The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research最新文献

{"title":"Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis: An Overview and Review of Literature","authors":"Pooja Singh, S. Kant, P. Gaur, A. Tripathi, Sarika Pandey","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most virulent diseases, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). It has been estimated that about one-third of world’s population to be affected with TB. TB is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease. The causative agent of tuberculosis is M. tuberculosis. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) constitutes about 20% of all TB. It is very challenging the diagnosing EPTB because the sample obtained from relatively inaccessible sites. EPTB is the TB involving organs other than the lungs (e.g., pleura, lymph nodes, abdomen, genitourinary tract, skin, joints and bones, or meninges). The biochemical markers in TB-affected fluids (adenosine deaminase or gamma interferon) and other techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may be useful in the diagnosis of EPTB. Although the disease usually responds to standard anti-TB drug therapy, the duration of treatment has not yet been established because smear microscopy or culture is not available to monitor patients with EPTB, clinical monitoring is the usual way to assess the response to treatment. Key-wordsTuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, PCR, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, EPTB","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75208681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Some Traditional Medicinal Plants","authors":"Neelam Bamola, P. Verma, C. Negi","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"- Medicinal plants have been used from the Vedic era. For thousands of years, they have been used to treat and prevent many types of diseases along with epidemics. Some medicinal plants also utilized as pleasant condiments, to flavor, to dye, for conserve food etc. Almost every portion of the plant has own medicinal properties. Different types of secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants which play an important role in many kinds of diseases and also used for manufacturing medicines. A large number of the plants are also reported to possess many other activities like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insecticidal, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, anti-hemolytic properties etc, also used widely by the tribal people all over the world. The traditional medicinal uses of 21 plants species belonging to different families were reported in this review article.","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88994789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental-Implant Maintenance: A Critical Factor in Long-Term Treatment Success","authors":"Nami Sheth, R. Tabassum, Gaurang Mistry, Omkar Shetty","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Initially when dental implants were first introduced their success was assumed to be dependent mostly on the surgical technique and later their placement. However, without a regular program of clinical reevaluation, plaque control, oral hygiene instruction, and reassessment of biomechanical factors, the benefits of treatment often are lost and inflammatory disease in the form of recurrent periodontitis or peri-implantitis may result. Maintenance of the periodontal health is a critical factor in the long-term success of dental implant therapy. This article reviews the goals, types, and appropriate frequency of periodontal maintenance in dental implant therapy, as well as the incidence and etiology of peri-implant disease and strategies for management when recurrent disease develops during the maintenance phase of treatment. Key-wordsDental Implants, Maintenance, Hygiene, Peri-implantitis, Peri-implant mucocitis, Interdental Aids, Chemotherapeutic Aids INTRODUCTION In the recent past Implant supported restorations have become the more common treatment and a viable option for replacement of teeth in both complete and partially edentulous cases. Clinical findings in healthy dental implants include firm, pink peri-implant mucosa, shallow probing depths (3mm or less); absence of bleeding on gentle probing, absence of purulence or suppuration, and lack of response to percussion. [1] mplant-supported restorations should provide comfortable function and appropriate esthetics. Replacement of the missing teeth with implants provides us with the solution of not utilizing healthy natural teeth as abutments for a fixed prosthesis. After the treatment phase of implant restoration is over it is equally important for the dentist and the patient to strictly abide by the maintenance phase. Many principles and features of maintenance therapy apply to both the natural dentition and to dental implants. As the number of dental implants continues to increase, understanding the importance of maintenance as it relates to long-term implant success becomes more crucial. [2] The dental professional’s role is to determine the patient’s individual and specific home care needs. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81254826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and Localization of Gene encoding Biomineralization in Magnetotactic Bacteria","authors":"Renu Singh, Tanzeel Ahmad","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85966020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difference of Serum BDNF Levels Between Schizophrenic Patients with Smoking in Batak Male and Controls","authors":"Deasy Hendriati, E. Effendy, M. Amin","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder, generally affects approximately 1% of the world population but the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is still unclear. Accumulating evidence shows that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Use of nicotine associated with upregulation of BDNF in the serum. Based on the higher smoking rates among schizophrenic patients and the close relationship between nicotine and BDNF, as well as the repeatedly found alternations of BDNF levels in schizophrenia, many studies have suggested that smoking could play a role in the altered BDNF levels of schizophrenic patients. Aims: To determine the difference of serum BDNF levels among schizophrenia and non schizophrenia smoking in Batak male. Methods: Serum BDNF levels were measured in 68 Batak males, who smoke (34 subjects with chronic schizophrenia, which was diagnosed with MINI-ICD X and 34 subjects non schizophrenia as controls), all subjects were aged 20-60 years old, did not suffer from other mental disorders, neurologic disease, and no history of alcohol and other substances except tobacco. Serum BDNF was analyzed with the Quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique by the use of Quantikine ELISA Human CXCL8/IL-8 HS (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, USA). Results: The serum BDNF levels were lower in the schizophrenic patients with smoking in Batak males than in the control subjects, reaching statistically (26.228±5.722.5 pg/ml) vs (33.148±7.290.4 pg/ml). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in serum BDNF levels between schizophrenic patients with smoking in Batak males and controls. Key-wordsSchizophrenia, Batak male, Smoking, Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder that is generally characterized by distorted thinking and perception of the fundamental and distinctive, and therefore affects the unnatural (Inappropriate) or blunt (blunted). [1] Schizophrenia is a severe and chronic mental disorder with a high prevalence (about 1% of the general population), usually beginning before the age of 25, lasting throughout life, and of people from all social classes. [2] The etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia have not been explained so far. Various changes in the central nervous system can lead to clinical manifestations of the disease. Neurotropin plays an important role in regulating the development and maintenance of peripheral and central nervous system functions. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90253203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of Antibiotics and Antiseptics (Dettol and Betadine) against Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"P. Verma, M. Verma","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Hundred samples viz. urine, blood, wound, pus and sputum collected from different patients were found to harbour Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27%) with a maximum isolation from wound samples (33.33%) and minimum from blood samples (11.11%). The degree of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to different antibiotics like Ceftazidime (30μg), Amikacin (30μg), Imipenem (10μg), Ciprofloxacin (30μg), Tetracycline (30μg), Gentamicin (10μg), Norfloxacin (10μg), Penicillin (30μg), Chloramphenicol (30μg), and Ofloxacin (5μg) varied from 56% to 100%. Antiseptics i.e. Betadine and Dettol were found to be more effective against the MDR strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the dilutions of 10 -1 and 10 -2 . Duration of the disease and hospitalization duration, evaluated as risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization were found to be statistically significant while age and gender were found to be statistically nonsignificant. The incidence of multidrug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is increasing fast due to the frequent use of antibiotics and antiseptics, which are used extensively in hospitals and healthcare centers, therefore it is a need to develop alternative antimicrobial agents for the treatment of infectious diseases. Key-wordsPseudomonas aeruginosa, Betadine and Dettol, Antibiotic, Antiseptic INTRODUCTION Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections, reported worldwide. The gram negative, rod shaped bacterium (0.5-0.8 m and 1.5-3.0 m in size) is ubiquitous with normal nutritional requirement and has emerged as the epitome of opportunistic pathogen of humans. There is hardly any tissue that it cannot infect, if the tissue defenses are compromised in some manner [1] . P. aeruginosa is commonly encountered in health-associated infections. Multiple surveillance programs have reported the organism as one of the leading causes of nosocomial infection. [2-4] According to Center for Disease Control (CDC), incidence of P. aeruginosa infections in U.S. hospitals averages about 0.4% (4 per 1000 discharges) and the bacterium is the fourth most commonly isolated nosocomial pathogen accounting for 10.1% of all hospital acquired infections [1] . Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"86 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72684578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Phytochemical Constituents and Anti-oxidant Activity of Spinacia oleracea L. of Bundelkhand Region","authors":"Ramesh Kumar, R. Patwa","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spinacia oleracea L. commonly known as palak is an edible flowering plant belongs to Amaranthaceae family. The plants exhibit its curative activity against several human diseases because of the presence of biological tannins and phenolic active phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids. It is used in the treatment of difficulty in breathing, inflammation of liver and lungs and leucorrhoea, useful in urinary concretion, inflammation of the lungs, sore throat, and pain in joints. Methods: S. oleracea L. was collected from local market Jhansi in the month of January 2017. Aqueous and methanolic extraction of S. oleracea L. and phytochemical screening of the extracts was done for Saponins, Reducing sugar, Cardiac glycosides, Protein and Amino acid, Glycosides, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, and Steroids. Results: Phytochemical analysis of leaves of S. oleracea had most of the important phytochemicals like Alkaloids, Tannins, Glycosides, Terpenoids, and Flavonoids etc. In which, the aqueous extract of S. oleracea showed (in most of the test) positive result for Alkaloids, Phenols, Flavanoids, Saponins, Terpenoids, Reducing sugar, Protein, and Amino acid and showed a negative result for Carbohydrate, Glycosides, and Cardiac glycosides. The methanolic extract of the plant leaves revealed the presence of (in most of the test) Alkaloids, Tannins & Phenolic compounds, Flavanoids, Saponins, Terpenoids and Steroids and negative results for the rest. Conclusion: The phytochemical analysis of S. oleraceae revealed the presence of phytochemicals such as, Tannins, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Saponins, and Terpenoids etc. in the different extracts. By the presence of these phytochemicals, we were suggested that S. oleracea is a good nutrient rich leafy vegetable that can be used as a therapeutic and curative medicine for many oxidative stressinduced diseases. Key-wordsPhytochemical analysis, Spinacia oleracea, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Terpenoids, Methanolic extract","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"728 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80830253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C-Reactive Protein as a Biomarker in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Mini Review","authors":"Sarika Pandey, R. Garg, S. Kant, P. Gaur, Seema Singh, Pooja Singh","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76097154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Sex Hormones and Prolactin on Sickle Cell Erythrocyte Polymerisation in Portharcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"F. Ezeiruaku, E. Eze, D. Ukaji","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75890779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Oxidant Alteration of Biomolecules in Diabetes and Other Associated Diseases","authors":"M. Verma, P. Verma","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products of normal cellular metabolism and are known to act as second messengers. Physiological conditions, ROS participate in the maintenance of cellular ‘redox homeostasis’ in order to protect cells against oxidative stress through various redox-regulatory mechanisms. Oxidative stress resulting from enhances free-radical formation and/or a defect in antioxidant defences has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated complications. Diabetes mellitus comprises a group of metabolic disorders that share the common phenotype of hyperglycemia, association with the biochemical alteration of glucose and lipid peroxidation. Increase the level of oxidative stress along with deranging different metabolisms; one of the Long term complications of diabetes mellitus is diabetic retinopathy, which is a leading cause of acquired blindness. Many of the recent landmarks in scientific research have shown that in human beings, oxidative stress has been implicated in the progression of major health problems by inactivating the metabolic enzymes and damaging important cellular components, oxidizing the nucleic acids, leading to cardiovascular diseases, eye disorders, joint disorders, neurological diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), atherosclerosis, lung and kidney disorders, liver and pancreatic diseases, cancer, ageing, disease of the reproductive system including the male and female infertility etc. In this review, we had the importance of endogenous antioxidant defense systems, the intense medical management; these strategies include dietary measures (antioxidants) their relationship to several pathophysiological processes and their possible therapeutic implications in vivo condition. Key-wordsOxidative stress, Reactive oxygen species, Diabetic mellitus, Diabetic complications, Free radicals, Associated diseases, Lipid peroxidation","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88184135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}