The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research最新文献

{"title":"Allelopathic Potential and HPTLC Analysis of Ipomoea carnea","authors":"Anushi Jain, A. Joshi, N. Joshi","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.2","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, sandwich method was used to study the allelopathic interactions of Ipomoea carnea on two test weed seeds i.e. Amaranthus spinosus and Cassia fistula. Pot experiments were also conducted where Ipomoea extracts were applied on germinated seedlings in bags and the effect was observed after regular application of Ipomoea extract as a weedicide. Both methods showed inhibition of the weeds with respect to growth of seedlings. However, the results were more significant in Sandwich method as compared to Spray Bioassay, indicating the allelopathic properties of Ipomoea carnea are more significant on un-germinated seeds compared to grown plantlets. HPTLC analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins and terpenoids in Ipomoea carnea. Since all the four phytochemicals were present in Ipomoea carnea, these could be responsible for allelopathic properties of Ipomoea carnea on Amaranthus spinosus and Cassia fistula. Key-wordsIpomoea carnea, Allelopathy, Weedicide, HPTLC INTRODUCTION Allelopathy is the inhibitory effect of one living plant upon another by the release of toxic substances. It is an interference mechanism, in which live or dead plant materials release chemical substances, which inhibit or stimulate the associated plant growth . The study of allelopathy increased in the 1970s and has undergone rapid development since the mid-1990s, becoming a popular topic in botany, ecology, agronomy, soil science, horticulture, and other areas in recent years. Allelopathic interaction can be one of the significant factors contributing to species distribution and abundance within plant communities and can be important in the success of invasive plants . Allelopathy has effects on several aspects of plant ecosystem which includes occurrence of the plants, their growth, dominance, productivity, divergence and succession. Initially, many of the forestry species evaluated had negative allelopathic effects on food and fodder crops, but in the 1980s research was begun to identify species that had beneficial, neutral, or selective effects on companion crop plants . The main purpose of research on allelopathy include the application of the observed allelopathic effects to agricultural production, reduction of the input of chemical pesticides and consequent environmental pollution, and provision of Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73678704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising Incidence of Overweight and Obesity among Children and Adolescents in India","authors":"Ijlssr Journal, D. Shokeen, B. Aeri","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.22","url":null,"abstract":"The rising incidence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has become a cause of concern for India. Overweight/Obesity is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) but it needs to be addressed seriously. Research has shown that modifiable and environmental factors along with genetics triggers the risk of cardiovascular diseases quite early in childhood threatening the health prospects of adults. It is crucial to address the causes of overweight/obesity like physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, lack of knowledge and awareness and impact of media and advertising. Clustering of cardiovascular risk factors like high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides in children and adolescents is an alarming sign. In order to dodge this serious public health crisis in near future we need to curb the prevailing risk factors of overweight/obesity. A holistic approach to tackle the obesity epidemic with an array of activities from policy making to program implementation, community education to individual knowledge and skill development is required. We need to promote healthy eating and lifestyle modifications in childhood and adolescents to prevent CVD risk in adulthood. Key-wordsAdolescents, Obesity, Overweight, Cardiovascular Diseases INTRODUCTION The overall trend of childhood obesity is increasing globally and the prevalence is expected to reach 9.1%, or 60 million globally by 2020 [1] . The prevalence of obesity in India is increasing rapidly which form the major part of global population. Obesity has become the cause of serious public health concern in childhood as overweight or obese children will become obese adults with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As obesity is an independent risk factor for CVDs, medical professionals and policy makers should try to address the childhood overweight and obesity to overt CVD in adulthood. The aim of this review is to synthesize epidemiological evidence for causes and consequences of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents of India, to promote healthy eating and lifestyle in childhood and to prevent CVD risk in adulthood. We selected the most relevant published literature on the electronic databases (in English language only), namely, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library applying specific search terms such as “India” “adolescents”; “childhood”; Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78747268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Association of PCSK9/Eam1104I Gene Polymorphism with Plasma Lipid Concentration and CAD in West Bengal Population","authors":"S. Maiti, Pranamita Biswas, S. Banerjee, N. Jana","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery disease (CAD) is suspected as a leading cause of mortality in developed countries. Due to cholesterol and fat deposit plaque is forming into the inner walls of the arteries of the heart, which leads to narrowing of blood vessels of heart and reduce the blood flow rate into heart. Proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is one of the candidate gene that regulate lipoprotein retention pathway of CAD development. It is a newly discovered serine protease that plays a key role in LDL-C homeostasis by mediating LDL receptor (LDLR). The LDL receptor is breakdown through a post transcriptional mechanism and induces the production of very low-density lipoprotein in the fasting state. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of PCSK9 gene of 155 CAD patients and 102 ages matched healthy controls. Serum lipids including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL, LDL, and VLDL were analyzed. PCR-RFLP analysis was carried out to genotype regions carrying Eam 1104I restriction site in the PCSK9. Gene considering significant difference in serum TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C levels (P<0.001, <0.0001) of patients and control samples. In CAD patients, G allele frequency is less than A allele frequency. G allele is responsible for decreasing the LDL: HDL ratio which shows evidence in having its protecting effect on the occurrence of CAD in West Bengal Population. Key-wordsCAD, PCSK9, SNP, Eam1104I, Polymorphism, West Bengal population INTRODUCTION The human circulatory system or the cardiovascular system circulates blood and other essential nutrients throughout the body with the help of various blood vessels. Coronary Artiery Disease (CAD) is one of the most common type of disease that is related to this system [1]. According to a WHO report, 7.3 million people die from coronary heart disease every year accounting for approximately 13% of global deaths . The scenario in India is amongst the worst making it the “coronary heart disease capital of the world”. This has led to the growing demand for additional tools to help clinicians identify the “vulnerable” patient at risk for CAD. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72976334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Blood Group Antigens, CD4 Cell Count and Haemoglobin Electrophoretic Pattern in HIV Infection","authors":"B. E.O., A. A.A., A. E.O, A. D.B., O. A.O.","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79874968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follicular Cholecystitis with Cholelithiasis: A Rare Case Report","authors":"M. Singh, I. Vishwakarma, J. Kumar, A. Omhare, V. Mishra, Yogita Verma","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.24","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundFollicular hyperplasia of the gall bladder is an extremely rare and benign entity characterized by hyperplastic lymphoid follicle with germinal center consisting of the lymphoid population. MaterialsWe were reported a rare case of follicular hyperplasia of gall bladder in a 36 yr old female presented in the department of surgery with a right side upper abdomen pain, then she was diagnosed as cholecystitis and managed by cholecystectomy and specimen was received and processed for histopathological examination. ResultsDue to chronic cholecystitis patient present with right upper abdominal pain and upon histopathological examination diagnosed incidently as follicular cholecystitis. ConclusionHistopathological examination reveals a rare case of follicular cholecystitis. Key-wordsFollicular cholecystitis, Gall Bladder, Pseudolymphoma INTRODUCTION Gall Bladder diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Diseases affecting the gall bladder comprise a wide spectrum of diseases including nonspecific inflammatory diseases, acute & chronic cholecystitis, granulomatous cholecystitis, follicular cholecystitis, gall bladder polyp, carcinoma pseudolymphoma. Follicular Cholecystitis is a condition in which there is a formation of numerous prominent lymphoid follicles in lamina propria throughout the gall bladder, creating a pseudolymphoma pattern. Follicle can be present throughout, the wall but most commonly seen in mucosal layer. Follicular cholecystitis constitutes less than 2% of cholecystectomies . This condition also occurs in lungs, orbit, skin and GIT. It has been mentioned in literature that lymphoid hyperplasia, pseudolymphoma and follicular cholecystitis are some of the terms which describes the same lesion of the gall bladder . We describe a rare case of follicular cholecystitis diagnosed incidently in 36 years old female in a routine cholecystectomy specimen. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80291062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Biomarkers as Predictive Indicators of Endometriosis: A Prospective Case Control Study","authors":"Ijlssr Journal, S. Deo, S. Jaiswar, Pushplata Shankhwar, Bushra Iqbal, Manisha Jhirwar","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Endometriosis is associated with chronic, benign, oestrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that affects approximately 10% of reproductive age women and 35-50% of women with pelvic pain and infertility. It can be a weakening disease with dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia, and chronic pelvic pain symptoms. Objective: To evaluate the role of serum marker (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) as non-invasive tool to diagnose endometriosis in reproductive age group. Methods: A case control study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KGMU, Lucknow for a period of one year. Total numbers of women enrolled in study were 100. Out of 100 women, 75 women of reproductive age group with clinical suspicion and USG findings were taken as cases. Out of 75 cases, 12 cases lost the follow up and 26 cases kept on conservative management and they responded well. Finally 37 cases of endometriosis with strong clinical suspicions (Dysmenorrhea, Heavy or irregular bleeding, Pelvic pain, Lower abdominal or back pain, Dyspareunia, Dyschezia) and USG finding of endometriosis were recruited as cases and they underwent laparoscopy/ laparotomy. Control group comprises of 25 women undergoing for laparoscopic tubal ligation. After taking informed consent, all the women were subjected to the detailed menstrual, gynaecological, medical history and general, systemic and gynaecological examination. Patient was investigated for haemoglobin, ultrasound abdomen and pelvis and serum markers (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α). Blood sample (5ml of blood) was collected in vecutainer tube for serum analysis. The blood was centrifuged to separate the serum and stored at -70oC till examined. Finally 37 cases of endometriosis underwent laparotomy/laparoscopy (gold standard to diagnose endometriosis) for proper diagnosis and treatment. Results: Serum IL-8 cut-off at 0.78% pg/ml afforded a sensitivity of 70.3% and specificity of 80% in the diagnosis of endometriosis and has good discriminant ability. TNF-α has average discriminant ability, 62.2% sensitivity and 56% specificity for endometriosis diagnosis. So that serum IL-8 and TNF-α can differentiate cases with or without endometriosis. By detecting these serum markers, we can diagnose endometriosis without undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy. Conclusion: The serum markers (IL-8, TNF-α) can be used as a non-invasive tool for diagnosis of endometriosis. Key-wordsEndometriosis, Interleukins, Tumour necrosis factor, Laparoscopy INTRODUCTION Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial like tissue (glands/stroma) outside the uterus which induces chronic inflammatory reaction. Endometriosis, multifactorial disease or syndrome that starts around pre pubertal age and flourishes after menarche with symptoms progressive in intensity. Susceptibility of endometriosis depends on complex interaction of immunological, hormonal, environmental & genetic factor. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83859487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Microalbuminuria in Hypertensive Patients of Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"S. Tripathi, M. Mishra","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Microalbuminuria in hypertension has been described as an early sign of kidney damage and a predictor for end stage renal disease and cardiovascular disease. More specifically it is seen amongst patients suffering from hypertension. Methods: This study was conducted at Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India in the department of emergency medicine and 84 subjects were included in the evaluation in the age of more than 30 years. All patients were diagnosed by clinical examination, anthropometric measurement, blood pressure, urinary microalbumin, and urinary creatinine. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS, version 16.0 p-values were calculated by chi-square test, ANOVA unpaired t-test. The p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: It was found that microalbuminuria among hypertensive patients increased steadily with the advancing age and the duration of hypertension. The features of high urinary microalbumin 52.09±8.62 mg/24hr and the urinary creatinine 2.37±0.86mg/dl were prevalent in hypertensive patients and it increased in both male and female patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of microalbuminuria in hypertensive individuals is high, and it revealed strong association between microalbuminuria and hypertension. Our findings suggest that microalbuminuria could be a useful marker to assess risk stratification and management of cardiovascular disease and renal disease.","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73958714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Standardized Protocol for Genomic DNA Isolation from the Species of Plumbago Linn","authors":"Aswathy Ravindran, J. Gayan, B. Das","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.13","url":null,"abstract":"A good amount of DNA can be extracted from the species of Plumbago Linn. by following the standardized and modified protocol. The DNA isolated was quantified using a spectrophotometer at the absorbance of λ260 nm and λ280 nm. Both the species given the best result with a DNA yield of 23.8μg/μl and 0.895μg/μl in Plumbago zeylanica and Plumbago indica respectively and produced a clear band on the agarose gel. The estimation of purity of the obtained DNA was concluded by analyzing the ratio of λ260 nm/λ280 nm of the Genomic DNA which was 1.94 and 2.0 for P. zeylanica L. and P. indica L. respectively. These results are of high quality as it is in the range of 1.8-2.0 by the present optimized protocol. Key-wordsGenomic DNA standardized protocol plumbagin INTRODUCTION Plumbago Linn. is a genus under family Plumbaginaceae consisting 10-20 species of flowering plants. They are widely distributed in the tropics . In India the plant has a wide distribution ranging from Central India to North-east India, and various parts of Southern India. Plumbago zeylanica L. and Plumbago indica L. are the two medicinally important, morphologically different species of this genus selected for the present study. These two species has been reported from North-eastern regions of India. [2] Plumbago zeylanica L. is a multipurpose medicinal herb, commonly known as Ceylon leadwort or wild leadwort , however its trade name in India is Chitrak. In north-east India it is widely distributed in the wilds of Assam, Meghalaya. Roots are widely used for its medicinal properties. Roots contain napthaquinone derivatives, plumbagin, chloroplumbagin, biplumbagin, elliptinone, chitranone . Plumbagin shows strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, and antifungal and inhibitory outcome in contradiction of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens and moderate result in contradiction of Bacillus subtilis, and less low effect contrary to Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and aqueous extract shows less antibacterial action as associated to organic extract. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77986210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larvicidal activity and Biochemical Effects of Apigenin against Filarial Vector Culex quinquefasciatus","authors":"A. D. Johnson, A. Singh","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83529028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Serum Lipid Profile Changes during Treatment of Olanzapine and Risperidone","authors":"Amita Gupta, A. Jadhav, Vaibhav Dubey","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2017.3.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several studies demonstrated relationship between dyslipidemia and various antipsychotic drugs after treatment of psychotic disorders. Our study aimed to compare the effects of commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs Risperidone and Olanzapine on serum lipid profile of psychiatric patients. Methods: This current study was conducted on 30 psychiatric patients, divided into two groups according to the antipsychotic drug prescribed by doctor Risperidone or Olanzapine. All the patients were assessed for changes in serum lipid profile Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL-C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL-C) & Risk Factors for coronary artery disease (CAD Risk Factor I &II) after 16 weeks of treatment. Results: Patients taking Olanzapine therapy were showed significant (p<0.05) increase in all lipid parameters, whereas Risperidone treated patients has shown a significant increase in serum triglyceride and VLDL-C only. Conclusion: Olanzapine therapy is strongly associated with dyslipidemia than Risperidone. Key-wordsDyslipidemia, Lipid profile, Coronary artery disease, Risk factors, Schizophrenia","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77552417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}