ACS Omega最新文献

{"title":"Theoretical Study of Gas Sensing toward Acetone by a Single-Atom Transition Metal (Sc, Ti, V, and Cr)-Doped InP3 Monolayer","authors":"Xin Qin,&nbsp;Hao Cui,&nbsp;Lijuan Guo,&nbsp;Xin Li* and Qiulan Zhou*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0540510.1021/acsomega.4c05405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c05405https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c05405","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Acetone (C₃H₆O) gas in the exhaled breath of diabetic patients can be used as an important biomarker for the painless and noninvasive diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. In this paper, based on the density functional theory (DFT), the adsorption behaviors of pristine and single-atom transition metal (X = Sc, Ti, V, and Cr)-doped InP₃ surfaces (denoted as X-InP₃) toward C₃H₆O molecule were examined to explore the potential of these two-dimensional (2D) materials as a sensitive sensor for acetone gas. The calculation results indicate the unfavorable detection property for the pristine 2D-InP₃ surface upon acetone with an unsatisfied gas response (12.4%). The introduction of a single-atom transition metal (Sc, Ti, V, and Cr) into the InP₃ layer has significantly improved the adsorption capacity toward the C₃H₆O molecule. Owing to the high gas response values (−98.0%, 393.3%, and 393.3%), the Ti-InP₃, V-InP₃, and Cr-InP₃ layers show their superiority in C₃H₆O detection at room temperature, in which Ti-InP₃ achieves recycle use through heating at 698 K. Sc-InP₃ is unsuitable for C₃H₆O sensing with a poor response (8.1%). Our work first gives a theoretical predication about the adsorption and sensitive detection performance of pristine and single-atom transition metal (Sc, Ti, V, and Cr)-doped InP₃ upon acetone, which may provide an emerging kind of sensing material for the noninvasive diagnosis of diabetes mellitus indicated by acetone gas.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c05405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Friendly Synthesis of ZnO for Efficient Photodegradation of Pharmaceutical Drug Removal by Photocatalysis","authors":"Sharda Pandey*,&nbsp;Anchal Srivastava,&nbsp;Poonam Rawat,&nbsp;Satendra Kumar Chauhan,&nbsp;Anant Ram,&nbsp;Vishnu Kumar Diwedi,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar Shukla and Navina Wadhwani,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0627210.1021/acsomega.4c06272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c06272https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c06272","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the present work, a comparative study on eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) sample 1 and sample 2 with 3.17 and 4.17 M NaOH, respectively, is reported. Sample 2 with 4.17 M NaOH is applied in the photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol (pure and raw both) using the ultraviolet (UV, 280–400 nm) and UV/H₂O₂ reaction systems. Pure paracetamol (PCM1) and raw paracetamol (PCM2) from tablets are used for photocatalytic degradation by photocatalysis. Our experimental evidence show that ZnO sample 2 was more active in the UV/H₂O₂ reaction system than under ultraviolet (UV, 280–400 nm) irradiation only in the photocatalytic degradation process. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) confirms the homogeneous growth of a rod-like structure for sample 1 and brittle and randomly aggregated rod-like and wire-like nanostructures for sample 2. The peaks observed in the region around 440 to 900 cm^–1 in the FTIR spectra for sample 1 and sample 2 annealed at 250 °C confirms the presence of ZnO bonds. UV absorption spectroscopy indicates a red shift in the absorption spectra due to the increase in the molar concentration of NaOH to 4.17 M for sample 2. In this study, the band gap values are found to be 3.33 and 3.01 eV for the synthesized ZnO sample 1 and sample 2, respectively, which are 40 and 360 meV less as compared to that of bulk ZnO (3.37 eV). The oxidation rate is increased in the UV/H₂O₂ reaction system, producing the highest rate for PCM1 drug removal with rate constant 9.7 × 10^–3 min^–1 and half-life 71.5 min. The kinetic study results for the removal of PCM1 and PCM2 show good results and follow the pseudo-first-order kinetic model with correlation coefficients 0.69556 and 0.90851, respectively, whereas PCM2 follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with correlation coefficient 0.9993. The experimental and calculated values of removal capacity (<i>q</i>_e) at equilibrium is found close to those of the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the removal of both the paracetamol forms PCM1 and PCM2 with the catalyst ZnO nanostructure. The photostability of ZnO sample 2 is also tested with a reusability test in photocatalytic degradation of paracetamol at least four times. The absence of a maxima peak at 243 of PCM1 in the UV/H₂O₂ reaction system indicates nearly 100% successful conversion of 20 ppm PCM1 by using synthesized catalyst ZnO sample 2. The comparative results of both reaction systems, i.e., UV and UV/H₂O₂, show that the hydroxyl radicals, as the active species, are responsible for major degradation of both paracetamol forms (PCM1 and PCM2).</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c06272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel G-Quadruplex Structure within Apolipoprotein E Promoter: A New Promising Target in Cancer and Dementia Fight?","authors":"Valentina Pirota*,&nbsp;Angela Dello Stritto,&nbsp;Lisa Rita Magnaghi,&nbsp;Raffaela Biesuz,&nbsp;Filippo Doria,&nbsp;Mariella Mella,&nbsp;Mauro Freccero and Emmanuele Crespan,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0643010.1021/acsomega.4c06430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c06430https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c06430","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Human apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a crucial lipid transport glycoprotein involved in various biological processes, including lipid metabolism, immune response, and neurodegeneration. Elevated APOE levels are linked to poor prognosis in several cancers and increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, modulating APOE expression presents a promising therapeutic strategy for both cancer and AD. Considering the pivotal role of G-quadruplex (G4) structures in medicinal chemistry as modulators of gene expression, here, we present a newly discovered G-quadruplex (G4) structure within the ApoE gene promoter. Bioinformatic analysis identified 21 potential G4-forming sequences in the ApoE promoter, with the more proximal to the transcription start site, pApoE, showing the highest G-score. Biophysical studies confirmed the folding of pApoE into a stable parallel G4 under physiological conditions, supported by circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, UV-melting, and a quantitative PCR stop assay. Moreover, the ability to modulate pApoE-G4 folding was demonstrated by using G4-stabilizing ligands (HPHAM, Braco19, and PDS), which increased the thermal stability of pApoE-G4. In contrast, peptide nucleic acid conjugates were synthesized to disrupt G4 formation, effectively hybridizing with pApoE sequences, and confirming the potential to unfold G4 structures. Overall, our findings provide a mainstay for future therapeutic approaches targeting ApoE-G4s to regulate APOE expression, offering potential advancements in cancer and AD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c06430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Pot Synthesis of N-Fused Quinolone-4 Tetracyclic Scaffolds from 2,2-Disubstituted Indolin-3-ones","authors":"Nikolai A. Arutiunov,&nbsp;Anna M. Zatsepilina,&nbsp;Anna A. Aksenova,&nbsp;Nicolai A. Aksenov,&nbsp;Dmitrii A. Aksenov,&nbsp;Alexander V. Leontiev and Alexander V. Aksenov*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0769110.1021/acsomega.4c07691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07691https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07691","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A cascade transformation of C2-quaternary indoxyls leading to an efficient assembly of complex (dihydro)indolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]quinolin-5-one ring systems is reported. The method involves the gram-scale preparation of 2-(2-aryl-3-oxoindolin-2-yl)-2-phenylacetonitriles which are then converted with methyl ketones to the corresponding 2-(2-oxo-2-aryl(alkyl)ethyl)-2-phenylindolin-3-ones. The latter can either be isolated with good yields (75–96%) or, in the case of <i>o</i>-nitroacetophenone, used <i>in situ</i> for further base-assisted intramolecular S_NAr cyclization resulting in indoxyl-fused quinolone-4 hybrids (up to 95%).</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c07691","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authentication of Ziziphus lotus Honey from the Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco: Physicochemical Properties, Mineral Content, Sugar, Polyphenol Profiles, and Antioxidant Capacity","authors":"Toufik Bouddine*,&nbsp;Mohamed Reda Kachmar,&nbsp;Mourad Akdad,&nbsp;Aziz Bouymajane,&nbsp;Mohamed Ajebli,&nbsp;Ramzi A. Mothana,&nbsp;Abdullah R. Alanzi,&nbsp;Hassan Hajjaj,&nbsp;Farid Khallouki,&nbsp;Wim Reybroeck,&nbsp;Christof Van Poucke and Lhoussain Hajji,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0428410.1021/acsomega.4c04284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c04284https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c04284","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The jujube honey from the Moroccan Middle Atlas area is thoroughly described in this study, which takes into account melissopalynological, physicochemical, antioxidant, mineral, and phytochemical characteristics. Twelve samples of jujube honey underwent in-depth analyses between 2019 and 2021. The honey’s unifloral origin was confirmed by pollen analysis, which revealed that <i>Ziziphus lotus</i> pollen predominated along with pollen from 21 other species. The honeys meet Codex Alimentarius criteria and displayed a variety of characteristics, including moisture content (13.7% to 18.6%), pH (3.9 to 6.4), electrical conductivity (406 to 713 μs/cm), ash content (0.31 to 1.21%), and the Invertase Index (7.1 to 26.4 U/kg). Hydroxymethylfurfural levels spanned from 1.1 to 40 mg/kg, indicating freshness. No significant differences were observed between honey groups for fructose and glucose profiles determined via GC-MS analysis. The honey samples, which varied in total phenolic content (TPC) from 48.3 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g to 91.8 mg of GAE/100 g, showed strong antioxidant capacity, indicating possible health advantages. This study also revealed principal phenolic substances including gallic acid (1.18 to 6.36 mg/100 g), caffeic acid (0.07 to 3.25 mg/100 g), and <i>p</i>-coumaric acid (0.49 to 5.04 mg/100 g). Next, the bactericidal concentrations and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MBC and MIC) of each jujube honey were additionally examined and compared with two representative bacterial strains species <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> using broth microdilution, with MIC values ranging between 0.03 and 0.3 mg/mL for <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and 0.003 to 0.03 mg/mL for <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>. There is a correlation between various parameters and the monofloral pollen content in honey, as determined by PCA analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c04284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142608795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Nanomaterials in Seed Priming: Current Possibilities","authors":"José Daniel da Silva Fonseca,&nbsp;Ewa Wojciechowska,&nbsp;Joanna Kulesza and Bráulio Silva Barros*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0723010.1021/acsomega.4c07230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07230https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c07230","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The prevailing agricultural system has become deeply ingrained and insufficient due to outdated practices inherited from the Green Revolution, necessitating innovative approaches for sustainable agricultural development. Nanomaterials possess the potential to significantly improve the efficient utilization of resources while simultaneously encouraging sustainability. Among these, carbonaceous nanomaterials have found diverse applications in agriculture, exhibiting remarkable capabilities in this domain. Notably, using biowaste to produce these materials makes them both cost-effective and environmentally friendly for seed priming. Seed priming is a technique that can potentially enhance germination rates and stress tolerance by effectively regulating gene pathways and metabolism. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress in the field, highlighting the challenges and opportunities of applying carbonaceous materials in seed priming to advance sustainable agriculture practices. The existing reviews provide a general overview of using carbonaceous materials (graphene and derivatives) in agriculture. Yet, they often lack a comprehensive examination of their specific application in seed-related contexts. In this review, we aim to offer a detailed analysis of the application of carbonaceous materials in seed priming and elucidate their influence on germination. Furthermore, the review shows that crop response to carbonaceous nanomaterials is linked to material concentration and crop species.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c07230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142608794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Tree Shrew-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity","authors":"Lin Luo,&nbsp;Ying Cai,&nbsp;Yunhan Su,&nbsp;Chenxi Li,&nbsp;Gengzhou Tian,&nbsp;Xingyu Wang,&nbsp;Zhongxiang Wu,&nbsp;Wenlin Chen*,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang* and Zhiye Zhang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0685710.1021/acsomega.4c06857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c06857https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c06857","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The number of cationic residues and net charge are critical for the activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) due to their role in facilitating initial electrostatic interactions with negatively charged bacterial membranes. A cathelicidin AMP (TC-33) has been identified from the Chinese tree shrew in our previous work, which exhibited weak antimicrobial activity, likely due to its moderately cationic nature. In the current study, based on TC-33, we designed a novel AMP by peptide truncation and Glu substitutions to increase its net cationic charge from +4 to +8. The resulting peptide, TC-LAR-18, showed 4–128-fold enhanced antimicrobial activity relative to TC-33 without causing hemolysis and cytotoxicity within 100 μg/mL. TC-LAR-18 effectively eliminated both planktonic and biofilm-associated bacteria, demonstrating rapid bactericidal effects due to its ability to quickly penetrate and disrupt bacterial cell membranes with a low propensity to induce resistance. Notably, TC-LAR-18 provided substantial protection against skin bacterial infection in mice, underscoring its therapeutic potential. These findings not only highlight the importance of positively charged residues for the antibacterial activity of AMPs but also present a useful drug candidate for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c06857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142608896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Electrochemical Behaviors of Heat-Treated Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Xiaofan Wu,&nbsp;Yupo He,&nbsp;Jiaqi Fu and Yanli Zhao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0075610.1021/acsomega.4c00756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c00756https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c00756","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Evaluating the bacterial activity effectively is critical to addressing the challenges posed by bacterial infections. Electrochemistry offers significant advantages in accuracy and cost efficiency compared with methods that are more time-consuming or require expensive instrumentation. This study initially established an electrochemical method for detecting bacterial activity using heat treatment as the pretreatment step. Subsequent optimization of the heat treatment and detection conditions further enhanced the method efficiency. The detection results of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) under different heating conditions showed that the peak current values of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were the highest after heating at 50 °C for 15 min. The dynamic changes in the electrochemical signals from the heat-treated bacteria with alteration in heating conditions were indicated to be related to the effects of heating on the external structure and purine metabolism of the bacterial cells. Although heat-treated <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> exhibited similar peak potentials, different substances were observed to have contributed to these potentials. A positive linear correlation was observed between the peak current and bacterial concentration. Compared to the plate counting method, the electrochemical method detected the activity changes in <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> from the logarithmic to the stationary phase earlier. The findings support the broad application of electrochemical methods in microbial detection and provide valuable insights into the purine metabolism of heat-stressed bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c00756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142608906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsically Antibacterial Carbon Nanoparticles Optimally Entangle into Polymeric Films to Produce Composite Packaging","authors":"Neha Yadav,&nbsp;Debmalya Roy and Santosh K. Misra*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0573210.1021/acsomega.4c05732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c05732https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c05732","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The quality of food, pharmaceutical, or sustainability products is generally maintained through optimal storage conditions or the use of packaging films. Herein, an intrinsically antibacterial and improvised polylactic acid-based film (<i>hpp</i>-PLA-film) has been produced by introducing a microwave-assisted synthesis process of carbon nanoparticles produced from hemp fibers (<i>hf-</i>CNPs). These high-performance packaging (<i>hpp</i>-PLA) films were produced with different percentages of loaded <i>hf-</i>CNPs, i.e., 0.05 and 0.5% (w/w), called <i>hpp</i>-PLA-0.05-film and <i>hpp</i>-PLA-0.5-film, respectively. The chemical entangling of <i>hf-</i>CNPs in PLA films was probed by various physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical characterization methods. The antibacterial properties of <i>hpp</i>-PLA-films could inhibit bacterial growth and outperform kanamycin, at least for longer time periods. Overall, it could be established that the produced <i>hpp</i>-PLA-0.05-film not only was better in mechanical, antibacterial, dissolution, and physical impact sustainability but also had biodegradation properties and may be a better alternative for regular PLA-based packaging composites in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c05732","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142608724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and Reproductive Hormones of Free-Ranging Dolphins Across a Natural Salinity Gradient","authors":"Makayla A. Guinn*,&nbsp;Justin Y. Elliott,&nbsp;Christiana S. Wittmaack,&nbsp;Carrie Sinclair,&nbsp;Hussain A. Abdulla and Dara N. Orbach,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c0546610.1021/acsomega.4c05466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c05466https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c05466","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bottlenose dolphins (<i>Tursiops truncatus</i>) inhabit environments with variable natural salinities and experience physiological imbalances from extreme salinity fluctuations. Low salinity exposure (≤10) disrupts osmoregulation and increases the production of steroid hormones aldosterone (electrolyte balance) and cortisol (stress response). The effect(s) of high salinity exposure (&gt;35) on steroid hormone production in bottlenose dolphins has not previously been assessed. We measured stress hormones (aldosterone, corticosterone, cortisol, and cortisone) and reproductive hormones (progesterone and testosterone) in three stocks of free-ranging bottlenose dolphins inhabiting different natural salinities across the Gulf of Mexico (0–30, 22–35, 36+). Hormones were extracted from the blubber of 82 remotely biopsied dolphins and quantified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometry. A positive correlation was found between cortisol (10.38 ± 0.8 ng/g, <i>n</i> = 13) and salinity (<i>r</i> = 0.62). Aldosterone (58.9 ± 17.2 ng/g, <i>n</i> = 5) was quantified in dolphin blubber for the first time and was detected across the salinity gradient but was not significantly related to salinity levels. Concentrations of testosterone were seasonally variable. This study enhances our understanding of how climate changes and extensive anthropogenic stressors challenge homeostasis in a marine bioindicator species.</p>","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acsomega.4c05466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142608723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}