Toxicology Reports最新文献_第4页

Micro- and nanoplastic toxicity in humans: Exposure pathways, cellular effects, and mitigation strategies. 人体微和纳米塑性毒性：暴露途径、细胞效应和缓解策略。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-10 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102043

Faezeh Jahedi, Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard

{"title":"Micro- and nanoplastic toxicity in humans: Exposure pathways, cellular effects, and mitigation strategies.","authors":"Faezeh Jahedi, Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102043","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are emerging environmental contaminants with increasing scientific evidence suggesting their potential risks to human health. The present review systematically explores the pathways through which these particles enter the human body, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of their toxicity, and current strategies to mitigate their effects. A structured literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, focusing on studies published between 2019 and 2024 across major scientific databases. MNPs primarily enter the human system via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Once internalized, they can accumulate in various organs and trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and genotoxic effects. These toxic responses have been linked to chronic conditions such as metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, obesity), immune dysfunction, and neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, this review highlights emerging attenuation strategies, including advanced filtration technologies, bioremediation approaches, and bioactive compounds such as melatonin, astaxanthin, and probiotics. By identifying exposure pathways, toxic effects, and current research gaps, this review provides a comprehensive foundation for developing effective interventions to reduce MNP-related health risks and inform future toxicological studies.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"102043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liver disorders and phytotherapy. 肝脏疾病和植物疗法。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-10 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102047

Syed Sanober Qadri, Darakhshan Javaid, Adfar Reyaz, Shahid Yousuf Ganie, Mohd Salim Reshi

{"title":"Liver disorders and phytotherapy.","authors":"Syed Sanober Qadri, Darakhshan Javaid, Adfar Reyaz, Shahid Yousuf Ganie, Mohd Salim Reshi","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102047","url":null,"abstract":"The liver is an essential organ crucial for metabolism, detoxification, and maintaining homeostasis, faces growing global health challenges such as alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. These conditions collectively account for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although traditional treatments help control symptoms and slow disease progression, they are frequently hindered by issues such as drug resistance, side effects, and high costs, especially in areas with limited resources. Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a significant concern. Traditional medicine offers a promising avenue for addressing these limitations, with numerous plants demonstrating hepatoprotective properties through their bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids. These natural agents not only mitigate hepatic damage but also provide immune modulation and chronic disease management. This review examines liver injury mechanisms and highlights the therapeutic potential of traditionally used medicinal plants in treating and preventing the liver diseases, emphasizing the integration of traditional knowledge with modern pharmacological advancements.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"102047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of global DNA methylation in citrinin induced toxicity: In vitro and in silico approach. 整体DNA甲基化在柑桔碱诱导毒性中的作用：体外和计算机方法。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-09 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102046

Metin Caner Cakir, Sibel Ozden

{"title":"The role of global DNA methylation in citrinin induced toxicity: In vitro and in silico approach.","authors":"Metin Caner Cakir, Sibel Ozden","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102046","url":null,"abstract":"Citrinin (CIT) is a widely occurring mycotoxin which exhibits a variety of toxic effects. Only a few countries have legal limitations on CIT content in foods, despite the dangers it presents. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of CIT on DNA methylation in SH-SY5Y and HK-2 cells and to perform docking studies to explore the possible interactions between CIT and DNMT enzymes. In SH-SY5Y cells, global DNA methylation levels increased by 1.90-fold (p < 0.05) and 1.50-fold (p < 0.05) at 50 and 100 μM of CIT, respectively. In HK-2 cells, the increase was 3.17-fold (p < 0.05) following exposure to 50 μM of CIT. In SH-SY5Y cells, DNMT-1, DNMT-3a, DNMT-3b and TET-3 expressions increased significantly, while TET-1 and TET-2 expressions decreased significantly. In HK-2 cells, no significant change in DNMT-1 expression was observed, while DNMT-3a and DNMT-3b expressions increased significantly. Significant decreases in TET-1, TET-2 and TET-3 expressions were observed in HK-2 cells. The docking results suggest that CIT may interact with DNMTs with a high degree of binding, which could potentially lead to the inhibition of these enzymes. The results of this study indicate that DNA methylation may be involved in CIT-induced toxicity. Epigenetic mechanisms and in silico studies hold great potential for advancing chemical risk assessment by uncovering toxicity mechanisms, and the standardization of these techniques is crucial for their integration into policymaking. Accordingly, this study introduces a novel aspect of the potential mechanism of CIT in the risk assessment process.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"102046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12144503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lead neurotoxicity in experimental models: A systematic review on effects on the cerebrum, cerebellum, and hippocampus. 实验模型中的铅神经毒性：对大脑、小脑和海马体影响的系统综述。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-08 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102044

Fredrick Ohiomokhai Tobalu, Adaze Bijou Enogieru

{"title":"Lead neurotoxicity in experimental models: A systematic review on effects on the cerebrum, cerebellum, and hippocampus.","authors":"Fredrick Ohiomokhai Tobalu, Adaze Bijou Enogieru","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102044","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive use of heavy metals, such as lead, has resulted in environmental damage and numerous health problems in many parts of the world. Reports indicate that lead is the most significant toxic heavy metal with adverse impacts on several body systems. Primarily, lead targets the nervous system and causes a variety of neurological, motor, and behavioral deficits in humans and laboratory animals. Although several reports demonstrate the toxicity of lead, there is a paucity of comprehensive and updated reviews to highlight various histopathological findings on the effects of lead and its mechanisms of action on different brain structures; accordingly, this review was designed to address this gap. To achieve this, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) system was utilized, and prominent scientific databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, ResearchGate, Science Direct, Pubmed, and Google Scholar were searched to obtain information on the effects of lead and its mechanisms of action on different brain regions. Initially, 133 articles were obtained, but 60 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria and were selected for this review. These findings provide an updated compilation of lead toxicity and its mechanisms of action on different brain structures in experimental models. In addition, this review helps to advance the comprehension of lead poisoning and its harmful effects on the brain and may aid in the search for the development of novel therapeutic agents capable of mitigating lead toxicity and its associated neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"102044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety evaluation of Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov. DSM 33459. 马蹄莲的安全性评价。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-05-04 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102042

Jeffrey Pitt, Mark R Bauter, Ritesh Kumar, Oliver Hasselwander, Ashley A Hibberd, Helene Kane, Qiong Wang, Isabelle Auzanneau, Stéphanie Bry, Elisabeth David, Pauline Seguinot, Frank Burns, Amy B Smith

{"title":"Safety evaluation of Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov. DSM 33459.","authors":"Jeffrey Pitt, Mark R Bauter, Ritesh Kumar, Oliver Hasselwander, Ashley A Hibberd, Helene Kane, Qiong Wang, Isabelle Auzanneau, Stéphanie Bry, Elisabeth David, Pauline Seguinot, Frank Burns, Amy B Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102042","url":null,"abstract":"A novel strain of Akkermansia massiliensis sp. nov., designated as DSM 33459, was isolated from the feces of a healthy human donor. In order to fully assess the safety of this strain, following previously performed full genomic assessment, further in-vitro characterization and a combined in-vivo subchronic 28-day and 90-day toxicity study is reported herein. A. massiliensis DSM 33459 is tolerant to bile, somewhat tolerant to gastric juice pH conditions, and does not exhibit any aspects of virulence. This strain also demonstrates the ability to engraft the gastrointestinal tract of rats, persisting with continuous administration of the strain until the end of the study. Exposure to 2000 mg/kg BW/day A. massiliensis DSM 33459 did not produce any evidence of toxicity after either 28- or 90-days of exposure and did not translocate across the gastrointestinal barrier. Therefore, the NOEL for A. massiliensis DSM 33459, administered for 28- or 90-days, was determined to be the limit dose at 2000 mg/kg/day in male and female rats, a level which meets or exceeds calculated dose equivalent of 5.62 × 1011 CFU/kg/day.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"102042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing precision medicine: Uncovering biomarkers and strategies to mitigate immune-related adverse events in immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. 推进精准医学：揭示生物标志物和策略，以减轻免疫检查点抑制剂治疗中的免疫相关不良事件。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-04-24 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102035

K L Nityashree, P Rachitha, Shilpa Hanchinmane, Vinay B Raghavendra

{"title":"Advancing precision medicine: Uncovering biomarkers and strategies to mitigate immune-related adverse events in immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy.","authors":"K L Nityashree, P Rachitha, Shilpa Hanchinmane, Vinay B Raghavendra","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102035","url":null,"abstract":"Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can have a major influence on patient outcomes, but their usage is frequently confounded by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which have revolutionized cancer treatment by increasing anti-tumor immunity. With a focus on immunological dysregulation and the resulting tissue-specific toxicities, this review clarifies the fundamental processes of irAEs. We look at contemporary clinical treatment techniques to lessen the impact of these adverse events, such as the application of immunosuppressants and patient monitoring procedures. Additionally, it is emphasized how future research is necessary to find predictive biomarkers that can forecast the development of irAEs, allowing for early intervention and individualized therapy methods. In order to improve the therapeutic index of ICIs, we also examine the crucial balance between optimizing anti-tumor activity and reducing immunotoxicity. This study aims to further the existing discussion on enhancing the safety and effectiveness of ICI medicines, which will eventually improve cancer patient care, by pointing out possible research avenues.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"102035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12127610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into medication-induced liver injury: Understanding and management strategies. 洞察药物性肝损伤：理解和管理策略。

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-03-01 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101976

Vatsalya Tiwari, Shrishti Shandily, Jessielina Albert, Vaibhav Mishra, Manoj Dikkatwar, Rohit Singh, Sujit Kumar Sah, Sharad Chand

{"title":"Insights into medication-induced liver injury: Understanding and management strategies.","authors":"Vatsalya Tiwari, Shrishti Shandily, Jessielina Albert, Vaibhav Mishra, Manoj Dikkatwar, Rohit Singh, Sujit Kumar Sah, Sharad Chand","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101976","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has increasingly become a major concern in Western countries since the late 1960s, with an estimated annual incidence of 13.9-19.1 cases per 100,000 people. DILI is a significant cause of acute liver failure, exhibiting a high mortality rate of 10-50 %. Its etiology includes medications, herbal products, and dietary supplements, exacerbated by pre-existing liver conditions, sonorities, pregnancy, and nutritional deficiencies. It is categorized into intrinsic and idiosyncratic reactions. Intrinsic DILI, dose-dependent and predictable, is primarily caused by substances like paracetamol, which leads to liver toxicity through direct metabolic pathways. In contrast, idiosyncratic DILI is less common, unpredictable, and affects susceptible individuals, with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and cardiovascular agents frequently implicated in hospitals. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, bile salt export inhibition, and stress on the endoplasmic reticulum are some DILI-related pathophysiology. Diagnosis relies on biochemical tests, serological markers, radiological investigations, and liver biopsy. Management strategies emphasize the identification and cessation of the offending drugs, supportive care, and specific treatment options targeted to the culprit drugs. Management depends on the severity and nature of the injury.","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"101976"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11928981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In silico, in vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of the antitumoral peptide GK-1 硅片上，抗肿瘤肽GK-1的体内外毒性评价

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101962

Sergio Sifontes-Rodríguez , Juan Alberto Hernández-Aceves , Carlos Gerardo Salas- Garrido , Diego Moctezuma Rocha , Iván Nicolás Pérez-Osorio , Nelly Villalobos , Edda Sciutto , Gladis Fragoso

{"title":"In silico, in vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of the antitumoral peptide GK-1","authors":"Sergio Sifontes-Rodríguez , Juan Alberto Hernández-Aceves , Carlos Gerardo Salas- Garrido , Diego Moctezuma Rocha , Iván Nicolás Pérez-Osorio , Nelly Villalobos , Edda Sciutto , Gladis Fragoso","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peptide drugs have emerged as an attractive alternative for cancer treatment due to their potency, high specificity, general safety and low cost. GK-1 is a linear 18 amino acid peptide with proven immunomodulator, antitumor and antimetastatic capacity in animal models. Preclinical toxicity studies for its use as a vaccine adjuvant demonstrated its safety in various assay systems, but a comprehensive exploration of its toxicity profile is required to be used in cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, in the present work, the potential toxicity of GK-1 was predicted with ToxinPred 3.0 software, and its in vitro cytotoxicity, and single-dose and repeated-dose toxicity by subcutaneous route in mice were experimentally assessed. GK-1 peptide was predicted as a non-toxic and did not exhibit in vitro cytotoxicity for several non-tumor and tumor cell lines and primary cell cultures at concentrations up to 500 µM, reinforcing previous studies pointing that the antitumoral effect of GK-1 was not mediated by tumor cell cytotoxicity. The single-dose toxicity study did not evidence local or systemic toxicity up to the maximum tested dose of 1000 mg/kg. Moreover, no toxic effects were observed in the repeated-dose toxicity study based on four doses administered weekly at up to 300 mg/kg. Considering that GK-1 is effective in triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma models in mice at doses as low as 5 mg/kg, the present results support the safety of GK-1 as an antitumoral peptide candidate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101962"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to: “Co-delivery of methotrexate and berberine based on PAMAM dendrimers for targeting HeLa cancer cells” [Toxicol. Rep. Volume 13, December 2024, 101765] “基于PAMAM树突状大分子的甲氨蝶呤和小檗碱联合递送靶向HeLa癌细胞”的勘误表[毒理学杂志]。第13卷，2024年12月，101765]

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101957

Hossein Majidzadeh , Mostafa Araj-Khodaei , Ayuob Aghanejad , Maryam Ghaffari , Amir Jafari , Forough Jenanifard , Jafar Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi , Hashem Andishmand , Michael R. Hamblin

引用次数: 0

Mini meta-analysis of anticholinesterase actions of atorvastatin, simvastatin and rosuvastatin, and in silico identification of their protein targets in Mus musculus 阿托伐他汀、辛伐他汀和瑞舒伐他汀抗胆碱酯酶作用的小型荟萃分析，以及它们在小家鼠体内蛋白靶点的计算机鉴定

Toxicology Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101958

Fouad Kasim Mohammad , Rawnaq Faris Al-Shalchi

{"title":"Mini meta-analysis of anticholinesterase actions of atorvastatin, simvastatin and rosuvastatin, and in silico identification of their protein targets in Mus musculus","authors":"Fouad Kasim Mohammad , Rawnaq Faris Al-Shalchi","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dyslipidemic statins reduce blood and brain cholinesterase (ChE) activities in mice, with scarce information on other protein/enzyme targets. The study aims at conducting a mini meta-analysis on in vivo and in vitro adverse anti-ChE effects of atorvastatin, simvastatin and rosuvastatin in mice, and using the SwissPrediction to identify in silico body target proteins. The data comprised 72 records of plasma, erythrocytes and brain ChE activities, expressed as percent mean ± SD of respective controls. We conducted a randomized effects size single-arm meta-analysis. The risk of bias scoring was according to those of animal experiments. The effect size (% ChE activity) of statin treatments was significantly decreased by 25.85 % (combined effect size=74.15, p = 0.0001), with significant heterogeneity (Q=1133.19, p < 0.0001, I2=93.73 %). Subgroup analysis was significantly dose and concentration-dependent. The funnel plot showed non-symmetrical data distribution, with no imputed points. The risk of bias was moderate. In silico mouse body protein targets for the statins were mainly classes of Family AG protein- coupled receptor (20.0 %-33.3 %), Oxidoreductase (6.7–13.3 %) and Eraser (13.3 % each), with others at 0–26.7 %. The findings highlight statin effects in mice by reducing blood and brain ChE activities, in a dose/concentration-dependent manner, that would potentially modulate the cholinergic system. This anti-ChE effect together with in silico protein targets recognized could be the basis of further experimental explorations of adverse effects of statins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101958"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0