The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences最新文献_第2页

Association Between Mid-life Macronutrient Intake and Late-life Hearing Loss: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study 中年大量营养素摄入与老年听力损失之间的关系：社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag214

Humberto Yévenes-Briones, Casey M Rebholz, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Francisco Felix Caballero, Carlotta M Jarach, Emmanuel E Garcia Morales, Jennifer A Deal, Frank R Lin, Moyses Szklo, Nicholas S Reed, Pablo Martinez-Amezcua

{"title":"Association Between Mid-life Macronutrient Intake and Late-life Hearing Loss: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study","authors":"Humberto Yévenes-Briones, Casey M Rebholz, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Francisco Felix Caballero, Carlotta M Jarach, Emmanuel E Garcia Morales, Jennifer A Deal, Frank R Lin, Moyses Szklo, Nicholas S Reed, Pablo Martinez-Amezcua","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag214","url":null,"abstract":"Background The relationship between hearing loss (HL) and diet is unclear. This study examined the association of midlife macronutrient intake and low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet patterns in relation to hearing function measured later in life. Methods This cross-temporal analysis included 2773 adults aged 45-64 years at baseline from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, with follow-up extending for up to 30 years. Midlife dietary macronutrient intake and adherence to low-carbohydrate and low-fat diet patterns were assessed twice using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Hearing function was evaluated at the later-life visit using pure-tone audiometry (0.25–8 kHz) in the better-hearing ear. Linear mixed models, multinomial logistic regression, logistic regression, and restricted cubic splines were conducted after adjusting for the main potential confounders. Results Participants with high total protein intake (quintile 5) exhibited better hearing, particularly at mid and high frequencies, compared to those with lower intake (quintile 1). High protein intake was inversely associated with the odds of experiencing any HL (odds ratio = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–0.84). The relative risk ratio (RRR) for mild HL was 0.63 (CI 0.46–0.85), and for moderate or greater HL, the RRR was 0.64 (CI 0.44–0.94). In contrast, high total fat intake was linked to worse hearing outcomes; additionally, high adherence to a low-fat diet pattern was inversely associated with HL. No association was found between total carbohydrate intake and hearing. Conclusion Our findings suggest that high dietary protein intake and adherence to a low-fat diet pattern in midlife are associated with better hearing function later in life.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of Vitamin D and B12 Levels with Actigraphic Sleep in Cognitively Unimpaired Middle-Aged and Older Adults 认知功能正常的中老年人维生素D和B12水平与活动图睡眠的关系

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag212

Diefei Chen, Jill A Rabinowitz, Fan Wu, Zhikui Wei, Yang An, Jennifer A Schrack, Toshiko Tanaka, Chee W Chia, Mark N Wu, Sarah K Wanigatunga, Luigi Ferrucci, Eleanor M Simonsick, Adam P Spira

{"title":"Association of Vitamin D and B12 Levels with Actigraphic Sleep in Cognitively Unimpaired Middle-Aged and Older Adults","authors":"Diefei Chen, Jill A Rabinowitz, Fan Wu, Zhikui Wei, Yang An, Jennifer A Schrack, Toshiko Tanaka, Chee W Chia, Mark N Wu, Sarah K Wanigatunga, Luigi Ferrucci, Eleanor M Simonsick, Adam P Spira","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag212","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Low vitamin D and B12 levels are linked to low self-reported sleep quality and conditions comorbid with sleep disturbances in older adults. We examined the associations between serum vitamin D and B12 levels with actigraphic sleep indices in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS We studied 460 participants aged 40 and older [70.9±12.0(sd)years; 52.8% female; 22.2% Black] in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Predictors included total serum vitamin D and B12,sleep outcomes included total sleep time (minutes), sleep efficiency (%), sleep onset latency (minutes), wake after sleep onset (minutes), and average wake bout length (minutes). We examined race and sex as effect modifiers of associations between vitaminsand sleep. RESULTS Higher vitamin D concentration was associated with longer total sleep time (B = 23.63 minutes, 95% CI: 9.62, 37.64) and shorter wake bout length (B = -0.29 minutes, 95% CI: -0.50, -0.09). Vitamin D deficiency was associated with shorter total sleep time (B=-23.03 minutes, 95% CI: -42.05 -4.01). The associations between vitamin D and sleep were stronger among Black participants. Higher B12 was associated with shorter wake after sleep onset in women but longer wake after sleep onset in men. B12 insufficiency/deficiency was associated with longer total sleep time in men but shorter total sleep time in women. CONCLUSIONS Higher vitamin D levels are associated with longer and less disturbed sleep in middle-aged and older adults. Future studies are needed to understand if maintaining optimal vitamin D levels improve sleep quality and promote better sleep-associated health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stability and Predictors of Phenotypic Age Acceleration among Virally Suppressed Asians with HIV over Five Years 亚洲HIV病毒抑制者5年以上表型年龄加速的稳定性和预测因素

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag221

Tommy Hing-cheung TANG, Phillip CHAN, Ruby Tsz-shan KWONG, Helen Shuk-ying CHAN, Sai-kwong YUNG, Kwok-wai LAM, Man-yee CHU, Tak-chiu WU, Wilson LAM, Wai-shing LEUNG, Wan-man TING, Jason Ka-wah FONG, Annabel Kai-tung CHOY, Joe Lok-fung TUNG, Daniel Kai-yeung YEUNG, Man-po LEE

{"title":"Stability and Predictors of Phenotypic Age Acceleration among Virally Suppressed Asians with HIV over Five Years","authors":"Tommy Hing-cheung TANG, Phillip CHAN, Ruby Tsz-shan KWONG, Helen Shuk-ying CHAN, Sai-kwong YUNG, Kwok-wai LAM, Man-yee CHU, Tak-chiu WU, Wilson LAM, Wai-shing LEUNG, Wan-man TING, Jason Ka-wah FONG, Annabel Kai-tung CHOY, Joe Lok-fung TUNG, Daniel Kai-yeung YEUNG, Man-po LEE","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag221","url":null,"abstract":"Untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with accelerated biological aging. Using phenotypic age (PhenoAge), a biological clock derived from clinical laboratory parameters, this retrospective study examines changes in phenotypic age acceleration (PAA) among people with HIV (PWH) receiving stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) over a five-year period. PhenoAge and PAA were calculated for clinic attendees at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China at study baseline (T0), defined as at least one year after initiating ART with plasma HIV suppression (HIV RNA &lt;50 copies/mL), and again five years later (T5). Demographic and clinical parameters included initial ART regimen, prior opportunistic infections, CD4+ T-cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). Longitudinal changes in PAA, as well as correlates of PAA at T0 and its changes between T0 and T5, were analyzed. Of the 728 individuals selected (94% Asian; 88% male; median age, 40 years), the median PAA values at T0 and T5 were −0.38 and −0.47 years, indicating non-significant change over five years. At T0, female sex, CD4/CD8 ratio, prior opportunistic infections, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based initial ART, and SII were significantly different among PAA percentile subgroups (p&lt;0.05). Only the change in SII was significantly associated with the change in PAA between T0 and T5 (p&lt;0.001). In this cohort, PAA appeared stable overall among PWH on suppressive ART, consistent with the benefits of sustained HIV suppression for biological aging. However, interindividual variability in PAA exists, and only SII was associated with its longitudinal changes.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carotid Artery Stiffness and Cognitive Performance among Men Living with and without HIV HIV携带者和非HIV携带者的颈动脉僵硬度和认知能力

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag220

Raymond Jones, Jessica Blair, Zenoria L Causey-Pruitt, Michael J Hankes, McKenna A Tharpe-Carter, David E Vance, Amanda L Willig, Daniel M Huck, Wendy S Post, Mary Clare Masters, Frank J Palella, Matthew J Mimiaga, Mallory D Witt, Jamie Peven, Sabina Haberlen, Mariam Aziz, Roland J Thorpe, Emily B Levitan, Thomas W Buford

{"title":"Carotid Artery Stiffness and Cognitive Performance among Men Living with and without HIV","authors":"Raymond Jones, Jessica Blair, Zenoria L Causey-Pruitt, Michael J Hankes, McKenna A Tharpe-Carter, David E Vance, Amanda L Willig, Daniel M Huck, Wendy S Post, Mary Clare Masters, Frank J Palella, Matthew J Mimiaga, Mallory D Witt, Jamie Peven, Sabina Haberlen, Mariam Aziz, Roland J Thorpe, Emily B Levitan, Thomas W Buford","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag220","url":null,"abstract":"Carotid artery stiffness has been associated with cognitive performance; however, the association among men with HIV (MWH) remains unclear. We examined the relationship between carotid artery distensibility and cognitive performance in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). We analyzed data from 717 men (459 MWH and 258 men without HIV [MWoH]) who underwent carotid artery ultrasound and completed neuropsychological testing at least twice. Carotid artery distensibility was divided into tertiles. Cognitive outcomes included psychomotor speed (Trail Making Test A), executive function (Trail Making Test B), and processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test). Multivariable mixed effects linear regressions were used to estimate longitudinal associations between distensibility tertiles and cognitive scores, with adjustments for socio-demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and HIV-related characteristics. Regardless of HIV serostatus, lower vascular distensibility was associated with older age, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and greater prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. In fully adjusted analyses, lower carotid artery distensibility was significantly associated with slower performance on Trail Making Test A and B in MWH. These associations were weaker and not statistically significant among MWoH perhaps due to low sample size. In the combined sample, the rate of decline in executive function with age was similar across distensibility tertiles, but absolute scores were lowest in the low distensibility group. Lower carotid artery distensibility is linked to worse cognitive performance among MWH, suggesting that vascular aging may compound HIV-related cognitive decline.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between physical activity bout length and physical functioning in older adults using absolute and relative intensity thresholds: A longitudinal cohort study 使用绝对和相对强度阈值的老年人身体活动长度与身体功能之间的关系：一项纵向队列研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag219

Matti Hyvärinen, Antti Löppönen, Timo Aittokoski, Soren Brage, Tomas Gonzales, Taina Rantanen, Laura Karavirta

{"title":"Association between physical activity bout length and physical functioning in older adults using absolute and relative intensity thresholds: A longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Matti Hyvärinen, Antti Löppönen, Timo Aittokoski, Soren Brage, Tomas Gonzales, Taina Rantanen, Laura Karavirta","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag219","url":null,"abstract":"Background Defining moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) relative to individual capacity, instead of absolute intensity cut-points, may provide a more meaningful representation of physical activity in relation to age-related decline in physical functioning. We examined whether associations between MVPA energy expenditure (MVPAEE) and changes in physical functioning differ when MVPA is defined using absolute versus relative intensity cut-points, and whether bout length modifies these associations in older adults. Methods This four-year follow-up study included 295 community-dwelling participants aged 75, 80, and 85 at baseline. Physical functioning was assessed using six-minute walking distance (6MWD) and five times sit-to-stand test (FTSTS) time. MVPAEE was measured using thigh-worn accelerometers combined with chest-worn electrocardiography. MVPAEE accumulated in bouts of varying lengths was defined using both absolute intensity cut-points and cut-points relative to individual capacity. Associations between baseline MVPAEE and changes in physical functioning were examined using linear regression models and compositional data analysis. Results Physical functioning declined during the follow-up. Higher relative MVPAEE was associated with a smaller decline in 6MWD (β = 0.27, 95% CI [0.08, 0.46]). Compositional data analyses showed that a higher proportion of MVPA relative to light-intensity activity energy expenditure was associated with a smaller decline in 6MWD (βilr = 0.25–0.31), independent of bout length. Absolute MVPAEE and bout-specific accumulation were not associated with changes in 6MWD or FTSTS. Conclusions The total volume and intensity of physical activity relative to individual’s capacity, rather than bout length, may be key factors in counteracting short-term declines in physical functioning in older adults.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How human and animal frailty index (FI) studies can inform each other: a brief narrative review 人类和动物脆弱指数（FI）研究如何相互告知：一个简短的叙述回顾

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag203

Andrew Rutenberg, Kenneth Rockwood

{"title":"How human and animal frailty index (FI) studies can inform each other: a brief narrative review","authors":"Andrew Rutenberg, Kenneth Rockwood","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag203","url":null,"abstract":"Frailty is common in older people, who are much more often studied than are older animals. This makes it less surprising that research in frailty largely began with insights from humans before being translated into frailty in animals. Back translation, from animal models to humans, followed. Here, we review this interplay. We highlight how properties of the deficit accumulation approach to frailty (our focus) have been reproduced in animals. These include the distribution of frailty scores, the regularity of their change, and the presence of a submaximal limit that appears to reflect the mortality risk associated with significant health deficit accumulation. We offer examples of how animal models have helped us to understand age-related health changes. These changes reflect an increase in health deficits, but also a reduction in the ability to withstand lesser potentially damaging stress (robustness) or to repair such damage when it occurs (resilience). Investigations into how age and sex affect the dynamics of deficit accumulation, in both human and animal models, are underway. Studying frailty in preclinical models will benefit our understanding of health dynamics and health, both for preclinical models and for us.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148870217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epigenetic Clocks of Biological Aging and Cognitively Healthy Longevity: The Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study 生物衰老的表观遗传时钟与认知健康长寿：妇女健康主动记忆研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag215

Andrea Z LaCroix, Bowei Zhang, Steve Nguyen, Susan M Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci, Steve Horvath, Ake T Lu, Mark A Espeland, Stephen R Rapp, Kenneth Beckman, Caroline Nievergelt, Adam X Maihofer, Linda K McEvoy, Aladdin H Shadyab

{"title":"Epigenetic Clocks of Biological Aging and Cognitively Healthy Longevity: The Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study","authors":"Andrea Z LaCroix, Bowei Zhang, Steve Nguyen, Susan M Resnick, Luigi Ferrucci, Steve Horvath, Ake T Lu, Mark A Espeland, Stephen R Rapp, Kenneth Beckman, Caroline Nievergelt, Adam X Maihofer, Linda K McEvoy, Aladdin H Shadyab","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag215","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Little is known about whether epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) clocks are capable of predicting exceptional longevity with or without preserved cognitive function. METHODS We examined 5844 women from the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study. Fifteen epigenetic clocks were measured at baseline (1996-1999). Longevity outcomes were defined as: 1) survival to age 90 with preserved cognition (n = 1726, 29.5%); or 2) survival to age 90 with cognitive impairment (n = 956, 16.4%); vs. 3) death before age 90 (n = 2611, 44.7%). Logistic regression models examined associations between the 15 clocks and survival to age 90 (vs. death before age 90), adjusting for covariates. Multinomial logistic regression models examined associations with survival to age 90 without cognitive impairment and survival to age 90 with cognitive impairment (each vs. death before age 90), also adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Each standard deviation increase in EAA for the first-generation clocks was associated with 7%-18% reduced odds of survival to age 90 vs. earlier death. Stronger associations were observed for second- and third-generation clocks, including AgeAccelGrim2 (OR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.61-0.71), PCGrimAge (OR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.59-0.69), PCPhenoAge (OR = 0.73; 95% CI 0.68-0.78) and DunedinPACE (OR = 0.77; 95% CI 0.72-0.82). None of the clocks was more strongly associated with survival to age 90 with preserved cognition than with survival to age 90 with cognitive impairment, relative to death before age 90. CONCLUSION All epigenetic clocks were associated with exceptional longevity, but none were associated with cognitive healthspan. Developing clocks that can differentiate long survival with and without preserved cognitive function is critical.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148870216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possible osteosarcopenia is associated with floss in intrinsic capacity and early cognitive deficits: a longitudinal study of older adults in Singapore 可能的骨骼肌减少症与牙线内在能力和早期认知缺陷有关：新加坡老年人的纵向研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag211

Vanessa Jean Wen Koh, Khong Thi Minh Thu, Lakkhina Troeung, Rahul Malhotra, Dheeraj Jha, Anitha D Praveen, Yi Xing Liu, Benedikt Helgason, Navrag B Singh, Angelique Wei-Ming Chan

{"title":"Possible osteosarcopenia is associated with floss in intrinsic capacity and early cognitive deficits: a longitudinal study of older adults in Singapore","authors":"Vanessa Jean Wen Koh, Khong Thi Minh Thu, Lakkhina Troeung, Rahul Malhotra, Dheeraj Jha, Anitha D Praveen, Yi Xing Liu, Benedikt Helgason, Navrag B Singh, Angelique Wei-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag211","url":null,"abstract":"Background Osteosarcopenia is linked to frailty, falls, fractures, and mortality. It may impair intrinsic capacity (IC), with emerging evidence especially pointing to its relationship with cognition capacity. We determined the prevalence and characteristics of persons with possible osteosarcopenia in older adults and examined its association with IC, with a focus on cognition. Methods 2,291 participants were recruited through a national household survey of older adults in Singapore. Socio-demographic, health, and psychosocial variables were collected using questionnaires and physical assessments at baseline. Possible osteosarcopenia was defined by the concurrent presence of possible osteoporosis and possible sarcopenia. Multilevel mixed‑effects regression models examined the association of possible osteosarcopenia with IC at baseline, and with cognitive function at six months post-baseline. Results Possible osteosarcopenia, observed among 50.3% of the cohort, was associated with lower IC at baseline, including cognition capacity. Furthermore, baseline possible osteosarcopenia was associated with poor cognitive function at six months post-baseline, particularly among those with loss in cognitive capacity at baseline. This was driven by impaired delayed recall and poor orientation abilities, indicators of both early onset and gradual decline of cognitive impairment. On the other hand, higher education, social networks, resilience, and quality of life were associated with better IC (at baseline) and cognition (at baseline and at six months post-baseline). Conclusion Possible osteosarcopenia is prevalent among older adults in Singapore and is associated with loss in intrinsic capacity and cognitive function, highlighting the importance of early intervention in rapidly ageing societies.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148821187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of Prevalent Dementia in Medicare Advantage Encounters, Compared with Rigorous Cohort Assessments 与严格的队列评估相比，医疗保险优势遭遇中普遍痴呆的识别

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-08-24 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag206

Yi Chen, Slim Benloucif, Bryan D James, Mousumi Banerjee, Francine Grodstein, Julie P W Bynum

{"title":"Identification of Prevalent Dementia in Medicare Advantage Encounters, Compared with Rigorous Cohort Assessments","authors":"Yi Chen, Slim Benloucif, Bryan D James, Mousumi Banerjee, Francine Grodstein, Julie P W Bynum","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag206","url":null,"abstract":"Background Rapid growth in Medicare Advantage (MA) enrollment has spurred dementia research using diagnoses in MA encounter data. However, the validity of MA-encounter-based dementia diagnoses is uncertain. Methods Using four cohort studies at the Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center linked to Medicare data from 2017-19, we validated prevalent dementia indicators in MA encounter data, based on the Bynum-Standard algorithm, against dementia status determined by rigorous cognitive assessment in cohort studies. We replicated analyses among participants in Traditional Medicare (TM). Results Of the 508 eligible MA enrollees, mean age was 82.8 (SD = 7.2) years, 81% were female, and 49% were non-Latino White; 62 participants (12%) were classified as having dementia by the cohort assessment. MA-encounter-based dementia indicators performed reasonably well in identifying participants with cohort-assessed dementia: using encounters alone, positive predictive value was 63% (95% CI: 52-75%), negative predictive value was 96% (95% CI: 94-98%), and accuracy was 92% (95% CI: 89-94%). Inclusion of chart reviews did not impact performance. Compared to TM-based indicators during the same period, MA-based indicators yielded similar validity metrics but identified a less functionally impaired group as having dementia. In secondary validation analysis of MCI, sensitivity was low. Conclusions As one of the first studies to validate dementia diagnoses in MA encounter data, indicators based on the Bynum-Standard algorithm can be a valid tool for identifying prevalent dementia. Findings support the use of MA-encounter-based dementia indicators for research within MA. However, observed health differences between MA- and TM-identified dementia groups suggest potential for selection bias in MA plans.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148806390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A generalized approach for estimating the pace of aging 估计老龄化速度的一种广义方法

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glag205

Marije H Sluiskes, Joris Deelen, Hein Putter, Sara Hägg, Mar Rodriguez-Girondo

{"title":"A generalized approach for estimating the pace of aging","authors":"Marije H Sluiskes, Joris Deelen, Hein Putter, Sara Hägg, Mar Rodriguez-Girondo","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glag205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glag205","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Quantifying the rate of aging is essential for understanding age-related physiological decline and predicting late-life outcomes. The Pace of Aging (PoA) framework addresses this by modeling longitudinal changes across multiple biomarkers. However, the original Dunedin PoA assigns equal weight to all biomarkers and was derived from a young cohort with limited mortality follow-up, which restricts its applicability in older populations and in settings where biomarker relevance is uncertain. METHODS We developed a weighted Pace of Aging (wPoA) using data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA), a longitudinal cohort of older adults with up to nine waves of biomarker data collected over three decades. Using mixed effects models, we estimated individual random intercepts and slopes for 10 biomarkers and assigned weights to these random effects based on their association with time-to-mortality. This mortality-informed weighting distinguishes the wPoA from the original Dunedin PoA. RESULTS We found that wPoA was positively correlated with established biological age predictors and more strongly correlated with low-dimensional predictors such as Functional Aging Index (FAA) and the Frailty Index (FI). Modest correlations across all considered predictors suggest that each measure captures distinct aspects of biological aging. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the wPoA framework introduces a data-driven weighting of random effects and is particularly well-suited for aging cohorts and in settings where marker relevance is uncertain a priori, such as high-dimensional or omics-based contexts. This work provides a foundation for future single-timepoint surrogates that can also be used in settings lacking rich longitudinal data.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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