Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej最新文献

Between socialist homeland and totalitarian dictatorship. The image of the post-World War II period in Ukrainian historical discourse 在社会主义家园和极权独裁之间。二战后乌克兰历史话语中的形象

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.1.10

Marta Studenna-Skrukwa

{"title":"Between socialist homeland and totalitarian dictatorship. The image of the post-World War II period in Ukrainian historical discourse","authors":"Marta Studenna-Skrukwa","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is devoted to the analysis of selected aspects how Ukrainian schools present the historical narrative that covers the post-World War II history of this country – particularly the period of late socialism. My goal was to establish how post-Maidan textbooks presented the times when Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union in its superpower phase. I was especially interested in the current assessment of such phenomena as: post-Stalinist modernization, the movements opposing communist ideology, and the late socialist concept of the Soviet people. The source material was five new textbooks for historical education at high-school level approved for use by the Ukrainian authorities in 2019. The basic research method was discourse analysis: the content of the textbooks were critically evaluated in light of the ongoing political and social situation. Among the theoretical assumptions that were applied in the paper was that the historical narrative has a key importance as a function of the nation-state and as such serves its interests. To conclude the analysis below, it should be emphasized that historical narrative of Ukrainian Schools presents the past of the country in the second half of the 20th century as a general process of gaining independence from the Soviet centre. In the context of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, it should be assumed that the emancipatory nature of the interpretation of Ukraine’s national history is now irreversible.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121248684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Totalitarianism versus humanitarian-personalist concept of socio-political life according to Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński 极权主义与人道主义的社会政治生活的个人主义概念根据红衣主教斯特凡Wyszyński

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.1.11

Ryszard Ficek

{"title":"Totalitarianism versus humanitarian-personalist concept of socio-political life according to Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński","authors":"Ryszard Ficek","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the multifaceted and definitude specificity of totalitarianism in the context of the humanitarian-personalist concept of the socio-political life of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński. The analysis of the discussed topics provides a unique insight into the nature of totalitarianism, in both the version of German Nazism and in Communism with the Soviet origin and provenances. However, the reinterpretation of the above systems from the perspective of Christian personalist praxeology allows one to notice and present the fundamental assumptions of these concepts’ entirely anti-human and anti-Christian paradigm. Moreover, unveiling the entire agenda of totalitarianism makes it easier to interpret these concepts in terms of not only defining but also legitimizing, and even authenticating, some of the most terrifying and degenerated systemic government-ruling forms of the 20th century. It is of crucial importance, especially nowadays, when the emerging trends often downplay and soften the criminal nature of the above systems and even consider the “totalitarian model” as a “specific historical phenomenon” attempting to resolve many crucial but complex issues of political, cultural, and economic nature.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114428773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First attempt. Crimea: between Ukraine and Russia (1989-1997) 第一次尝试。克里米亚:乌克兰和俄罗斯之间(1989-1997)

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.2.7

Andrzej Gil

引用次数: 0

Poland’s road to NATO – objective and subjective obstacles 波兰加入北约之路——客观与主观障碍

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.2.3

J. Fiszer

{"title":"Poland’s road to NATO – objective and subjective obstacles","authors":"J. Fiszer","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the Polish road to NATO which, contrary to the West’s expectations and promises, was long and bumpy. The author presents and analyses various obstacles that hindered Polish accession to NATO. The author divides such challenges into objective and subjective barriers, but using other criteria, the author points to specific geopolitical, international, political, social, and military conditions. Furthermore, the author presents the stances of different countries on the enlargement of the North Atlantic Alliance after the Cold War, particularly the attitudes of the USA, Germany, France, the USSR, and Russia as these states were either more or less supportive of Polish efforts to join NATO or not supportive at all. In 1989-1999 the Alliance’s position was slowly evolving from being initially unwilling to support Poland’s accession to NATO to being sympathetic towards it. In the paper, the author poses a few research questions on the above-mentioned obstacles on the Polish road to NATO and a few theses and hypotheses. The author states that primarily the USSR, later the Russian Federation, was against Poland’s accession to NATO. Initially, the West also opposed it. After 1989, its priority was to reunite Germany and stabilize military relations with Moscow through the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) and the elimination of Soviet military bases in post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129995734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-border cooperation in selected Carpathian countries 选定喀尔巴阡山脉国家的跨境合作

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.1.8

A. Pieniążek

{"title":"Cross-border cooperation in selected Carpathian countries","authors":"A. Pieniążek","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-border cooperation helps to mitigate the negative effects of the border and overcome the consequences of the location of border areas. The article aims to identify the ways of using the cultural and natural potential in EU Cross-border Cooperation Programmes implemented in the Polish, Slovak, and Ukrainian areas of the Carpathians. The analysis covers the existing data using the method of examining strategic documents of the Programmes: Poland-Slovakia, Poland-Belarus-Ukraine, Hungary-Slovakia-Ukraine, and Hungary- Slovakia-Romania-Ukraine, implemented in three programming periods (2004-2020). A quantitative analysis of the projects concerning the use of cultural and natural heritage, which was implemented under the presented Programmes, was also carried out. The research was used to answer the following questions: (1) what kinds of projects with the use of cultural and natural heritage are carried out, (2) are there differences in the ways of using cultural and natural heritage, (3) are there differences between the Programmes implemented in internal and external border regions of the EU. The study made it possible to establish that in the case of all the Programmes, cultural and natural values are considered a strength of the regions and are associated with significant expectations in terms of their use in the development of these areas. At the same time, it is noticed that they are used insufficiently. Activities related to the use of cultural and natural heritage were supported in all the Programmes; however, it was the method of financing that largely determined the taking of action. Traditional (typical) ways of using natural and cultural resources are still dominant.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134571601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The security of Ukraine in the context of information warfare in cyberspace carried out by the Russian Federation 在俄罗斯联邦开展的网络空间信息战背景下的乌克兰安全

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.2.6

Agnieszka Rogozińska

{"title":"The security of Ukraine in the context of information warfare in cyberspace carried out by the Russian Federation","authors":"Agnieszka Rogozińska","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"In the public discourse on issues of international security in the context of threats created by the Russian Federation, such threats are determined primarily by actions below the threshold of “war” (of a hybrid nature) and are made using non-military means, e.g. in relation to cyberspace. Actions of this nature are carried out by the aggressor’s special services or groups of hackers and activists associated with them whose aim is to paralyse the functioning of the attacked state (its administration, critical infrastructure). Such activities are multilateral; activity is undertaken in many fields (social media, provocative events, establishing pro-Russian organizations, creating information portals) and is still escalating. The purpose of the research, the results of which are presented in this article, is to identify the activities and assess the impact of Russian information warfare conducted by the Russian Federation in cyberspace in 2014 and 2022 on the security of Ukraine. The research used general-methodological research methods – primarily, analysis and critique of literature. The case study method was used to identify specific examples of information warfare used by the Russian Federation against selected countries in Central and Eastern Europe. Keywords: security, information warfare, cyberspace, Ukraine, Russian Federation Streszczenie: W dyskursie publicznym zagadnienia bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego w kontekście zagrożeń kreowanych przez Federację Rosyjską determinowane są przede wszystkim przez akcje z użyciem działań poniżej progu wojny (o charakterze hybrydowym) za pomocą środków niemilitarnych, m.in. w odniesieniu do cyberprzestrzeni. Działania o takim charakterze prowadzone są przez służby specjalne agresora lub powiązane z nimi grupy hakerów oraz aktywistów, których celem jest paraliżowanie funkcjonowania państwa atakowanego (jego administracji, infrastruktury krytycznej).","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131103913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The position of Eastern European countries towards the Three Seas Initiative (TSI) 东欧国家对“三海倡议”的立场

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.2.8

Andrzej Wojtaszak

引用次数: 0

“They don’t work with people”. The authorities and civil society in contemporary Serbia “他们不与人合作”。当代塞尔维亚的当局和民间社会

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.2.11

Agnieszka Ziętek

{"title":"“They don’t work with people”. The authorities and civil society in contemporary Serbia","authors":"Agnieszka Ziętek","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the condition of civil society in contemporary Serbia, with special emphasis on the relations between its representatives and the authorities (both at the local and state level). The main objective of the analyses is to answer the question of the position of the civil sector within Serbia’s broadly understood political system. What role do both formal non-governmental organizations and grassroots non-institutionalized social movements play in this relatively young democracy? What is the attitude of the authorities to grassroots civil activities, which often manifest criticism towards the decisions and actions of those in power? These questions will constitute the central axis of my considerations in this article. The research problem indicated above is analysed on two essential levels. Firstly, the article discusses existing studies and research on the nature of civil society in Serbia and the ways in which it functions. Secondly, the author analyses the results of qualitative research carried out at the late 2018 and early 2019 among representatives of Serbian civil movements and organizations. The conclusions stemming from these analyses are presented in the final part of the article. The analyses carried out indicate the problems that face the civil sector in Serbia. First and foremost, one should draw attention to the authorities’ rather negative view of the civil sector. What is also noteworthy is an extended network of connections of the authorities with the private sector as well as with right-wing, nationalist, pro-government organizations. These circumstances to a large extent hinder or even preclude dialogue (and further cooperation) between public and civil institutions.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122598140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Poland in the face of the 2015 migration crisis 面对2015年移民危机的波兰

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.2.9

Alicja Zyguła

{"title":"Poland in the face of the 2015 migration crisis","authors":"Alicja Zyguła","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of mass migration to the European Union, although it has been present in the public space for several years, is still topical. Following the population movements in Europe and the massive influx of migrants from the Middle East to the borders of the European Union, the accumulation of which occurred in 2015, a number of phenomena related to the so-called migration crisis have been subject to research analysis. The aim of the considerations undertaken in this case study is to present the way in which Poland’s position towards the EU’s proposals for solving the migration crisis has evolved. A content analysis of the literature on the subject and the legal acts provided an answer to the question of how Poland’s attitude changed after the 2015 parliamentary elections. And what factors underpinned the change of approach regarding the reception of refugees. This study uses mainly theoretical research methods such as analysis, which includes content analysis of the literature and available documents, and statistical studies on the research phenomenon. The analysis of the problem leads to the reflection that the proposal for a solution to the EU migration crisis has divided both the European Community and many other countries. In the face of a crisis, solidarity with the community and responsibility for the security of citizens were at stake. In 2015, this issue aroused a lot of emotion during the ongoing political campaign in Poland and was part of the electoral game. The victorious party and the new government have unequivocally rejected the idea of relocation, confirming that security is their overriding priority.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132218195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conflict as a differentiating factor in the creation of social capital among youth in Serbia and Poland 冲突是塞尔维亚和波兰青年创造社会资本的一个差异化因素

Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.36874/riesw.2022.1.9

Zuzanna Sielska, J. Lončar

{"title":"Conflict as a differentiating factor in the creation of social capital among youth in Serbia and Poland","authors":"Zuzanna Sielska, J. Lončar","doi":"10.36874/riesw.2022.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36874/riesw.2022.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses how conflict impacts social capital. The existing literature suggests that the social capital of a society which has experienced conflict or military operations will not be shaped in the same way as the social capital in an area where there were no such actions. Yet, there is disagreement on what the specific effects of a conflict are. This paper seeks to address this puzzle by comparing levels of social capital in Serbia and Poland. The research presented in this paper was conducted among two groups; the first, a group of respondents including young Serbs (18-24 years old) who, during the 1990s, survived hostilities on the territory of their country or grew up surrounded by people who were participating in military actions. The second group includes young Poles (aged 18-24), who as children, grew up in a society, which from 1995-2002 did not experience either conflict or military action. Significant research results include the following: in a society in which no conflict has occurred in the past, there is a higher level of social and political participation; the formation of bridging communities, trust in social actors from outside the immediate family, trust in institutions, and a greater sense of security in the neighbourhood.","PeriodicalId":231114,"journal":{"name":"Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116025575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0