Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids最新文献

{"title":"Do You Know of Cases of Wernicke's Aphasia Post Herpes Simplex Viral Encephalitis?","authors":"B. McMicken, Andrew Kunihiro, Long Wang","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000E117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000E117","url":null,"abstract":"This editorial is a request for clinician researchers to report on speech recovery in cases of Wernicke’s Aphasia post Herpes Simplex Viral Encephalitis. The literature, while it contains detailed case histories of Wernicke’s cases post stroke, does not contain extensive material on speech recovery post encephalitis. A case report is now in progress, but there is little current and detailed literature in which to compare the clients progress. What is clear in the literature is the etiology of the disorder Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1), along with HSV-2, are neurotropic members of the Herpesviridae family. HSV-1 most commonly causes cold sores but can also lead to genital herpes infections, while HSV-2 predominately causes genital herpes. Transmission occurs via mucosal surfaces including the oral and respiratory surfaces or through compromised skin, such as by sharing drinking vessels or utensils, kissing, and other high-risk skin-to-skin contact. HSV-1 is usually contracted during infancy or childhood through exposure to an infected adult. Transmission does not require an active infection or visible sores and can be spread through asymptomatic viral shedding [1,2]. There is a high seroprevalence in the general population, with an estimated 70~90% of asymptomatic individuals harboring the HSV-1 [3,4]. There is currently no cure for HSV but symptoms can be managed with antiviral medications [5]. Exactly how HSV-1 infiltrates the central nervous system to cause to HSE is greatly debated, with the olfactory bulb and trigeminal ganglia implicated in mice models [6]. The olfactory pathway is the most likely avenue of infection, as recurrent herpes labialis, which occurs in the trigeminal ganglia, rarely leads to HSE [7]. HSE normally affects the temporal lobe, which is responsible for retention of visual memory, language comprehension, processing of sensory input, and emotion. Therefore, symptoms of HSE include aphasia, confusion, and behavioral changes there can also be extratemporal involvement, including the frontal and parietal lobes, with an estimated 16% of patients with HSE having extratemporal infections [8]. This localization of infection is thought to be caused by the proximity of the temporal lobe to the olfactory bulb or trigeminal nerve [9] or preference of HSV for limbic cortices. Briefly, HSV-1 causes degeneration of cell nuclei and loss of plasma membranes, leading to multi-nucleated giant cells. This in turn causes inflammation, hemorrhaging, and eventual tissue necrosis and liquefaction [10].","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128616656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Brief Assessment of Preschoolers’ Articulation","authors":"Jason L. Anthony, Martha J. Dunkelberger, R. Aghara","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000120","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The Houston Sentence Repetition Test of Articulation (HSRTA) was developed as a screener and brief outcome measure of articulation abilities of 3- to 5-year-old children. The HSRTA employs a sentence repetition task, which theoretically combines all of the advantages of the traditional citation method of assessing articulation with many of the advantages of the continuous speech method. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the new measure. \u0000 Methods: A sample of 175 children was assessed twice, with approximately five months between assessment waves. The sample was ethnically diverse and ranged in age from 2 years and 11 months to 5 years and 4 months (mean age=4 years 6 months, SD=5 months). At each wave, children were administered the HSRTA and standardized tests of speech, language, and memory. \u0000 Results: The HSRTA demonstrated good internal consistency at both assessment waves (alphas=.84 and .86, respectively). Similarly, factor analysis clearly indicated it indexed a single latent ability. The HSRTA demonstrated moderate stability across the five month time span (r=.57, p<.0001). The new measure demonstrated convergent validity with a standardized articulation test (rs=.71 and .68, ps<.0001) and discriminant validity with standardized vocabulary and auditory memory tests (rs from -.32 to -.47). The HSRTA demonstrated internal consistencies and test-retest reliabilities that were equivalent to those of a standardized, norm referenced test of articulation, but the HSRTA was more sensitive to the effects of time (F[1,160]=11.26, p<.01). \u0000 Conclusion: Psychometric analyses indicated that the new measure is a reliable, valid, and sensitive tool for assessing individual differences in articulation skills among 3- to 5-year-old children. Collectively, results indicate the HSRTA surpasses minimum standards for a screener and brief outcome measure. Potential uses for researchers and practitioners are discussed.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126075167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building Collaborative Research Relationships","authors":"A. J. Hadley","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000E116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000E116","url":null,"abstract":"A colleague of mine in private practice, Karen T. Kimberlin, M.S., CCC-SLP approached me about conducting a pilot study to gather data on appropriate screening tools and screening procedures appropriate for children in kindergarten. The purpose of our study was to gather data on the feasibility of identifying children at risk for reading disorders in a grade level screening during the kindergarten year. The collaborative project included two public school districts, which varied from each other in the characteristics of their student populations. A compilation of screening tools was used that probed: oral language skills, phonological awareness skills, rapid naming, alphabetic knowledge, and encoding.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131053737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Remediation of a Long-Term Stutter: A Case Study","authors":"B. McMicken, Margaret Vento-Wilson","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000119","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research article describes the remediation of stuttering in an adult participant with a long-term history of drug abuse. The unique participant in this case underwent this successful treatment at an urban residential rehabilitation mission where he was living in lieu of incarceration. \u0000 Methods: The therapeutic intervention in this case consisted of two programs. The primary intervention involved the Ryan Fluency Program, Gradual Increase in Length and Complexity of Utterance (GILCU), which is a stepbased program that requires the participant to progress from the production of a single, fluent word to 10 minutes of conversation in the absence of overt disfluencies. Based on the particular needs of this participant, the primary investigator incorporated the use of delayed auditory feedback in an effort to demonstrate to the participant that fluent speech was possible. \u0000 Results: As seen in tables and as discussed in the article, the participant initially produced 16 stuttered words per minute in the Fluency Interview and this number was reduced to .06 stuttered words per minute five months later. Additionally, the participant spoke at an average of 130.0 WS/M, which falls into the average rate based on norms established by Ryan (150.9, with range of 119-182.6). At nine months post-assessment, the participant was demonstrating smooth, forward-flowing, speech, free of overt disfluencies, with appropriate rate. \u0000 Conclusion: This case study adds credence to the growing body of evidence supporting fluency shaping, behaviorally based programs to remediate overt stuttering. Further, this study, which used delayed auditory feedback in conjunction with GILCU, demonstrates the appropriateness of designing therapeutic interventions based on the specific needs of each participant. Finally, this case study validates the in depth knowledge of experienced clinicians as a significant factor in the decision making process for selecting and implementing interventions.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121740393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Predictive Nature of Age and Gender in the Verbal Fluency Test in the Greek Cypriot Children: Normative Data","authors":"K. Konstantopoulos, P. Vogazianos, E. Vayanos","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000118","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The Children’s Verbal Fluency test (VF) is a neuropsychological test that measures executive function, vocabulary storage, and speed of mental processing. It has been increasingly used in the assessment of children in neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Batten disease, frontal lobe epilepsy, cerebellar tumor, Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and dyslexia. However, there is a paucity of studies presenting normative data. The aim of the present study was to provide normative data for the children’s verbal fluency test in the Cypriot population and to test the criterion validity of the children’s VF in children with ADHD. \u0000 Method: A total of 749 native Cypriot children aged 7-16 years, recruited from various public schools across the island, took part in the study. Exclusion criteria involved the existence of neurological, psychiatric, cardiological and metabolic diseases and native language other than Greek. \u0000 Results: Age but not gender was found to be an important factor for the interpretation of scores in the verbal fluency variables. Older children produced more words in both, semantic and phonemic fluency test compared to younger children. Also, the test seemed to discriminate the clinical group of children exhibiting ADHD in semantic verbal fluency as compared to pair-matched controls. \u0000 Conclusions: Children’s verbal fluency test is a promising tool for the measurement of executive function in the Cypriot population. Further research is needed in children diagnosed with various neurological and psychiatric diseases in order to estimate the validity of the children’s verbal fluency in other clinical populations.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124359833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SMS4Deaf â Self-report Reflections on SMS as a Mode for Psychology Researchwith the Deaf","authors":"E. Walsh, M. Arundell, J. Brinker","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000115","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Text messaging (Short Messaging Service, SMS) is ubiquitous in Australia. It may prove a cheap and convenient method allowing bidirectional communication between participant and psychological researcher. A strength of applying SMS as a research tool is its inclusiveness, as it may be used to communicate with both hearing and deaf participants. This paper explores how the Australian deaf community engages with SMS, and how this engagement may be applied to using SMS to communicate with deaf participants in a psychological research setting. \u0000 Methods: Sixty six hearing impaired participants aged 20-89 years, ranging from moderately to profoundly deaf took part by way of questionnaire (paper, online text, or online Auslan translation). At the end, they had the option to provide their mobile number and be sent a questionnaire via SMS. \u0000 Results: Most participants owned mobile phones, and used SMS daily. 60% believed that using SMS for research is a good idea. However, this did not translate into volunteering to participate in research using SMS – of the half who provided their mobile telephone numbers for subsequent participation, there was only a 17% response rate. Pearson's Chi-squared tests, Spearman's correlation, and logistic regression did not reveal any significant differences between those who did and did not offer their mobile telephone number in terms of mobile ownership, daily SMS usage, degree of deafness, or confidence with written English. \u0000 Conclusions: Though many indicated willingness to participate in research via SMS by providing their mobile numbers, a very low response rates to SMS questionnaires indicates that SMS may not be the most engaging method for research with this sample.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116180584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is Aural Rehabilitation","authors":"R. Hull","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000116","url":null,"abstract":"Aural rehabilitation is often described as an add-on to the services that we as professionals in the field of audiology provide on behalf of our patients. We too often find ourselves in a position of attempting to persuade our patients to participate in a service that we feel would be of benefit to them. But then, not wanting to pay extra for another service on top of the cost of the diagnostic services, and perhaps the purchase of expensive hearing aids, our patients may refuse to accept what they consider to be an additional costly service [1-3].","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114763558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Phonics Approach in Swedish Children using Cochlear Implants or Hearing Aids : Inspecting Phonological Gain","authors":"C. N. V. Mentzer, B. Lyxell, Birgitta Sahlén, Ö. Dahlström, M. Lindgren, M. Ors, Petter Kallioinen, I. Uhlén","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000117","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated cognitive abilities (i.e. Phonological Processing Skills (PhPS), lexical access, complex and visual Working Memory (WM), and letter knowledge) in Deaf and Hard of Hearing children (DHH) 5, 6 and 7 years of age using cochlear implants or hearing aids. Children with Normal Hearing (NH) served as a reference group. All children took part of a computer-assisted intervention with a phonics approach for 4 weeks aimed to support PhPS. The first aim of the study was to examine associations between cognitive abilities and Phonological Processing Skills (PhPS) pre intervention in DHH and NH children respectively. The second aim was to examine cognitive predictors of phonological gain post intervention. Finally, the influence of background variables on phonological gain was examined in NH and DHH respectively and in DHH children with weak PhPS particularly. Results showed comparable performance level in NH and DHH children on the majority of cognitive tasks, but weaker PhPS and lexical access in the DHH children. A significant association between PhPS and complex WM was only evident in DHH children. This finding suggests that DHH recruit more cognitive resources in phonological processing. A phonological representation task was the single predictor of phonological gain in DHH children. Children with initial weak performance on this task but had letter-naming skills, displayed relatively more phonological gain from the phonics training. Children with difficulties with the phonological representation task were older when diagnosed and had an older age at amplification. Further, these children displayed broader cognitive difficulties, suggesting that reduced access to auditory stimulation may have wide ranging effects on cognitive development.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116831172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Study: Empowering Deaf Patients to Chair CPA Meetings and Ward Rounds","authors":"N. Halder, N. Horne","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000114","url":null,"abstract":"The Commission for Quality and Innovation introduced ‘shared pathway’ documentation to help service users have a better understanding of how they can have a more meaningful patient centred experience and better understand how they can move forward to achieve their goals. This article shares the experience of the Deaf services in a secure hospital using an example of the experiences of one service user, Tim. It discusses the nature of the Deaf Recovery and Outcomes meetings, and how the services enabled Tim to chair his own care programme approach meetings, and ward rounds. It supplies some practical guidance and time scales for achieving them, including potential barriers, to help other similar services.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"307 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116376594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electropalatography in a Case of Congenital Aglossia","authors":"B. McMicken, Andrew Kunihiro, Long Wang, S. V. Berg, Kelly M. Rogers","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000113","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study, the fifth in a series on a Person with Congenital Aglossia (PWCA), was: 1) to determine if there was activation of electrodes in a PWCA during swallow and articulation as detected by the Electropalatography (EPG), 2) to compare the electrode activation patterns in PWCA to those in People without Congenital Aglossia (PWoCA). \u0000 Methods: EPG was performed using the Complete Speech SmartPalate® software and hardware designed from impressions of the PWCA, a 44-year old Caucasian female. Stimulus materials consisted of 11 vowel-constantvowel combinations were derived from prior research. \u0000 Results: The PWCA was able to activate electrodes in the anterior and posterior palatal areas, noticeably greater in swallowing than in speech. While PWCA patterns demonstrated significantly fewer electrode activations, patterns were discernibly similar to normal data derived from PWoCA. \u0000 Conclusion: This study employed EPG to investigate the unique speech production pattern of a 44-year old female PWCA and compared these patterns with those of PWoCA published by Dromey and Sanders. The question remains as to the exact nature of the articulatory compensations and adjustments which allow the PWCA to speak in an intelligible fashion and produce consonants which are perceptually correct and distinguishable from each other.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126964967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}