Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Occupational disorders of diurnal biorhythms of locomotive crew workers","authors":"D. V. Alpaev, V. Serikov, D. V. Sitovich, O. E. Chernov","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-1-25-30","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Work of locomotive crew members (engine drivers and engine driver assistants) in railway transport is associated with exposure to complex of occupational hazards including psychoemotional stress and shiftwork (with night shifts) along with noise and vibration.Objective. To study influence of shift work (with irregular alternation of day and night shifts) on biorhythms disturbances in locomotive crew workers.Materials and methods. Polls, simulators of occupational activities with training complex «Cabin of engine driver EP1M», daily monitoring of blood pressure, statistic data processing by SPSS–20 software.Results. Findings are that 953 locomotive crew workers (94%) experienced sensations of temporary disorientation, slight dizziness, sleepiness, interpreted as monotony and sensor deprivation. 61% of the examinees demonstrated frustration signs, in 30% of the cases there were certain manifestations of mental ill-being — irritability, fatigue, weariness, absent-mindedness, anxiety; 27.2% of the testees experiences various sleep disorders; 13.8% of the workers complained of «light sleep», 2% of those — restless sleep, 0.6% — sleeplessness. In occupationally related biorhythms disturbance, the body undergoes occupational adaptation, with partial transformation for atypical schedule of sleep and wakefulness.Results. To preserve health, efforts should be aimed at adaptation to shifted occupational activities with safe adaptogenic medications, low-caloric diet for individuals working at irregular shifts, create conditions for adequate physical activity of the workers between shifts. Necessities also are individual norms for blood pressure parameters in engine drivers with night shiftwork, specification of antihypertensive treatment for patients with irregular shifted work.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130675223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary ventilation and gases exchange disorders in workers engaged into refractory materials production","authors":"L. A. Konevskikh, O. G. Omel’chenko, O. G. Drugova, A. Varaksin, T. Obukhova","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-74-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-74-79","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction.Occupational exposure to dust in concentrations sometimes exceeding allowable norms, infl uence of associated hazards (irritating gases, toxic chemicals, unfavorable microclimate at workplace, heavy physical work) cause occupational and occupationally conditioned bronchopulmonary diseases and lower work capacity in workers with main occupations of refractory materials production.Objective.To study functional state of respiratory system for diagnosis of early disorders of pulmonary ventilation and gases exchange in workers of moulded refractory materials production.Materials and methods.Prospective randomized study included apparently healthy male workers (n = 61) of refractory materials plant producing chamott e-silica and spinel-periclase-carbon refractories. Clinic of Ekaterinburg medical research center in 2017–2018 provided examination of carriers (n=21) in spinel-periclase-carbon refractories production shop and pressmen (n=40) of moulding area in chamott e-silica refractories production, aged 27 to 60 years, with length of service in hazardous conditions from 4 to 37 years. Bodyplethysmography helped to assess general lung capacity (GLC), residual lung volume, ratio of residual lung volume to general lung capacity, functional residual lung capacity, bronchial resistance and diff usion lung ability by carbon oxide via single inspiration method. For nonventilated lung volume, the authors used ∆ GLC value that is a diff erence between GLC values measured via bodyplethysmography and via helium dilution in single inspiration maneuver.Results.Obstructive syndrome (6.5%) was a main type of ventilation disorders among the examinees, and equally frequent among the workers engaged into spinel-periclase-carbon refractories production (9.5%) and in those engaged into chamott esilica refractories production (5%). Th e workers engaged into spinel-periclase-carbon refractories production had obstructive syndrome associated with lung hyperinfl ation, and those engaged into chamott e-silica refractories production had also a tendency to restrictive disorders. Lung gases exchange disorders were seen in one third of the examinees, equally frequent in both workers engaged into spinel-periclase-carbon refractories production and those engaged into chamott e-silica refractories production, manifested in 2 variants: lower diff usion lung capacity (fi rst variant) and lower diff usion lung capacity with increased ∆ GLC (second variant).Conclusion.Th e study results prove necessity of bodyplethysmography and diff usion lung capacity diagnosis  to reveal perfusion and ventilation disorders at early stages in workers engaged into spinel-periclase-carbon refr actories production over 8 years and in those engaged into chamott e-silica refr actories production over 12 years. ","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123457322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On updating the major regulations of SanPin 1.2.2353–08 “Carcinogenic factors and the main requirements to carcinogenic hazards prevention”","authors":"V. Gurvich, S. Kuzmin, E. A. Kuz’mina, S. Yarushin, V. Adrianovskiy, G. Lipatov, N. Zlygosteva, T. S. Ustyugova","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-11-46-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-11-46-51","url":null,"abstract":"With transition of governmental supervision activities to risk-oriented model, a priority value is given to specification of a structured pack of legal regulatory and methodic documents on evaluating and managing carcinogenic risk for human health. Some aspects of risk analysis methodology are covered in recent changes of 52-FZ “On sanitary epidemiologic supervision”, but sanitary legislation lacks regulatory and methodic settings for procedures to evaluate and manage risk (including carcinogenic) for human health. This problem prevents implementation of contemporary prognostic models of development, application of complex preventive measures that are effective and resultant in prophylaxis, decrease, compensation and insurance of public health risks.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122853097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases connection to noise when exceeding maximum permissible levels","authors":"V. Fokin, D. M. Shlyapnikov, S. V. Red’ko","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-17-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-17-19","url":null,"abstract":"In accordance with the requirements of paragraph 3.2.6 of sanitary rules and norms «Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for physical factors at workplace», in the event of exceeding noise level at workplace above 80 dBA, an employer is obliged to assess the health risk of workers and confirm an acceptable risk to their health. The connection between the incidence of occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases with noise exposure exceeding the maximum permissible levels (80 dBA) was estimated. The assessment was carried out at a food industry enterprise of Perm Region. Assessing the relationship between morbidity and noise exposure is the first step in evaluation of occupational health risks for workers exposed to noise exceeding MAL. If a reliable relationship between morbidity and noise exposure is established, an assessment of occupational risk is conducted. The odds ratio (OR) for diseases characterized by high blood pressure and disorders of autonomic nervous system was <1 (confidence interval CI=0.11–1.61 and CI=0.08–2.78, respectively). The relative risk (RR) for diseases characterized by high blood pressure and disorders of autonomic nervous system was <1. The received data testify absence of connection of morbidity with exposure to industrial noise, calculation of etiological share of responses and levels of risk is not required.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116868016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative assessment of cancer-related mortality among workers employed at the various stages of pyrometallurgical production of copper","authors":"V. Adrianovskiy, G. Lipatov, Yelena A. Kuz’mina, N. Zlygosteva, T. S. Ustyugova, Irina I. Adamtseva, A. A. Samylkin, Yekaterina Ye. Shmakova","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-11-24-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-11-24-31","url":null,"abstract":"The authors present comparative evaluation of influence caused by complex of carcinogenic work conditions of main stages of copper pyrometallic production on cancer-related mortality of the workers. Findings are that raw copper enrichment, blister copper recovery through reverberative furnace melting and f re refining of blister copper are carcinogenic danger for the workers. Malignancies frequency in the workers appeared to directly depend on occupational exposure to arsenic. The results of the workers’ cancer-related mortality correspond to data of carcinogenic risks evaluation at all stages of metallurgic production of copper. Given the study results, reasonable suggestion is to include raw copper enrichment into official list of occupational processes with carcinogenic danger.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121992661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex evaluation of health state of population residing under combined exposure to noise and chemical risk factors caused by activities of major airport hub","authors":"K. P. Luzhetsky, O. Ustinova, Svetlana S. Kleyn, D. Koshurnikov, Svetlana S. Vekovshinina, V. Chigvintsev","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-12-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-12-16","url":null,"abstract":"Complex evaluation covered health state of population residing under combined exposure to physical (noise) and chemical (manganese, formaldehyde, phenol, benzene) risk factors caused by airport activities. Findings are unacceptable chronic risks expressed through risk index for development of nervous system diseases (HI=9.45–51.75), respiratory disorders (HQ=2,62–6,95) and immune system ailments (HQ=1,75–4,23). In children, functional disorders of nervous system (parasympathetic type vegetative dystonia) and respiratory organs (chronic disorders of upper respiratory tract) are diagnosed 1,5–1,8 times higher than those in the reference group; over 5% of children aged 4–7 years demonstrate bilateral conductive deafness. Reliable cause-effect relationships were revealed between functional nervous system disorders (parasympathetic type vegetative dystonia, astheno-neurotic syndrome, vascular cephalgia, sleep disorders) and increased serum level of manganese and benzene (proportion of explained dispersion, R2=0,55–0,87, 26,44≤F≥389,54), between respiratory diseases (chronic rhinitis, chronic pharyngitis) and increased serum level of formaldehyde (R2=0,73–0,91; 350,8≤F≥778,3), with high statistic significance (p < 0,0001). For sanitary epidemiologic examination purposes, case-based reasoning for relationships of children health disorders, management decisions, the authors suggested and justified a list of parameters for negative combined impact of risk factors caused by airport hub.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"6 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115734898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of production-related diseases in miners employed at deep mining of chromic ores","authors":"N. Zaitseva, O. Ustinova, V. Alekseev, T. Ulanova, E. Vlasova, A. E. Nosov","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-6-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-6-12","url":null,"abstract":"Deep mining is widely spread in Russia; therefore, it is truly vital to determine how labor resources in the branch can be preserved. Adverse working conditions cause elevated risks of not only occupationally induced diseases, but also production-related ones, make medical and social consequences of such diseases even worse, and result in a decrease in overall labor potential of a society. Miners’ working conditions are ones of the most adverse. When participating in technological processes, workers are exposed to a set of adverse and dangerous industrial factors, both common for any deep mining and specific ones related to a type of mineral resources which are mined. We performed a complex assessment of working conditions existing in deep mining of chromic ores in order to detect risks of chronic diseases for miners as well as to determine an extent to which such diseases were production-related. We revealed that working conditions for miners involved in chromic ores mining were associated with joint negative effects exerted by physical and chemical factors of the working process; as per this combination of factors, they can be assigned into “adverse working conditions with 3–4 hazard degree” category. Workers involved in deep mining at chromic mines ran 1.5–5.2 times higher relative risks of cardiovascular system diseases, respiratory system diseases, endocrine system diseases, and hearing organs diseases, than personnel employed at mines but dealing with production processes on the surface. Nervous and respiratory system diseases, endocrine pathologies, and hearing organs diseases in miners employed at chromic mines were to a great extent production-related while cardiovascular system diseases less significantly depended on industrial factors.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"516 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116226206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition quality assessment on industrial enterprises with various service types","authors":"T. Mazhayeva, S. Dubenko, E. G. Plotko","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-11-51-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-11-51-55","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary intake (2 week menu) was evaluated on 4 metallurgic enterprises, with assessment of eating habits and anthropometry in 370 workers, using automated informational system “Calculation system for catering”. The eating habits were assessed through the authors’ questionnaire. According to the study results, the canteens which are units within industrial enterprises are socially oriented, demonstrate higher motivation in service quality, service schedule more corresponding to diet scheme of various shift workers, more variability of dishes, if compared to the canteens working on outsourcing agreements. The canteens working on outsourcing agreements are interested more in profits — that causes more disturbances, lower food quality and discontentment from the workers. Control over the menu formation on the enterprises is poor. Complex meals for therapeutic prophylactic diet, formed without consideration of nutritive value, appeared to have low protein and high fat contents.","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"4018 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127537024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated office hypertension («White coat» hypertension) in occupational medicine (analytic review)","authors":"A. E. Nosov, E. Vlasova, A. S. Baydina, V. Alekseev","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-33-38","url":null,"abstract":"Arterial hypertension is a significant problem for occupational fitness examination in workers engaged into heavy work and exposed to hazardous and (or) jeopardy work conditions. In expert decisions, necessity is to consider medical contraindications which are difficult to interpret in practice. The authors systematized literature data on diagnosis and clinical importance of isolated office hypertension («white coat» hypertension).","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126757026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive capabilities of adolescents training working professions","authors":"O. V. Kiyok, V. Pokrovskiy","doi":"10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-59-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2018-10-59-64","url":null,"abstract":"The authors evaluated influence of study conditions on adaptive resources of students mastering occupation of wood-processing machine operator (80 youths) and secretary-assistant (88 girls), aged 18 years, during practical training. The evaluation method covered regulatory adaptive resources by parameters of cardio-respiratory synchronism test with consideration of genetically determined types of higher nervous activity. The regulatory adaptive resources decreased by 65.3% in a group of less adapted students of wood-processing machine operator occupation, by 57,1% — in a group of the students with more adaptation. In the groups of secretary-assistant occupation the decrease was 29,2% and 20.5% respectively. The regulatory adaptive resources appeared to change in dependence on factors acting on the students during the practical training (maximal in wood-processing machine operators, minimal in secretary-assistants).","PeriodicalId":229714,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129689965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}