to be greater in the control group (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.10). Relative abundance of several genera in the feces showed a significant treatment effect (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) There were statistically significant shifts <i>(P</i> ≤ 0.05) in fecal microbial populations from d 0 to 21. <i>Opitutae, Bifidobacteriales, Treponema</i>, and <i>Bifidobacterium</i> showed treatment × day interactions (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). In summary, DFM supplementation did not significantly alter growth performance or fecal consistency in feedlot lambs. Lambs supplemented with a DFM had alterations in serum chemistry and changes in fecal microbial populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13316417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feedlot profitability through the integration of simulated rations and stochastic market dynamics.","authors":"Elliott Dennis, Shara Akat, James C MacDonald, Russell Knight","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurately measuring feedlot profitability is critical for management and policy decisions, yet existing benchmarks often rely on limited closeout data and simplified feeding assumptions. We develop a High Plains feedlot simulator that integrates least-cost ration formulation with cattle performance and market dynamics using 2016 Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle manual. We use monthly feed, feeder cattle, and fed cattle prices from 2000 to 2024. Simulated performance aligns with industry benchmarks, with average daily gain of 3.72 lb/day compared with 3.59 and 3.67 lb/day reported by Kansas State and Iowa State, and estimated days on feed averaging 184 days versus 170 and 152 days. Cost-of-gain estimates closely track observed series, with correlation coefficients of 0.83 and 0.91 relative to Iowa and Kansas data, root mean square prediction errors of $12.87/cwt and $8.56/cwt, and mean biases of $0.71/cwt and -$0.03/cwt. Net margins average approximately -$5.62/cwt of finishing weight under a cash-to-cash framework without risk management. Ration composition is dominated by steam-flaked sorghum (≈36.4% of dry matter), steam-flaked corn (≈28.49%), and distillers grains with solubles (≈19.80%), with corn silage as the primary roughage. Sensitivity analysis shows profitability is most responsive to feeder cattle prices, with mean net margins shifting from -$14.58 to $3.33/cwt under ± 10% price changes, while corn price effects are more moderate and distillers grains and transportation costs have smaller impacts. Animal performance metrics remain stable across price scenarios. Ingredient substitution occurs primarily between corn and sorghum, with corn inclusion declining by 4.15% for each 1% increase in corn prices and sorghum increasing by 3.79%. Overall, the framework provides a transparent and regionally adaptable tool for profitability benchmarking and feedlot decision support in High Plains cattle feeding systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag061"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13308699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic impact of clinical and subclinical mastitis: a herd-level cost analysis in dairy cattle farms of Lugo (Northwest of Spain).","authors":"J Álvarez, E N Martínez, M García, J Hernández, R Muiño, A Acción, R Barrionuevo, U Yáñez, A I Peña, J J Becerra, L A Quintela","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mastitis remains one of the most important causes of economic loss in dairy farms. However, few studies have quantified the herd-level costs of both clinical (CM) and subclinical (SM) mastitis. The objectives of this study were to estimate the annual economic impact of CM and SM in dairy farms located in Northwest Spain, to disaggregate costs into their principal direct and indirect components, and to assess the relative contribution of both presentations of mastitis to total economic losses. A retrospective observational herd-level economic analysis was conducted using production, health, reproductive, and economic data collected during 2023 from 63 commercial dairy farms enrolled in a milk recording and quality control program. A deterministic economic model integrating farm-specific data with coefficients derived from the literature was used to estimate direct and indirect costs. Parameter uncertainty was evaluated through a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations and a dominance analysis. Average mastitis total cost was €31,643.48 per farm per year (€261.23/cow). Subclinical mastitis accounted for €18,480.56 (58.4%) and CM for €13,162.99 (41.6%). In the deterministic analysis, milk production losses were the largest contributor to both CM (€3679.60 ± 5954.92) and SM (€15,643.70 ± 14,797.20) costs. However, under uncertainty, culling-related costs were the most frequent primary driver of total economic losses (72.2% of simulations), followed by increased days open (21.9%) and milk-related losses (5.9%). Mastitis represents a substantial economic burden in Atlantic dairy systems. Although milk losses are consistently important, culling and reproductive inefficiency may dominate total costs under plausible biological and economic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag081"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13331285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of increasing standardized ileal digestible valine:lysine ratio on growth performance and plasma urea nitrogen of 21 to 116 kg pigs.","authors":"Samantha A Swanson, Andrew W Boschert, Mikayla S Spinler, Grady A Privett, Robert D Goodband, Mike D Tokach, Jason C Woodworth, Joel M DeRouchey, Katelyn N Gaffield, Jordan T Gebhardt","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag079","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three experiments evaluated the effects of increasing standardized ileal digestible (SID) Val:Lys ratio on growth performance and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) of pigs from 21 to 116 kg. In Exp. 1, 351 pigs (initially 21.4 ± 0.35 kg) were used in a 21-d study. Pens of pigs were blocked by body weight (BW) and randomly allotted to one of six dietary treatments with five pigs per pen and 12 replications per treatment. The SID Val levels were 60, 63, 66, 69, 72, and 75% of Lys. Pigs were weighed on d 0 and 21 to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain:feed ratio (G:F). A blood sample was collected from 2 pigs per pen on d 10 after a 5-h fasting period. Gain:feed ratio increased (linear, <i>P = </i>0.012) as SID Val:Lys ratio increased, but with little improvement past 69% SID Val:Lys ratio as supported by broken-line analysis. Increasing Val:Lys ratio increased (linear, <i>P = </i>0.029) PUN but no differences were observed for ADG or ADFI. In Exp. 2, 647 pigs (initially 38.6 ± 0.90 kg) were used in a 27-d experiment. Pens of 8 or 9 pigs were blocked by BW and randomly allotted to one of six dietary treatments with 12 replications per treatment. The SID Val levels were 60, 63, 66, 69, 72, and 75% of Lys. Pigs were weighed on d 0 and 27 and after a 10 h fasting period on d 15, blood was collected from 3 pigs per pen. Final BW, ADG, and ADFI increased (quadratic, <i>P </i>< 0.05) as SID Val:Lys ratio increased. A quadratic polynomial analysis indicated a SID Val:Lys ratio of near 69% maximized ADG. As the SID Val:Lys ratio increased, both G:F and PUN decreased (linear, <i>P </i>< 0.050). After a 30-d common feeding period, the same 647 pigs (initially 90.0 ± 1.86 kg) from Exp. 2 were used in another 27-d experiment (Exp. 3). Pens of pigs were randomly reallotted to one of six dietary treatments and weighed on d 0 and 27. The SID Val levels were 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, and 78% of Lys. On d 15, after a 10-h fasting period, blood was collected from 3 pigs per pen. Average daily gain and ADFI increased (linear, <i>P </i>< 0.05) as SID Val:Lys ratio increased. However, little improvement in ADG was observed when feeding greater than 69% SID Val: Lys ratio. Final BW also tended to increase (linear, <i>P = </i>0.078) as SID Val:Lys ratio increased; however, there was no evidence of an effect on G:F or PUN. These results indicate a SID Val:Lys ratio of 69% appears to maximize ADG or G:F for 21 to 40 and 38 to 67 kg pigs. In 90 to 116 kg pigs, a ratio of at least 69% SID Val:Lys appeared to be sufficient for growth performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag079"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13308700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of ruminally protected lysine on growth and nitrogen balance of grain-finished beef cattle fed diets of decreasing protein concentration.","authors":"Donald S Herzog, Janghoon Jo, Daiki Nakajima, Kazuki Nakagawa, Rodrigo de Nazare Santos Torres, Lester J Nolasco, Jon P Schoonmaker","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag076","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of ruminally protected lysine (AjiPro-L) supplementation on performance and nitrogen (N) balance of feedlot cattle fed decreasing concentrations of dietary protein. Diets contained (DM basis) 68.3% to 72.2% corn, 10% grass silage, 5.5% supplement, and soybean co-products (meal, hulls). Treatments consisted of a standard protein control diet (14.4% CP, CON), a reduced crude protein (CP) diet supplemented with 0.163% AjiPro-L (12.4% CP, RCP1), and a reduced CP diet supplemented with 0.315% AjiPro-L (11.6% CP, RCP2). In experiment one, 90 steers were allotted by weight (352 ± 13.8 kg) to 1 of 3 treatments to determine the effect of diets on performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were slaughtered at a target BW of 642 kg. In experiment two, 6 heifers (393 ± 10.9 kg) were allotted to the same diets in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design (28-d periods) to determine the effect of diets on N balance. Urine and feces were collected and quantified daily during the last 4 days of each period using a urinary catheter and fecal bag. Statistical analyses were conducted using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Decreasing CP and adding lysine to high grain feedlot diets did not affect weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake, gain:feed, or days on feed (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.11) and did not affect blood concentrations of total protein, urea N, alanine aminotransferase, or triglyceride (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.54). Diet did not affect hot carcass weight, fat depth, longissimus muscle area, KPH%, or marbling score (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.22). Steers fed RCP2 had a decreased dressing percentage compared to steers fed CON and RCP1 (<i>P</i> = 0.01). Steers fed RCP1 and RCP2 tended produced carcasses with a decreased yield grade (<i>P</i> = 0.10) compared with steers fed the CON diet. Heifers fed RCP2 excreted less total N (<i>P</i> = 0.04) and tended to excrete less urinary N (<i>P</i> = 0.07) compared with heifers fed CON. Total and urinary N excretion did not differ for heifers fed RCP1 compared to heifers fed CON or RCP2 (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.10). The percentage of N excreted in feces was greater for heifers fed RCP2 compared with heifers fed CON or RCP1 (<i>P</i> = 0.04). In conclusion, decreasing dietary CP to 11.6% in high grain feedlot diets and adding lysine to meet amino acid requirements decreased N excretion, improved carcass leanness, and did not alter animal performance or blood parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}