The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Associations between the triglyceride glucose-body roundness index and frailty trajectory in populations with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome: A nationwide prospective cohort study.","authors":"Zhongmin Fu,Shulin Song,Yan Ji,Lisi Duan,Ziyan Wang,Yue Chen,Yinning Guo,Kang Zhao,Xinyi Xu,Changqing Wang,Qin Xu","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf273","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDFrailty is a key intervention target for older adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Evidence suggests that the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and body roundness index (BRI) are associated with frailty; however, the predictive value of their combination (TyG-BRI) remains unclear.METHODSWe analyzed data from 3,687 middle-aged and older adults with CKM syndrome in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011 to 2020). The frailty index serving as the outcome variable was constructed based on 30 multidimensional health deficit items. The primary exposure, the TyG-BRI index, was calculated as the product of the TyG index and the BRI. Latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM) was employed to identify frailty trajectories. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was conducted to explore the association between TyG-BRI and frailty trajectories. Subgroup analyses were performed to elucidate the interactions among these factors further.RESULTSThree distinct frailty trajectories emerged: pre-frailty to frailty deterioration (18.8%), persistent frailty (53.7%), and pre-frailty transition to health (27.4%). The highest TyG-BRI quartile was associated with a higher risk of pre-frailty to frailty deterioration than the lowest quartile (OR = 2.229, 95% CI: 1.137-4.367). Subgroup analysis indicated a significant interaction between age and the association of TyG-BRI with frailty trajectories (P = 0.041), suggesting the need for age-specific intervention strategies.CONCLUSIONThe TyG-BRI may be an early metabolic biomarker for pre-frailty to frailty deterioration in individuals with CKM syndrome, particularly in older adults. These findings suggest a critical intervention window targeting metabolic dysregulation during the pre-frailty stage.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality Traits Influence Frailty in Older Adults through Health Behaviours and Psychosocial Resources.","authors":"Silvia Vittoria Cracas,Rose Anne Kenny,Siobhan Scarlett,Cathal Mccrory","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf274","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDFrailty is a critical public health issue in aging populations, linked to increased disability, hospitalization, and mortality. While biological and clinical risk factors are well established, less is known about how psychological traits, particularly personality, influence frailty development and 'get outside the skin' to affect health.METHODSUsing data from Wave 3 (2014-2015) of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), we examined associations between the Big Five personality traits and frailty among 2,146 community-dwelling older adults. Personality was assessed with the 60-item NEO-FFI-R. Frailty was measured both subjectively (self-reported deficits) and objectively with clinical and functional indicators matched to the subjective items to minimize reporting bias. Mediation analyses explored psychosocial and behavioral pathways, including stress, social support, resilience, smoking, and body composition.RESULTSNeuroticism was consistently associated with higher frailty, especially on the subjective index. In contrast, openness and extraversion were linked to lower objective frailty. Perceived stress emerged as the strongest mediator of the neuroticism-frailty link, followed by WHR and smoking. For openness, resilience and WHR contributed modestly to its protective effect; extraversion's benefit was primarily mediated by social support. Distinct mediation patterns emerged across personality traits and frailty types, underscoring the complexity of these relationships.CONCLUSIONPersonality traits, particularly neuroticism, openness, and extraversion, are meaningfully related to frailty via psychological and behavioral mechanisms. Findings support the integration of psychosocial resources into frailty prevention and healthy aging strategies.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between osteosarcopenia and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults: evidence from a US cohort.","authors":"Konstantinos Prokopidis,Stefano Cacciatore,Nicola Veronese,Gustavo Duque,Mathias Schlögl","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf276","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThis study investigated domain-specific associations between osteosarcopenia, defined as the coexistence of osteopenia or osteoporosis with low handgrip strength (HGS), and cognitive function in a cohort of older adults (≥65 years) from the 2011-2014 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).METHODSOsteosarcopenia was defined by the presence of osteopenia or osteoporosis (based on femoral T-scores) combined with low HGS. Cognitive function was assessed using the Digit Symbol Substitution, Delayed Recall, Intrusion Word Count, and Animal Fluency tests. Linear regression models examined the bidirectional associations between osteosarcopenia and cognitive performance.RESULTSThe sample included 1355 older adults (mean age 70.3 ± 6.9 years; 57% women). Compared to participants with osteoporosis alone, those with coexisting osteoporosis and low HGS performed significantly worse on the Digit Symbol Test (β = -9.6; 95% CI -16.7 - -2.5; p = 0.01) and had similar Delayed Recall scores (β -0.6; 95% CI -1.3-0.1; p = 0.10). In participants with osteopenia and low HGS, a significant association was observed only for the Digit Symbol Test (β -8.1; 95% CI -13.4 - -2.7; p < 0.01). No significant associations were found for osteoporosis or osteopenia in isolation.CONCLUSIONSOsteosarcopenia, particularly the combination of reduced bone mineral density and low muscle strength, is associated with poorer performance in selected cognitive domains, especially processing speed and memory. These findings underscore the potential value of integrated screening approaches and multidimensional interventions targeting musculoskeletal and cognitive health in aging populations.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of Accelerated Biological Aging, Lifestyle Factors, and Genetic Susceptibility in Cognitive Function: A Community Study.","authors":"Tianpei Ma,Xin Chen,Qingwen Zhao,Xinyin Xu,Xingyu Zhang,Xiaoxue Liu,Diji Zhuoma,Mengjie Hu,Haiyu Yan,Lei Lin,Ke Jiang,Xinyang Dui,Xunying Zhao,Xueyao Wu,Jinyu Xiao,Xia Jiang,Tao Zhang,Mengyu Fan,Lu Long,Ying Deng,Jiaqiang Liao,Jiayuan Li","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf277","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive impairment is a significant health concern in aging populations, but the interplay between biological aging, lifestyle factors, and genetic susceptibility remains unclear. This study examined whether accelerated biological aging is associated with cognitive impairment, whether lifestyle modifies this association, and how genetic background influences these relationships in Chinese older adults. In this cross-sectional study (2022-2023), 7,033 participants from southwestern China were included. Accelerated biological aging was calculated as the residual difference between biological age (based on 10 biomarkers) and chronological age. Lifestyle was assessed via a composite index (smoking, alcohol, physical activity, diet, sleep). Cognitive function was measured using the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination (C-MMSE), and genetic risk was evaluated through polygenic scores and APOE ε4 status. Linear and logistic regression models assessed associations between accelerated aging and cognition. Accelerated biological aging was associated with lower MMSE scores (β = -0.243, 95% CI: -0.354, -0.133) and higher cognitive impairment prevalence (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.040, 1.158). An unhealthy lifestyle exacerbated cognitive impairment in biologically older individuals (RERI = 0.25). Those with both accelerated aging and unhealthy lifestyle had the lowest MMSE scores (β = -1.424, 95% CI: -1.846, -1.003) and highest odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.467, 95% CI: 1.194, 1.803). These effects were consistent across all genetic background subgroups. Accelerated aging was associated with lower cognitive function, especially in individuals with unhealthy lifestyles, regardless of genetic susceptibility. This highlights lifestyle modification as a potential intervention target for aging-related cognitive impairment.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nonlinear U-shaped association between vitamin D deficiency and biological aging acceleration is enhanced in individuals with higher inflammation levels.","authors":"Jatupol Kositsawat,George A Kuchel,Kelin Zhong,Shangshu Zhao,Richard H Fortinsky,Chia-Ling Kuo","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf272","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDAging is multifactorial, yet aging research emphasizes independent risk factors. Endocrine and inflammatory factors have been linked to opposing and synergistic associations with suboptimal aging.METHODSGiven the importance of multifactorial nonlinear approaches, we interrogated interactions of vitamin D deficiency (VDD; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 20 ng/mL) and high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (≥ 2.6 mg/L; the third quartile among the included sample) with biological aging acceleration (BAA) in 313,444 UK Biobank participants. BAA (chronological < expected BA) was derived from PhenoAgeAccel (Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) adjusted for chronological age and covariates). 25(OH)D and CRP levels were linked to BAA using restricted cubic spline regression models.RESULTSWe observed moderation effects of CRP on VDD-BAA association, and that of 25(OH)D on the high CRP-BAA association. PhenoAgeAccel values for participants with VDD were 0.576 (95% CI 0.570 to 0.583) years at CRP z-score 2 compared to 0.121 (95% CI 0.120 to 0.122) years at CRP z-score 0. In contrast to a U-shaped relationship between 25(OH)D and BAA, all higher CRP levels were more strongly associated with higher BAA. Association between VDD and BAA was greater in participants with higher CRP levels, yet participants with high CRP levels showed similar BAA regardless of vitamin D levels.CONCLUSIONSOur findings illustrate these risk factors' nonlinear and interactive nature, highlighting the importance of targeting resulting heterogeneity in aging trajectories by developing more targeted interventions via Precision Gerontology. Approaches may include interventions targeting inflammation in individuals with both VDD and inflammation.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neither caloric nor protein restriction increases the male lifespan of outbred short-lived fish.","authors":"Jakub Žák,Martin Reichard","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf278","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory inbred strains respond strongly to dietary restriction (DR), whereas genetically diverse populations may not experience comparable benefits. The exceptionally short-lived fish, Nothobranchius furzeri, offers several genetically distinct captive populations; however, only the severely inbred GRZ strain has been tested for DR effects. Here, individually kept males (N = 111) of the outbred MZCS 222 strain of N. furzeri were assigned to 1/high-protein diet and two DR forms: 2/low-protein (isocaloric to high-protein but half the protein concentration), or 3/caloric-restriction (half the dose of HP at the feeding time). Neither form of DR significantly extended the lifespan of N. furzeri males. The limited efficacy of protein and caloric restriction in outbred N. furzeri may stem from insensitivity to these forms of DR or from the genetic diversity of the strain in comparison to earlier reported life extension through intermittent fasting in the inbred GRZ strain.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention on Dynamics of Cognitive Frailty: Post-hoc Analysis of the FINGER Trial","authors":"Johanna Pöyhönen, Hanna-Maria Roitto, Jenni Lehtisalo, Esko Levälahti, Timo Strandberg, Miia Kivipelto, Jenni Kulmala, Riitta Antikainen, Hilkka Soininen, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Tiina Laatikainen, Tiia Ngandu","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf275","url":null,"abstract":"Background Cognitive frailty (CF), a condition with physical frailty and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) without dementia, is potentially reversible and linked to adverse outcomes. We aimed to investigate the impact of a multidomain lifestyle intervention on temporal dynamics of CF in older adults at risk of dementia. Methods In the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER), 1259 participants, aged 60–77, were randomized to a 2-year multidomain lifestyle intervention or standard health advice. Frailty was defined by modified Fried phenotype and MCI by lowest quintile in Neuropsychological Test Battery z score. Having pre-frailty/frailty and MCI was classified as CF. Transition probabilities and predictiveness of CF by four different baseline groups (healthy; MCI; pre-frail/frail; CF) were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Results At baseline, 219 participants (18%) had CF. The risk for developing CF at two years was higher in the control group (RR 1.88, p = 0.003). The intervention effect was not modified by baseline CF (p = 0.493). Reversal from CF to no-CF group was more likely in the intervention group, and progression to or persisting with CF in the control group. Compared with healthy participants (n = 401) at baseline, MCI group (n = 244) had RR of 5.10, pre-frail/frail (n = 336) of 3.06, and CF of 30.61 for having CF at two years, with no difference between MCI and pre-frail/frail groups (p = 0.116). Conclusions The two-year multidomain lifestyle intervention was effective in preventing and reversing CF. Participants with MCI or pre-frailty/frailty were both at increased risk for CF compared with healthy.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gait variability predicts falls in older adults with multiple sclerosis","authors":"Manuel E Hernandez, Robert W Motl, Frederick W Foley, Meltem Izzetoglu, Mark Wagshul, Roee Holtzer","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf269","url":null,"abstract":"Background Falls and gait variability are prevalent in older adults with and without multiple sclerosis. Gait variability has been associated with an increased likelihood of reporting falls in older adults, yet its prediction of falls in older adults with multiple sclerosis remains unclear. Methods We examined whether gait variability measured under single- and dual-task walking conditions predicted falls during longitudinal follow-up in older adults with multiple sclerosis (OAMS) and healthy older adults (HOA). HOA (n = 106, mean age=69 years) and OAMS (n = 95, mean age=65 years) completed a single and dual-task walking paradigm and reported falls during a longitudinal follow-up. Gait variability was measured using an instrumented walkway. Results Cox-regression models indicated that larger coefficients of variation (CVs) of dual-task-walk stride length (HR = 1.04, p = 0.017), dual-task-walk swing time (HR = 1.03, p = 0.044), and single-task-walk swing time (HR = 1.05, p &amp;lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with increased hazards of incident falls, even after adjustment. Cohort-stratified cox-regression models with adjustment showed that larger single-task-walk swing time CV was associated with a higher hazard of incident falls in HOA (HR = 1.10, p = 0.028), while larger CVs in dual-task-walk stride velocity (HR = 1.04, p = 0.017), stride length (HR = 1.06, p = 0.016), and swing time (HR = 1.05, p = 0.018) were significantly associated with a higher hazard of incident falls in OAMS. Conclusions Findings suggest that greater gait variability predicts increased fall risk in OAMS and HOA participants, with a 1% increase in CV associated with a 4-10% fall hazard increase. However, walking condition influenced this association with single-task-walk variability being predictive in HOA, while dual-task-walk variability is more predictive in OAMS.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macronutrient content and quality, and risk of multimorbidity in the UK biobank.","authors":"Aitana Vázquez-Fernández,Humberto Yévenes-Briones,Ana Baylin,Francisco F Caballero,Esther Lopez-Garcia","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf267","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMultimorbidity is a major determinant of lifespan in older adults. We aimed to examine the association between overall, healthy and unhealthy Low-Carbohydrate diets (LCD) and Low-Fat diets (LFD) with the incidence of multimorbidity.METHODS112,710 individuals (40-70 years) from the UK Biobank were included. Food consumption was assessed using up to five 24-hour dietary recalls. LCD and LFD scores were calculated based on macronutrient quality. We calculated three versions of each score-overall, healthy and unhealthy. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of ≥ 2 of nine chronic diseases, including cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dementia, Parkinson's disease, stroke, depression, osteoarthritis, diabetes, and coronary heart disease.RESULTSThere were 8,387 individuals with multimorbidity during a median follow-up of 10.7-years. Overall LCD and LFD scores were not associated with higher multimorbidity risk. There was a higher multimorbidity risk for individuals in the highest quintile (Q5) of unhealthy LCD vs. lowest quintile (Q1) [fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.15, p-trend=.16] overall as well as among non-tobacco smokers [1.11 (1.00, 1.23, p-trend=.09]. The unhealthy LFD score was associated with multimorbidity overall [1.07 (1.00, 1.14), p-trend=.07] and never-smokers [1.12 (1.01, 1.24); p-trend=.01]. Healthy scores results were less consistent. The plant protein component had an inverse association with incident multimorbidity risk, whereas the low-quality-fat and animal protein components were each associated with higher risk of multimorbidity.CONCLUSIONDiet scores defined only by the total amount of carbohydrates or fat were not associated with risk of multimorbidity. Unhealthy diet scores including low-quality macronutrients and animal protein were associated with increased risk of multimorbidity.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of saccades in mild cognitive impairment (MCI): a community-based study","authors":"Leihao Sha, Hua Li, Anjiao Peng, Huajun Yang, Xin Liu, Hongjian Zhao, Wenbo Ma, Qiulei Hong, Yusha Tang, Mingsha Zhang, Lei Chen","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf264","url":null,"abstract":"Background Accurate diagnosis and assessment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are essential. The efficacy of saccades in the detection of MCI lacks validation through large-scale clinical trials. Methods All eligible participants underwent saccadic assessment in four tasks and cognitive assessment. MCI diagnoses were made on the basis of clinical indicators and MRI by experienced physicians. The physicians were blinded to the saccade experiments and the operators of saccade experiments were blind to the diagnosis of physicians. The classification models based on machine learning was constructed for assessing the diagnostic accuracy of MCI based on saccadic parameters. Results Of the 559 residents who consented to participate, 383 (153 with MCI and 230 controls) were completely assessed. The classification model trained by saccadic parameters achieved high accuracy in dissociating MCI and control with AUROC of 0.945 (95% CI, 0.924-0.964), sensitivity of 0.824 (95% CI, 0.769-0.886) and specificity of 0.904 (95% CI, 0.867-0.935). The parameters of the memory-guided and antisaccade tasks demonstrated better diagnostic efficacy. The saccade model also exhibited a good diagnostic value in patients with borderline cognition being defined by the score of MoCA. When the borderline cognition was defined as 23-27 of MoCA score, the diagnosing accuracy of MCI based on saccadic parameters resulted with AUROC of 0.911 (95% CI: 0.836-0.972), sensitivity of 0.929 (95% CI, 0.762-1.000) and specificity of 0.796 (95% CI, 0.718-0.863). Conclusions Saccades can distinguish MCI from controls with great accuracy, offering a sensitive and objective diagnostic aid of MCI, especially in participants with borderline cognition.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}