The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences最新文献_第9页

Expanding Geroscience to Vulnerable Populations in mid-late life: Medicaid home- and community-based service users and formerly incarcerated individuals 将基因科学扩展到中老年脆弱人群：医疗补助家庭和社区服务使用者以及以前被监禁的个人

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf040

Richard H Fortinsky, Iman M Al-Naggar, Lisa C Barry, Ellis C Dillon, George A Kuchel, Julie Robison

{"title":"Expanding Geroscience to Vulnerable Populations in mid-late life: Medicaid home- and community-based service users and formerly incarcerated individuals","authors":"Richard H Fortinsky, Iman M Al-Naggar, Lisa C Barry, Ellis C Dillon, George A Kuchel, Julie Robison","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf040","url":null,"abstract":"A wide range of geroscience-guided interventions, or gerotherapeutics, including repurposed drugs, natural products, and lifestyle changes are now being tested in small-scale proof-of-concept studies. If successful, these efforts may help maintain or restore function across numerous health-related domains, thus extending human healthspan. To date, little attention has been paid to exploring the potential of gerotherapeutics to improve healthspan-related outcomes in vulnerable populations that have accumulated experiences detrimental to health in adulthood and later life. We contend that two vulnerable populations that have been especially overlooked are mid-late life adults receiving Medicaid-funded home- and community-based services (HCBS), and previously incarcerated individuals. Published data on Medicaid HCBS users shows ample evidence of racial, ethnic, and health-related heterogeneity, with opportunities for gerotherapeutics to stop or slow the progression of disability. Previously incarcerated individuals show evidence of accelerated biological aging, leading to geriatric conditions and hospitalizations greater than among matched counterparts not experiencing incarceration. We present ethical, equity, and clinical trial design considerations relevant to these vulnerable populations, including the possibility of implementing co-design procedures that might make gerotherapeutic interventions more attractive to individuals in these populations. We also discuss advocacy and service-related networks that could be tapped to help enhance the recruitment of these vulnerable populations into gerotherapeutic clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictors of bi-directional transitions from mild cognitive impairment in a diverse cohort 在不同的队列中轻度认知障碍双向转变的预测因素

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf041

Mitzi M Gonzales, Roman Fernandez, Sarah Kremen, Zaldy S Tan, Amy E Werry, Xueqiu Jian, John Hart, Donald Royall, Gladys Maestre, Sara Espinoza, Sudha Seshadri, Jonathan Gelfond, Chen-Pin Wang

{"title":"Predictors of bi-directional transitions from mild cognitive impairment in a diverse cohort","authors":"Mitzi M Gonzales, Roman Fernandez, Sarah Kremen, Zaldy S Tan, Amy E Werry, Xueqiu Jian, John Hart, Donald Royall, Gladys Maestre, Sara Espinoza, Sudha Seshadri, Jonathan Gelfond, Chen-Pin Wang","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf041","url":null,"abstract":"Trajectories following a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are varied and may fluctuate over time. Among diverse ethnic and racial groups, social factors, medical comorbidities, and biases in assessment procedures may contribute to greater heterogeneity in the MCI diagnostic category and affect its prognostic significance for dementia. The study goal was to evaluate the frequency and variables associated with MCI transitions among non-Hispanic White (NHW) and Latinx older adults. Multistate Markov models characterized transitions across diagnostic states (cognitively unimpaired (CU), MCI, dementia) over ten years. Variables associated with transitions were assessed using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The study included 413 participants (58% female, mean age 72+8, 52% Latinx ethnicity). Following an MCI diagnosis, the likelihood of converting to dementia versus reverting to CU were equally probable. Older age, NHW ethnicity, APOE ε4, diabetes, lower BMI, and higher neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with elevated risk for dementia conversion, whereas younger age and lower neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with CU reversion. Above other factors, higher baseline serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (HR=1.762 (95% CI: 1.367-2.271)) and neurofilament light (HR=1.467 (95% CI: 1.152-1.69)) associated with increased dementia risk. Trajectories following an MCI diagnosis were highly variable with lower dementia conversion rates among Latinx relative to NHW adults, highlighting the need for strong diverse representation in research to capture the range of exposures shaping risk and resilience for cognitive decline. Well-validated blood-based biomarkers are likely to be instrumental for further improving personalized dementia risk predictions.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf038

Santosh Kumar Prajapati, Shalini Jain, Hariom Yadav

引用次数: 0

Ferroptosis activation contributes to kidney aging in mice by promoting tubular cell senescence 铁下垂激活通过促进小管细胞衰老促进小鼠肾脏衰老

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf042

Zheng Wang, Yue Dai, Rui Jin, Dexiameng Mo, Qingyang Hu, Yi Huang, Le Zhang, Cuntai Zhang, Hongyu Gao, Qi Yan

{"title":"Ferroptosis activation contributes to kidney aging in mice by promoting tubular cell senescence","authors":"Zheng Wang, Yue Dai, Rui Jin, Dexiameng Mo, Qingyang Hu, Yi Huang, Le Zhang, Cuntai Zhang, Hongyu Gao, Qi Yan","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf042","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney aging is the strongest independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered form of cell death mediated by iron overload and lipid peroxidation accumulation, has an unclear role in kidney aging. To determine the pathophysiological role of ferroptosis during kidney aging, we employed immunofluorescence, western blotting, and qRT‒PCR to analyze renal cells and tissues in natural aging and accelerated aging mouse models. We investigated the activation of ferroptosis during aging and examined the effects of the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 and the ferroptosis inducer erastin on age-related renal interstitial fibrosis in aged model mice. We found that both naturally aged and stress-aged renal tubular cells and tissues presented extensive abnormalities in ferroptosis-related genes. This included increased expression of ACSL4 and decreased expression of GPX4. Additionally, these abnormalities were accompanied by elevated free iron concentrations; increased expression of iron import proteins, and iron storage proteins; and downregulated expression of the iron export protein Fpn. We further discovered that ferrostatin-1 inhibited, whereas erastin increased, age-related renal interstitial fibrosis in aged mouse kidneys. Finally, our study revealed that aged renal tubular cells exhibit characteristics of ferroptosis and are highly sensitive to ferroptosis, as demonstrated by the activation of ferroptosis-related genes, accumulation of lipid peroxides. Ferrostatin-1 inhibited, whereas erastin increased, D-galactose induced, renal tubular cell senescence in vitro. These findings suggest that ferroptosis exacerbates renal tubular cell senescence and age-related renal interstitial fibrosis. Managing ferroptosis may represent a novel strategy for reversing kidney aging.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Roles of genetic predisposition and mediation of biological age acceleration in the association between air pollution and dementia 遗传易感性和生物年龄加速在空气污染和痴呆之间的关联中的作用

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf046

Zhou Jiang, Yu Yan, Jike Qi, Yuxin Liu, Yuchen Jiang, Hao Zhang, Hao Chen, Xinying Guan, Pan Zhang, Ting Wang, Ping Zeng

{"title":"Roles of genetic predisposition and mediation of biological age acceleration in the association between air pollution and dementia","authors":"Zhou Jiang, Yu Yan, Jike Qi, Yuxin Liu, Yuchen Jiang, Hao Zhang, Hao Chen, Xinying Guan, Pan Zhang, Ting Wang, Ping Zeng","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf046","url":null,"abstract":"Background Air pollution exposure (both individual and joint) is associated with dementia, but its relation to early-onset dementia (EOD) and late-onset dementia (LOD) remains inconclusive. Meanwhile, the modification by genetic predisposition and mediation by accelerated biological aging are also unclear. Methods A cohort of 285,774 dementia-free participants from the UK Biobank was analyzed. Exposure levels of four major air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and NOx), two air pollution scores (APS1 and APS2) were obtained, and their associations with all-cause dementia (ACD), EOD and LOD were assessed via Cox models. Genetic predisposition to dementia was evaluated and the mediation role of PhenoAge-Accel was investigated under the counterfactual framework. Results During a median follow-up of 13.4 years, 3,898 participants developed ACD, including 231 with EOD and 3,650 with LOD. Per IQR increase of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, NOx, APS1 and APS2 was associated with 6.5% (95%CIs) (2.3~10.9%), 6.8% (2.2~11.5%), 4.6% (0~9.5%), 5.3% (0.7~10.0%), 6.8% (2.7~11.1%) or 6.7% (2.2~11.4%) higher risk of incident ACD, exhibiting a stronger effect on EOD than LOD. Participants with the highest polygenic risk score (PRS) and APSs possessed the greatest risk of ACD, EOD and LOD. PhenoAge-Accel moderately mediated the influence of air pollution exposure on ACD risk, especially among low genetic risk participants, with slightly lower mediation effects for EOD than LOD. Similar results were found when adopting KDMAge-Accel. Conclusions Long-term joint exposure to air pollutants exhibited stronger associations with EOD than LOD, and accelerated biological aging serves as a partial mediator in this adverse connection.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing step counting algorithms for high-resolution wrist accelerometry data in older adults in the ARIC study 在ARIC研究中比较老年人高分辨率手腕加速度计数据的步数计算算法

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf034

Sunan Gao, Xinkai Zhou, Lily Koffman, Amal A Wanigatunga, Jennifer A Schrack, Ciprian M Crainiceanu, John Muschelli

{"title":"Comparing step counting algorithms for high-resolution wrist accelerometry data in older adults in the ARIC study","authors":"Sunan Gao, Xinkai Zhou, Lily Koffman, Amal A Wanigatunga, Jennifer A Schrack, Ciprian M Crainiceanu, John Muschelli","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf034","url":null,"abstract":"Background Step counting from wrist accelerometry data is widely used in physical activity research and practice. While several open-source algorithms can estimate steps from high-resolution accelerometry data, there is a critical need to compare these algorithms and provide practical recommendations for their use in older adults. Methods 1,282 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants (mean age 83.4, 60% female) wore ActiGraph GT9X wrist devices for 7 days, collecting 80Hz tri-axial accelerometry data. Five open-source step-counting algorithms (ADEPT, Oak, SDT, Verisense, and Stepcount) were applied to this data. Step count distributions and their cross-sectional associations with health outcomes were compared. Results The estimated mean daily step counts varied widely across algorithms, ranging from 988 for ADEPT to 23,607 for SDT. Pearson correlations across methods ranged from moderate (r=0.52) to very strong (r=0.96). All step counts were highly associated with age, with an estimated decline of 119.0 to 142.8 steps/year (all p&lt;0.001) with comparable trends observed across demographic subgroups. After z-score standardization (subtracting the population mean and dividing by the population standard deviation), the estimated steps from each algorithm exhibited similar directionality and magnitude of association with various metabolic, cardiovascular, physical performance, and cognitive outcomes (all p&lt;0.001). Conclusion The estimated step counts algorithms are highly correlated, and, after z-scoring, have similar and highly significant associations with health outcomes. Because the total number of steps varies widely across algorithms, interpretation and translation of results for health monitoring and clinical use in older adults depends on the choice of step counting algorithm.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multivariate Profiling of Physical Resilience in Older Adults After Total Knee Replacement Surgery: Results from a Prospective Observational Study 全膝关节置换术后老年人身体恢复力的多因素分析：一项前瞻性观察研究的结果

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf032

Qian-Li Xue, Thomas Laskow, Mallak K Alzahrani, Ravi Varadhan, Jeremy D Walston, Jennifer A Schrack, Anne B Newman, Frederick Sieber, Karen Bandeen-Roche

{"title":"Multivariate Profiling of Physical Resilience in Older Adults After Total Knee Replacement Surgery: Results from a Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Qian-Li Xue, Thomas Laskow, Mallak K Alzahrani, Ravi Varadhan, Jeremy D Walston, Jennifer A Schrack, Anne B Newman, Frederick Sieber, Karen Bandeen-Roche","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf032","url":null,"abstract":"Background As individuals age, their ability to cope with and recovering from health challenges becomes vital for maintaining independence and quality of life. This study aims to develop a multivariate phenotype of physical resilience based on individual recovery dynamics before and after a physical stressor. Methods This prospective observational study included 104 individuals aged ≥ 60 who underwent elective total knee replacement (TKR) for degenerative joint disease between December 2, 2019, and January 4, 2023. A multivariate resilience phenotype was derived from physical function assessments over 12 months after TKR using the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale Physical Subscale, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Quality of Life Score, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Score. Validation was performed using markers (i.e., frailty and self-reported health) and determinants (e.g., the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)) of recovery potential. Results Distinct resilience profiles were identified across the four measures, showing varied baseline levels and/or change rates over 12 months. By combining and analyzing resilience profiles across measures, two distinct groups emerged: 33.7% were classified as non-resilient and 66.4% as resilient. The non-resilient group had a higher prevalence of frailty (37.1% vs. 10.1%, p&lt;0.01), poor or fair self-reported health (48.6% vs. 5.8%, p&lt;0.01), and moderate or severe comorbidity burden (CCI &gt;2; 28.6% vs. 10.1%, p=0.03). Conclusions Recovery trajectories after TKR revealed varying resilience levels that could not be fully explained by baseline health status. Understanding individual resilience can enhance patient care by promoting recovery and overall well-being.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incremental Healthcare Costs of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study 社区居住老年人痴呆和认知障碍的增量医疗费用：一项前瞻性队列研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf030

Kerry M Sheets, Howard A Fink, Lisa Langsetmo, Allyson M Kats, John T Schousboe, Kristine Yaffe, Kristine E Ensrud

{"title":"Incremental Healthcare Costs of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study","authors":"Kerry M Sheets, Howard A Fink, Lisa Langsetmo, Allyson M Kats, John T Schousboe, Kristine Yaffe, Kristine E Ensrud","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf030","url":null,"abstract":"Background Cognitive impairment and dementia are associated with higher healthcare costs; whether these increased costs are attributable to greater comorbidity burden is unknown. We sought to determine associations of cognitive impairment and dementia with subsequent total and sector-specific healthcare costs after accounting for comorbidities and to compare costs by method of case ascertainment. Methods Index examinations (2002-2011) of four prospective cohort studies linked with Medicare claims. 8,165 community-dwelling Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries (4,318 women; 3,847 men). Cognitive impairment identified by self-or-proxy report of dementia and/or abnormal cognitive testing. Claims-based dementia and comorbidities derived from claims using Chronic Condition Warehouse algorithms. Annualized healthcare costs (2023 dollars) ascertained for 36 months following index examinations. Results 521 women (12.1%) and 418 men (10.9%) met criteria for cognitive impairment; 388 women (9%) and 234 men (6.1%) met criteria for claims-based dementia. After accounting for age, race, geographic region, and comorbidities, mean incremental costs of cognitive impairment versus no cognitive impairment in women (men) were $6,883 ($7,276) for total healthcare costs, $4,160 ($4,047) for inpatient costs, $1,206 ($1,587) for SNF costs, and $689 ($668) for HHC costs. Mean adjusted incremental total and inpatient costs associated with claims-based dementia were smaller in magnitude and not statistically significant. Mean adjusted incremental costs of claims-based dementia versus no claims-based dementia in women (men) were $759 ($1,251) for SNF costs and $582 ($535) for HHC costs. Conclusions Cognitive impairment is independently associated with substantial incremental total and sector-specific healthcare expenditures not fully captured by claims-based dementia or comorbidity burden.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of plasma fatty acid profile with trajectory of multimorbidity and mortality: A community-based longitudinal study 血浆脂肪酸谱与多病和死亡率轨迹的关联：一项基于社区的纵向研究

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf031

Yang Li, Jiao Wang, Yuyang Miao, Michelle M Dunk, Silvia Maioli, Zhongze Fang, Qiang Zhang, Weili Xu

{"title":"Association of plasma fatty acid profile with trajectory of multimorbidity and mortality: A community-based longitudinal study","authors":"Yang Li, Jiao Wang, Yuyang Miao, Michelle M Dunk, Silvia Maioli, Zhongze Fang, Qiang Zhang, Weili Xu","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf031","url":null,"abstract":"Background Plasma fatty acids have been linked to various chronic diseases and mortality, but the extent to which fatty acids are associated with the trajectory of multimorbidity remains unclear. We investigated the association of fatty acid profile with multimorbidity trajectories and event-free survival. Methods Within the UK Biobank, 138,685 chronic disease-free participants were followed for up to 16 years. 17 plasma fatty acids were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance. A comprehensive healthy fatty acid score (HFAS) was constructed using LASSO regression. Incidence of chronic diseases and death were ascertained through linkages to medical and death records. Event-free survival was defined as survival without chronic diseases or death. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model, Cox regression, and Laplace regression. Results High HFAS was associated with lower risk of chronic diseases/death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.907, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.888-0.925) and prolonged event-free survival time by 0.636 (95% CI: 0.500-0.774) years compared to low HFAS. High HFAS was also associated with a slower accumulation trajectory of multimorbidity (β: -0.042, 95% CI: -0.045 to -0.038). There was a significant multiplicative interaction between moderate-to-high HFAS and healthy lifestyle on chronic disease/death (P for interaction = 0.002) and multimorbidity accumulation trajectories (P for interaction&lt;0.001). Conclusions A healthier plasma fatty acid metabolic profile is associated with a slower accumulation of multimorbidity and prolonged event-free survival time. A healthy lifestyle may strengthen the protective association of HFAS with the risk of chronic diseases/death and the accumulation trajectory of multimorbidity.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning scoring reveals increased frequency of falls proximal to death in Drosophila melanogaster 机器学习评分显示黑腹果蝇死亡前跌倒的频率增加

The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaf029

Faerie Mattins, Shriya Nagrath, Yijie Fan, Tomás Kevin Delgado Manea, Shoham Das, Aditi Shankar, John Tower

{"title":"Machine learning scoring reveals increased frequency of falls proximal to death in Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Faerie Mattins, Shriya Nagrath, Yijie Fan, Tomás Kevin Delgado Manea, Shoham Das, Aditi Shankar, John Tower","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glaf029","url":null,"abstract":"Falls are a significant cause of human disability and death. Risk factors include normal aging, neurodegenerative disease, and sarcopenia. Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful model for study of normal aging and for modeling human neurodegenerative disease. Aging-associated defects in Drosophila climbing ability have been observed to be associated with falls, and immobility due to a fall is implicated as one cause of death in old flies. An automated method for quantifying Drosophila falls might facilitate the study of causative factors and possible interventions. Here, machine learning methods were developed to identify Drosophila falls in video recordings of 2D movement trajectories. The study employed existing video of aged flies as they approached death, and young flies subjected to lethal dehydration/starvation stress. Approximately 9,000 frames of video were manually annotated using open-source tools and used as the training set for You Only Look Once (YOLOv4) software. The software was tested on specific hours within a 22 hour video that was originally manually-annotated for number of falls per hour and corresponding timestamps. The model predictions were evaluated against the manually-annotated ground truth, revealing a strong correlation between the predicted and actual falls. The frequency of falls per hour increased dramatically 2-4 hours prior to death caused by dehydration/starvation stress, whereas extended periods of increased falls were observed in aged flies prior to death. This automated method effectively quantifies falls in video data without observer bias, providing a robust tool for future studies aimed at understanding causative factors and testing potential interventions.","PeriodicalId":22892,"journal":{"name":"The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143418456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0