Hakan Doga, Aritra Bose, M Emre Sahin, Joao Bettencourt-Silva, Anh Pham, Eunyoung Kim, Alan Andress, Sudhir Saxena, Laxmi Parida, Jan Lukas Robertus, Hideaki Kawaguchi, Radwa Soliman, Daniel Blankenberg
{"title":"How can quantum computing be applied in clinical trial design and optimization?","authors":"Hakan Doga, Aritra Bose, M Emre Sahin, Joao Bettencourt-Silva, Anh Pham, Eunyoung Kim, Alan Andress, Sudhir Saxena, Laxmi Parida, Jan Lukas Robertus, Hideaki Kawaguchi, Radwa Soliman, Daniel Blankenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical trials are necessary for assessing the safety and efficacy of treatments. However, trial timelines are severely delayed with minimal success due to a multitude of factors, including imperfect trial site selection, cohort recruitment challenges, lack of efficacy, absence of reliable biomarkers, etc. Each of these factors possesses a unique computational challenge, such as data management, trial simulations, statistical analyses, and trial optimization. Recent advancements in quantum computing offer a promising opportunity to overcome these hurdles. In this opinion we uniquely explore the application of quantum optimization and quantum machine learning (QML) to the design and execution of clinical trials. We examine the current capabilities and limitations of quantum computing and outline its potential to streamline clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":" ","pages":"880-891"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanna E Andersen, Wolfgang Boehmerle, Petra Huehnchen, Tore B Stage
{"title":"Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.","authors":"Nanna E Andersen, Wolfgang Boehmerle, Petra Huehnchen, Tore B Stage","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of chemotherapy. The frequency of CIPN ranges from one in three to almost all patients depending on type of chemotherapy and dose. It causes symptoms that can range from sensitivity to touch and numbness to neuropathic pain in hands and feet. CIPN is notoriously difficult to grade objectively and has mostly relied on a clinician- or patient-based rating that is subjective and poorly reproducible. Thus, considerable effort has been aimed at identifying objective biomarkers of CIPN. Recent in vitro, animal, and clinical studies suggest that neurofilament light chain (NFL), a structural neuronal protein, may be an objective biomarker of CIPN. NFL released from cells to cell culture media reflects in vitro neurotoxicity, while NFL in serum reflects neuronal damage caused by chemotherapy in rodent models. Finally, NFL in serum may be a diagnostic biomarker of CIPN, but its prognostic ability to predict CIPN requires prospective evaluation. We discuss current limitations and future perspectives on the use of NFL as a preclinical and clinical biomarker of CIPN.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":" ","pages":"872-879"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeting TRPM channels for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.","authors":"Dai-Qiang Liu, Wei Mei, Ya-Qun Zhou, Hong Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We highlight recent findings on the involvement of TRPM channels in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and calcium overload. We also discuss the challenges and future directions in targeting TRPM channels for cerebral I/R injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":" ","pages":"862-867"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141634629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spare the pain for your gut Treg cells!","authors":"Manon Defaye, Christophe Altier","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maintaining gut homeostasis requires a complex interplay between the nervous and immune systems and the microbiome, but the nature of their interactions remains unclear. Chiu and Benoist's teams employed designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD)-based chemogenetics to target specific neuronal cell types and evaluate their effects on both the gut immune system and the microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":" ","pages":"859-861"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metabolic regulation in normal and leukemic stem cells","authors":"Cheuk-Him Man, Changzheng Li, Xi Xu, Meng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are crucial for ensuring hematopoietic homeostasis and driving leukemia progression, respectively. Recent research has revealed that metabolic adaptations significantly regulate the function and survival of these stem cells. In this review, we provide an overview of how metabolic pathways regulate oxidative and proteostatic stresses in HSCs during homeostasis and aging. Furthermore, we highlight targetable metabolic pathways and explore their interactions with epigenetics and the microenvironment in addressing the chemoresistance and immune evasion capacities of LSCs. The metabolic differences between HSCs and LSCs have profound implications for therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rezdiffra™ (resmetirom): a THR-β agonist for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis","authors":"Niki F. Brisnovali, Connor Haney, Leigh Goedeke","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhengyue Fei, Jiamin Zheng, Xiangxiang Zheng, Hao Ren, Guannan Liu
{"title":"Engineering extracellular vesicles for diagnosis and therapy","authors":"Zhengyue Fei, Jiamin Zheng, Xiangxiang Zheng, Hao Ren, Guannan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extracellular vesicle (EV)-based therapeutics have gained substantial interest in the areas of drug delivery, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine. However, the clinical translation of EVs has been slowed due to limited yields and functional heterogeneity, as well as inadequate targeting. Engineering EVs to modify their inherent function and endow them with additional functions has the potential to advance the clinical translation of EV applications. Bio-orthogonal click chemistry is an engineering approach that modifies EVs in a controlled, specific, and targeted way without compromising their intrinsic structure. Here, we provide an overview of bio-orthogonal labeling approaches involved in EV engineering. We also present the isolation methods of bio-orthogonally labeled vesicles using magnetic beads, microfluidics, and microarray chip technologies. We highlight the <em>in vivo</em> applications of bio-orthogonal labeling EVs for diagnosis and therapy, especially the exciting potential of bio-orthogonal glycometabolic engineered EVs for targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ulcerative colitis: clinical biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and emerging treatments","authors":"Phurpa Wangchuk, Karma Yeshi, Alex Loukas","doi":"10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two forms of inflammatory bowel disease. It affects 5 million people globally, and is a chronic and recurring inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with clinical presentation of abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and weight loss. The cause and the etiology of UC remain poorly understood. There is no cure and no ‘gold standard diagnostic’ for UC. The existing treatments are ineffective, and UC patients have a lower life expectancy with a risk of colorectal cancer. Recent studies in pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and biomarkers have significantly improved our understanding of UC. In this review we summarize recent advances in identifying novel clinical biomarkers, diagnostics, treatment targets, and emerging therapeutics. These insights are expected to assist in developing effective treatments for UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subscription and Copyright Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0165-6147(24)00175-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-6147(24)00175-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":23250,"journal":{"name":"Trends in pharmacological sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}