The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research最新文献

{"title":"Identified substances from the leaves of Tephrosia cinerea (Leguminoseae) crude extracts and their phytotoxic effects.","authors":"A. Filho, L. Santos, G. Guilhon, R. C. Moraes, R. Santos, A. P. Filho, J. Felizzola","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.4.6","url":null,"abstract":"This research evaluated the phytotoxic effect of the hexane (H.E), ethyl acetate (EtOAc.E) and methanolic (MeOH.E) crude extracts of the Tephrosia cinerea leaves on the seed germination of seeds using two weed species, Mimosa pudica (Malicia) and Senna obtusifolia (Mata-pasto), as test plants. The compounds were isolated using classic chromatography techniques and the structural elucidation of the compounds was performed by 1H and 13C NMR (1D and 2D) techniques. The ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of T. cinerea were the most active, as they inhibited the germination of seeds in 92.0% and 81.0% respectively of malicia and mata-pasto, the ethyl acetate extract inhibited germination by 81.0% and the methanolic extract by 32.0%. The chemical study led to isolation of cinnamic acid and rotenone from the ethyl acetate extract, and mixture containing triacylglycerol and s-sitosterol fatty acids from the hexane extract and the disaccharide trehalose from methanolic extract.","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"1137-1141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88425399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium Nanoparticle Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy against Biofilm forming Streptococcus mutans","authors":"Zarrin Haris, Asad U. Khan","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.4","url":null,"abstract":"Present work explores the novel selenium nanoparticle-enhanced photodynamic therapy of toluidine blue O against Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Physiochemical (Ultraviolet-visible absorption, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy) and Electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize selenium nanoparticles. The UV spectrum of different concentrations of SeNP were showed distinct peak at ~288 nm, which confirmed the successful synthesis of SeNP in this study. The synthesized Selenium nanoparticles were uniform and spherical in shape with average size ~100 nm. In FTIR spectra of SeNPs there were strong absorption band around 3425cm, 2928 cm and 1647 cm. TBO showed MIC and MBC of 62.5 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL respectively whereas in presence of SeNPs showed MIC and MBC of 31.25 μg/mL and MBC of 62.5 μg/mL. SeNPs–TBO conjugate showed twofold higher activities against S mutans than TBO alone. A 630 nm diode laser was applied for activation of SeNPToluidine blue O (TBO) combination and TBO against S. mutans biofilm and cells. The UV-vis absorption result suggests that TBO is not present on the surface of SeNP. In fluorescence emission spectra, there is enhancement of fluorescence of TBO fluorescence in the presence of nanoparticle. This showed that SeNP are enhancing the photodynamic therapy. Antibiofilm assays and microscopic studies showed significant reduction of biofilm presence of conjugate. A crystal violet assay revealed a maximum percent inhibition of S. mutans biofilm formation after 24 hours’ incubation, recorded as 20% and 60% by TBO (31.25 μg/mL) and SeNP–TBO (31.25 μg/mL; TBO) conjugate, respectively. XTT biofilm reduction assay were showed 32% loss in viability in presence of SeNP-TBO conjugate whereas in presence of only TBO there was 22% loss in viability of cells. Fluorescence spectroscopic study confirmed type I photo toxicity against biofilm. Selenium nanoparticle conjugate–mediated photodynamic therapy may be used against recalcitrant biofilm based infections and can be helpful in dentistry. Key-wordsS. mutans, SeNP, TBO, UV absorption, FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy INTRODUCTION Microorganisms have traditionally been considered as planktonic, freely suspended cells. However in their natural environment bacteria forms biofilm communities which are sessile organisms embedded in hydrated extracellular polymeric matrix. [1] Biofilms are spatially structured heteromorphic microbial communities ensconced in exopolymeric matrix material. It has been shown that a substantial amount of microbial infections occur through biofilm formation. The formation of biofilm is a dynamic process. In process of biofilm formation the bacteria undergo a coordinated series of molecular events in response to the environmental signals that leads to the Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"1287-1294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80247461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotransformation of Phenol to L-tyrosine with Resting Cells of Citrobacter freundii MTCC 2424","authors":"V. Kumari","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study was carried out with an objective to design technological combinations and fed batch approach for improved production of therapeutically and industrially important molecule L-tyrosine. Methods : Technological combinations (23) were designed with optimized chemical parameters for the biotransformation of phenol to L-tyrosine with resting cells of C. freundii MTCC 2424. Eight combinations were obtained by combination of varying three optimized chemical parameters (ammonium chloride, phenol and sodium pyruvate). To observe the effect of phenol on L-tyrosine biosynthesis, two fed batch experiments were designed on the basis of its concentrations. The L-tyrosine formed was detected and quantified by HPLC technique. Results: Maximum L-tyrosine conversion in technological combinations was observed with lower concentration of phenol than optimized value. In fed batch studies, higher phenol concentration was found to be inhibitory for L-tyrosine synthesis due to phenol inactivation of catalyst. Conclusion : The present approach is helpful in comparing the fermentation processes and designing of better bioprocesses. Production of L-tyrosine at minimum cost and energy is helpful in meeting the challenging need of various industries.","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"1339-1344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81233430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical and Bacteriological Analysis of Drinking Water Samples from Urban Area of Patna District, Bihar, India","authors":"S. Singh, Manish Kumar Kanth, Dhirendra Kumar, R. Raj, A. Kashyap, P. Jha, Ashutosh Anand, Kumari Puja, S. Kumari, Y. Ali, R. Lokesh, Shivam Kumar","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.15","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a comparative analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water intake in urban area of Patna District, Bihar state. A total of 68 drinking water samples randomly collected from 41 hand pumps, 14 municipal supply tap, 11 boring water and 2 well from 15 different locations of urban area of Patna District. Samples were collected aseptically in 60ml sterile plastic container for bacteriological and in 1 liter sterile plastic bottle for physicochemical parameter like pH, Total Hardness, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand, etc and compared with BIS (IS -10500). MPN test was applied to detect the presence of coliform in the drinking water samples. The total coliform count was detected in 57 out of 68 water samples. Most of the water samples were shown compromising physicochemical parameters. Total hardness (TH) is above the permissible limits detected in 60 out of 68 samples. Dissolved oxygen (D.O.) was also recorded below the standard for most of the samples .This results indicate that drinking water is highly in jeopardy to bacterial contamination. Construction of septic tanks near with boring and drinking water supply line short distance between water supply network and swage supply line poor constructed well head, cross contamination with waste water, Leakage in pipe line are the main cause of water contamination. Key-wordsDrinking water, MPN count, Coliforms, Physico-chemical analysis, Bacterial, D.O., B.O.D., pH INTRODUCTION Water is the most vital natural resource after oxygen for life of all living organism from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. Demand for fresh water increases rapidly due to rising population and accelerate pace of industrialization . People obtained their drinking water from surface and underground sources. These sources could be contaminated by microbial and chemical pollutants come with domestic waste water, sewage, etc . Increase in urbanization, industrialization and various anthropogenic activities have increases the surface and ground water pollution. Not all bacteria present in water are harmful but it is the kind of specific microorganisms which are pathogenic causes water borne diseases. Their presence in water indicates contamination of water supply with fecal matter . Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"1355-1359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84430025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucinous Carcinoma of Gall Bladder an Incidental Finding of a Rare Case","authors":"M. Singh, I. Vishwakarma, Neetu Purwar, Yogita Verma, T. Sharma","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.25","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionGall bladder carcinoma is the most frequent carcinoma of the biliary tract. Pure mucinous adenocarcinoma as seen in breast, skin, and pancreas are very uncommon in the gall bladder. Mucinous adenocarcinoma of gall bladder is rarer variant of gall bladder carcinoma. MethodsWe were reported a case of 55 years old male presenting at department of surgery of LLR and Associated Hospital with nonspecific symptoms of diffuse pain abdomen with nausea and vomiting, generalized weakness, itching all over body, jaundice associated with anorexia and weight loss for last 4 to 5 months, ultrasonography revealed gross thickening of wall of gall bladder neck with ill define mass lesion and diagnosis was confirmed by USG guided FNAC, Histopathological examination and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTSPatient present with pain abdomen, icterus and anorexia, on USG guided FNAC cytological and Histopathological findings are suggestive of mucinous adenocarcinoma. ConclusionMucinous adenocarcinoma is the rarest variant of adenocarcinoma gallbladder. Incidental diagnosis of mucinous adenocarcinoma of gall bladder was found by USG guided FNAC followed by the histopathological examination. Key-wordsMucinous Adenocarcinoma, Gall bladder, FNAC, Mucin INTRODUCTION Gall bladder carcinoma is the sixth most common malignant tumor of gastrointestinal tract and most frequent carcinoma of biliary tract. Approximately 3:1 ratio between female: male occur. Most patients are older than 50 years [1] . About 99% of gall bladder cancer are carcinoma including more than 90% of them were adenocarcinoma. Carcinomas with copious mucin production are now thought to form distinct category among malignancies of gall bladder. [2-3] Mucinous carcinoma constitute 2.5% of gall bladder carcinoma other sub type include papillary adenocarcinomasquamous cell and adenosquamous carcinoma. Gall bladder carcinoma more common in females than males and its incidence increases with age [4] . Cases in which stromal mucin deposition constituted more than 50% of tumor were classified as mucinous carcinoma according to current WHO Classification. [5,10] Cases in which the mucin was confined to the lumina of the infiltrating glandular units, but not present in to the stroma, were not Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"1411-14114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86375745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytonutrient and Pharmacological Significance of Moringa oleifera","authors":"Mownica Udikala, Y. Verma͙͙, S. Sushma, S. Lal","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.21","url":null,"abstract":"Moringa oleifera is a small, fast growing evergreen or deciduous tree. Moringa is rich in nutrition owing the presence of a variety of essential phytochemicals present in its leaves, pods and seeds. In fact, phytonutrient content of Moringa leaves (weight per weight) provides 7 times more vitamin C than in oranges, 10 times more vitamin A than carrots, 17 times more calcium content than milk, 9 times more protein than yoghurt, 15 times more potassium than bananas and 25 times more iron than in spinach. As numerous parts of Moringa oleifera plant such as roots, seed, bark, leaves, fruit, and immature pods, flowers act as cardiac and circulatory drugs, anti-pyretic, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic properties Moringa is called as Multipurpose Tree or “The Miracle Tree of Life”. Moringa also contains phytochemicals such as tannins, sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, alkaloids and reducing sugar present along with anti-cancerous agents like glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, glycoside compounds, and glycerol-1-9-octadecanoate respectively. The other chief medicinal properties of the plant include antispasmodic, diuretic, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial and antifungal activities. Key-wordsAnti-pyretic, Anti-ulcer, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-epileptic, Anti-oxidant, Anti-diabetic INTRODUCTION Moringa oleifera Lam. (Family: Moringaceae) Moringa oleifera is a medium sized tree, growing in Asia, Africa and tropical areas of the world as a valuable food source [1] . Moringa is a fast growing tree with about 10m in height and a diameter of 2.04m at chest height [2] . It has a soft trunk, white corky; and a gummy bark bearing branches with each twice or thrice pinnate-compound leaf bearing small leaf leg. The flowers are pleasantly fragrant, white in color whereas the three wing seeds are scattered by the winds. The flowers, tenders leaves and pods are eaten as vegetables [3] . India being the largest producer of Moringa has an annual production of 1.1 to 1.3 million tones of tender fruits from an area of 380 km2 [4] . The various parts of Moringa oleifera tree have been studied for several pharmacological actions. Many reports have described its leaves have antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-fertility, relieving pain, central nervous system depressant, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and regulating hypothyroidism. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"1387-1391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84701534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable Nanoparticles for Delivering Drugs and Silencing Multiple Genes or Gene activation in Diabetic Nephropathy","authors":"N. Soni","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.11","url":null,"abstract":"Dialysis is the only mode of available palliative therapeutic modality to patient with end stage of renal disease. Diabetes is one of the foremost common causes of chronic renal disease and affecting large number of diabetic patients. By many theory, hypothesis and study are carried to understand the pathogenesis of Diabetic kidney disease or complication of diabetes i.e. diabetic nephropathy (DN) and based on pathophysiology many drugs and molecules are being developed targeting enzymes, intracellular proteins, micro RNA, Receptor, channel etc. Genes (like NFE2L2, HD1, RPD3 etc.) responsible for synthesis of transcription factor, proteins, enzymes and cytokine factors, intracellular antioxidant factor all play vital role in pathophysiology of DN. Targeting multiple genes, which play important role in pathophysiology of DN with nanoparticle loaded with siRNA or drugs or combination will not only reduce multiple drug and medication burden but also mitigate the disease faster and with reversal of pathological changes with safety, if the challenges are met. It is possible to target multiple genes, which play vital role in fibrosis and extracellular matrix expansion which are key features of DN with biodegradable particle. Each drug by unique mechanism specifically targeting protein, enzymes, receptor, channel etc. mitigates the progress of DN and multiple drugs are needed to inhibit the various mechanism. The approach of silencing the multiple genes or delivering drugs inside the cell organelles with biodegradable nanoparticles is novel, versatile and target specific to inhibit the progress of DN and to reverse the pathological changes efficiently as compared to drugs/molecules, if challenges of nanoparticle formulation are met. Based on the research till date and available resource suggest it is possible to target multiple genes or protein or enzymes or signaling molecules using biodegradable and biocompatible nanoparticles (NP) loaded with siRNA and drugs or combination of drug and siRNA. Key-wordsDiabetic Nephropathy (DN), Proteinuria, Nanoparticles (NP), siRNA, Pathogenesis INTRODUCTION Diabetes is common cause of end stage renal disease and no ideal therapeutic mode is available. Dialysis is common therapeutic in patient with renal failure. DN is most common complication of diabetes mellitus and is characterized by pathologically by proteinuria, fibrosis, podocyte injury, extracellular matrix expansion, thickening of basement membrane and biochemically raised level of uric acid, serum urea and serum creatinine level and radiological finding on USG is small kidney and oxidative stress plays major role in pathogenesis. [1-2] Ideal Nanocarriers : Nanocarriers should be capable of safely and expeditiously transporting siRNA to the target organ or tissue. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"1329-1338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81807408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-cancer Activity of Leaf Extract Preparation from Ipomoea sepiaria against PC-3 Cell Line","authors":"S. Meesala, Satyanarayana Rentala, D. Kaladhar","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"Researches on PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines control are needed in the present decades. The anticancer activity of aqueous extract of Ipomoea sepiaria was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay using PC-3 cell line. The present experimentation was showed that aqueous extract of Ipomoea sepiaria, when subjected to different concentrations on PC-3 cells showed IC50 cell inhibition at about 5μM for 48 hours and about 2μM for 72 hours. PTEN interacts with other expression proteins like Jun proto-oncogene, V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 and 2, Tumor protein p53, Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, etc. The present experiment shown that the leaf extract may involve in protein suppressor mechanism for PTEN in controlling of prostate cancer. Key-wordsPC-3, Ipomoea sepiaria, Anticancer activity, MTT assay, Prostate cancer INTRODUCTION One of the source plants of the classical herb Lakshmana is Ipomoea sepiaria Koenig Ex. Roxb belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. Ipomoea sepiaria (I. sepiaria), a perennial climber is an important ethanomedicinal plant having phyto-constituents like alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, saponin, tannin and phenolic compounds. PC3 (PC-3) is a human prostate cancer cell lines that are highly used in investigating the biochemical changes prostatic cancer cells . From the last few years, Phytotherapy (herbal therapies) usage for prostate cancer has been increasing dramatically. Several herbs like Chrysanthemum morifolium , Ganoderma lucidum (a root fungus) , Glycyrrhiza glabra (Spanish liquorice) , Scutellaria baicalensis , Panax pseudoginseng , Dendranthema morifolium , Rabdosia rubescens , and Isatis indigotica [10] are tested effective in the treatment of PC-3 cell lines. There were no reports for using Ipomoea sepiaria as a medicinal plant that was used against PC-3 cell line for treating prostatic cancer. A candidate tumor suppressor gene, PTEN (putative protein tyrosine phosphatase) gene is considered as the responsibility of causing prostate cancer . Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"290 1","pages":"1295-1299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76436204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoprotective Potential of Rutin and Quercetin in Swiss Mice Exposed to Gamma Radiation","authors":"S. Patil, T. Ghodke, Shilpa Patil, K. Swaroop, H. Somashekarappa","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"Radioprotective mechanisms of Rutin (RUT) and Quercetin (QRT) against gamma radiation was studied by investigating recovery of histopathology of intestinal mucosa and bone marrow in Swiss albino mice. These mice were treated with RUT (10mg/kg.b.wt.) and QRT (20mg/kg.b.wt.) once daily for five consecutive days and exposed to 7.5 Gy of gamma radiation after the last administration. RUT and QRT treatment before exposure to 7.5 Gy of gamma radiation. To assess the intestinal and bone marrow protective potential of RUT and QRT, histological analysis was carried out by observing the villus height, crypt survival, number of goblet cells/villus section and dead cells/villus section in the mouse jejunum and bone marrow cellularity at 24 hours post-irradiation. Mice exposed gamma radiation caused a significant decline in the villus height and crypt number with an increase in goblet and dead cell number with a significant decrease in bone marrow nucleated cells. The potent antioxidant nature of RUT and QRT mitigate the oxidative stress induced by gamma radiation and thus protect the mice from gastrointestinal damage. Key-wordsRutin, Quercetin, Cytoprotective, Irradiation INTRODUCTION Radiation therapy has been successfully used to treat malignant tumours of different histological origin and stages, (individually or in combination with chemotherapy and surgery, or both) for several decades. The response of mammalian cells to ionizing radiations at the cellular and molecular level is complex and is an active irreversible process that is dependent on both the radiation dose and the tissue-weighting factor . Most of the tissue damage caused by ionizing radiation is mediated by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from the interaction between radiation and water molecules in cells . These ROS react with biological molecules including proteins, lipids, lipoproteins and DNA . Many synthetic compounds have been studied for their ability to protect against adverse effects of radiation ever since the original observation of radioprotection by Patt and co-workers . Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"1322-1328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87173180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Histomorphological Spectrum of Lesions in Leprosy- One Year Study in S N Medical College, Bagalkote","authors":"Anusha Ks, Prabhu Mh, Dombale Vd","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Leprosy one of the oldest and chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Leprosy is widely prevalent in India. Most of the cases present as hypopigmented patches or erythematous lesions over skin. However on histopathology these lesions show a wide spectrum of changes and variations. Material And Methods: A retrospective study of diagnosed cases of leprosy on skin biopsy in Department of Pathology, S Nijalingappa Medical College from January 2015 to January 2016. Total of 63 cases were re-evaluated and classified according to Ridley-Jopling classification. Results: Lesions were most oftenly seen in middle aged patients and most common symptom was hypopigmented patch (68.2%). Based on Ridley-Jopling classification, most cases were lepromatous leprosy (23.8%) followed by borderline lepromatous type (22.2%), indeterminate type (22.2%), tuberculoid leprosy (6.3%), borderline tuberculoid leprosy (17.4%) and borderline borderline leprosy (7.9%). Wade-Fite staining was done in 42 cases out of which 17 cases showed positive for acid-fast bacilli. Also noted that the bacilli load was >2+ in lepromatous spectrum. Conclusion: Histopathology remains the important tool to diagnose the subtype of leprosy lesions. Lepromatous leprosy is most often associated with high bacterial load. Key-wordsHistomorphological Spectrum, Lepromatous spectrum, Mycobacterium leprae, Leprosy INTRODUCTION Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is also known as Hansen’s disease. M. leprae commonly affects the skin and peripheral nerves. It can also involve muscles, eyes, bones, testis and internal organs. Diagnosis of leprosy can be done by clinical, microbiological and histopathological examination which includes, detail examination of skin lesions and peripheral nerves, demonstration of lepra bacilli by Fite’s acid fast stain in slit skin smears and histopathological diagnosis and demonstration of bacilli in histopathological sections. Though most cases of leprosy can be diagnosed clinically without histopathological examination, it is still considered as important test for confirmatory diagnosis, for assessment of regression of the disease in patient under treatment and also for research purposes. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.ijlssr.com DOI: 10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.19 Interaction between pathologist and dermatologist may be beneficial for proper diagnosis and management of the patient. The principle of reducing the load of infection is the cornerstone of leprosy control by early diagnosis and early adequate drug treatment. So confirmation of diagnosis in doubtful cases is an important indication for histopathological examination. The disease spectrum has been characterised in a number of classification systems, most widely being the Ridley-Jopling classification. In this classification, leprosy has been divided into five groups as Tuberculoid (TT), Borderline tuberculoid (BT), M","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"1377-1381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85331787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}