Reviews in Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Mechanism of Absorption, Transport and Metabolic Transformation of Astaxanthin in Aquatic Animals","authors":"Huakang Peng, Yihui Du, Qianwen Ding, Dongdong Du, Ruyue Dong, Chao Ran, Zhen Zhang, Yuanyuan Yao, Hui Liang, Ming Li, Nan Wang, Yalin Yang, Zhigang Zhou","doi":"10.1111/raq.70202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70202","url":null,"abstract":"The global astaxanthin market reached $1.69 billion in 2024, with 47% directed to aquafeed—yet the molecular basis of its absorption, metabolism, deposition, and storage in aquatic organisms remains incompletely resolved. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will help optimize feed formulations, enhance astaxanthin bioavailability, and improve economic efficiency in aquaculture. This study investigates the absorption mechanisms of astaxanthin mediated by intestinal lipid transporters (SR‐B1, CD36, NPC1L1) and its utilization/deposition in different tissues and organs. It reviews the latest research progress on major absorption pathways, metabolic processes, and storage forms of astaxanthin in aquatic organisms, analyzes key factors affecting its utilization efficiency, and discusses potential future research directions to provide a scientific basis and theoretical support for aquaculture practices.","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148877356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening Plus Training: A Strategy to Counter Germplasm Degeneration in Cultivated Kelp ( Saccharina japonica )","authors":"Ershuai Huang, Xiaobin Yang, Luyang Xiao, Lirong Chang, Xiaobo Li, Li Guo, Guanpin Yang","doi":"10.1111/raq.70201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70201","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the introduced founder sporophytes, a set of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>S. japonica</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> varieties and a few hybrid kelp have been bred and intensively cultivated in China. The cultivation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>S. japonica</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> has been running up against the impasse of germplasm degeneration characterized by low growth performance, degrading disease resistance, and weak stress tolerance among others. Diverse causes, mainly the deprivation of competition and stress experience among gametophytes, eggs, sperms, and young sporophytes and the absence of stress memory, may underline such degeneration. The causes also include the intermixture, narrow genetic background, deficiencies of elite alleles, favorite haplotypes and best genomic phases, high propagation and mutation rates, and various reproduction strategies. Paving the ways out of such impasse of kelp (refers exclusively to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>S. japonica</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> in this review) cultivation industry will be highly appreciated. The possible causes of kelp germplasm degeneration were summarized, and the seeable, feasible, and applicable ways out were proposed in this review. Besides introducing new genetic variations during genetic improvement and breeding elite varieties, the agronomic performance of available kelp varieties can be maintained through the intensive selection of parental sporophytes with desirable measurable traits from the cultivating population for seedling raising. Their performance can also be improved by priming the parental gametophytes of hybrid kelp and young sporophyte seedlings of both normal varieties and hybrid kelp with the stresses ever met or might bump into during cultivation. Such a strategy may also be applicable for many other aquacultured species.","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"384 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Environmental Stressors Effects and Stress‐Mitigation Technologies for Fish Transportation: A Review","authors":"Jie Cao, Yan Wang, Jun Mei, Mariana Teles, Jing Xie, Tort Lluis","doi":"10.1111/raq.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70200","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing consumer demand for fresh and nutritious food has contributed to the expansion of fresh food from aquaculture and live fish market particularly in Asian countries. However, fish undergo stress during live transportation due to the deterioration of water quality, temperature fluctuations, and excessive densities, and so forth. As the live fish transportation directly affects fish welfare and economic efficiency, developing efficient and appropriate transport strategies has become a critical focus in aquaculture research. This paper synthesizes the major stressors associated with live fish transport, including temperature, water quality, and density. It further explores the physiological and biochemical responses induced by transport stress, such as oxidative stress, immune suppression, and tissue damage. Additionally, current mitigation strategies are reviewed from multiple perspectives, such as selective genetic breeding, dietary supplementation, water quality optimization, waterless transport, and anesthetic‐assisted handling. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive reference for understanding and managing stress during live fish transport and offers a theoretical foundation for improving fish welfare and promoting the sustainable development of aquaculture logistics.","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquaculture Systems Affect the Impact of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Growth and Immunity of Oreochromis niloticus : A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis","authors":"Diego Cardenas Laverde, Ruth Yolanda Ruiz Pardo, Luisa Marcela Villamil Diaz","doi":"10.1111/raq.70199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70199","url":null,"abstract":"Tilapia ( <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Oreochromis niloticus</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> ) aquaculture is expanding worldwide, yet disease, environmental variability, and the need for sustainable production remain major challenges. Biotics, including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, have been explored to enhance growth and immunity, but their effectiveness across aquaculture systems is not fully understood. This systematic review and meta‐analysis examined 141 studies, including 96 with quantitative data, to identify consistent biological responses of different biotics. Probiotics were the most studied and consistently effective additives, improving weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and immune performance across diverse production environments. Synbiotics and prebiotics provided additional benefits, though less consistently. Synbiotics sometimes produced larger effects with higher variability, while prebiotics showed moderate average effects; however, the small number of available studies, substrate heterogeneity, and wide uncertainty limited confidence in their reproducibility. Immunological and biochemical analyses revealed increased lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities, along with reduced alanine transferase, supporting enhanced antioxidant and hepatoprotective capacity. Production system emerged as an important source of heterogeneity across studies, with closed systems displaying more consistent growth‐related responses than open systems, suggesting that the biological effects of probiotics may be system dependent. Overall, probiotics represent the most widely used and reliable strategy to enhance tilapia health and performance, while closed systems appear to provide more stable conditions for growth‐related responses. However, further research using transcriptomic approaches, such as RNA sequencing, is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying system‐dependent responses.","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Threshold Limits for Multiple Abiotic Stressors in Fisheries and Aquaculture Systems","authors":"Neeraj Kumar,&nbsp;Rinku Dey,&nbsp;Mukesh Bhendarkar,&nbsp;Kotha Sammi Reddy","doi":"10.1111/raq.70181","DOIUrl":"10.1111/raq.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aquatic ecosystems are increasingly exposed to multiple abiotic stressors driven by climate change, environmental degradation, and anthropogenic activities. These stressors, including temperature fluctuations, dissolved oxygen depletion, pH alterations, ammonia accumulation, salinity changes, excessive stocking density, and contamination by inorganic and organic pollutants, can adversely affect fish physiology, growth, reproduction, immunity, and survival. The objective of this review is to synthesize current knowledge on threshold limits of major abiotic stressors relevant to fisheries and aquaculture systems and to evaluate their individual and interactive effects on aquatic organisms. The review highlights substantial interspecific variation in tolerance limits, greater sensitivity of early life stages, and the importance of considering multiple stressor interactions when defining sustainable environmental thresholds. Evidence indicates that rising temperatures can intensify contaminant toxicity, reduce dissolved oxygen availability, and alter salinity and ammonia dynamics, thereby increasing physiological stress in aquatic organisms. A comprehensive literature survey was conducted using major electronic databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. Relevant peer-reviewed research articles, review papers, and technical reports published over the past seven decades were identified using appropriate keywords and Boolean search operators. Understanding these threshold limits is essential for developing science-based management strategies, improving fish welfare and production efficiency, and supporting adaptive policies for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture under changing environmental conditions. Interestingly, we anticipate that this review will serve as a valuable reference for researchers, aquaculture practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders involved in the sustainable management of aquaculture and fisheries resources.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148767288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagy in Aquatic Animals: A Double-Edged Sword in Environmental Stress Response and Nutritional Mitigation Strategies","authors":"Hui Gao,&nbsp;Yue Liu,&nbsp;Xiuling Li,&nbsp;Wenxia Wang","doi":"10.1111/raq.70198","DOIUrl":"10.1111/raq.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intensification of aquaculture and global climate change expose aquatic animals to multifaceted environmental stressors, triggering diverse stress-response cascades to mitigate cellular damage and preserve physiological homeostasis. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved lysosome-dependent catabolic process that degrades damaged or redundant cellular components to maintain cellular homeostasis and physiological functions, plays a crucial role in the environmental stress response in aquatic animals. This review systematically summarizes the modulatory influence of major environmental stressors (physical, chemical, and biological) on autophagic activity in aquatic species. Overall, the regulatory network mainly centers on oxidative stress responses, mitochondrial quality control, the 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling axis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and related pathways. The dynamic equilibrium of autophagic flux dictates the cellular fate balance between adaptive survival and stress-induced injury: physiologically moderate autophagy functions as a cytoprotective and adaptive mechanism that confers stress resilience, whereas dysregulated autophagy (either impaired flux or excessive activation) disrupts cellular homeostasis and shifts cell fate toward apoptotic death. Additionally, this review explores the potential of nutritional intervention strategies to modulate autophagic activity and alleviate stress-induced damage in aquatic animals. Finally, key challenges and prospective research directions are proposed, providing a theoretical framework for deciphering stress resistance mechanisms in aquatic animals and advancing sustainable aquaculture practices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148715845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino Acids in the Natural Food Web of Global Fishponds: Way Forward for Precision Protein Feeding in Pond Cyprinid Aquaculture","authors":"Md. Foysul Hossain,&nbsp;Katerina Sezimova,&nbsp;Jan Mraz,&nbsp;Radek Gebauer,&nbsp;Lubos Zabransky,&nbsp;Koushik Roy","doi":"10.1111/raq.70195","DOIUrl":"10.1111/raq.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural food webs in freshwater pond ecosystems provide an important nutritional foundation for cyprinid aquaculture, yet information on their protein and amino acid composition remains fragmented. This review synthesized published data from 30 studies (1950–2026) reporting protein and indispensable amino acid (IAA) composition of freshwater natural food resources, including algae, zooplankton, and zoobenthos. Protein and IAA concentrations were standardized on a dry matter basis and evaluated relative to common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) amino acid requirement benchmarks. Natural food protein quantity and quality followed the trophic pattern zooplankton &gt; zoobenthos &gt; algae. The IAA profiles in zooplankton and zoobenthos mostly met or exceeded common carp dietary benchmarks, unlike algae which may fall short. Relative trophic position (RTP) was positively associated with all IAAs, supporting the concept of trophic upgrading within freshwater food webs. Lysine exhibited the strongest relationship with RTP (<i>R</i>² = 0.551), demonstrating a high sensitivity to natural food choices by pond carp, whereas methionine showed the weakest relationship, strictly controlled across trophic levels, making it one of the most difficult IAAs to source in pond food web. Our analysis suggests that any ideal protein concept for supplementary feed for ponds should be centered around methionine (as denominator), as most supplementary pond feed protein ingredients may exacerbate the methionine deficiencies and undermine protein utilization. A nutritional ecology framework integrating food web IAA into precision pond feed, with complementary ingredient choices, can greatly enhance the efficiency and cleanliness of pond aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/raq.70195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture: Key Considerations for Assessing Environmental and Economic Performance","authors":"Sara Hornborg,&nbsp;Fabrizio Capoccioni,&nbsp;Xavier Irz,&nbsp;Markus Langeland,&nbsp;Arianna Martini,&nbsp;Domitilla Pulcini,&nbsp;Fredrik Salenius,&nbsp;Friederike Ziegler","doi":"10.1111/raq.70192","DOIUrl":"10.1111/raq.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), defined as the co-production of species at different trophic levels, is conceptually appealing. By utilising complementary functions of different species, it holds opportunities for lower environmental impact, higher productivity, and increased profitability in comparison with conventional monoculture. However, whether those advantages materialise in practice remains unclear. Here we review available life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost–benefit analysis (CBA) studies of IMTAs to further the current understanding of environmental and economic performance. We find that, overall, LCAs conclude that IMTAs investigated have not been able to deliver on environmental promises, while CBAs generally find that IMTAs have both better financial performance and lower environmental externalities than monoculture equivalents. The main reasons for these contrasting findings include the nature of the systems assessed so far—often theoretical or experimental set-ups with non-optimised designs—combined with methodological choices in assessments. The findings of the review thus suggest that it is still unclear to what extent IMTA can deliver on its promises in practice, and that IMTA is no panacea for aquaculture but requires careful design to be effective for its intended use. Integrating robust LCAs and CBAs early in the development phase can help identify viable IMTA set-ups based on key drivers of environmental and economic performance and, in this way, minimise the risks of misaligned practices. A first step towards realising the potential of IMTA is to carry out robust assessments that avoid key mistakes in both LCAs and CBAs, to which end we provide hands-on recommendations for future assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/raq.70192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Update on Advancement in Genomics Resources for Spiny Lobster Aquaculture Development","authors":"Courtney Lewis,&nbsp;Ahmad Farhadi,&nbsp;Susan Glendinning,&nbsp;Thomas Banks,&nbsp;Tara Kelly,&nbsp;Andrew G. Jeffs,&nbsp;Sandra Infante Villamil,&nbsp;John Breen,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Cobcroft,&nbsp;Arya Vazirzadeh,&nbsp;Basseer M. Codabaccus,&nbsp;Chris G. Carter,&nbsp;Quinn P. Fitzgibbon,&nbsp;Gregory G. Smith,&nbsp;Tomer Ventura","doi":"10.1111/raq.70197","DOIUrl":"10.1111/raq.70197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid advancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies has transformed aquaculture genomics, enabling unprecedented insights into the biology and improvement of non-model aquatic species. Among crustaceans, lobsters represent one of the most commercially valuable yet genomically underexplored taxa. This review synthesises the current state of genomic and transcriptomic resources available for spiny and slipper lobsters (Achelata), contextualising these within the broader decapod framework. We outline key genomic assemblies, transcriptomic atlases, and molecular tools that underpin emerging research on reproduction, nutrition, growth, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. We further highlight how omics-driven approaches—spanning whole-genome sequencing, SNP discovery, RNA interference, and nutrigenomics—are reshaping opportunities for selective breeding, reproductive control, and feed optimisation. Recent progress in establishing closed-cycle aquaculture of <i>Panulirus ornatus</i> now provides the foundation for applying these molecular resources to address key production bottlenecks, including larval duration, cannibalism, and asynchronous moulting. We propose future directions integrating genomics, transcriptomics, and functional tools to accelerate sustainable domestication and genetic improvement of lobsters. Together, these advances mark a pivotal shift toward genomically informed spiny lobster aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/raq.70197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Genogroups to Control Strategies: A Comprehensive Review of Piscirickettsia salmonis and Piscirickettsiosis to Optimize Health Management in Salmonid Aquaculture","authors":"Marco Rozas-Serri","doi":"10.1111/raq.70194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Piscirickettsiosis, caused by the facultative intracellular bacterium <i>Piscirickettsia salmonis</i>, remains the primary infectious disease economically limiting salmonid aquaculture in Chile, while its incidence has also increased in farmed salmonids in Ireland, Scotland, Australia, and Canada in recent years. This comprehensive review synthesizes 181 peer-reviewed publications (2014–2026) to integrate transformative advances in <i>P. salmonis</i> genomics, pathogenesis, epidemiology, host immunity, and control strategies, updating the foundational 2014 review by Rozas and Enríquez. Comparative genomic studies have consistently resolved LF-89-like and EM-90-like isolates as two distinct phylogenomic clusters, with marked differences in pan-genome composition, lineage-specific proteins, ribosomal operon organization, and Dot/Icm-associated genomic architecture, supporting genogroup-level divergence that should not be inferred from any single threshold-based metric such as Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) alone. Genogroup-specific disease phenotypes are also well established. LF-89 produces chronic granulomatous infections, whereas EM-90 causes acute hemorrhagic septicemia. Mechanistically, <i>P. salmonis</i> evades cell-mediated immunity by inhibiting phagosome–lysosome fusion and suppressing MHC-I–mediated antigen presentation, impairing CD8⁺ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte priming and likely explaining the consistently low vaccine efficacy and genogroup-restricted cross-protection observed under field conditions. Treatment failures persist despite absent widespread acquired resistance, attributable to intracellular persistence, biofilm formation, and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic mismatches. Despite exponential growth in mechanistic knowledge, a substantial translational gap persists between research findings and operational implementation. This review identifies critical priorities requiring urgent investment: genogroup-specific bivalent vaccine development, climate-adaptive biosecurity frameworks, molecular diagnostic standardization for real-time genogroup surveillance, and integrated control strategies tailored to <i>P. salmonis</i> genomic heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":227,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Aquaculture","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148647718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}