Plant Biotechnology Journal最新文献

{"title":"RPT: An integrated root phenotyping toolbox for segmenting and quantifying root system architecture","authors":"Jiawei Shi, Shangyuan Xie, Weikun Li, Xin Wang, Jianglin Wang, Yunyu Chen, Yongyue Chang, Qiaojun Lou, Wanneng Yang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70040","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe dissection of genetic architecture for rice root system is largely dependent on phenotyping techniques, and high‐throughput root phenotyping poses a great challenge. In this study, we established a cost‐effective root phenotyping platform capable of analysing 1680 root samples within 2 h. To efficiently process a large number of root images, we developed the root phenotyping toolbox (RPT) with an enhanced SegFormer algorithm and used it for root segmentation and root phenotypic traits. Based on this root phenotyping platform and RPT, we screened 18 candidate (quantitative trait loci) QTL regions from 219 rice recombinant inbred lines under drought stress and validated the drought‐resistant functions of gene <jats:italic>OsIAA8</jats:italic> identified from these QTL regions. This study confirmed that RPT exhibited a great application potential for processing images with various sources and for mining stress‐resistance genes of rice cultivars. Our developed root phenotyping platform and RPT software significantly improved high‐throughput root phenotyping efficiency, allowing for large‐scale root trait analysis, which will promote the genetic architecture improvement of drought‐resistant cultivars and crop breeding research in the future.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunity gene silencing increases transient protein expression in Nicotiana benthamiana","authors":"Isobel L. Dodds,&nbsp;Emma C. Watts,&nbsp;Mariana Schuster,&nbsp;Pierre Buscaill,&nbsp;Yasin Tumas,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Holton,&nbsp;Shijian Song,&nbsp;Johannes Stuttmann,&nbsp;Matthieu H. A. J. Joosten,&nbsp;Tolga Bozkurt,&nbsp;Renier A. L. van der Hoorn","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"23 5","pages":"1768-1770"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of single-nuclei transcriptome and bulk RNA-seq to unravel the role of AhWRKY70 in regulating stem cell development in Arachis hypogaea L.","authors":"Xinyang Wang,&nbsp;Runfeng Wang,&nbsp;Xing Huo,&nbsp;Yueni Zhou,&nbsp;Muhammad J. Umer,&nbsp;Zihao Zheng,&nbsp;Weicai Jin,&nbsp;Lu Huang,&nbsp;Haifen Li,&nbsp;Qianxia Yu,&nbsp;Shaoxiong Li,&nbsp;Rajeev K Varshney,&nbsp;Wenyi Wang,&nbsp;Yuan Xiao,&nbsp;Yanbin Hong,&nbsp;Xiaoping Chen,&nbsp;Qing Lu,&nbsp;Hao Liu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peanut stem is a vital organ to provide mechanical support and energy for aerial tissue development. However, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying stem development at a single-cell resolution remain unclear. Herein, single-nuclei isolation coupled with fluorescent-activated cell sorting was employed to construct a cell atlas of peanut seedling stems using microdroplets-based single-nuclei RNA-sequencing. This approach yielded 29 308 cells with 53 349 expressed genes underlying the identification of five cell types characterized by known marker genes. Additionally, 2053 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified across different cell types. Furthermore, 3306 core-DEGs involved in cell development trajectories were used to construct a transcription factor (TF) interaction network, providing insights into specific biological pathways and transcriptional regulation dynamics underlying cell-type differentiation. Additionally, 1446 DEGs associated with different cell-cycle profile were identified, revealing that peanut stem elongation and cell expansion are closely linked to auxin-responsive pathway. This was supported by the examination of endogenous phytohormones and the identification of 10 hormone-responsive DEGs. Moreover, <i>AhWRKY70</i> was localized in the nucleus and is highly enriched in stem cortex and xylem cells and exhibits a tissue-specific expression pattern that regulates stem growth. Overexpression of <i>AhWRKY70</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i> led to accelerated stem growth by modulating the phytohormone signalling pathway, influencing the expression of sixteen auxin and ethylene-responsive genes as demonstrated by transcriptome sequencing. In conclusion, the single-cell atlas provides a foundational dataset for understanding gene expression heterogeneity in peanut seedling stems. The elucidation of <i>AhWRKY70</i> function expands our understanding of the roles of <i>WRKY</i> family members in peanut.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"23 5","pages":"1814-1831"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi‐functional transcription factor SlbHLH95 regulates fruits flavonoid metabolism and grey mould resistance in tomato","authors":"Dan Su, Mengbo Wu, Hsihua Wang, Peng Shu, Haiyan Song, Heng Deng, Shizhe Yu, Pedro Garcia‐Caparros, Mondher Bouzayen, Yang Zhang, Mingchun Liu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70033","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryFlavonoids are polyphenolic secondary metabolites in tomato fruit with important roles in nutritional quality. Dissecting the transcriptional regulatory network modulating flavonoid metabolism is the first step to improve the nutritional quality of tomato fruits through molecular breeding technology. In this study, we identified a transcription factor SlbHLH95 as a key regulator in flavonoid metabolism through analysis of the MicroTom Metabolic Network (MMN) data set. Functional analyses revealed that knockout of <jats:italic>SlbHLH95</jats:italic> increased the accumulation of naringenin, while the levels of rutin and nictoflorin decreased. Conversely, overexpression of <jats:italic>SlbHLH95</jats:italic> resulted in an opposite pattern of accumulation of flavonoids. Transactivation assays showed that SlbHLH95 positively activated the expression of <jats:italic>SlF3H</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SlFLS</jats:italic>, two key enzyme‐encoding genes in the flavonoid pathway, while repressing the expression of <jats:italic>SlCHS1</jats:italic>. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that SlbHLH95 could directly bind to the promoters of <jats:italic>SlF3H</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SlFLS</jats:italic>, although it could not bind to the promoter of <jats:italic>SlCHS1</jats:italic>. Furthermore, SlbHLH95 interacted with the transcription factor SlMYB12 and coordinately regulated the expression of <jats:italic>SlF3H</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SlFLS</jats:italic>. Beyond its role in flavonoid metabolism, SlbHLH95 positively regulated the grey mould resistance in tomato fruits by repressing <jats:italic>SlBG10</jats:italic>. Overall, our findings revealed the important role of bi‐functional SlbHLH95 in flavonoid metabolism and grey mould resistance in tomato fruits by acting as both a transcriptional activator and a repressor. This study provides new insights into strategies for improving fruit quality and enhancing fruit disease resistance through targeted genetic modulation.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143599835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VqERF1B-VqERF062-VqNSTS2 transcriptional cascade enhances stilbene biosynthesis and resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine","authors":"Chaohui Yan, Wandi Liu, Ruimin Li, Guotian Liu, Yuejin Wang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70041","url":null,"abstract":"Grapes, as one of the world's oldest economic crops, are severely affected by grape powdery mildew, causing significant economic losses. As a phytoalexin against powdery mildew, stilbenes and their key synthetic gene, <i>stilbene synthase</i> (<i>STS</i>), are highly sought after by researchers. In our previous research, a new gene, <i>VqNSTS2</i>, was identified from <i>Vitis quinquangularis</i> accession 'Danfeng-2' through transcriptomic analysis. However, the function and molecular mechanism of <i>VqNSTS2</i> gene remain unknown. Here, by characterization and transient overexpression of <i>VqNSTS2</i>, we demonstrated that its expression product, stilbenes, can be detected in the model plant tobacco, which does not inherently contain <i>STSs</i>. After artificially inoculating transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing <i>VqNSTS2</i> with <i>Erysiphe necator</i>, it was found that <i>VqNSTS2</i> actively moved to the pathogen's haustorium after responding to the pathogen, recognized and enveloped the haustorium, blocking the pathogen's infection and invasion and exhibited disease resistance. Furthermore, <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated stable overexpression of <i>VqNSTS2</i> promoted stilbene accumulation and enhanced resistance of the <i>V. vinifera</i> susceptible cultivar 'Thompson Seedless' to <i>E. necator</i>. Additionally, through screening and identification, a transcription factor, VqERF062, was found to directly bind to the DRE and RAA motifs on ProVqNSTS2, positively regulating <i>VqNSTS2</i> expression. Moreover, VqERF062 directly interacted with VqERF1B to promote the transcription of <i>VqNSTS2</i> in addition to forming a homodimer with itself. Taken together, our findings reveal that the VqERF1B-VqERF062- module is required for grape resistance to <i>E. necator</i> and providing insights into the regulatory mechanism of stilbenes biosynthesis.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of a modified Avr3a gene under the control of a synthetic pathogen-inducible promoter leads to Phytophthora infestans resistance in potato","authors":"Friedrich Kauder,&nbsp;Gabor Gyetvai,&nbsp;Klaus Schmidt,&nbsp;Daniel Stirnweis,&nbsp;Tobias Haehre,&nbsp;Kai Prenzler,&nbsp;Anja Maeser,&nbsp;Christine Klapprodt,&nbsp;Florian Tiller,&nbsp;Jens Lübeck,&nbsp;Dietmar J. Stahl","doi":"10.1111/pbi.14615","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pbi.14615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Late blight resistance of potato was improved by the co-expression of the potato resistance gene <i>R3a</i> and the pathogen-inducible avirulence gene <i>Avr3a</i> of <i>Phytopthora infestans</i>. The synthetic pathogen-inducible promoter 2xS-4xD-NpCABE_core, which is composed of the <i>cis</i>-acting elements S and D and the core promoter of the <i>NpCABE</i> gene, was developed for potato. By analysis of 20 core promoters from Solanacea species synthetic promoters of the 2xS-2xD-type were generated which differ in their background activity, strength and promoter inducibility. These data showed that the core promoter plays an important role for the architecture of a synthetic promoter and influences the specificity and strength beside the <i>cis</i>-acting element. The 2xS-2xD-NpCABE_core promoter was further improved by increasing the number of the <i>cis</i>-acting elements resulting in the 2xS-4xD-NpCABE_core promoter. Modified <i>Avr3a</i> alleles, which triggered less cell death than the <i>Avr3a</i>^KI allele, were expressed with the optimized synthetic promoter in transgenic potatoes with an <i>R3a</i> gene. The transgenic lines showed less late blight symptoms and up to 60% reduction of sporangia in detached leaf assays. The absence of a negative plant phenotype in the greenhouse demonstrated that the balanced co-expression of a modified <i>Avr3a</i> gene under the control of an optimized synthetic promoter is a promising strategy to increase late blight resistance of potatoes. This concept might be as well applied to other crops since the co-expression of the <i>R3a</i> and <i>Avr3a</i>^<i>KI</i> gene induced cell death in leaves of corn, wheat and soybean in a transient assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"23 5","pages":"1683-1701"},"PeriodicalIF":10.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pbi.14615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZmEREB180 modulates waterlogging tolerance in maize by regulating root development and antioxidant gene expression","authors":"Huanhuan Qi, Jing Wang, Xin Wang, Kun Liang, Meicheng Ke, Xueqing Zheng, Wenbin Tang, Ziyun Chen, Yinggen Ke, Pingfang Yang, Fazhan Qiu, Feng Yu","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70030","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;With climate change increasing the frequency of extreme weather events, waterlogging has become a significant threat to agricultural production, especially in maize-growing regions. Waterlogging induces hypoxic conditions in the root zone, limiting maize growth and yield (Liang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Pedersen &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms, such as adventitious root (AR) formation and enhanced antioxidant activity, to cope with waterlogging stress (Pedersen &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; Yamauchi &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). However, the regulatory mechanisms in maize remain poorly understood.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;Group VII ethylene response factor proteins (ERFVIIs) are key regulators of waterlogging tolerance in model plants (Hartman &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;). Our previous work showed that &lt;i&gt;ZmEREB180&lt;/i&gt;, a maize ERFVII, promotes waterlogging tolerance by enhancing AR formation and modulating antioxidant levels (Yu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). In this study, we cloned the full-length coding sequence of &lt;i&gt;ZmEREB180&lt;/i&gt; and inserted it into the pM999 vector. The recombinants and empty vector were transiently expressed in isolated B73 leaf protoplasts, followed by a transient and simplified cleavage under targets and tag-mentation (tsCUT&amp;Tag) assay (Liang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). A total of 4720 confident peaks corresponding to 3335 genes were identified (Table S1). Notably, 70.15% of these peaks were located in promoter regions, with 68.67% found in promoters less than 1 kb upstream (Figure 1a). The highest enrichment was observed at the transcription start site (Figure 1b). Motif analysis revealed the GCC-box (GCCGCC) as the highest scoring motif (E-value = 5.7 × 10&lt;sup&gt;−10&lt;/sup&gt;). Compared with RNA-Seq data (Yu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;) identified 421 genes that were differentially expressed in the &lt;i&gt;ZmEREB180&lt;/i&gt; overexpression lines, under waterlogged conditions, and were directly bound by ZmEREB180 (Figure 1c; Table S2). We focused on genes involved in root development and antioxidant pathways. Lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) proteins play pivotal roles in organ development. Two LBD genes, &lt;i&gt;ZmLBD5&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ZmLBD38&lt;/i&gt; (Table S2), were up-regulated in an overexpression line and under waterlogging conditions, in which &lt;i&gt;ZmLBD5&lt;/i&gt; has been shown to promote AR formation (Feng &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Four antioxidant genes, including two glutathione-S-transferases (GST, &lt;i&gt;ZmGST8&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ZmGST31&lt;/i&gt;) and two peroxidases (POD, &lt;i&gt;ZmPOD12&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;ZmPOD55&lt;/i&gt;), exhibited similar expression profiles (Table S2). The tsCUT&amp;Tag data revealed significant peaks in the promoter of these genes (Figure 1d). Additionally, GCC-box motifs were located in these regions, suggesting direct regulation by ZmEREB180 under waterlogging conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;figure&gt;&lt;picture&gt;\u0000&lt;source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/e7ef2f07-4842-485e-aa","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"86 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation of thermosensitive male sterility line in rice via a temperature-sensitive mutation in receptor kinase","authors":"Qunwei Bai, Fenghua Li, Jiajia Zhang, Aixia Huang, Chenyu Shi, Hongyan Ren, Bowen Zheng","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70027","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In rice agronomy, hybridization is a crucial method to augment crop productivity. The cornerstone of hybrid crop breeding is the utilization of male-sterile lines. Compared to the traditional three-line breeding system, the two-line breeding strategy, which leverages thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) and photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterility (PGMS), offers significant benefits by expanding the genetic reservoir available for breeding programs. Currently, two-line hybrid rice occupies 44% of the total hybrid rice cultivation area. However, the availability of TGMS and PGMS germplasm and genetic resources remains severely restricted. Notably, TGMS lines originating from mutations at the &lt;i&gt;tms5&lt;/i&gt; locus account for at least 83.8% of the two-line hybrid rice varieties in China (Zhang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;The leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase EMS1 and its ligand, TPD1 peptide, form a critical receptor–ligand complex indispensable for the proper development of the anther tapetum. Mutations in &lt;i&gt;ems1&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;tpd1&lt;/i&gt; both result in sterility characterized by an absence of pollen. Previous research has elucidated that EMS1 and the brassinosteroid receptor BRI1 utilize common downstream signalling pathways, allowing for the functional substitution of their kinase domains (Zheng &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Among the various BRI1 mutant alleles, &lt;i&gt;bri1-301&lt;/i&gt; is particularly notable due to the G-989-I substitution, which almost completely eliminates kinase activity both &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;in vivo&lt;/i&gt;; yet surprisingly, it only produces a mild dwarf phenotype compared to more severe or null &lt;i&gt;bri1&lt;/i&gt; alleles (Xu &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2008&lt;/span&gt;). The phenotypic severity and protein accumulation of &lt;i&gt;bri1-301&lt;/i&gt; are modulated by temperature (Figure 1a), with accelerated degradation occurring at elevated temperatures through an unidentified pathway. At 22°C, bri1-301 protein accumulates normally, whereas at 29°C, its accumulation is markedly compromised (Figure 1b; Figure S1) (Lv &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;; Zhang &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). Transgenic expression of GFP-tagged bri1-301 retains its sensitivity to high temperatures (Figure 1c). Comparative evaluation of in vitro autophosphorylation activities reveals that bri1-301 loses most of its autophosphorylation capability, and EMS1 demonstrates significantly weaker autophosphorylation activity compared to BRI1 (Figure 1d). Consequently, we attempted to introduce the bri1-301 mutation site into a chimeric EMS1-BRI1 receptor to preserve biological activity while imparting temperature sensitivity (Figure 1e). By employing the &lt;i&gt;EMS1&lt;/i&gt; promoter to drive the expression of the EMS1-BRI1* construct in the &lt;i&gt;ems1&lt;/i&gt; mutant background, we achieved notable phenotypic restoration at 22°C, characterized by the generation of pollen and fertile siliques. Contrarily, this phenotypic amelioration was unattainable at 29°C (Figure 1f,g). Prot","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant genetic transformation: achievements, current status and future prospects","authors":"Peilin Wang, Huan Si, Chenhui Li, Zhongping Xu, Huiming Guo, Shuangxia Jin, Hongmei Cheng","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70028","url":null,"abstract":"Regeneration represents a fundamental biological process wherein an organism's tissues or organs repair and replace themselves following damage or environmental stress. In plant systems, injured tree branches can regenerate adventitious buds and develop new crowns through propagation techniques like cuttings and canopy pruning, while transgenic plants emerge via tissue culture in genetic engineering processes intimately connected to plant regeneration mechanisms. The advancement of plant regeneration technology is critical for addressing complex and dynamic climate challenges, ultimately ensuring global agricultural sustainability. This review comprehensively synthesizes the latest genetic transformation technologies, including transformation systems across woody, herbaceous and algal species, organellar genetic modifications, crucial regeneration factors facilitating Agrobacterium-mediated transformations, the intricate hormonal networks regulating plant regeneration, comparative analyses of transient transformation approaches and marker gene dynamics throughout transformation processes. Ultimately, the review offers novel perspectives on current transformation bottlenecks and proposes future research trajectories.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"29 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TaWUS-like-5D affects grain weight and filling by inhibiting the expression of sucrose and trehalose metabolism-related genes in wheat grain endosperm","authors":"H. X. Liu, T. Li, J. Hou, X. T. Yin, Y. Q. Wang, X. M. Si, Shoaib Ur Rehman, L. Zhuang, W. L. Guo, C. Y. Hao, X. Y. Zhang","doi":"10.1111/pbi.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.70015","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-specific <i>WUSCHEL-related homeobox</i> (<i>Wox</i>) transcription factors (TFs) are crucial for plant growth and development. However, the molecular mechanism of <i>Wox</i>-mediated regulation of thousand kernel weight (TKW) in crops remains elusive. In this research, we identified a major TKW-associated quantitative trait locus (QTL) on wheat chromosome 5DS by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a Chinese wheat mini-core collection (MCC) in four environments combined by bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and bulked segregant RNA-sequencing (BSR-seq) of wheat grains exhibiting a wide range of TKWs. The candidate <i>TaWUS-like-5D</i> was highly expressed in developing grains and was found to strongly negative influence grain TKW and wheat yield. Meanwhile, the RNAi lines, CRISPR/Cas9-edited single and double knockout mutants (AABB<i>dd</i> and AA<i>bbdd</i>), as well as the stop-gained <i>aa</i>BB Kronos mutants, exhibited a significant increase in grain size and TKW (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 or <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) and a 10.0% increase in yield (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Further analyses indicated that <i>TaWUS-like-5D</i> regulates TKW by inhibiting the transcription of sucrose, hormone and trehalose metabolism-related genes, subsequently sharply decreasing starch synthesis in wheat grains. The results of this study provide a fundamental molecular basis for further elucidating the mechanism of <i>Wox</i>-mediated regulation of grain development in crops.","PeriodicalId":221,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Journal","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}