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Stosunek do przeszłości jako czynnik kształtujący pokoleniowe autoidentyfikacje młodzieży w krajach postkomunistycznych
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.2.8
Radosław Marzęcki
{"title":"Stosunek do przeszłości jako czynnik kształtujący pokoleniowe autoidentyfikacje młodzieży w krajach postkomunistycznych","authors":"Radosław Marzęcki","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"When we observe the social and political life in post-communist countries, we can also notice that generations of people born after the fall of communism are beginning to play an increasingly important role in shaping the views and political preferences of the whole society. Young people socialized in significantly different conditions than their parents’ generation represent (in many areas) attitudes that indicate their “generational difference”. The aim of the article is to describe and explain to what extent the assessments of systemic transformation in chosen post-communist countries are determined by the age of citizens. The author analyzes secondary data from surveys on public opinion in the following countries: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Slovakia and Ukraine. In order to explain how young people perceive their position in relation to the older generation, which remembers the communist era, an appropriate case study was conducted. The study was conducted among students from six academic centers in Ukraine (Kyiv, Lviv, Nizhyn, Pereiaslav, Sumy, and Uzhhorod). It was found that the strength of the relationship between age and the perception of systemic change varies across countries. The deepest divisions between the older and younger generations were identified in Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Ukraine and Bulgaria. It was also found that the young generation of contemporary Ukraine is trying to emphasize its own generational difference by creating its own political identity in opposition to the features attributed to older generations.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124385891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Skazana na imperium? Lęki i dyskurs imperialny w procesie samoidentyfikacji Rosji poradzieckiej
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.2.3
Alicja Curanović
{"title":"Skazana na imperium? Lęki i dyskurs imperialny w procesie samoidentyfikacji Rosji poradzieckiej","authors":"Alicja Curanović","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the article is to indicate the reasons why formulating a new Russian non-imperial identity has failed. Applying the Ontological Security Theory shows the fall of the USSR as a critical situation that undermined the so-called fundamental questions of the Russian identity. The return of the imperial discourse was triggered by ontological anxiety connected to two fundamental questions: social relations with the significant Other and the finitude. The article discusses in detail the latter. Pending anxiety has activated imperial habitus, which is illustrated by the case of the Russian Geographical Association.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132472145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geopolityka regionu Morza Czarnego a Unia Europejska
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.2.1
Tomasz Stępniewski
{"title":"Geopolityka regionu Morza Czarnego a Unia Europejska","authors":"Tomasz Stępniewski","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The geopolitical rivalry and the clash of interests between the superpowers have been present in the Black Sea region for centuries. During the Cold War when the East-West divide was at its height, the Black Sea was “excluded” from geopolitical competition between the superpowers as it became the domain of mainly one player – the Soviet Union. The dismantling of the Pax Sovietica and the subsequent collapse of the Cold War gave rise to a new geopolitical situation in the Black Sea region. The former USSR was superseded by the Russian Federation and other political entities independent from Russia, yet having strong bonds with the region both in terms of geography and their political and cultural interests. These were new states like Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, but also former Soviet satellite states such as Bulgaria and Romania. In other words, the collapse of the USSR entailed the emergence of a new system of geopolitical power in the post-Soviet space.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117184811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Polityka transatlantycka rządów Prawa i Sprawiedliwości (2015-2019): koncepcja (cz. 2)
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.1.16
W. Paruch
{"title":"Polityka transatlantycka rządów Prawa i Sprawiedliwości (2015-2019): koncepcja (cz. 2)","authors":"W. Paruch","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Law and Justice party was a “Euro-Atlantic” political party in the whole period of its political existence. Three major characteristic features of political thought in the foreign affairs of Law and Justice party were: 1) an Atlantic course; 2) a concept of realism in the European Union; and 3) postulated subjectivity in the Central Europe and towards the Eastern Europe. Law and Justice party created its own concept of the role of North Atlantic Treaty Organisation in the security policy of the Republic of Poland. Law and Justice waited until the occurrence of good conditions to bring the wrought concept into reality. It was more than sure that such conditions will occur in the future. There was no doubt that Russia was danger for the Western hemisphere. Such an evaluation was strengthened in the years 2008-2010 as the consequence of the Russian aggression on Georgia and Smolensk catastrophe. Law and Justice waited to: 1) win the parliamentary elections; 2) the end of the policy of reset in Russian-American relations. The theoretical and ideological premises and the type of political competition in Poland justified a negative evaluation by Law and Justice party of the foreign policy of Poland towards NATO in the period of the left–wing – agrarian government coalition and the government coalition of liberal – agrarian parties. Law and Justice party remained critical of the foreign policy of Poland led by Civic Platform in the scope of its theoretical, conceptual and decisive senses.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115256540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Organized crime and state capture in the Western Balkans 西巴尔干地区的有组织犯罪和国家抓捕
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.4.14
Rafał Woźnica
{"title":"Organized crime and state capture in the Western Balkans","authors":"Rafał Woźnica","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the article is to show that the temporary symbiosis between centres of political power and organized crime leads to the development of permanent, corrupt and opaque networks. Focusing on the countries of the Western Balkans, the author points to the reasons for the development of organized crime in the region and then to the conditions created in the post-conflict period that resulted in the failure of effective attempts to stop organized crime and the corruption that facilitates it in the these countries. The article also points out that the creation of symbiotic relationships between political elites and organized crime groups leads to a ‘state capture.’ The unresolved problems of corruption and organized crime, in turn, have a direct impact on these countries’ EU-integration processes.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129510739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski a współpraca polsko-amerykańska w zakresie cywilnego programu jądrowego
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.1.6
Łukasz Jureńczyk
{"title":"Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski a współpraca polsko-amerykańska w zakresie cywilnego programu jądrowego","authors":"Łukasz Jureńczyk","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the paper is to analyze and assess the legitimacy of the implementation of a civil nuclear program in Poland and the selection of the United States as the main external partner. The considerations are carried out in the context of ensuring Poland’s energy security. The introduction contains the main methodological assumptions and synthetically outlines the history of nuclear projects in Poland. The first part of the paper analyzes the impact of the nuclear program on Poland’s energy security. The second part is devoted to Polish-American cooperation in the implementation of the nuclear","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131956652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Instrumenty polityki bezpieczeństwa informacyjnego Białorusi
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.1.15
R. Rajczyk
{"title":"Instrumenty polityki bezpieczeństwa informacyjnego Białorusi","authors":"R. Rajczyk","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to analyse the implementation of the information security policy of the Republic of Belarus. The analysis was carried out in strategic and functional dimensions. The research covered mainly strategic documents relating to the information security of the Belarusian state. The research process included the use of the content analysis of source documents. As a result of its implementation, it was established that the information security policy of Belarus is implemented only in the formal, legal and institutional dimensions. In the field of information security policy in the Republic of Belarus, only the state is treated subjectively, and other entities - the citizen and society, have been treated as subjects.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117141157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The involvement of Western Balkan terrorist-fighters in armed conflicts in Syria and Iraq 西巴尔干恐怖分子卷入叙利亚和伊拉克的武装冲突
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.4.8
Filip Bryjka
{"title":"The involvement of Western Balkan terrorist-fighters in armed conflicts in Syria and Iraq","authors":"Filip Bryjka","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of this article is to explain the meaning and consequences of foreign fighters’ participation from Western Balkan countries (WB6) in armed conflicts in Syria and Iraq. In the first part, the issue of foreign fighters is discussed in historical terms. The author focuses on the examples of the Soviet inva-sion of Afghanistan and the ethno-religious conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the second part of the text, the definition framework of foreign fighters’ concept and its evolution towards foreign terrorist-fighters is dis-cussed. Then, a detailed analysis of the main problem is conducted, and several research questions are an-swered: 1) What is the scale of the phenomenon of Balkan volunteers (e.g., their number, the structure of origin, and others) in comparison to fighters from other regions? 2) What are their motivations and goals, and what are their recruitment process and ways of moving into the war zone? 3) What is the threat posed by returning fight-ers to the security of the Western Balkans, and how do individual states counteract this phenomenon? The au-thor uses mainly the following research methods: critical content analysis (literature, scientific articles, docu-ments, reports, press materials), and historical and comparative analysis. The author’s visits to this country in 2018-2020 constituted an essential contribution to the part concerning the case of Kosovo.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115359158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ewolucja systemu partyjnego i sceny politycznej w Bułgarii w latach 1990-2017 – od dwublokowości do wielopartyjności
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.2.14
M. Czernicka
{"title":"Ewolucja systemu partyjnego i sceny politycznej w Bułgarii w latach 1990-2017 – od dwublokowości do wielopartyjności","authors":"M. Czernicka","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article concerns the evolution of the party system and the political scene of Bulgaria after the system transformations. The foundations of this analysis are the results of the elections to the National Assembly in the years 1990-2017. In order to identify the type of the party system, official election results and the effective number of parties index (ENP) were used. This index was used to characterise the party system after 2001. Some conditions from communism time had an influence on the shape and kind of how the Bulgarian party system and political scene evolved after system transformation. Between 1990-2001 in Bulgaria, a two-block or two and a half-block party system existed. From 2001 it evolves in the direction of a multiparty system.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114857048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
National and ethnic minorities and the image of the state in international public relations: a comparative study of Lithuania and Estonia 少数民族与国际公共关系中的国家形象:立陶宛与爱沙尼亚的比较研究
Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2021.3.8
Barbara Jundo-Kaliszewska, Agata Włodarska-Frykowska
{"title":"National and ethnic minorities and the image of the state in international public relations: a comparative study of Lithuania and Estonia","authors":"Barbara Jundo-Kaliszewska, Agata Włodarska-Frykowska","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2021.3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2021.3.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the current situation in Estonia and Lithuania in the context of the position of both states and their public relations strategy and image since 1991, as well as the role of national minorities in this process. The authors emphasize that even though Estonia and Lithuania tend to be treated as very similar state organisms, they chose different ways of building their legal and democratic structures. Despite many similarities between the two states, such as location, size, small population, common historical background and, above all, ethnic divisions, one should pay attention to successful attempts to strengthen the statehood of Estonia and Lithuania.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123012219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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