The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research最新文献

{"title":"Regeneration of Plantlets from Rhizome Bud Explants of Lasia spinosa (Lour.) Thwaites- A Medicinal Plants of Assam","authors":"Puspita Hore, B. Tanti","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABASTRACT In numerable medicinal plants are commercially propagated through tissue culture for large production of elite material (Rhizome buds of Lasia spinosa {Lour.}). Thwaites could be induced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of kinetin (kin) and 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) alone and in combination with Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Lasia is one of the traditionally important plants of Assam, which is employed in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory diseases and skin infections. This plant is also a rich source of dietary fibers, reported containing polyphenols, ascorbic acid and hydrocyanic acid. The present study aimed to establish producible protocol for in vitro regeneration of Lasia spinosa using rhizome bud explants. For shoot proliferation, among the various concentrations, 3.0 mgL BAP showed the highest shoot regeneration frequency of 88.2±2.8%. The highest number of shoot were recorded as 1.9 ± 0.45 in L. spinosa, but the highest shoot length (4.5±0.07 cm) was observed at reduced concentration of BAP (1.0 mgL). Plantlets rooted in 1⁄2 strength MS medium augmented with 0.1–1.0 mgL either NAA or IBA for L. spinosa for root formation. The highest percentage (79.5±2.6%), maximum number of rootlets/ shoot let (4.0±0.46) and mean length of rootlets (3.25±0.06 cm) were observed in L. spinosa. Our findings have paved a way for future investigation on another mode of regeneration like haploid production, anther culture etc and also for the commercial and rapid propagation of L. spinosa.","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74872766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varietal Comparison of Withanolide Contents in Different Tissues of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha)","authors":"Manali Singh, P. Shah, H. Punetha, S. Agrawal","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Five varieties of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L. (Dunal) i.e. Chetak, Pratap, Nimithli, Poshita and Jawahar-20 were analyzed for withanolide A and withaferin A. These components were evaluated from leaf, stem, root and seeds using HPLC. These components were present in all these tissues. However, their content varies from tissues to tissue and variety to variety viz (Chetak, Pratap, Nimithli, Poshita and Jawahar-20). Withaferin A and withanolide A contents were found to be highest in Poshita followed by Jawahar-20. Withaferin A and withanolide A contents were also evaluated and compared in field-grown and in-vitro grown plants of Poshita and Jawahar-20. Callus derived from Poshita root showed the highest withaferin A content however, withanolide A was found to be highest in callus derived from Jawahar-20 leaf. Thus this study indicated that promoting an elite variety through tissue culture with consistency in the withanolide contents can be a promising approach to meet the growing demand of Ashwagandha. Key-words: Withania somnifera, Withaferin A, Withanolide A, HPLC, Field grown, In-vitro grown, Ashwagandha INTRODUCTION Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, popularly known as Ashwagandha, is a high valued medicinal plant of India. It is a priority medicinal plant which is identified by National Medicinal Plant Board of India. The roots and leaves of Ashwagandha contain various alkaloids viz withanolides [1] and withaferin A . Among withanolides, withaferin A and withanolide A have been reported to be dominant metabolite distributed among various tissues of this plant in varying concentrations . How to cite this article Singh M, Shah P, Punetha H, Agrawal S. Varietal Comparison of Withanolide","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79310073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proliferation of Shoot from First Leaf of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower)","authors":"S. Mendhe, Sana Sheikh","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Callus induction and in vitro plantlet regeneration system for safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) using the first leaf were optimized by studying the influence on organogenesis of seedling age, media factor, growth regulator and excision orientation. Supplementation medium with auxin and cytokinin ratio >1 enhances the growth rate of callus culture. Growth regulators IAA, NAA, BAP, kinetin in the medium were found effective for callus induction and regeneration in all explants. The BAP 5mg/l, NAA 1mg/l, 5-7 explants and callus derived from cotyledonary. Explants were cut from basal region of cotyledon of 5–7 days old seedlings. As compared to the standard media SH-M and B-5 growth were superior in MS medium. Capitula induction was observed in callus mediated shoot from cotyledon and with sucrose, IAA, NAA and BAP. The well-developed plantlet was transferred to the field. Key-words: BAP, Carthamus tinctorius, Callus, L., Safflower, MS medium, NAA INTRODUCTION Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower) Asteraceae is an important oil seed crop of semiarid subtropical regions of average temperature 17–20°C, which appear to be best for vegetative growth and optimum temperature of flowering is 24 to 32°C. Due to high content of linoleic acid it occupies unique position among oil seed plants [1]. The young plant is used as a leafy vegetable; seed oil is used for industrial and edible purpose . Safflower is considered as salt tolerant specially sodium salt. Flower yield and pigment content of flower have gain economic importance [3,4] to increasing countries and their use in medicine for curing several diseases. In vitro plant regeneration system is basic necessity for such approaches. Direct somatic embryogenesis from cotyledon explants [4] and in vitro shoot regeneration has been reported in safflower . Modern techniques like embryo rescue and other biotechnological tool may play How to cite this article Mendhe S, Sheikh S. Proliferation of Shoot from First Leaf of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower). Int. J. Life Sci. Scienti. Res., 2018; 4(3): 1774-1779 Access this article online www.ijlssr.com an important role in overcoming such barriers. Development of cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility, system for hybrid breeding, a successful outcome of ongoing efforts to use polyembryony for varietal improvement and confirmation of apomixes in safflower . Genetic transformation of safflower to impart resistance to biotic and abiotic factor in addition to development of seed with altered fatty acid and protein profiles . However cultivar can vary responses and regeneration of whole plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Certified seeds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) were obtained on August 2011 from Department of Botany, National Environment Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) Nagpur, India. Seeds were surface sterilized with 0.1% (w/v) mercuric chloride for (HgCl2) with 3 minutes constant shaking followed by three washes for 1 minute each in sterilized distilled wat","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73143674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Procalcitonin for Optimizing Antimicrobial Therapy in Long Term ICU Patients","authors":"Shilpee Kumar, K. Sachdeva, S. Rajan, M. Matlani","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the studies are conducted to evaluate the role of procalcitonin in the diagnosis and management of sepsis at the time of admission or in a defined set of patients [Respiratory infection, surgical sepsis, neonatal sepsis, emergency department, burn patients etc]. The aim of the study was to determine the role of serial monitoring of PCT-serum level with the clinical assessment of the patients and guiding the antimicrobial therapy. The study was conducted for two months and all patients admitted to ICU with suspected sepsis, were included in the study. Patient’s demography, SOFA score, APACHE II score and other laboratory parameters were recorded. The blood sample was collected on the day of admission and on alternate days till ten days of admission or discharge from ICU whichever comes earlier. The sera were separated and quantitative estimation of PCT was done by ELISA based technique. In total seven patients were included in the study. The median baseline level of PCT was 135.45 ng/ml higher than the other studies. The baseline level had no correlation with the severity of illness. Two of the patients admitted with septic shock succumbed to infection. There was 30% increase in PCT from baseline in these patients. All patients, who improved clinically and transfer out of the ICU and survived showed >10% decrease in PCT. The percent change in PCT started increasing a day before clinical deterioration in one of the patient. Hence percent change in PCT level may be used as a supportive marker while escalating/ de-escalating/ continuing same antimicrobial therapy. Key-words: Procalcitonin, Sepsis, Serial monitoring, Intensive care unit (ICU), Antimicrobial Therapy INTRODUCTION Systemic inflammation is a common problem in Intensive care unit (ICU) and fever is one of the most common symptoms seen in such patients. The etiology of fever could be infectious or non-infectious . The infectious causes require early diagnosis and immediate treatment with appropriate antibiotics, as failing to do so could result in significant morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis . How to cite this article Kumar S, Sachdeva K, Rajan S, Matlani M. Use of Procalcitonin for Optimizing Antimicrobial Therapy in Long Term ICU Patients. Int. J. Life Sci. Scienti. Res., 2018; 4(3): 1766-1773 Access this article online www.ijlssr.com In other cases where non-infectious insults are responsible for systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), the diagnosis remains difficult and results in over use of antibiotics . Moreover, most of the patients in ICU with the slowly evolving disease are often colonized with bacteria at multiple sites and hence some degree of inflammation is always there . Hence clinicians are often in dilemma to decide whether there is persisting inflammation or a new infection, whether to start a new course of antibiotics or wait and observe with the existing antibiotics. The available diagnostic tools to differentiate between infectious and non-","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83534614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on Macroscopic, Microscopic, and TLC Based Phytochemical Analysis of Euphorbia thymifolia Linn","authors":"Pardeep Kumar Vaid, Ashwani Kumar, Meenakshi Singh, V. Tyagi, A. Kushwaha","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Euphorbia thymifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a small branched plant. The leaves, seeds and fresh juice of the whole plant are used in worm infections as a stimulant. Phenols are present in large amount in this plant which has played a major role in household’s products and as an intermediate for industrial synthesis. The study of macroscopic and microscopic examination of E. thymifolia has been proved that this plant has smooth and thin surface. In the TLC method, there were four and five spots were observed which indicated that flavonoid was present in good quality. This fact was also supported by quantitative analysis of flavonoid for E. thymifolia. So this study indicated that E. thymifolia plant having moderate amount of flavonoids, which can be good source of antioxidants and food supplements. Key-words: Euphorbia thymifolia, Laghududhika, Macroscopic, Microscopic, Phytochemical INTRODUCTION Euphorbia thymifolia Linn. usually referred to as laghududhika or choti-dudhi. E. thymifolia belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae, which has around 7500 species in about 300 genera. The plants under Euphorbia genus are used to treat cancer, migraine, warts, intestinal parasites, tumours, etc. The E. thymifolia is found in tropical regions [1] but in India, the plant is found in the hills and plains. The use of Euphorbia thymifolia is aromatic, sedative, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, anti-fungal, anti bacterial, and diuretic properties . Properties and Uses of Euphorbia thymifolia Medicinal UsesIt is useful in vitiated condition of constipation, helminthiasis and ringworm, skin diseases and leprosy . How to cite this article Vaid PK, Kumar A, Singh M, Tyagi V, Kushwaha A. Studies on Macroscopic, Microscopic, and TLC Based Phytochemical Analysis of Euphorbia thymifolia Linn. Int. J. Life Sci. Scienti. Res., 2018; 4(3): 1744-1751 Access this article online www.ijlssr.com The leaves and seeds were given in worm cases and in certain bowel affections of children. They were considered stimulant and laxative. The 4,5 anti viral activity was proven in experiment and anti microbial activity reported by Gupta et al. . Antimicrobial ActivityE. thymifolia is considered to possess Antimicrobial activity due to the presence of alkaloids. The extracts of E. thymifolia were used in drugs like fluconazole and ciprofloxacin to control the microbes . Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antiviral ActivityAntibacterial activity was demonstrated using an ethanolic extract of Euphorbia thymifolia against Bacillus pumilis, S. aureus, and B. Subtilis . E. thymifolia is found to have Antifungal activity. Ethanolic extract of Euphorbia thymifolia was used against fungal strain Candida albicans to study the Antifungal activity. The latex of Euphorbia thymifolia is also found to show Antifungal activity. The fungi namely Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, Alternaria alternate, Fusarium moniliform and Curvularia lunata were found to shown reduced activity when treated with t","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79284998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Variations in the Physicochemical Parameters of Ikpoba River Water Samples","authors":"Akpe Azuka Romanus, Femi Imah Justus, Okwu Grace Ifeoma, Obiazi Helen","doi":"10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/ijlssr.2018.4.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"Water is one of the most common natural resources that profoundly influence life. Water pollution occurs when there is adverse change in the physical, chemical or biological condition of the water which harmfully affects the quality of human life including other animal and plants life. Studies on River water pollution and their implication to public health have been ongoing. An assessment of the seasonal changes in the physicochemical properties of Ikpoba River, Benin City, Nigeria polluted by brewery effluent was carried out between the months of January to March and May to July for the dry and wet seasons’ respectively. Standard procedures were employed in the study. Results showed a temperature range of 23 0 C to 33 0 C. The dry season Discharge point (DP) sample had the highest temperature. The pH values of most of the samples were within the optimum range for aquatic organisms (6.5 9.0). There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in pH along the sampling points and days in the two seasons. The range of the electrical conductivity was 70 1750μs/cm in dry season and 90.2 – 1320 μs/cm in wet season. The discharge point (DP) samples had the highest values followed by the downstream (DS) samples with the upstream (US) samples having the lowest values. Salinity in the dry season was higher than those of the wet season. Physical and spectrophotometric assessment showed remarkable color change particularly in the DP samples followed by the DS samples. The effect was mild in the US samples. Turbidity values in this study ranged from 2.8NTU 16.1NTU with higher values during the wet season. Total suspended solid (TSS) ranged from 4.2 mg/l 39.9mg/l. Total dissolved solid (TDS) were higher in the dry season. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in DO along the sampling points and days in dry and wet seasons. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values were much higher than those of BOD5. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in COD and BOD5 along the sampling points and days in the two seasons. Carbonate, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, ammonium, nitrate, chloride and sulphate. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in nitrate composition along the sampling points and days in the two seasons. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in lead composition along the sampling point in the two seasons except on Day 42 at DS and US. There was presence of hydrocarbon (HC) in water the samples which showed significant difference (p<0.05) along the sampling points throughout the period of study. The physicochemical properties of the River showed that it is unfit for human consumption and is a cause for public health concern. Key-words: Physicochemical properties, seasonal variation, River water samples, pollution INTRODUCTION Water is a common natural resource indispensable for all living organisms. It is one of the most important factors that profoundly influence life. Water pollution occurs when there is change in the physical, chemical or How to cite t","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83917897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, Identification and Screening of Alkaline Protease from Thermophilic Fungal Species of Raipur","authors":"S. Singhania, R. Ansari, Neha Neekhra, Abhinav Saini","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Proteases are protein degrading enzymes that catalyse the hydrolytic reaction in which protein molecules are degraded into peptides and amino acids. Thermostable alkaline proteases are of particularly great interest for industrial application because they are stable and active at a temperature above 60–70 ̊C. Thermophiles are found in a wide array of environment such as mushroom compost material, nest, hay, wood chips, grains, soil, manure, coal mines etc. Alkaline proteases are the most important industrial enzymes and they occupy about 60% of the total enzyme market. From the soil samples, eight different fungal species were isolated through soil dilution plate method. In the present study, two fungi Aspergillus nidulans and A. glaucus from mushroom compost and two fungi A. terreus, and A. fumigates from cow manure, showing alkaline protease activity, were isolated. The zones of clearance were observed in A. nidulans, A. glaucus, A. terreus, and, A. fumigatus species of fungi isolated from cow manure and mushroom compost. The best enzyme production was observed in A. terreus (1.005±0.057 IU/mg protein) obtained from cow manure and the minimum enzyme activity was observed with A. glaucus (0.278±0.026 IU/mg protein). However, more studies are required to assess the potential of A. nidulans, A. glaucus, A. terreus, and A. fumigatus species. Key-wordsAlkaline protease, Thermophiles, Trichloroacetic acid, Zone of clearance INTRODUCTION Enzymes are the biocatalyst that perform a multitude of chemical reactions and are commercially exploited in the different industries. Protease, pectinase, lipase, cellulase, renin and papain are some of the important enzymes that have been used commercially worldwide. More than 3000 enzymes are described to date which has been used in industries mainly from the mesophilic microorganism. The enzymes isolated from the mesophilic Microorganisms get denatured and lose their activities at the temperature over 50–60 ̊C. However, enzymes obtained from thermophilic Microorganism are dynamic at a high temperature, have unique characteristics of high reactivity and long term stability . Thermophilic fungi were isolated from soil sample . Thermophilic fungi are a small assemblage in group Mycota that grow at or above 45oC Thermophilic fungi are mainly used for the production of such enzymes. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75611947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pH and Temperature on Secondary Metabolite Isolated from Soil Bacteria","authors":"Neelam Bamola, R. Gupta","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"Secondary metabolites used to treat infections caused by microbial pathogens. It can cause illness to humans and animals. This study was carried out to screen for potential antimicrobial producing microbes from soil samples collected from different area of Garhwal region in Uttarakhand, India. Dermatophytes are a major group of closely pathogenic fungi that infect skin, hair and nails in humans and animals. In the present study, a trial was done to find out a new antimicrobial agent producing bacteria from soil samples. Antifungal activity of each bacterial isolate against dermatophytic fungus was performed with dual culture and agar well diffusion methods using SDA medium. All the isolated bacterial colonies were observed for primary screening for their anti-dermatophytic activity against the pathogenic species of dermatophytes Trichophyton (MTCC-272), Epidermophyton, (MTCC-465), Microsporum (MTCC-964), Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger were screened by well diffusion methods. Among the total 75 bacterial isolates, only 15 of them were capable of synthesizing antimicrobial metabolites in primary screening. Out of these fifteen isolated bacterial sp. only four Bacterial colonies were found to most potent that was obtained from the agricultural region of Srinagar Garhwal, in Uttarakhand found to exhibit the highest antagonistic and anti-dermatophytic activity against most of the used pathogenic dermatophytes in the study. The Physiochemical and biochemical characters of the isolated bacterial species were matched with Bacillus and Pseudomonas sp. Then antifungal activity was measured in different pH and temperature. Thus, the isolated strain was given the suggested name PA-4(a), PA2(a), PA-2 (PK-1), and PA-1(E). This study indicated that the microorganisms isolated from agriculture land of Garhwal region in Uttarakhand (India) soil could be an interesting source of antimicrobial bioactive compound. Key-wordsAntibiotic, Antagonistic activity, Dermatophytes, Secondary metabolites, Soil Bacteria INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial agents are the most promising field worldwide with the need of continuous search of new ones. The incidence of antibiotic resistance towards current synthetic drugs has been rapidly increasing. Natural organic compounds produced by microorganisms are an important screening target for a variety of bioactive substances. These active compounds can be further explored as new drugs or antibiotics [1] the need for new antibiotics has been highlighted recently with the increasing pace of emergence of drug resistant pathogens (MRSA, XDR-TB, etc). Current drug development methods have been slow to produce effective new antibiotics as they have primarily focused on modifying existing classes of antibiotics or using genomics to the identify new drug targets. San Lang has reported bacterial strains of B. subtilis isolated from soil that produced an antifungal agent active against Fusarium oxysporum . Access this article online Quick Respo","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81433298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study the Effects of Vermicompost Prepared by Decoction Tea Powder on Abelmoschus esculentus","authors":"N. Sharma, C. Sharma","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried on Abelmoschus esculentus (A. esculentus) by using the vermicompost. The decoction tea powder is wasted wet garbage and discarded on the dumping ground. It generally creates environmental pollution. This wet garbage can used as a good source of nutrients to the vegetable crop plants. The research is carried out by preparing vermicompost using 75% decoction tea powder and 25% mixture of black soil, cow dung, leaf litter and little vermicompost. The compost prepared by using decoction tea powder has increased concentration of necessary nutrients such as pH, minerals, organic carbon (O.C.), total phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium required for vegetable crop plants for its development. In present investigation by applying this compost, Electrical conductivity was decreased by 9.51%, O.C. 89.30%, total phosphorus 26.09%, potassium 1.0%, Mg and Na by 43.17% shows a significant increase in absorption. It is also observed that germination period decreases whereas height of stem, leaf area, flowering and fruits were developed earlier than control soil. Key-wordsDecoction tea powder, Vermicompost, A. esculentus, Green revolution, Biological resistance INTRODUCTION The ‘green revolution’, in the 1960-70’s came as a ‘mixed blessing’ for mankind. There found a dominant tendency to use chemical fertilizers for the better crop yield. Undoubtedly we got better results of it. It boosted food productivity, but it robber the fertility of farm land and created environmental problems. It dramatically increased the ‘quantity’ of the food produced but decreased its ‘nutritional quality’ and also the ‘soil fertility’ over the years. It killed the beneficial soil organisms which help in renewing natural fertility. It also impaired the power of ‘biological resistance’ in crops making them more susceptible to pests and diseases. As a result, the farm soil lost its physical, chemical and biological properties so much so that the farmers are complaining of the decrease in soil fertility and occurrence of multi-nutrient deficiency. The soil which was once well supplied with available nutrients, are now gradually becoming deficient [1] . Over the years it has worked like a ‘slow poison’ for the soil with a serious ‘withdrawal symptoms’. Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91437198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for Induction of Multiple Shoot through Nodal Explants Culture of Bambusa bambos for Biomass Production","authors":"P. Muthukumaran, N. Saraswathy, S. Abarna, R. Kanthimathi, V. Monisha, N. Devi, M. Nivetha","doi":"10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21276/IJLSSR.2018.4.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the present study was production biomass by induction of multiple shoots from Bambusa bambos. In general, the efficient and reproducible procedure for the propagation of bamboo can be achieved by seed propagation, clump division, and rhizome for small scale. In case of mass scale propagation, this technique would be highly insufficient and inefficient. For efficient production of bamboo, Micropropagation technique is used in large scale production. Nodal segment from fields grown clumps were used as the explants to develop a method of in vitro Micropropagation in bamboo. Plant growth hormone BAP (benzyl amino purine), KIN (kinetin), NAA (1naphthalene acetic acid), IBA (indole-3 butyric acid), IAA (indole-3 acetic acid) was studied on in-vitro Micropropagation of the effective shoot and roots of bamboo. Effective axillary bud breaking was achieved in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. Nodal explants culture was inoculated in both solid (0.8%) and liquid MS media and observed the maximum proliferation of shoot in solid MS medium (4/ nodal explants). The concentration of sucrose was varied and their growth was examined. The sucrose was optimized (3%). Under the optimized sucrose condition, the hormone was varied and growth was examined. Under this condition, BAP response was high. Thus the concentration of BAP was varied for further studies. The response was high in 3 mg/l of BAP concentration. This review briefly provides the state-of-the-art information on tissue culture mediated biotechnologically interventions made in bamboo for large scale Micropropagation. The established protocol will be of help to stakeholders in edible bamboo trade to conserve genepool and increase productivity. Key-wordsBamboo, Micropropagation, Tissue culture, Multiple shoots, Benzyl amino purine INTRODUCTION Bamboo is a rhizomatous plant. It is a non-wood forestry product. It is one of the most important agriculture plants. It’s belonging to family Poaceae with woody culms growing uprightly. Bamboos assume a greater significance in the Indian context because after China, India has the second largest bamboo genetic resources in the world (23 genera and 125 species). The mass utilization of bamboo resources for hand craft industries, construction, paper and pulp industries, fishery, and human consumption. The biomass production is incomparable in bamboo plant. In the recent years, extensive research regarding micropropagation of bamboos has been done [1-3] . For carrying out in vitro propagation, different explants have been employed by Access this article online Quick Response Code Website:","PeriodicalId":22509,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89555825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}