Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Importance of selecting informative laboratory biomarkers for the early diagnosis of occupational diseases","authors":"N. A. Pavlovskaya","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-51-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-51-54","url":null,"abstract":"The authors specified a method to evaluate informativeness of laboratory biomarkers for early diagnosis of occupational factors’ influence on human body: calculation of diagnostic sensitivity, prenosologic importance, pathognomonicity in the case if average laboratory values are within the reference intervals. The method suggested enables considerable decrease errors in calculation of diagnostic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125292435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital anomalies in various industrial regions of Bashkortostan Republic","authors":"L. Karamova, G. Basharova, M. K. Gaynullina, N. Vlasova","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-20-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-20-24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Reproductive system disorders, according to many authors, are among integral indicators of sanitary hygienic ill-being of territories and reflect an environmental aggression degree. Ecologic and hygienic studies of reproductive health, conducted in some entities of Russian Federation, demonstrated that environmental substances with mutagenic and reproductivity compromising activity increase prevalence of congenital anomalies 1.4–1.8 times over the reference values. During 2000–2010, prevalence of congenital anomalies in Russia varies within 30.0–30.9‰.Objective. To reveal epidemiologic features of congenital anomalies development in ecologic situation formed by various economy branches.Materials and methods. Ecologic and hygienic evaluation covered reproductive health of women residents in ecologically unfavorable regions. Th e work contained also information on sanitary and hygienic state of environment and public health state, taken from offi cial and public materials of Rospotrebnadzor and Health Ministry of Bashkortostan Republic over 2009–2016.Results. Congenital anomalies in fetus increased. In 2015, 21.4 congenital anomalies were registered per 1,000 children aged under 1 year. High levels of congenital anomalies over 2000–2015 were seen in regions of ores mining and extraction, with high content of heavy metals affecting reproductivity (copper, chromium, zinc, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, lead, mercury, manganese, etc.) — in these regions, incidence of congenital anomalies was 3.78 times higher than general level in the Republic.Conclusions. Congenital anomalies levels obviously characterize reproductiverisk of ecologic situation, can be a criterion of sanitary epidemiologic ill-being and serve as an indicator in social hygienic monitoring.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117342330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of x-ray computer densitometry in diagnosis of occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis","authors":"V. N. Druzhinin, L. Artemova, S. N. Troynyakov, U. Tukhtaev","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-55-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-55-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents results of assessing lung parenchyma density within X-ray diagnostic pattern “Opal glass” in patients with changes characteristic for occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis(60 patients) and interstitial pneumonia (65 patients of reference group) vs. reference group (70 individuals), by modified method of X-ray computer tomography of high resolution. Quantitative characteristics as native parameter (HU units), density gradient (IDG), with consideration of homogeneity degree of the evaluated zone by SD value enabled considerable objectification of the changes direction in diagnostic monitoring of the studied lung disorders.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130676228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in indicators of intonation structure of speech in occupational activity of air traffic control operators","authors":"K. I. Zasjad’ko, A. Bogomolov, S. Soldatov, A. P. Vonarshenko, A. F. Borejchuk, M. N. Jazljuk","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-31-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-31-37","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.The study is aimed to determine possible use of vocal signal analysis for diagnosis of functional states in air traffic control operators, with justifying selection of informative parameters of intonation structure of speech.Materials and methods.Experiments on semi-natural simulator complex with participation of 16 air traffic male dispatchers modelled occupational activity of air traffic dispatcher with moderate (6 aircrafts controlled) and intense (7–12 aircrafts controlled) work load. Duration of simulated working shiftwas 6 hours. Registration covered characteristics of main vocal tone of the examinees, with calculation of 8 jitter-factors that portrayed mirco-changes of main vocal tone curve and 2 tremor indices disclosing periodic waves of 4–16 Hz in main vocal tone curve. Functional state of the dispatchers was assessed via cardiac rhythm parameters. Reliability and work capacity of the dispatchers corresponded to correct radio traffi c, changes in threshold of reception and transfer of aircrafts in number of allowable dangerous approach of aircrafts, time to detection of input aircraft’s deviation from preset flight line.Results and discussion.According to analysis of the experiments results, some parameters of the main vocal tone carried significant changes both in first (simulated moderate work load) and second (simulated intense work load) experimental series.The data obtained prove lower level of psychic regulation of the dispatchers’ occupational activity during 3rd to 5thhours of “working shift” in the first experimental series and from 2nd to 4thhours of the second experimental series, due to decreased psychophysiologic resources and developing fatigue.Conclusion.Studies of changes in indicators of intonation structure of speech in occupational activity of air traffic dispatchers demonstrated that using such indicators provides adequate diagnosis of the functional state. The most informative indicators are average value, histogram asymmetry and excessive frequency of main vocal tone, duration of pauses between words of the dispatchers’ commands and fi ft h jitter-factor.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131661913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for development of community-acquired pneumonia in workers of main occupations in production of chrysotile asbestos","authors":"T. Bushueva, N. Roslaya","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-113-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-113-116","url":null,"abstract":"Inpatient examination covered 46 workers of main occupations in chrysotile asbestos production, with diagnosed occupational disease “asbestosis”, and reference group comprising 20 healthy workers of the same enterprise. Th e results present comparative analysis of clinical and anamnesis data in dependence on the past pneumonia, studies of immune state in the asbestosis patients and the healthy workers, data on high occurrence of pneumonia in the workers, comparative analysis of respiratory infections occurrence and concomitant diseases according to the outpatients records and medical examinations. Findings are reliable diff erences and earlier respiratory manifestations in the past-pneumonia workers exposed to chrysotile asbestos, higher occurrence (1.3-fold) of chronic bronchitis and severe disorders of bronchial patency. Immune response factors were characterized as pathogenetic links of pneumococcus infectious invasion. Additional risk factors of pneumonia appeared to be frequent respiratory infections, chronic diseases of upper respiratory tract and middle ear, lower functional state of neutrophils, increased auto-reactivity. To evaluate signifi cance of risk factors infl uence, the authors used fi tt ing criterion X2 (chi-square). Intensity of relationships between the risk factor and outcome was evaluated by contingency coeffi  cient of Pearson. Signifi cance level (p) for all the calculation was accepted less than 0.05.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123275613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinogenic risk assessment in population living in the ecologically problematic areas of Irkutsk region","authors":"Н. В. Ефимова, И. В. Мыльникова, М. В. Кузьмина, Л. Г. Лисецкая, Е. Е. Лозневая","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-117-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-117-121","url":null,"abstract":"Irkutsk region is among territories of intense industrial development. Considerable part of the regional population is long exposed to chemical pollutants of environmental objects. Th e authors evaluated carcinogenic risk for the population of industrial centers and rural area. Findings are that maximal carcinogenic risk is carried by the urban population. Aggregated carcinogenic risk parameters evaluation proved inhalation to be a priority route of exposure. Irkutsk region appeared to have territories with high carcinogenic risk for public health. Among a list of chemicals in the ambient air are priority carcinogens: six-valent chromium and lead. The evidences necessitate measures on the risks minimization. Due to absent data on carcinogens content of drinkable water in some rural area, the necessity is to evaluate risk for the rural population by studies of drinkable water quality that does not match hygienic regulations, because oral one is a main route of carcinogens intake.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of antibodies against benzo[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants","authors":"Ye. G. Polenok, S. Mun, L. Gordeeva, A. A. Glushkov, M. Kostyanko, I. Vafin","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-9-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-9-14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.Coal dust and coal fi ring products contain large amounts of carcinogenic chemicals (specifically benz[a]pyrene) that are different in influence on workers of coal mines and thermal power plants. Specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene therefore in these categories of workers can have specific features.Objective.To reveal features of antibodies specifi c to benz[a]pyrene formation in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants.Materials and methods.The study covered A and G class antibodies against benz[a]pyrene (IgA-Bp and IgG-Bp) in serum of 705 males: 213 donors of Kemerovo blood transfusion center (group 1, reference); 293 miners(group 2) and 199 thermal power plant workers (group 3). Benz[a]pyrene conjugate with bovine serum albumin as an adsorbed antigen was subjected to immune-enzyme assay.Results.IgA-Bp levels in the miners (Me = 2.7) did not differ from those in the reference group (Me = 2.9), but in the thermal power plant workers (Me = 3.7) were reliably higher than those in healthy men and in the miners (p<0.0001). Levels of IgG-Bp in the miners (Me = 5.0) appeared to be lower than those in the reference group (Me = 6.4; (p = 0.05). IgG-Bb level in the thermal power plantworkers (Me = 7.4) exceeded the parameters in the healthy donors and the miners (p<0.0001). Non-industrial factors (age and smoking) appeared tohave no influence on specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers.Conclusions.Specific immune reactions against benz[a]pyrene in the miners and the thermal power plant workers are characterized by peculiarities: the miners demonstrate lower levels of class A serum antibodies to benz[a]pyrene; the thermal power plant workers present increased serum levels of class G antibodies to benz[a]pyrene. These peculiarities result from only the occupational features, but do not depend on such factors as age, smoking and length of service at hazardous production. It is expedient to study specific immune reactions to benz[a]pyrene in workers of coal mines and thermal power plants, to evaluate individual oncologic risk and if malignancies occur.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"25 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120836141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of oncoepidemiological data on possible link between radon exposure and lung cancer","authors":"I. Yarmoshenko, G. Malinovskiy, A. V. Vasil'yev","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-92-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-92-96","url":null,"abstract":"Radon and its derivatives are a global natural factor of radiation infl uence on humans. New data on risk factors of lung cancer and signifi cant volume of epidemiologic and medical statistic data collected recently in various parts of the world prove that meta-analysis of information of link between lung cancer and radon exposure in living area is topical. Th e authors analyzed the most complete set of data on radon infl uence on human health, based on use of territory-wise aggregation of medical statistic materials and case-control research results. Summary covered also results of regression analysis of dependence of lung cancer mortality on average level of radon accumulation in buildings of Russian and US regions, and meta-analysis of over 30 case-control studies performed in various parts of the world. Th e study results support relations between lung cancer and radon irradiation in houses. To evaluate risk of lung cancer induced by radon, one can recommend value of 0.14 (with 90% confi dence interval 0.10–0.18) normalized for exposure to radon derivatives and corresponding to radon volumetric activity of 100 Bq/m3. Radon causes nearly 6% of lung cancer morbidity and mortality in Russia — that is over 3,000 new cases per year.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"52 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120927906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Тhe experimental assessment of NiO nanoparticles toxicity in inxalation exposure","authors":"M. Sutunkova","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-86-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-86-91","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.Nanoparticles of NiO pollute air of workplace in metallurgic production of nickel and alloyed steel (during their use in electric welding). Toxicity of NiO nanoparticles was studied in some experiments, but mechanisms underlying their toxic eff ects are not understood and require wider base of experimental data.Objective. To study toxic eff ects of NiO nanoparticles in chronic inhalation exposure.Materials and methods.Outbred female rats were subjected to repeated low-level inhalation exposure to NiO nanoparticles of 99.99% purity, measured 23±5 nm, 4 hours per day, 5 days per week, up to 10-month duration in an “only nose” device with concentration 0.2±0.01 mg/m3. To select this concentration, preliminary pilot experiment included 5-fold exposure with concentration 1.00±0.12 mg/m3.Results.NiO nanoparticles in short-term and chronic inhalation exposure aff ect lipids peroxidation, red blood parameters, liver and kidney functions, oxidation-reduction balance. All three terms of chronic inhalation experiment cause active alveolar phagocytosis reaction, and their high cytotoxicity is proved by relation of neutrophils to alveolar macrophages and by enzymes levels in bronchoalveolar lavage.Conclusions.NiO nanoparticles if inhaled in concentration 0.2 mg/m3 cause moderate toxic eff ect in experimental animals.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116664527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating informativeness of work capacity level via «Work Ability Index» questionnaires","authors":"I. Bukhtiyarov, T. N. Khamitov, N. Smagulov, N. Kostenko, A. Salnikov","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-4-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-4-8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Evaluating functional state of workers engaged intohazardous work conditions, researchers use not only traditional objective study methods, but also subjective parameters including sociologic polls of workers, with subjective evaluation of working process character, fatigue degree, time dimension, lifestyle, etc.Objective. To compare informativeness of integral criteria of work capacity according to WAI (Work Ability Index) questionnaires with other methods traditionally used in occupational physiology.Materials and methods. Th e study covered workers of plate rolling production in JSC «Arselor Mittal-Temirtau». Physiologic and statistical methods were used.Results. Comparative analysis of work capacity index via WAI with other methods traditionally used in occupational physiology demonstrated that WAI dynamics completely corresponds to central nervous system capacity dynamics, partially corresponds to cardiovascular functional strain dynamics, minimally corresponds to neuromuscular apparatus activity. WAI index can indirectly outline body resistance level assessed by transitory disablement morbidity parameters.Conclusions. Work capacity index by WAI could be directly extrapolated to levels of central nervous system strain and workers’ resistance (evaluated by transitory disablement morbidity), because the correlation dependences revealed completely correspond to dynamics of work capacity index by WAI. Such correspondence was not seen for cardiovascular system and neuromuscular apparatus.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"9 47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124685913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}